Plant physiological status monitoring method and device based on flexible wearable sensor

Abstract

The invention provides a plant physiological status monitoring method and device based on a flexible wearable sensor, is applied to a plant physiological status monitoring system, and relates to the technical field of agriculture. The system comprises a flexible wearable stem diameter detection device and a monitoring terminal. The flexible wearable stem diameter detection equipment is arranged on a stem of a plant; the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the stem diameter of a plant based on flexible wearable stem diameter detection equipment; carrying out real-time physiological status monitoring on the plant based on the stalk diameter of the plant; wherein the plant physiological status monitoring at least comprises one of plant transpiration monitoring, plant fruit cracking monitoring, plant nutrient deficiency monitoring, plant flooding stress monitoring and plant drought stress monitoring; the stalk diameter of the plant is acquired through the flexible sensor arranged on the stalk of the plant, and the physiological status of the plant is monitored based on the stalk diameter of the plant, so that the labor management cost is reduced, the growth environment of the crop is optimized, and the healthy growth of the crop is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, and in particular to a method and device for monitoring the physiological state of plants based on a flexible wearable sensor. Background Art

[0002] Obtaining the growth information of plants in real time is crucial for studying their growth mechanism and increasing crop yields. The growth process of plants is specifically manifested as the diurnal contraction and expansion of the stem, and this change is related to the absorption and transpiration of water by plants. By monitoring the micro-changes in the stem diameter of plants, the relationship between plant growth and water supply can be understood, which is of guiding significance for studying the growth status of plants under stress and optimizing irrigation management. Flexible wearable sensors can coexist harmlessly with plants and continuously monitor the stem flow of plants, and can be used to analyze the key physiological characteristics of plant health, water consumption, and nutrient distribution under stresses such as drought, waterlogging, and nutrient deficiency.

[0003] In the prior art, there is no technology for accurately monitoring the growth state of plants in multiple directions by precisely measuring the plant stem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for monitoring the physiological state of plants based on a flexible wearable sensor. The flexible sensor is arranged on the plant stem to obtain the stem diameter of the plant, and the physiological state of the plant is monitored based on the stem diameter of the plant, so as to reduce the artificial management cost, optimize the crop growth environment, and promote the healthy growth of crops.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for monitoring the physiological state of plants based on a flexible wearable sensor, which is applied to a plant physiological state monitoring system. The system includes: a flexible wearable stem diameter detection device and a monitoring terminal; the flexible wearable stem diameter detection device is arranged on the stem of the plant; the method includes: Obtaining the stem diameter of the plant based on the flexible wearable stem diameter detection device; Monitoring the real-time physiological state of the plant based on the stem diameter of the plant; wherein, the monitoring of the physiological state of the plant at least includes one of the following: monitoring the transpiration of the plant, monitoring the fruit cracking of the plant, monitoring the nutrient deficiency of the plant, monitoring the waterlogging stress of the plant, and monitoring the drought stress of the plant.

[0006] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the step of monitoring the real-time physiological state of the plant based on the stem diameter of the plant includes: Obtaining the soil volume water content in the planting area of the plant; Performing two-segment function fitting based on the change amount of the stem diameter of the plant in the first time period and the soil volume water content in the planting area of the plant in the first time period to obtain a fitting curve image, and calculating the inflection point; Monitoring the transpiration of plants based on the fitted curve image and inflection points.

[0007] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the stem diameter includes: the main stem diameter and the lateral branch diameter; the steps of monitoring the real-time physiological state of plants based on the stem diameter of the plants include: Determining the fruit cracking index based on the ratio of the change in the main stem diameter to the change in the lateral branch diameter of the plant within the second time period; Monitoring the fruit cracking of the plant based on the fruit cracking index.

[0008] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the steps of monitoring the real-time physiological state of plants based on the stem diameter of the plants include: Determining the first diameter average value based on the stem diameters of multiple plants within the current natural day; Determining the second diameter average value based on the stem diameters of multiple plants on the first day of the nutrient deficiency monitoring period; Determining the average change in the stem diameter of the plant based on the first diameter average value, the second diameter average value, and the current monitoring days; Judging whether the plant is deficient in nutrients based on the average change in the stem diameter of the plant and a preset target value.

[0009] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the steps of monitoring the real-time physiological state of plants based on the stem diameter of the plants include: Determining the change in the stem diameters of multiple consecutive plants based on the stem diameter of the plant; Performing linear fitting on the changes in the stem diameters of multiple plants to obtain an image of the waterlogging stress fitting curve; Monitoring the waterlogging stress of the plant based on the image of the waterlogging stress fitting curve.

[0010] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the steps of monitoring the real-time physiological state of plants based on the stem diameter of the plants include: Determining the change in the stem diameters of multiple consecutive plants based on the stem diameter of the plant; Performing linear fitting on the changes in the stem diameters of multiple plants to obtain an image of the drought stress fitting curve; Monitoring the drought stress of the plant based on the image of the drought stress fitting curve.

[0011] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the system further includes: a data receiver and a cloud server; The stem diameter detection device obtains the stem diameter of the plant and sends the stem diameter of the plant to the data receiver; The data receiver uploads the stem diameter of the plant to the cloud server; The monitoring terminal obtains the target stem diameter of the target plant in the cloud server; wherein, the target plant is the plant to be detected.

[0012] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the stem diameter detection device includes: a wearable sensor, a resistor, a first fixture and a second fixture; the wearable sensor includes: a flexible material and a data line; The flexible material is wound around the stem of the plant to be monitored; Both ends of the flexible material are connected to the resistor through the data line; Both the first fixture and the second fixture are connected to the flexible material, and the first fixture and the second fixture are attracted to each other by the built-in magnets, so that the flexible material is wound and fixed on the stem of the plant.

[0013] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the flexible material includes: an elastic conductive inner core and an elastic insulating outer sheath; the elastic insulating outer sheath is sleeved outside the elastic conductive inner core; The elastic conductive inner core is a silk-based conductive carbon fabric inner core; The elastic insulating outer sheath is a polydimethylsiloxane elastic insulating outer sheath or an aliphatic-aromatic random copolyester elastic insulating outer sheath.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a plant physiological state monitoring device based on a flexible wearable sensor, which is applied to a plant physiological state monitoring system. The system includes: a flexible wearable stem diameter detection device and a monitoring terminal; the flexible wearable stem diameter detection device is arranged on the stem of the plant; the device includes: A data acquisition module, configured to obtain the stem diameter of the plant based on the flexible wearable stem diameter detection device; A plant physiological state monitoring module, configured to monitor the real-time physiological state of the plant based on the stem diameter of the plant; wherein, the plant physiological state monitoring includes at least one of the following: monitoring the transpiration of the plant, monitoring the fruit cracking of the plant, monitoring the nutrient deficiency of the plant, monitoring the waterlogging stress of the plant, and monitoring the drought stress of the plant. The present invention brings the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a method and device for monitoring the physiological state of plants based on flexible wearable sensors, which are applied to a plant physiological state monitoring system. The system includes: a flexible wearable stem diameter detection device and a monitoring terminal; the flexible wearable stem diameter detection device is arranged on the stem of the plant; the method includes: obtaining the stem diameter of the plant based on the flexible wearable stem diameter detection device; monitoring the real-time physiological state of the plant based on the stem diameter of the plant; wherein, the monitoring of the plant physiological state at least includes one of the following: monitoring the transpiration of the plant, monitoring the fruit cracking of the plant, monitoring the nutrient deficiency of the plant, monitoring the waterlogging stress of the plant, and monitoring the drought stress of the plant; obtaining the stem diameter of the plant through the flexible sensor arranged on the plant stem, and monitoring the physiological state of the plant based on the diameter of the plant stem, so as to reduce the artificial management cost, optimize the crop growth environment, and promote the healthy growth of the crop. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a method for monitoring the physiological state of plants based on flexible wearable sensors provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic installation diagram of a flexible wearable stem diameter detection device in transpiration monitoring provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a fitting curve in transpiration monitoring provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic installation diagram of a flexible wearable stem diameter detection device in fruit cracking monitoring provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic image diagram of fruit cracking monitoring provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic installation diagram of a flexible wearable stem diameter detection device in nutrient deficiency monitoring provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of nutrient deficiency monitoring provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic installation diagram of a flexible wearable stem diameter detection device in waterlogging monitoring provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of waterlogging monitoring provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10Schematic diagram of the installation of a flexible wearable stem diameter detection device in drought monitoring provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the results of drought monitoring provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of a plant physiological state monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of a stem diameter detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of a plant physiological state monitoring device based on a flexible wearable sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Icons: 1 - Stem diameter detection device; 11 - Resistometer; 12 - Wearable sensor; 13 - Fixator; 14 - Data cable; 2 - Data receiver; 3 - Cloud server; 4 - Monitoring terminal; 100 - Charging interface; 110 - Indicator light; 120 - Reset zero button; 130 - Flexible material; 140 - First fixator; 150 - Second fixator; 170 - Male banana plug; 180 - Female banana plug; 210 - First plant; 220 - Flower pot; 270 - Transpiration device; 320 - Bamboo stick; 330 - Main stem of the plant; 370 - Lateral branch of the plant; 410 - Hydroponic box; 420 - Cultivation hole; 430 - Second plant; 510 - Third plant; 520 - Cultivation trough; 570 - Irrigation water pipe; 580 - 1 - in - 4 splitter; 590 - Elbow drip arrow; 610 - Fourth plant; 620 - Planting flower pot; 660 - Fixed bamboo stick; 680 - Water bucket; 710 - Data acquisition module; 720 - Plant physiological state monitoring module; 800 - Memory; 801 - Processor; 802 - Bus; 803 - Communication interface. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0019] Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the inventive product is customarily placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive distinction and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", etc. do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "set", "installed", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] Real-time acquisition of plant growth information is crucial for studying its growth mechanism and improving crop yields. Research shows that the growth process of plants is specifically manifested as the diurnal contraction and expansion of the stem, and this change is related to the absorption and transpiration of water by plants. By monitoring the micro-changes in the stem diameter of plants, the relationship between plant growth and water supply can be understood, which is of guiding significance for studying the growth status of plants under stress and optimizing irrigation management. The flexible wearable sensor 12 can coexist harmlessly with plants and continuously monitor the stem flow of plants, and can be used to analyze the key physiological characteristics of plant health, water consumption, and nutrient distribution under stresses such as drought, waterlogging, and nutrient deficiency. By obtaining the stem diameter of plants through the flexible sensor set on the plant stem and monitoring the physiological state of plants based on the stem diameter of the plant, it can also provide scientific decision-making support for farmers, helping them formulate reasonable irrigation and fertilization plans based on real-time data analysis, thereby reducing the artificial management cost, optimizing the crop growth environment, and promoting healthy growth, which is of great significance for coping with the challenges brought by global water stress and climate change.

[0025] The following will, with reference to the accompanying drawings, elaborate on some embodiments of the present invention. Without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0026] Embodiment 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for monitoring the physiological state of plants based on the flexible wearable sensor 12, which is applied to a plant physiological state monitoring system. The system includes: a flexible wearable stem diameter detection device 1 and a monitoring terminal 4; the flexible wearable stem diameter detection device 1 is arranged on the stem of the plant.

[0027] See Figure 1 The flowchart of a method for monitoring the physiological state of plants based on a flexible wearable sensor provided by the embodiment of the present invention as shown. The method includes: Step S102, obtaining the stem diameter of the plant based on the flexible wearable stem diameter detection device 1.

[0028] Specifically, the flexible wearable stem diameter detection device 1 is wrapped around the stem of the plant, generates an electrical signal based on the change in the stem diameter of the plant and stores it, and the monitoring terminal 4 obtains this electrical signal and analyzes it.

[0029] Step S104, monitoring the real-time physiological state of the plant based on the stem diameter of the plant; wherein, the monitoring of the physiological state of the plant includes at least one of the following: monitoring the transpiration of the plant, monitoring the fruit cracking of the plant, monitoring the nutrient deficiency of the plant, monitoring the waterlogging stress of the plant, and monitoring the drought stress of the plant.

[0030] Specifically, for different detection purposes, different data analyses can be performed based on the stem diameter, thereby realizing the monitoring of the physiological state of plants. The monitored items include at least one of the following: monitoring of the transpiration of plants, monitoring of fruit cracking of plants, monitoring of nutrient deficiency of plants, monitoring of waterlogging stress of plants, and monitoring of drought stress of plants.

[0031] Further, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the steps of real-time monitoring of the physiological state of plants based on the stem diameter of plants include: obtaining the soil volume water content in the planting area of the plants; performing two-stage function fitting based on the change in the stem diameter of the plants in the first time period and the soil volume water content in the planting area of the plants in the first time period to obtain a fitting curve image, and calculating the inflection point; monitoring the transpiration of the plants based on the fitting curve image and the inflection point.

[0032] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 the schematic installation diagram of a flexible wearable stem diameter detection device for transpiration monitoring provided by the embodiment of the present invention shown in. Plant the first plant 210 in the flower pot 220, tie the wearable sensor 12 to the plant stem, adjust the length to a suitable position with the fixer 13, and connect the resistor 11 with the data line 14. Place the entire flower pot 220 on the transpiration device 270 to obtain the transpiration amount of the tomato plant normalized to the vapor pressure deficit.

[0033] During the progressive drought process, the changes in plant stomata are very sensitive and can thus be used as a key trait for screening drought-tolerant varieties. In this embodiment, the transpiration device 270 and the stem diameter monitoring device are used to monitor the same tomato plant. The measurement principles of these two different monitoring devices measure the transpiration level through the change in system weight and the change in stem diameter respectively. Perform two-stage function fitting on the change in the stem diameter in the first time period measured by the stem diameter monitoring device, the transpiration amount of the tomato plant normalized to the vapor pressure deficit obtained by the transpiration device 270, and the response curve of the relative soil volume water content, and draw a fitting curve image. The soil volume water content threshold at the significant turning point of this curve is the inflection point. In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the first time period is noon (12:00 - 14:00). The inflection point and the slope value in the descending stage quantitatively define the response of stomata to water deficit. Experiments show that the soil volume water content thresholds (inflection points) detected by the two systems are very similar, proving the reliability of the stem diameter monitoring device in detecting the transpiration level of plants. Refer to Figure 3 the schematic diagram of a fitting curve for transpiration monitoring provided by the embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 3 In (a) of which is the relative soil volume water content threshold (inflection point) detected by the transpiration device 270, Figure 3 In (b) of which is the relative soil volume water content threshold (inflection point) measured by the stem diameter detection device of this embodiment.

[0034] When an inflection point appears, both the transpiration rate of tomato plants and the change in stem diameter at noon decrease linearly at a similar rate as the inflection point (θ cri ) decreases. When 0.34 > inflection point (θ cri ) > 0.26, the transpiration of this variety is weak, indicating better drought tolerance. When 0.15 < inflection point (θ cri ) < 0.26, the transpiration of this species is strong and its drought tolerance is poor. At this time, the following reminder is sent to the user: For drought-tolerant variety crops, the irrigation amount can be appropriately reduced to prevent the plant roots from rotting due to excessive water. For non-drought-tolerant varieties, the irrigation amount and frequency can be appropriately increased. Therefore, the flexible wearable sensor 12 of this embodiment can provide a method for detecting threshold and slope values, can distinguish drought-sensitive germplasm from insensitive germplasm based on accurately quantified threshold and slope values, and its accuracy is very close to that of the transpiration device 270, having the potential to screen drought-resistant varieties from a large number of germplasm resources. The flexible wearable sensor 12 of this embodiment directly monitors the physical changes of the plant stem, which can more directly reflect the water status and transpiration of the plant, does not require soil operation, is simpler in operation, and has the advantages of low cost, easy installation, and being unrestricted by the scene area, and is more easily integrated with other agricultural technologies such as irrigation systems to achieve large-scale tests and intelligent water resource management.

[0035] Using the stem diameter detection device combined with the wearable sensor 12 and the resistometer 11, the daily maximum stem diameter (MXSD), minimum stem diameter (MNSD), and daily maximum shrinkage (MDS) of the plant stem can be obtained. Through data analysis, the plant nutrient status and transpiration rate can be directly known, and targeted precise watering and fertilization can be carried out. This method is simple, convenient, fast, reliable, low-cost, and non-destructive to crops, and is expected to become a monitoring method that is precise, efficient, and can achieve continuous automatic recording.

[0036] Furthermore, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the stem diameter includes: the main stem diameter and the lateral branch diameter; the steps of monitoring the real-time physiological state of the plant based on the stem diameter of the plant include: determining the fruit cracking index based on the ratio of the change in the main stem diameter and the change in the lateral branch diameter of the plant during the second period; monitoring the fruit cracking of the plant based on the fruit cracking index.

[0037] Specifically, refer to Figure 4Schematic diagram of the installation of a flexible wearable stem diameter detection device for crack fruit monitoring provided by the embodiment of the present invention shown. Fix two resistors 11 on the bamboo stick 320, tie the wearable sensor 12 on the main stem 330 of the plant, adjust the fixator 13 to a proper position to prevent the wearable sensor 12 from sliding and interfering with the data. Connect the wearable sensor 12 and the resistor 11 with the data line 14. Tie the wearable sensor 12 on the lateral branch 370 of the plant, adjust the fixator 13 to a proper position to prevent the wearable sensor 12 from sliding and interfering with the data. Connect the wearable sensor 12 and the resistor 11 with the data line 14.

[0038] Fruit cracking not only affects the appearance and market value, but also may bring a series of economic and agricultural hazards. There are many reasons for fruit cracking, including water management, climate change, physiological state of fruit development, etc. As a phenotypic trait, the traditional method of manually observing fruit cracking is labor-intensive and inefficient. The lack of automated and high-throughput phenotypic analysis tools has led to slow research progress. In this embodiment, two sensors are wound around the stem of each plant of the crack-resistant and crack-prone tomato varieties, one tied to the main stem and one near the lateral branch. Since the increase and decrease of the stem diameter are sensitive indicators of the inflow and outflow of water in plant organs, the dynamic distribution of water between the main stem and the lateral branch can be inferred by detecting the change of the stem diameter during the fruit ripening stage. Calculate the stem diameter changes of the main stem and the lateral branch of the two varieties during the second period. In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the second period is from 8:00 to 17:00 every day.

[0039] See Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a crack fruit monitoring image provided by the embodiment of the present invention shown Figure 5 In (a) is the schematic diagram of the saturation vapor pressure difference from 0:00 on November 13, 2023 to 24:00 on November 14, 2023 Figure 5 In (b) is the schematic diagram of the stem diameter change of the crack-resistant tomato variety (SL189) from 0:00 on November 13, 2023 to 24:00 on November 14, 2023, where Figure 5Among them, (c) is a schematic diagram of the change in stem diameter of the crack-prone variety (SL183) from 0:00 on November 13, 2023 to 24:00 on November 14, 2023, which is used to record and analyze the actual stem diameter shrinkage. The data in the figure shows that during the day (8:00 - 17:00), the pattern of stem diameter change between the main stem and lateral branches (fruit branches) of SL189 remains consistently expanding whether it is sunny or cloudy. In contrast, SL183 shows the opposite trend, with the diameter of the stem (fruit branch) near the lateral branches expanding significantly during the day while the main stem shrinks, and this difference is more significant under conditions of high vapor pressure deficit. Since the increase and decrease in stem diameter are sensitive indicators of water inflow and outflow in plant organs, it is speculated that the crack-prone tomato variety "extracts" more stored water from the main stem into its fruits, resulting in fruit cracking.

[0040] When the ratio of the change in main stem diameter to the cumulative change in stem diameter of the lateral branches, that is, the fruit cracking index based on the change in stem diameter > 1.05, it indicates that the changes in the stem diameter of the main stem and lateral branches of this variety are basically consistent. When the fruit cracking index < 1.05, then this variety absorbs more water into the lateral branches and is prone to fruit cracking. The data analysis software issues a warning to the user, reminding the user to reduce the watering amount and watering frequency of this variety. At the same time, it can also be used as a basis for screening whether the fruit is a crack-resistant variety. This method can perform non-destructive and high-throughput monitoring, greatly meeting the needs of agricultural experiments.

[0041] Using the stem diameter detection device, the wearable sensor 12 is tied to the main stem 330 stalk and lateral branch stalk of the plant, and the daily stem diameter changes of these two stalks can be obtained, and then the law of plant water transport and the impact of uneven water transport on fruit cracking can be analyzed.

[0042] Furthermore, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the steps of monitoring the real-time physiological state of the plant based on the stem diameter of the plant include: determining the first diameter average value based on the stem diameters of multiple plants within the current natural day; determining the second diameter average value based on the stem diameters of multiple plants on the first day of the nutrient deficiency monitoring period; determining the average change in the stem diameter of the plant based on the first diameter average value, the second diameter average value, and the current monitoring days; and determining whether the plant is nutrient deficient based on the average change in the stem diameter of the plant and a preset target value.

[0043] Specifically, refer to Figure 6Schematic diagram of the installation of a flexible wearable stem diameter detection device for element deficiency monitoring provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Add an element deficiency treatment solution to the hydroponic box 410 according to experimental requirements. Plant the second plant 430 in the culture hole 420. Turn on the resistance meter 11 and place it on the lid of the hydroponic box 410. Tie the wearable sensor 12 to the main stem of the second plant 430. Move the fixator 13 to a suitable position and fix it to prevent the sensor from sliding. Connect the sensor and the resistance meter 11 with the data cable 14.

[0044] Element deficiency has various effects on the stem diameter of plants, including inhibiting growth, changing the thickness and structure of the stem, affecting the water relationship of the stem, and the circadian rhythm changes, etc. Treat tomato plants with phosphorus deficiency for two weeks, use the stem diameter detection device to detect the change in its stem diameter, conduct data analysis on the data analysis software, subtract the average stem diameter on the initial recording day from the average stem diameter on the last day, and divide by the number of days. The obtained average growth increment of the stem diameter (starting from the 3rd day of using the stem diameter detection device, analyze the data for three consecutive days (including the current day and the previous two days) every day). This data reflects the growth trend of the stem diameter. When the average growth change of the stem diameter obtained by subtracting the average growth increment of the stem diameter of the phosphorus deficiency treatment group from that of the control group < 0.215 cm, it indicates that the tomato has phosphorus deficiency stress, and the software will send a reminder to the user to supplement phosphorus fertilizer. Conduct potassium deficiency treatment on tomato plants in the same monitoring method. Through the same data analysis and processing, when the average growth change of the stem diameter obtained by subtracting the average growth increment of the stem diameter of the potassium deficiency treatment group from that of the control group < 0.316 cm, it indicates that the tomato has potassium deficiency stress, and the software will send a reminder to the user to supplement potassium fertilizer.

[0045] See Figure 7 Schematic diagram of element deficiency monitoring provided by an embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 7 In (a), it is the overall stem diameter change diagram of tomatoes after two weeks of phosphorus deficiency treatment, Figure 7 In (b), it is the overall stem diameter change diagram of tomatoes after two weeks of potassium deficiency treatment. This method focuses more on the identification of diseases. Environmental conditions (such as light, weather) are likely to affect the accuracy of image acquisition and spectral analysis. While the stem diameter detection device may focus more on monitoring the impact of nutrient element deficiency on plant water, which can be quantified and become a powerful tool for delving into the physiological mechanism of element deficiency and the deep connection with plant water. And in agricultural applications, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer can be supplemented in a timely manner according to the data of the stem diameter detection device in this embodiment.

[0046] Element deficiency treatment can affect the physiological and biochemical processes and stress resistance of plants. These changes may affect the water status of plants and their response to environmental stress, and further affect the change of plant stem diameter. Therefore, monitoring the change of plant stem diameter can be used as an important indicator to evaluate the element deficiency status and water status of plants. By detecting the plant stem diameter with a stem diameter detection device, the daily maximum stem diameter (MXSD), minimum stem diameter (MNSD) and daily maximum shrinkage (MDS) of the stem can be calculated according to the real-time feedback data, initially reflecting its changes under element deficiency treatment.

[0047] Furthermore, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the steps of monitoring the real-time physiological state of plants based on the stem diameter of the plant include: determining the change amount of the stem diameter of a continuous plurality of plants based on the stem diameter of the plant; performing linear fitting based on the change amount of the stem diameter of the plurality of plants to obtain an image of a waterlogging stress fitting curve; and monitoring the waterlogging stress of the plant based on the image of the waterlogging stress fitting curve.

[0048] Specifically, refer to Figure 8 the installation schematic diagram of a flexible wearable stem diameter detection device in waterlogging monitoring provided by the embodiment of the present invention shown in the figure. Plant the fourth plant 610 in the planting flowerpot 620, tie the wearable sensor 12 on the plant stem, move the fixing device 13 to a suitable position to prevent the wearable sensor 12 from sliding, and connect the data line 14 to the resistor 11. Insert the fixing bamboo stick 660 into the soil, and fix the resistor 11 on the fixing bamboo stick 660 with a tie. Place the planting flowerpot 620 into the water bucket 680 and add water to submerge the soil in the flowerpot 220.

[0049] Under waterlogging stress, the stem diameter of plants may shrink due to water stress. However, plants with stronger waterlogging tolerance may quickly recover the stem diameter at night or after the water condition improves, showing stronger recovery ability. Therefore, by real-time monitoring the dynamic change of plant stem diameter under waterlogging treatment, more waterlogging-tolerant varieties can be screened out to increase crop yield, and the situation of overwatering plants can also be warned during the planting process. In this embodiment, the kidney beans are subjected to waterlogging treatment, and the change of the stem diameter of the waterlogging group and the control group is synchronously detected.

[0050] Refer to Figure 9Schematic diagram of waterlogging monitoring provided by the embodiment of the present invention shown. This figure is a schematic diagram of the actual irrigation days in a month under drought treatment guided by a soil moisture sensor and a stem diameter detection device. Data is obtained in data analysis software. The stem diameter changes of three consecutive days (including the current day and the previous two days) are linearly fitted every day. When the slope is less than 0, it indicates that the kidney beans are under waterlogging stress. The data analysis software sends a reminder to the user, and the irrigation amount and irrigation frequency of the plants need to be reduced. By detecting the stem diameter changes, waterlogging-tolerant varieties can be screened out more accurately compared with visual observation. And before the waterlogging stress phenotype of the crop is observed by the naked eye, it can be found in advance through data analysis that the crop is under waterlogging stress, and timely treatment can be carried out to reduce the crop yield reduction caused by waterlogging. The stem diameter detection device of this embodiment can directly measure the physical size of the plant stem. This direct physical measurement can provide immediate information about the plant's water status, provide highly sensitive monitoring, and the device is simpler to use and does not require complex image processing and analysis. Multispectral remote sensing technology may require higher equipment and operation costs, while the stem diameter detection device may be more economical in terms of cost.

[0051] Further, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the steps of monitoring the real-time physiological state of plants based on the stem diameter of the plants include: determining the stem diameter change amounts of a plurality of consecutive plants based on the stem diameter of the plants; performing linear fitting on the stem diameter change amounts of the plurality of plants to obtain a drought stress fitting curve image; and monitoring the drought stress of the plants based on the drought stress fitting curve image.

[0052] Specifically, refer to Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the installation of a flexible wearable stem diameter detection device in drought monitoring provided by the embodiment of the present invention shown. The third plants 510 are planted equidistantly in the cultivation tank 520. After turning on the resistor 11, it is fixed on the stem of the third plant 510. The wearable sensor 12 is tied to the plant stem, and the fixator 13 is closed after moving to a suitable position to prevent it from sliding. The data line 14 connects the wearable sensor 12 and the resistor 11. Water flows through the irrigation water pipe 570, flows out through the 1-out-4 splitter 580, flows into the elbow drip arrow 590, and finally flows into the soil. By controlling the water flow in the irrigation water pipe 570, drought treatment is carried out on it.

[0053] Refer to Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the results of drought monitoring provided by the embodiment of the present invention shown. The stem diameters of both the waterlogging group and the control group initially showed stable growth. After one week of waterlogging treatment, the stem diameter curve showed an inflection point, while the stem diameter of the control group continued to grow.

[0054] Tomato plants are planted in a cultivation trough 520 filled with a nutrient soil substrate. The irrigation of the experiment is controlled by an integrated irrigation system. The cultivation troughs 520 of each group share an irrigation belt connected to a faucet, and the faucet can release a fertilizer solution into the soil. The solenoid valve in the faucet controls the irrigation time and water volume and is remotely operated through a key station. The key station automatically programs the irrigation plan according to the feedback of the stem diameter detection device. Click on the plants in the target experimental group in the data analysis software, select a specific date range to export the sampled values of the stem diameter changes transmitted back by the stem diameter detection device, unify and zero the initial stem diameter data. Starting from the third day of the downloaded data, subtract the data of the first day from the data of the third day to obtain the stem diameter change value, and smooth it. Perform a linear fit on the stem diameter change values for three consecutive days (including the current day and the previous two days) to obtain a linear regression equation with time as the independent variable and the stem diameter change value as the dependent variable. If the slope of this linear regression equation <0, it indicates that the tomato plants are suffering from drought stress, and the data analysis website issues a warning to the user, reminding the user to increase the watering volume and frequency of the tomatoes. The user can send an irrigation instruction to the feedback irrigation device control cabinet to automatically open the solenoid valve connected to the irrigation device and start the feedback irrigation device. The plant stem diameter detection sensor can directly monitor the micro-changes of the plant stem, reflect the information of the plant's own water demand, greatly save irrigation water, and provide a scientific basis for precise irrigation. And this embodiment can continuously obtain plant-related data, which greatly improves the feasibility and accuracy of the research on the relationship between plants and the environment. Obtain the plant water shortage signal earlier, effectively reduce the phenomenon of crop yield reduction caused by drought, and provide important support for precision agriculture and water resource management.

[0055] The periodic fluctuations of the plant stem diameter are closely related to the water status in the plant. The changes (expansion or contraction) of the stem diameter can be used to diagnose the water status in the plant. When dealing with drought and flooding, it has important practical significance to monitor the plant's water status, guide the irrigation regime, and understand the plant's adaptability to environmental stress. By monitoring the changes in the stem diameter, the changes in plants when facing drought or waterlogging can be observed, and the plant growth environment can be managed more effectively, improving its stress resistance and productivity.

[0056] The present invention provides a method for monitoring the physiological state of plants based on a flexible wearable sensor 12, which is applied to a plant physiological state monitoring system. The system includes: a flexible wearable stem diameter detection device 1 and a monitoring terminal 4; the flexible wearable stem diameter detection device 1 is arranged on the stem of the plant; the method includes: obtaining the stem diameter of the plant based on the flexible wearable stem diameter detection device 1; monitoring the real-time physiological state of the plant based on the stem diameter of the plant; wherein, the monitoring of the physiological state of the plant includes at least one of the following: monitoring the transpiration of the plant, monitoring the cracking of the fruit of the plant, monitoring the nutrient deficiency of the plant, monitoring the waterlogging stress of the plant, and monitoring the drought stress of the plant; obtaining the stem diameter of the plant through a flexible sensor arranged on the plant stem, and monitoring the physiological state of the plant based on the stem diameter of the plant stem, reducing the manual management cost, optimizing the crop growth environment, and promoting the healthy growth of the crop.

[0057] Embodiment 2 Based on the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention focuses on introducing the structure of the plant physiological state monitoring system. In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the system further includes: a data receiver and a cloud server 3; the stem diameter detection device 1 obtains the stem diameter of the plant and sends the stem diameter of the plant to the data receiver 2; the data receiver uploads the stem diameter of the plant to the cloud server 3; the monitoring terminal 4 obtains the target stem diameter of the target plant in the cloud server 3; wherein, the target plant is the plant to be detected.

[0058] See Figure 12 The structural schematic diagram of a plant physiological state monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the present invention as shown. The system includes: a stem diameter detection device 1, a data receiver 2, a cloud server 3, and a monitoring terminal 4.

[0059] Furthermore, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the stem diameter detection device 1 includes: a wearable sensor 12, a resistor 11, a first fixture 140, and a second fixture 150; the wearable sensor 12 includes: a flexible material 130 and a data line 14; the flexible material 130 is wound around the stem of the plant to be monitored; both ends of the flexible material 130 are connected to the resistor 11 through the data line 14; both the first fixture 140 and the second fixture 150 are connected to the flexible material 130, and the first fixture 140 and the second fixture 150 are attracted to each other through the built-in magnets, so that the flexible material 130 is wound and fixed on the stem of the plant.

[0060] Specifically, see Figure 13Schematic diagram of a stem diameter detection device 1 provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The flexible material 130 forms the middle part of the flexible wearable sensor 12 and is wound around the stem part of the plant to be measured. The two ends of the flexible material 130 are data lines 14, and the end of the data line 14 is connected to the resistor meter 11 through a banana plug (a commonly used quick-connect plug for wires).

[0061] Furthermore, the resistor meter 11 includes a wireless module, a power supply module, a detection module, and a resistor meter 11 housing.

[0062] Among them, the wireless module is located in the center of the circuit board and can be used to wirelessly transmit the received data to the data receiver 2. The power supply module also includes a Type-C interface. The Type-C interface is responsible for the download and serial port debugging functions of the resistor meter 11 and also needs to provide a voltage such as +5V to the power supply module. This module enables the resistor meter 11 to use a storage battery when moving. The detection module is used to detect the received signal. The resistor meter 11 housing is a protective shell for protecting the internal resistance measurement circuit, including connection ports for connecting the measurement banana plug and the power supply, as well as an indicator light 110 and a reset zero button 120. The indicator light 110 can indicate various different states of the resistor meter 11, and the reset zero button 120 switch plays the role of resetting, turning on, and turning off the resistor meter 11. The design of the housing takes into account portability and durability to adapt to different usage environments.

[0063] Furthermore, the male banana head 170 and the female banana head 180 at both ends of the data line 14 of the flexible material 130 are circuit-connected to the resistor meter 11.

[0064] Specifically, the resistor meter 11 and the data line 14 are circuit-connected to both ends of the resistor meter 11 through a banana head, which can be stably connected and easily plugged and unplugged, and waterproof protection is provided for the connection part.

[0065] The data line 14 obtains the sampling value (AD value) of the flexible wearable strain sensor through the resistor meter 11. The wireless module of the resistor meter 11 transmits the data to the data receiver 2 through Bluetooth. The data receiver 2 sends the data to the cloud server 3 through a 4G network base station, for example. The user accesses the cloud server 3 through the monitoring terminal 4 to obtain the data and can further obtain the dynamic data of the plant stem growth through a human-computer interaction method.

[0066] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the first fixator 140 and the second fixator 150 are of a plastic shell structure and have a magnet built-in, which can attract each other to fix the flexible electrode, making it form a ring around the plant stem. The weight of the magnet should not be higher than 5g to avoid excessive load on plant growth. Through the magnetic adsorption of the two fixators 13, not only is there better repeatability, but also the fixed position of the flexible electrode remains unchanged each time, generating more stable data during stretching.

[0067] Specifically, the flexible material 130 can be fixed by the first fixator 140 and the second fixator 150.

[0068] Furthermore, the stem diameter detection device 1 further includes: a charging interface 100, an indicator light 110, and a reset zero button 120; a Type-C data cable can be used to connect to the charging interface 100 of the resistor 11 to charge it. When the Type-C interface is plugged in, the indicator light 110 emits a red light, and when it is fully charged, the light of the indicator light 110 goes out. Use a sharp object to poke the reset zero button 120 of the resistor 11 until the indicator light 110 emits a red light, which is the power-on.

[0069] The data receiver 2 is a data gateway. The resistor 11 is signal-connected to the data receiver 2 and is used to send the sampled values measured by the stem diameter detection device 1 to the data receiver 2. The data receiver 2 is signal-connected to the network and is used to send the sampled values to the network. The network is signal-connected to the monitoring terminal 4 and is used to send the sampled values to the cloud server 3.

[0070] The cloud server 3 scans the data packets within the coverage range through the antenna of the built-in wireless transmission device (2.4G radio frequency), obtains the data packets from the resistor 11, and performs parsing and storage; the data receiver 2 can integrate the data packets within a period of time according to the preset reporting interval and report them to the network wirelessly, such as in a 4G manner or in a wired manner, through the UDP (Open Systems Interconnection) network protocol.

[0071] The monitoring terminal 4 can be any suitable monitoring terminal 4. In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the monitoring terminal 4 is a computer terminal.

[0072] Furthermore, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the flexible material 130 includes: an elastic conductive inner core and an elastic insulating outer sheath; the elastic insulating outer sheath is sleeved outside the elastic conductive inner core; the elastic conductive inner core is a silk-based conductive carbon fabric inner core; the elastic insulating outer sheath is a polydimethylsiloxane elastic insulating outer sheath or an aliphatic-aromatic random copolyester elastic insulating outer sheath.

[0073] Specifically, the elastic conductive inner core is a silk-based conductive carbon fabric inner core. The manufacturing process of this inner core is to twist the silk georgette fibers to make the warp yarns, make the parallel silk georgette fibers into the weft yarns, and arrange the warp yarns and weft yarns into silk fabrics. Each silk georgette fiber is composed of millions of silk fibroin molecules. The β-sheet crystals in silk fibroin can be aromatized or cyclized into sp 2Hybrid carbon structure, so silk fibroin is carbonized at high temperature in an inert atmosphere (continuous gas flow with an argon flow rate of 150 - 200 standard cubic centimeters per minute and a hydrogen flow rate of 16 - 20 standard cubic centimeters per minute), and then can be converted into graphene nano-carbon with good conductivity. The carbonized silk fabric is encapsulated with an elastic silicone of Ecoflex [a degradable plastic composed of polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT)]. The elastic insulating outer sheath is a polydimethylsiloxane elastic insulating outer sheath or an aliphatic-aromatic random copolyester elastic insulating outer sheath. After the elastic conductive inner core is prepared, it is placed on a layer of PDMS film, and an alcohol solution of APTES (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane) is sprayed, and left standing for 3 minutes to wait for the alcohol to completely volatilize. The thickness of the PDMS film is 1.2 - 1.75 mm. Limiting the thickness of the PDMS film can better ensure the consistency of signal changes and the stability and stretchability of the overall flexible material 130. The purpose of spraying the alcohol solution of APTES is that the amino group of APTES can form hydrogen bonds with the oxygen-containing functional groups (such as hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, etc.) on the surface of the silk-based conductive carbon fabric, so as to achieve the adsorption of APTES on the surface of the silk-based conductive carbon fabric. At the same time, APTES can alkylate the PDMS surface. The ultimate goal is to achieve their tight combination, improve the bonding degree between the elastic conductive inner core and the elastic insulating outer sheath, and make their stretching more consistent (that is, to avoid situations similar to degumming). There are two forms of subsequent preparation. One is to add a certain amount (1 - 2 mL) of PDMS liquid with a curing agent in a fixed mold and bake it at 50 °C for 1.5 hours to make it completely cured. Its advantage is that it can improve consistency, that is, their combination is tighter. The defect is that the thickness processing is prone to be inconsistent. It can have a long service life, but it reduces the repeatability of production effects. The other is to add a layer of 1.2 - 1.75 mm solid PDMS, spray the alcohol solution of APTES, and fix it with clips to make them combine through chemical bonds. Its advantage is that the thickness is consistent. The defect is that the combination is not tight enough, reducing the service life and improving the repeatability of production effects. The finally prepared flexible material 130 has a length of 6 - 12 cm, and users can choose according to actual needs.

[0074] In the embodiment of the present invention, a stem diameter detection device combining a wearable sensor 12 and a resistor 11 is used to real-time monitor the water status of plants. The stem diameter detection device can real-time monitor the expansion and contraction of plant stems, so as to evaluate the water status of plants, and thus infer the growth physiological status of plants. This device evaluates the water status of plants by measuring the micro-displacement changes of plant stems, and it provides more direct information on plant physiological responses.

[0075] The stem diameter detection devices provided by the embodiments of the present invention have a relatively low cost and are easy to install, and they are more easily deployed in the field or greenhouse. Such characteristics of low cost and easy installation make them more advantageous in large-scale applications.

[0076] The devices provided by the embodiments of the present invention consume less power, have a simple structure, and are convenient to carry. When used in the wild environment, a storage battery can be selected to achieve long-term power supply.

[0077] The method provided by the embodiments of the present invention can be used for different plants and can also be used to detect the changes in the stem diameter of plants under different environments.

[0078] Compared with the elastic clip, the first and second fixators 150 on the wearable sensor 12 provided by the embodiments of the present invention can better fix the flexible material 130, making it not affected by the external environment such as wind and rain, reducing the interference with the detection of the stem diameter change by the sensor, and making its measurement value more accurate. Moreover, the fixator 13 is not easy to rust and can be used repeatedly for many times.

[0079] The transpiration monitoring method provided by the embodiments of the present invention directly monitors the physical changes of the plant stem using the stem diameter detection device, which can more directly reflect the water status and transpiration of the plant, does not require operations on the soil, is simpler in operation, and has the advantages of low cost, easy installation, and not being limited by the scene area. It is easier to be integrated with other agricultural technologies such as irrigation systems to achieve large-scale experiments and intelligent water resource management.

[0080] The fruit cracking monitoring method provided by the embodiments of the present invention is less affected by internal factors of plants. And compared with the conductivity spiking probe inserted into the plant body in the prior art, this device is non-destructive and can perform non-destructive high-throughput monitoring, greatly meeting the needs of agricultural experiments.

[0081] The nutrient deficiency monitoring method provided by the embodiments of the present invention focuses more on the identification of diseases. Environmental conditions (such as light and weather) are likely to affect the accuracy of image acquisition and spectral analysis. While the stem diameter detection device may focus more on monitoring the impact of lack of nutrient elements on the water of plants, which can be quantified and become a powerful tool for exploring the deep physiological mechanism of nutrient deficiency and the deep connection with plant water. And in agricultural applications, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer can be supplemented in a timely manner according to the data of the stem diameter detection device in this embodiment.

[0082] The waterlogging monitoring method provided by the embodiments of the present invention uses the stem diameter detection device to directly measure the physical size of the plant stem. Such direct physical measurement can provide immediate information about the plant water status, provide high-sensitivity monitoring, and the device is simpler to use and does not require complex image processing and analysis. Multispectral remote sensing technology may require relatively high equipment and operation costs, while the stem diameter detection device may be more economical in terms of cost.

[0083] The drought monitoring method provided by the embodiments of the present invention can directly monitor the micro-changes of the plant stem using a plant stem diameter detection sensor, reflect the information on the water demand of the plant itself, greatly save irrigation water, and provide a scientific basis for precise irrigation. Moreover, the detection method provided by this embodiment can continuously obtain plant-related data, which greatly improves the feasibility and accuracy of the research on the relationship between plants and the environment. Obtain the plant water shortage signal earlier, effectively reduce the phenomenon of crop yield reduction caused by drought, and provide important support for precision agriculture and water resource management.

[0084] Embodiment III Based on the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present invention provide a plant physiological state monitoring device based on a flexible wearable sensor 12, which is applied to a plant physiological state monitoring system. Refer to Figure 14 the structural schematic diagram of a plant physiological state monitoring device based on a flexible wearable sensor provided by the embodiments of the present invention as shown. The device includes: A data acquisition module 710, configured to obtain the stem diameter of the plant based on the flexible wearable stem diameter detection device 1; A plant physiological state monitoring module 720, configured to monitor the real-time physiological state of the plant based on the stem diameter of the plant; wherein, the plant physiological state monitoring includes at least one of the following: monitoring the transpiration of the plant, monitoring the fruit cracking of the plant, monitoring the nutrient deficiency of the plant, monitoring the waterlogging stress of the plant, and monitoring the drought stress of the plant.

[0085] Further, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the plant physiological state monitoring module 720 is configured to obtain the soil volume water content in the planting area of the plant; perform two-segment function fitting based on the change amount of the stem diameter of the plant in the first period and the soil volume water content in the planting area of the plant in the first period to obtain a fitting curve image, and calculate the inflection point; monitor the transpiration of the plant based on the fitting curve image and the inflection point.

[0086] Further, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the stem diameter includes: the main stem diameter and the lateral branch diameter; the plant physiological state monitoring module 720 is configured to determine the fruit cracking index based on the ratio of the change amount of the main stem diameter and the change amount of the lateral branch diameter of the plant in the second period; monitor the fruit cracking of the plant based on the fruit cracking index.

[0087] Further, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the plant physiological state monitoring module 720 is configured to determine a first average diameter based on the stem diameters of multiple plants within the current natural day; determine a second average diameter based on the stem diameters of multiple plants on the first day of the nutrient deficiency monitoring period; determine the average change in the stem diameter of the plant based on the first average diameter, the second average diameter, and the current monitoring days; and determine whether the plant is nutrient-deficient based on the average change in the stem diameter of the plant and a preset target value.

[0088] Further, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the plant physiological state monitoring module 720 is configured to determine the change in the stem diameters of multiple consecutive plants based on the stem diameters of the plants; perform linear fitting on the changes in the stem diameters of multiple plants to obtain an image of a waterlogging stress fitting curve; and monitor the waterlogging stress of the plants based on the image of the waterlogging stress fitting curve.

[0089] Further, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the plant physiological state monitoring module 720 is configured to determine the change in the stem diameters of multiple consecutive plants based on the stem diameters of the plants; perform linear fitting on the changes in the stem diameters of multiple plants to obtain an image of a drought stress fitting curve; and monitor the drought stress of the plants based on the image of the drought stress fitting curve.

[0090] Further, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the system further includes: a data receiver and a cloud server 3; the stem diameter detection device 1 obtains the stem diameter of the plant and sends the stem diameter of the plant to the data receiver 2; the data receiver uploads the stem diameter of the plant to the cloud server 3; the monitoring terminal 4 obtains the target stem diameter of the target plant in the cloud server 3; wherein the target plant is the plant to be detected.

[0091] Further, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the stem diameter detection device 1 includes: a wearable sensor 12, a resistor 11, a first fixator 140, and a second fixator 150; the wearable sensor 12 includes: a flexible material 130 and a data line 14; the flexible material 130 is wound around the stem of the plant to be monitored; both ends of the flexible material 130 are connected to the resistor 11 through the data line 14; both the first fixator 140 and the second fixator 150 are connected to the flexible material 130, and the first fixator 140 and the second fixator 150 are attracted to each other through the built-in magnets to wind and fix the flexible material 130 on the stem of the plant.

[0092] Further, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the flexible material 130 includes: an elastic conductive inner core and an elastic insulating outer sheath; the elastic insulating outer sheath is sleeved outside the elastic conductive inner core; the elastic conductive inner core is a silk-based conductive carbon fabric inner core; the elastic insulating outer sheath is a polydimethylsiloxane elastic insulating outer sheath or an aliphatic-aromatic random copolyester elastic insulating outer sheath.

[0093] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and conciseness of description, the specific working process of the plant physiological state monitoring device based on the flexible wearable sensor 12 described above can refer to the corresponding process in the embodiment of the plant physiological state monitoring method based on the flexible wearable sensor 12 described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0094] Embodiment 4 The embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device for running the plant physiological state monitoring method based on the flexible wearable sensor 12; see Figure 15 The structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present invention shown in the figure. The electronic device includes a memory 800 and a processor 801. Among them, the memory 800 is used to store one or more computer instructions, and the one or more computer instructions are executed by the processor 801 to implement the above-mentioned plant physiological state monitoring method based on the flexible wearable sensor 12.

[0095] Furthermore, Figure 15 The electronic device shown in the figure further includes a bus 802 and a communication interface 803. The processor 801, the communication interface 803 and the memory 800 are connected through the bus 802.

[0096] Among them, the memory 800 may include a high-speed random access memory 800 (RAM, Random Access Memory), and may also include a non-volatile memory 800 (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory 800. Through at least one communication interface 803 (which can be wired or wireless), a communication connection is realized between this system network element and at least one other network element. The Internet, wide area network, local area network, metropolitan area network, etc. can be used. The bus 802 can be an ISA bus 802, a PCI bus 802 or an EISA bus 802, etc. The bus 802 can be divided into an address bus 802, a data bus 802, a control bus 802, etc. For the convenience of representation, Figure 15 only a bidirectional arrow is used in the figure, but it does not mean that there is only one bus 802 or one type of bus 802.

[0097] The processor 801 may be an integrated circuit chip with the ability to process signals. In the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by the integrated logic circuit of the hardware in the processor 801 or the instructions in the form of software. The above-mentioned processor 801 may be a general-purpose processor 801, including a central processing unit 801 (CPU for short), a network processor 801 (NP for short), etc.; it may also be a digital signal processor 801 (DSP for short), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC for short), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA for short), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute each method, step and logic block diagram disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. The general-purpose processor 801 may be a microprocessor 801 or the processor 801 may also be any conventional processor 801, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in combination with the embodiments of the present invention can be directly embodied as being completed by the hardware decoding processor 801, or completed by a combination of the hardware and software modules in the decoding processor 801. The software module may be located in a mature storage medium in the art such as a random access memory 800, a flash memory, a read-only memory 800, a programmable read-only memory 800, or an electrically erasable programmable memory 800, a register, etc. This storage medium is located in the memory 800, and the processor 801 reads the information in the memory 800 and combines its hardware to complete the steps of the method in the foregoing embodiments.

[0098] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are called and executed by the processor 801, the computer-executable instructions cause the processor 801 to implement the above-mentioned plant physiological state monitoring method based on the flexible wearable sensor 12. For specific implementation, reference may be made to the method embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0099] The computer program product of the plant physiological state monitoring method, device and electronic device based on the flexible wearable sensor 12 provided by the embodiments of the present invention includes a computer-readable storage medium storing program code. The instructions included in the program code can be used to execute the methods in the foregoing method embodiments. For specific implementation, reference may be made to the method embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0100] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems and / or devices described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described herein again.

[0101] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect", and "couple" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0102] If the above functions are implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The foregoing storage medium includes: USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memory 800 (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory 800 (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disks, or optical discs and other various media that can store program codes.

[0103] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the physiological state of plants based on a flexible wearable sensor, characterized in that, Applied to a plant physiological state monitoring system, the system includes: a flexible wearable stem diameter detection device and a monitoring terminal; the flexible wearable stem diameter detection device is arranged on the stem of the plant; the method includes: Obtaining the stem diameter of the plant based on the flexible wearable stem diameter detection device; Monitoring the real-time physiological state of the plant based on the stem diameter of the plant; wherein, the plant physiological state monitoring at least includes one of the following: monitoring the transpiration of the plant, monitoring the fruit cracking of the plant, monitoring the nutrient deficiency of the plant, monitoring the waterlogging stress of the plant, and monitoring the drought stress of the plant.

2. The method for monitoring plant physiological states based on a flexible wearable sensor according to claim 1, wherein The step of monitoring the real-time physiological state of the plant based on the stem diameter of the plant includes: Obtaining the soil volumetric water content in the planting area of the plant; Performing a two-segment function fitting based on the change amount of the stem diameter of the plant within the first period and the soil volumetric water content in the planting area of the plant within the first period to obtain a fitting curve image, and calculating the inflection point; Monitoring the transpiration of the plant based on the fitting curve image and the inflection point.

3. The method for monitoring the physiological state of plants based on a flexible wearable sensor according to claim 1, wherein The stem diameter includes: the main stem diameter and the lateral branch diameter; the step of monitoring the real-time physiological state of the plant based on the stem diameter of the plant includes: Determining the fruit cracking index based on the ratio of the change amount of the main stem diameter and the change amount of the lateral branch diameter of the plant within the second period; Monitoring the fruit cracking of the plant based on the fruit cracking index.

4. The method for monitoring the physiological state of plants based on a flexible wearable sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of monitoring the real-time physiological state of the plant based on the stem diameter of the plant includes: Determining a first diameter average value based on the stem diameters of multiple plants within the current natural day; Determining a second diameter average value based on the stem diameters of multiple plants on the first day of the nutrient deficiency monitoring period; Determining the average change amount of the stem diameter of the plant based on the first diameter average value, the second diameter average value, and the current monitoring days; Judging whether the plant is nutrient deficient based on the average change amount of the stem diameter of the plant and a preset target value.

5. The method for monitoring the physiological state of plants based on a flexible wearable sensor according to claim 1, wherein The step of monitoring the real-time physiological state of the plant based on the stem diameter of the plant includes: Determining the change amounts of the stem diameters of multiple consecutive plants based on the stem diameter of the plant; Performing a linear fitting based on the change amounts of the stem diameters of multiple plants to obtain a waterlogging stress fitting curve image; Monitoring the waterlogging stress of the plant based on the waterlogging stress fitting curve image.

6. The method for monitoring the physiological state of plants based on a flexible wearable sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of monitoring the real-time physiological state of the plant based on the stem diameter of the plant includes: Determining the change amounts of the stem diameters of multiple consecutive plants based on the stem diameter of the plant; Performing a linear fitting based on the change amounts of the stem diameters of multiple plants to obtain a drought stress fitting curve image; Monitoring the drought stress of the plant based on the drought stress fitting curve image.

7. The method for monitoring the physiological state of plants based on a flexible wearable sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The system further includes: a data receiver and a cloud server; The stem diameter detection device obtains the stem diameter of the plant and sends the stem diameter of the plant to the data receiver; The data receiver uploads the stem diameter of the plant to the cloud server; The monitoring terminal obtains the target stem diameter of the target plant in the cloud server; wherein, the target plant is the plant to be detected.

8. The method for monitoring the physiological state of plants based on a flexible wearable sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The stem diameter detection device includes: a wearable sensor, a resistor, a first fixator, and a second fixator; the wearable sensor includes: a flexible material and a data line; The flexible material is wound around the stem of the plant to be monitored; Both ends of the flexible material are connected to the resistor through the data line; Both the first fixator and the second fixator are connected to the flexible material, and the first fixator and the second fixator are attracted to each other by the built-in magnets, so that the flexible material is wound and fixed on the stem of the plant.

9. The method for monitoring plant physiological states based on a flexible wearable sensor according to claim 8, characterized in that, The flexible material includes: an elastic conductive inner core and an elastic insulating outer sheath; the elastic insulating outer sheath is sleeved outside the elastic conductive inner core; The elastic conductive inner core is a silk-based conductive carbon fabric inner core; The elastic insulating outer sheath is a polydimethylsiloxane elastic insulating outer sheath or an aliphatic-aromatic random copolyester elastic insulating outer sheath.

10. A plant physiological state monitoring device based on a flexible wearable sensor, characterized in that, Applied to a plant physiological state monitoring system, the system includes: a flexible wearable stem diameter detection device and a monitoring terminal; the flexible wearable stem diameter detection device is arranged on the stem of the plant; the device includes: A data acquisition module, configured to obtain the stem diameter of the plant based on the flexible wearable stem diameter detection device; A plant physiological state monitoring module, configured to perform real-time plant physiological state monitoring based on the stem diameter of the plant; wherein, the plant physiological state monitoring includes at least one of the following: transpiration monitoring of the plant, cracking fruit monitoring of the plant, nutrient deficiency monitoring of the plant, waterlogging stress monitoring of the plant, and drought stress monitoring of the plant.

Images