Base station antenna, millimeter wave base station antenna and millimeter wave isolation structure

Abstract

The invention provides a millimeter wave antenna, a millimeter wave base station antenna and a millimeter wave isolation structure. The antenna comprises a parasitic radiation layer, a main radiation layer and a grounding layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, the parasitic patch on the parasitic radiation layer and the main radiation patch on the main radiation layer can respectively form resonance points and are coupled, so that the bandwidth expansion of the antenna is realized; the upper surface of the grounding layer is provided with a coupling structure, and the lower surface is provided with a feed structure. The feed structure and the coupling structure achieve a dual-polarization mode through two vertically-arranged microstrip gaps, feed signals can be transmitted and coupled to the main radiation layer more effectively, and the wide-beam antenna performance is achieved. Therefore, the antenna has good radiation efficiency in the frequency bands of N257, N258 and N261, and better meets the application requirements of 5G millimeter wave base station antennas. Meanwhile, excellent isolation performance is also realized; in addition, the base station antenna has the advantages of being simple in design and process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antennas, and particularly to base station antennas, millimeter-wave base station antennas, and millimeter-wave isolation structures. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of the fifth-generation mobile communication system (5G), the existing communication frequency bands below 6 GHz have become very crowded; while millimeter waves have short wavelengths and can have good propagation characteristics even under harsh antennas, making it a trend for future mobile communication development to utilize the wide spectrum resources of the millimeter-wave band.

[0003] Most of the existing 5G millimeter-wave base station antennas use magnetoelectric dipole antennas. The design of magnetoelectric dipole antennas is complex, the process requirements are relatively high, so the cost is also relatively high, and it is difficult to achieve a large-scale array structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide millimeter-wave antennas, millimeter-wave base station antennas, and millimeter-wave isolation structures, which have the antenna characteristics of dual polarization and high isolation, can improve the antenna performance, and at the same time have the advantages of simple structure and easy implementation.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, the first technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A base station antenna, comprising a parasitic radiation layer, a main radiation layer, and a grounding layer stacked in sequence from top to bottom;

[0007] The parasitic radiation layer is provided with parasitic patches; the main radiation layer is provided with main radiation patches; the parasitic patches and the main radiation patches are arranged corresponding to each other; the upper surface of the grounding layer is provided with a coupling structure, and the lower surface thereof is provided with a feeding structure corresponding to the coupling structure; the coupling structure includes two mutually perpendicular microstrip coupling slits; the feeding structure includes two mutually perpendicular microstrip feeding slits.

[0008] Optionally, it further includes a top layer stacked above the parasitic radiation layer; through holes are opened at positions corresponding to the parasitic patches on the top layer.

[0009] Optionally, the shape and size of the through holes are exactly the same as those of the parasitic patches.

[0010] Optionally, it further includes metal vias; the metal vias penetrate from the upper surface of the top layer to the upper surface of the grounding layer.

[0011] Optionally, the metal vias are arranged at the peripheral positions of the top layer, and the number is more than two.

[0012] Optionally, the parasitic patches and the main radiation patches are circular.

[0013] Optionally, the microstrip coupling slot is a U-shaped slot, an L-shaped slot, a V-shaped slot, or a double-U slot structure formed by two U-shaped slots back-to-back; the microstrip feeding slot is a U-shaped slot, an L-shaped slot, a V-shaped slot, or a double-U slot structure formed by two U-shaped slots back-to-back.

[0014] Optionally, the feeding structure further includes two microstrip transmission lines; the two microstrip transmission lines are respectively connected to the two microstrip feeding slots.

[0015] The second technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0016] A millimeter-wave base station antenna, including the above-mentioned base station antenna.

[0017] The third technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0018] A millimeter-wave isolation structure, including the above-mentioned millimeter-wave base station antenna.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: For the base station antenna provided by the present invention, the main radiation patch on the main radiation layer and the parasitic patch on the parasitic radiation layer can respectively form resonance points and couple, thereby realizing the expansion of the antenna bandwidth; the feeding structure and the coupling structure on the grounding layer are both realized by two vertically arranged microstrip slots to achieve a dual-polarization mode, and can receive and radiate signals simultaneously in two directions (horizontal and vertical directions), so that the feeding signal can be more effectively transmitted and coupled to the main radiation layer, realizing the performance of a wide-beam antenna. Therefore, the base station antenna provided by the present invention not only greatly expands the antenna bandwidth and has the performance of a wide-beam antenna, but also has the characteristics of simple design process; further, the millimeter-wave base station antenna realized based on the base station antenna will have good radiation efficiency in the N257, N258, and N261 frequency bands, and can better meet the application requirements of 5G millimeter-wave base station antennas; furthermore, the millimeter-wave isolation structure realized based on the millimeter-wave base station antenna can significantly improve the isolation performance. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the hierarchical structure of the base station antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a layout diagram of the parasitic radiation layer of the base station antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a layout diagram of the main radiation layer of the base station antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a layout diagram of the upper surface of the grounding layer of the base station antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the layout of the lower surface of the grounding layer of the base station antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the layout of the grounding layer of the base station antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the layout of the top layer of the base station antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the comparison of S1 parameter curves between the antenna structure with both the main radiation layer and the parasitic radiation layer described in the embodiment of the present invention and the antenna structure with only the parasitic radiation layer described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the comparison of S2 parameter curves between the antenna structure with both the main radiation layer and the parasitic radiation layer described in the embodiment of the present invention and the antenna structure with only the parasitic radiation layer described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the comparison of S1 parameter curves between the antenna structure with both the parasitic radiation layer and the metal via described in the embodiment of the present invention and the antenna structure with only the parasitic radiation layer described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the comparison of S2 parameter curves between the antenna structure with both the parasitic radiation layer and the metal via described in the embodiment of the present invention and the antenna structure with only the parasitic radiation layer described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the comparison of S1 parameter curves between the antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention and the antenna structure with only the main radiation layer in the prior art;

[0032] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the comparison of S2 parameter curves between the antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention and the antenna structure with only the main radiation layer in the prior art;

[0033] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the isolation degree curve of the millimeter-wave base station antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the cross polarization of the dual-port of the millimeter-wave base station antenna at 24 GHz provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the cross polarization of the dual-port of the millimeter-wave base station antenna at 25 GHz provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of cross polarization of a dual - port millimeter - wave base - station antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention at 26 GHz;

[0037] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of cross polarization of a dual - port millimeter - wave base - station antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention at 27 GHz;

[0038] Figure 19 Schematic diagram of cross polarization of a dual - port millimeter - wave base - station antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention at 28 GHz;

[0039] Figure 20 Schematic diagram of cross polarization of a dual - port millimeter - wave base - station antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention at 29 GHz;

[0040] Figure 21 Schematic diagram of the radiation efficiency curve of a millimeter - wave base - station antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Label description:

[0042] 1. Parasitic radiation layer; 2. Main radiation layer; 3. Ground layer; 4. Top layer; 5. Metal via hole;

[0043] 11. Parasitic patch;

[0044] 21. Main radiation patch;

[0045] 3 - 1. Upper surface of the ground layer; 3 - 2. Lower surface of the ground layer;

[0046] 31. Coupling structure; 311. Microstrip coupling slot;

[0047] 32. Feeding structure; 321. Microstrip feeding slot; 322. Microstrip transmission line;

[0048] 41. Through - hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0049] To describe in detail the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention, the following is described in conjunction with the implementation manners and accompanied by the drawings.

[0050] Embodiment 1

[0051] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 , this embodiment provides a base - station antenna. As Figure 1 shown, the base - station antenna of this embodiment includes a parasitic radiation layer 1, a main radiation layer 2, and a ground layer 3 stacked in sequence from top to bottom; each layer has a dielectric substrate to provide stable support.

[0052] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, for the parasitic radiation layer 1, a parasitic patch 11 is provided on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, which is mainly used to enhance the signal.

[0053] As Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, for the main radiation layer 2, a main radiation patch 21 is provided on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate. Here, the main radiation patch serves as a radiation source and can directly couple with the parasitic patch 11 to form the basic radiation field of the base station antenna and generate a radiation signal.

[0054] As Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, for the grounding layer 3, also known as the feed network layer, a coupling structure 31 is provided on the upper surface of its dielectric substrate, that is, the upper surface 3-1 of the grounding layer, and a feed structure 32 corresponding to the coupling structure 31 is provided on the lower surface, that is, the lower surface 3-2 of the grounding layer, that is Figure 6 the green line structure in; the coupling structure 31 includes two mutually perpendicular microstrip coupling slits 311; the feed structure 32 includes two mutually perpendicular microstrip feed slits 321. Here, the grounding layer 3 is used to couple the feed signal to the main radiation patch 21 through the slits. Thus, the coupling structure determines the energy transmission efficiency (speed and effectiveness). In particular, both the coupling structure 31 and the feed structure 32 are implemented using waveguide microstrip slits with a vertical layout design, which can achieve dual polarization in their respective planes, that is, can receive and radiate signals in two directions (vertical and horizontal) simultaneously, so that the feed signal can be more effectively transmitted to the radiation layer for coupling, realizing the performance of a wide-beam antenna.

[0055] For the base station antenna provided in this embodiment, through the main radiation patch on the main radiation layer, a resonance point can be formed in a lower frequency band, and can act together with the radiation patches of other layers to generate a wider radiation beam while ensuring the bandwidth of the antenna; through the parasitic patch on the parasitic radiation layer, a second resonance point can be formed in a higher frequency band, playing a guiding role, and coupling with the main radiation patch located in the lower layer to further enhance the expandability of the beam. It can be seen that for the base station antenna provided in this embodiment, through the multi-layer radiation structure design, not only can multiple resonance points of different frequencies be formed at different levels, and multiple resonance modes interact with each other to generate an expanded beam pattern, improving the bandwidth; but also a coupling effect can be generated to further enhance the expandability of the beam; thus greatly expanding the bandwidth of the base station antenna and realizing the performance of a wide-beam antenna for the base station antenna.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9, it can be seen that the base station antenna structure with both the main radiation layer and the parasitic radiation layer described in this embodiment will have a wider bandwidth and better return loss compared to the antenna structure with only the parasitic radiation layer described in the embodiment of the present invention. That is, the coupling effect between the main radiation layer and the parasitic radiation layer described in this embodiment can bring a wider bandwidth and better return loss.

[0057] In some specific embodiments of this embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the main radiation patch 21 on the main radiation layer 2 and the parasitic patch 11 on the parasitic radiation layer 1 correspond to each other in position and are both circular radiation patches. The circular radiation patch can provide a relatively uniform radiation pattern. Compared with other shapes, the circle can maintain symmetry in all directions, so as to ensure that the radiation beam of the radiation patch is more uniform and stable, and further realize the wide-beam performance of the antenna. Preferably, the main radiation patch on the main radiation layer and the parasitic patch on the parasitic radiation layer are located at the center of the laminated structure, so that the radiation energy can be evenly distributed to the surrounding area, avoiding a beam with too strong directivity.

[0058] In some other specific embodiments of this embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 7 shown, the base station antenna further includes a top layer 4; the top layer 4 is located above the parasitic radiation layer 1; a through hole 41 is opened on the top layer 4 at a position corresponding to the parasitic patch 11. The setting of the through hole 41 on the top layer 4 is used to expose the parasitic patch 11 on the parasitic radiation layer 1 to achieve the effect of broadening the beam.

[0059] Specifically, the through hole 41 is also called the top parasitic patch, which can reduce the loss of the parasitic patch 11 on the parasitic radiation layer 1, thereby further expanding the operating frequency of the antenna. Preferably, the shape and size of the through hole are exactly the same as those of the parasitic patch. That is, the through hole on the top layer can completely expose the parasitic patch, so as to minimize the loss of the parasitic patch and maximize the broadening of the radiation beam of the parasitic patch.

[0060] The base station antenna provided in this embodiment has a grounding layer that can more effectively couple and transfer the feeding signal to the radiation patch through the coupling path provided by the vertical microstrip slot structure. Specifically, the feeding structure located on the lower surface of the grounding layer is composed of two mutually perpendicular microstrip feeding slots, which can achieve dual-polarization mode feeding and signal transmission on the lower surface of the grounding layer to more effectively transmit the feeding signal to the upper surface of the grounding layer; the coupling structure located on the upper surface of the grounding layer is composed of two mutually perpendicular microstrip coupling slots, which can also achieve dual-polarization mode on the upper surface of the grounding layer to more effectively couple and transmit the feeding signal to the radiation patch on its upper layer; in addition, the coupling structure and the feeding structure located on the upper and lower surfaces of the grounding layer respectively correspond in the stacking direction to ensure that the energy transfer from the feeding signal to the main radiation patch is unobstructed. Thus, an electromagnetic propagation channel formed by the vertical microstrip slot structure is utilized to more effectively couple the energy of the feeder line with the main radiation patch in two dual-polarization modes, achieving the effect of wide-beam antenna performance; in addition, the impedance matching design of the vertical microstrip slot structure can also provide a lower input reflection loss and improve the operating frequency and bandwidth of the antenna.

[0061] In some specific embodiments of this embodiment, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, a single microstrip coupling slot 311 can be a U-shaped slot, an L-shaped slot, a V-shaped slot, or a double-U slot structure formed by two U-shaped slots back to back; correspondingly, a single microstrip feeding slot 321 can also be a U-shaped slot, an L-shaped slot, a V-shaped slot, or a double-U slot structure formed by two U-shaped slots back to back.

[0062] It should be noted that although the specific shape, size, and arrangement of the microstrip slots will result in differences in the resonant frequency, coupling efficiency, and bandwidth performance of the formed vertical microstrip slot structure. However, as long as it is ensured that the two microstrip slots of the coupling structure and the feeding structure are mutually perpendicular, and at the same time, the coupling structure and the feeding structure are in a corresponding layout design premise in the stacking direction, it can bring a wider beam and bandwidth compared to the base station antenna in the prior art. Therefore, this embodiment will not limit the specific shape, size, and arrangement orientation of the microstrip slots.

[0063] In some preferred embodiments of this embodiment, a single microstrip coupling slot 311 is a U-shaped or double-U slot structure; more preferably, a single microstrip feeder slot 321 is also a U-shaped or double-U slot structure. Such as Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, as a preferred example, both of the two microstrip coupling slots 311 of the coupling structure are double-U slot structures, and the openings of the double-U are of different sizes; the U with the larger opening in the other double-U slot structure is perpendicular to the opening direction of the other U, that is, they differ by 90 degrees; the opening direction of the U in the double-U slot structure preferably corresponds to the diagonal of the plane where it is located (i.e., the ground layer medium). As Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, as another preferred example, both of the two microstrip feeding slots 321 of the feeding structure are U-shaped, and the openings of the two Us are perpendicular to each other in the opening direction, and the opening direction of the U preferably corresponds to the diagonal of the plane where it is located (i.e., the ground layer medium).

[0064] In some specific embodiments of this embodiment, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, the feeding structure 32 further includes two microstrip transmission lines 322 corresponding to the two microstrip feeding slots 321 respectively; one end of each microstrip transmission line 322 is connected to a feeding port (i.e., a feeding wire, not shown in the figure), and the other end is connected to the microstrip feeding slot 321 to transmit the feeding signal from the feeding port to the microstrip feeding slot. Preferably, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, the microstrip transmission line is in a zigzag shape, which can avoid possible losses compared with straight-line transmission; especially in long-distance transmission, the zigzag structure of this specific embodiment can effectively disperse the influence of the equivalent resistance and capacitance of the transmission line; at the same time, compared with the straight-line transmission line, the design of the zigzag transmission line can better adapt to the limited space requirements, be arranged more flexibly, avoid wasting space, and is more suitable for a compact design structure.

[0065] The base station antenna provided by this embodiment, as Figure 1 、 Figures 2 to 4 shown, further includes a metal via 5, and the metal via 5 penetrates from the upper surface of the top layer 4 to the upper surface of the ground layer 3. The metal via, as a connection structure, is used to connect the intermediate floor structure (from the parasitic radiation layer to the upper surface of the ground layer) and the through hole on the top layer (i.e., the circular parasitic patch) to improve the impedance bandwidth of the antenna.

[0066] In some specific embodiments of this embodiment, as Figure 1 、 Figures 2 to 4 shown, the metal via 5 is arranged at the peripheral position of the top layer 4, and the number is more than two. Preferably, the number of metal vias is 4, which are respectively located at the four corners of the hierarchical structure. The four metal vias located at the four corners of the antenna hierarchical structure can connect the intermediate floor structure and the circular parasitic patch on the top layer to form an electrical path, serving as the ground reference of the antenna, helping the signal to be transmitted better, and at the same time optimizing the antenna impedance bandwidth, thereby improving the performance of the antenna.

[0067] As can be seen, the base station antenna provided in this embodiment adopts a combined design of a multi-layer circular patch structure + a vertical microstrip slot structure. Optimally, it is composed of four dielectric substrates stacked in sequence to form a top layer, a parasitic radiation layer, a main radiation layer, and a ground layer; in the ground layer, two vertical waveguide microstrip slots are respectively formed on its upper and lower surfaces to form two dual-polarization signal transmission modes, so as to more effectively couple the feeding signal to the main radiation patch; in the parasitic radiation layer and the main radiation layer, resonance points of different frequency bands are respectively introduced, and through the coupling between the main radiation patch and the parasitic radiation patch, the broadband expansion of the antenna and the performance of the wide-beam antenna are realized; in the top layer, the parasitic patches on the parasitic radiation layer are exposed through via holes to reduce patch loss and further broaden the beam; at the four corners of the hierarchical structure, metal vias penetrating from the top layer to the upper surface of the ground layer are respectively designed to improve the impedance bandwidth of the antenna. The above structure will ultimately be able to effectively and maximally expand the bandwidth and beam performance of the base station antenna, thereby significantly improving the antenna performance; thus, the base station antenna of this embodiment will be able to achieve full coverage in the N257, N258, and N261 frequency bands and can well meet the application requirements of 5G millimeter-wave base station antennas in the N257, N258, and N261 frequency bands. In particular, the base station antenna of this embodiment also has the characteristics of simple design, simple process requirements (especially the separation of the feeding and radiation patches is easier to process), and lower cost, so it can achieve extremely stable base station antenna performance with a very small form factor and has great potential for application in MIMO array 5G millimeter-wave base station antennas.

[0068] Embodiment 2

[0069] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 , this embodiment provides a preferred specific implementation manner based on the above embodiment:

[0070] The base station antenna of this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, includes a top layer 4, a parasitic radiation layer 1, a main radiation layer 2, and a ground layer 3 stacked in sequence from top to bottom. Each layer uses a Rogers4350b dielectric board as the dielectric substrate; the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is selected as 3.66, and the loss tangent value is 0.0037.

[0071] As Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, the ground layer 3 located at the bottommost layer has a feeding structure 32 at the middle position of its lower surface, which is specifically composed of two U-shaped microstrip feeding slots 321 and two folded microstrip transmission lines 322; the two U-shaped microstrip feeding slots 321 are perpendicular to each other; the opening directions of the two U's are perpendicular to each other, and the opening directions of the U's are preferably corresponding to the diagonal of the ground layer; one end of each of the two folded microstrip transmission lines 322 is connected to the U-shaped microstrip feeding slot 321, and the other end is connected to the feeding port. AsFigure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 , a coupling structure 31 is provided at the middle position of the upper surface of the ground layer 3, which is specifically composed of two microstrip coupling slits 311 of double-U slit structures; the opening sizes of the double-U in the double-U slit structure are different, and the U with the larger opening in one double-U slit structure is perpendicular to the U with the larger opening in the other double-U slit structure in the opening direction, that is, they differ by 90 degrees; the U with the larger opening in one double-U slit structure corresponds to the other double-U slit structure; at the same time, the opening direction of the U in the double-U slit structure is preferably corresponding to the diagonal of the ground layer.

[0072] A circular main radiation patch 21 is provided at the middle position of the main radiation layer 2 above the ground layer 3.

[0073] At the middle position of the parasitic radiation layer 1 above the main radiation layer 21, a circular parasitic patch 11 that is exactly the same size and position as the main radiation patch 21 is provided.

[0074] At the middle position of the top layer 4, a circular through hole 41 is provided. The size and position of this through hole correspond exactly to the circular parasitic patch on the parasitic radiation layer, and can expose the parasitic patch on the parasitic radiation layer.

[0075] In addition, at the four corner positions of the hierarchical structure, metal vias 5 are provided that penetrate from the top layer 4 to the upper surface of the ground layer 4.

[0076] For the base station antenna provided in this embodiment, two dual-polarization signal transmission modes are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the ground layer respectively through two vertical U-shaped waveguide microstrip slits, so as to more effectively couple the feeding signal to the main radiation patch; different frequency band resonance points are introduced in the parasitic radiation layer and the main radiation layer respectively to realize the expansion of the antenna bandwidth; a circular parasitic patch is set on the top layer to improve the impedance bandwidth of the antenna; four metal vias are introduced at the four corners of the hierarchical structure to connect the middle floor structure (from the parasitic radiation layer to the upper surface of the ground layer) and the circular parasitic patch on the top layer, so as to improve the impedance bandwidth of the antenna. Finally, it effectively and maximally expands the bandwidth and beam performance of the base station antenna, thereby significantly improving the antenna performance.

[0077] Please refer to Figures 10 to 12 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 It can be seen that for the base station antenna structure provided in this embodiment, the metal via design and the parasitic radiation patch can be equivalently regarded as inductors synchronously. Compared with the antenna structure without the metal via design, it can better match the antenna impedance and make the antenna impedance bandwidth further wider.

[0078] From Figure 12 and Figure 13It can be seen that, compared with the base station antenna structure with only a main radiation layer in the prior art, the base station antenna structure provided in this embodiment has S parameters that can cover a wider communication frequency band and a deeper return loss, thereby achieving a better impedance bandwidth.

[0079] As can be seen from the above, the base station antenna structure provided in this embodiment will be able to achieve full coverage in the N257, N258, and N261 frequency bands, and can well meet the application requirements of 5G millimeter-wave base station antennas in the N257, N258, and N261 frequency bands. In particular, the base station antenna of this embodiment also has the characteristics of simple design, simple process requirements, and lower cost, and can achieve extremely stable base station antenna performance with a very small form factor, and has great potential for application in MIMO array 5G millimeter-wave base station antennas.

[0080] Embodiment Three

[0081] This embodiment is further expanded based on any of the above embodiments to provide a millimeter-wave base station antenna.

[0082] The millimeter-wave base station antenna of this embodiment includes the base station antenna described in any of the above embodiments. The specific structure of the base station antenna will not be elaborated here. For details, please refer to the descriptions of Embodiment One and Embodiment Two.

[0083] The millimeter-wave base station antenna of this embodiment adopts a vertical feeding structure, which can effectively increase the antenna isolation. In particular, the millimeter-wave base station antenna of this embodiment is a 5G millimeter-wave base station antenna.

[0084] Please refer to Figures 14 to 21 . From Figure 14 It can be seen that for the millimeter-wave base station antenna provided in this embodiment, its isolation in the N257, N258, and N261 operating frequency bands is all below -20 dB, and it has good isolation performance.

[0085] From Figures 15 to 20 It can be seen that for the millimeter-wave base station antenna provided in this embodiment, its cross polarization of the dual ports has a wide beam scanning angle in the 24 GHz, 25 GHz, 26 GHz, 27 GHz, 28 GHz, and 29 GHz operating frequency bands, and the cross polarization of the dual ports is greater than -30 dB when (Phi = 0°). Therefore, the millimeter-wave base station antenna provided in this embodiment can be used as a 5G millimeter-wave base station antenna and can achieve wide-angle beam scanning.

[0086] From Figure 21It can be seen that the millimeter-wave base station antenna provided in this embodiment has good radiation efficiency in the communication at the N257, N258, and N261 operating frequency bands, all of which can reach more than 90%. Therefore, the millimeter-wave base station antenna provided in this embodiment will be able to achieve extremely stable base station antenna performance with a very small outer contour, thus having great potential for application in the MIMO array 5G millimeter-wave base station antenna.

[0087] As can be seen from the above, the millimeter-wave base station antenna provided in this embodiment can achieve full coverage in the N257, N258, and N261 frequency bands, and can well meet the communication requirements of the 5G millimeter-wave base station antenna in the N257, N258, and N261 frequency bands; it also has the characteristics of simple design, simple process requirements, and lower cost, and can achieve extremely stable base station antenna performance with a very small outer contour.

[0088] Embodiment 4

[0089] This embodiment is a further expansion based on Embodiment 3, and provides a millimeter-wave isolation structure.

[0090] The millimeter-wave isolation structure of this embodiment includes the millimeter-wave base station antenna described in Embodiment 3 above. That is, wireless millimeter-wave isolation transmission is realized based on the millimeter-wave base station antenna described in Embodiment 3 above.

[0091] The specific structure of the millimeter-wave base station antenna will not be elaborated here. For details, please refer to the descriptions in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2.

[0092] As can be seen from Embodiment 3, the millimeter-wave base station antenna adopted by the millimeter-wave isolation structure provided in this embodiment has good isolation performance and good radiation efficiency at the N257, N258, and N261 operating frequency bands, and can also achieve wide-angle beam scanning. Therefore, the millimeter-wave isolation structure of this embodiment will be able to achieve high-isolation communication at the N257, N258, and N261 operating frequency bands, and can significantly improve the isolation performance.

[0093] In summary, the millimeter-wave antenna, millimeter-wave base station antenna, and millimeter-wave isolation structure provided by the present invention can have antenna characteristics of dual polarization, wide beam, better bandwidth, and high isolation at the N257, N258, and N261 operating frequency bands; they also have the characteristics of simple design, simple process requirements, and lower cost, and can achieve extremely stable base station antenna performance with a very small outer contour, having great potential for application in the MIMO array 5G millimeter-wave base station antenna; further, the millimeter-wave isolation structure realized based on the millimeter-wave base station antenna can significantly improve the isolation performance.

[0094] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and thus do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in the relevant technical fields, shall similarly be included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Base station antenna, characterized in that, It includes a parasitic radiation layer, a main radiation layer, and a ground layer that are stacked in sequence from top to bottom; Parasitic patches are provided on the parasitic radiation layer; main radiation patches are provided on the main radiation layer; the parasitic patches and the main radiation patches are arranged corresponding to each other; a coupling structure is provided on the upper surface of the ground layer, and a feeding structure corresponding to the coupling structure is provided on its lower surface; the coupling structure includes two mutually perpendicular microstrip coupling slits; the feeding structure includes two mutually perpendicular microstrip feeding slits.

2. The base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein It further includes a top layer stacked above the parasitic radiation layer; through holes are formed in the top layer at positions corresponding to the parasitic patches.

3. The base station antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shape and size of the through holes are exactly the same as the shape and size of the parasitic patches.

4. The base station antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, It further includes metal vias; the metal vias penetrate from the upper surface of the top layer to the upper surface of the ground layer.

5. The base station antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The metal vias are provided at the peripheral positions of the top layer, and the number is more than two.

6. The base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The parasitic patches and the main radiation patches are circular.

7. The base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microstrip coupling slits are U-shaped slits, L-shaped slits, V-shaped slits, or a double-U slit structure formed by two U-shaped slits back to back; the microstrip feeding slits are U-shaped slits, L-shaped slits, V-shaped slits, or a double-U slit structure formed by two U-shaped slits back to back.

8. The base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding structure further includes two microstrip transmission lines; the two microstrip transmission lines are respectively connected to the two microstrip feeding slits.

9. Millimeter wave base station antenna, characterized in that It includes the base station antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8 above.

10. Millimeter-wave isolation structure, characterized in that It includes the millimeter-wave base station antenna according to claim 9.

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