Light storage and charging integrated unmanned aerial vehicle nest and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a light storage and charging integrated unmanned aerial vehicle nest and a control method thereof. The invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and solves the problems of low working efficiency and limited deployment caused by single energy supply mode and insufficient environmental adaptability of an existing unmanned aerial vehicle nest. The light storage and charging integrated unmanned aerial vehicle nest comprises an environment sensing system, an automatic cabin door system, a take-off and landing system, a control system, a photovoltaic power generation system, an energy storage system and a charging system. The charging system comprises an automatic charging module and an uninterruptible power supply. The photovoltaic power generation system is utilized to provide green electric energy for the unmanned aerial vehicle nest by integrating the light storage and charging integrated energy unit, so that the dependence on the traditional mains supply is reduced, and the carbon emission is reduced; through cooperative control of the environment sensing system, the automatic cabin door and the take-off and landing system, safe take-off and landing and energy supply of the unmanned aerial vehicle in a complex environment are achieved, and the deployment problem in a remote area or a scene with insufficient power grid coverage is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and particularly to an integrated unmanned aerial vehicle nest integrating photovoltaics, energy storage, and charging, and a control method therefor. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicle technology, the unmanned aerial vehicle nest, as its supporting infrastructure, plays an important role in fields such as power line inspection and logistics distribution. Traditional unmanned aerial vehicle nests usually have functions of charging, parking, and mission scheduling, but their energy supply mostly relies on mains power, resulting in poor adaptability to geographical environments and high carbon emissions. At the same time, the integrated photovoltaics, energy storage, and charging technology, as a green energy solution, has been widely applied in fields such as distributed photovoltaic power stations and power supply in remote areas. It realizes the efficient utilization of clean energy by integrating photovoltaic power generation, energy storage systems, and intelligent charging management. However, in the prior art, the integration of the photovoltaics, energy storage, and charging system with the unmanned aerial vehicle nest is not yet mature, especially lacking customized designs for the unmanned aerial vehicle operation scenarios.

[0003] The current energy supply methods of unmanned aerial vehicle nests have significant drawbacks: in remote areas or scenarios lacking a stable power grid, relying on mains power requires long-distance cable laying, resulting in high construction costs and insufficient flexibility; in addition, traditional charging methods are difficult to adapt to complex outdoor environments, and the battery charge and discharge management lacks in-depth coordination with the energy system, easily causing a decline in battery health and safety hazards. These deficiencies seriously restrict the continuous operation ability of unmanned aerial vehicles in areas without power grid coverage and limit the expansion of their application scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated unmanned aerial vehicle nest integrating photovoltaics, energy storage, and charging, and a control method therefor, so as to solve the problems of low work efficiency and limited deployment caused by the single energy supply method and insufficient environmental adaptability of existing unmanned aerial vehicle nests.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an integrated unmanned aerial vehicle nest integrating photovoltaics, energy storage, and charging, including:

[0006] An environmental perception system configured to monitor the internal and external environmental parameters and obstacle information of the nest in real time. The environmental parameters include at least one of temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed, and wind direction, and the environmental perception system integrates at least one of a lidar, a millimeter-wave radar, an ultrasonic sensor, and a camera, and is used to detect obstacles around the nest and send an alarm to the control system or adjust the flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle;

[0007] An automatic hatch system driven by a motor to open and close the hatch and linked with the control system, configured to monitor the hatch state in real time according to a preset logic and sensor feedback, prevent rain or dust from entering the nest, and the opening and closing position of the hatch is dynamically regulated by the control system;

[0008] The takeoff and landing system includes a positioning and navigation module, a vision guidance module, and a mechanical assisted takeoff and landing platform, which is used to support the weight of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and guide it to accurately land at a specified position inside the nest. The mechanical assisted takeoff and landing platform can adjust the plane height and angle to adapt to the takeoff and landing attitude of the UAV.

[0009] The control system is communicatively connected to the environmental perception system, the automatic door system, and the takeoff and landing system, and is configured to monitor the operating status of each unit inside the nest, dispatch energy storage resources, receive the homing signal of the UAV, and control the opening and closing of the door, and integrate functions such as energy statistical analysis, event alarm, and battery status monitoring.

[0010] The photovoltaic power generation system includes solar photovoltaic panels, which are used to convert solar energy into direct current and directly supply power through an inverter or deliver electrical energy to the energy storage system.

[0011] The energy storage system is connected to the photovoltaic power generation system, stores electrical energy using lithium-ion batteries, and provides continuous power for the nest load when the photovoltaic power generation is insufficient.

[0012] The charging system includes an automatic charging module and an uninterruptible power supply. The automatic charging module matches the charging parameters according to the battery type and power status of the UAV, supports wireless or wired charging interfaces, and the uninterruptible power supply provides stable power supply for the control system and the environmental perception system.

[0013] Further, the environmental perception system further includes a smoke sensor, which is used to detect the smoke concentration inside the nest, and triggers a ventilation device or sends an alarm to maintenance personnel when the concentration exceeds a threshold.

[0014] Further, the automatic door system feeds back the opening and closing status of the door to the control system in real time through a proximity sensor and a position sensor, and the door opening and closing logic includes opening the door in advance according to the homing signal of the UAV and automatically closing it after the UAV lands.

[0015] Further, the vision guidance module of the takeoff and landing system captures the landing attitude of the UAV in real time through image recognition technology, and cooperates with the mechanical assisted takeoff and landing platform to adjust the plane levelness to ensure landing stability.

[0016] Further, the control system is integrated with the battery management system or the energy management system of the energy storage system, dynamically optimizes the charging resource allocation, and triggers a charging protection mechanism according to the battery health status of the UAV.

[0017] Further, the automatic charging module of the charging system is configured to: when the power of the UAV is lower than a set threshold, receive the battery type information through wireless communication and automatically match the charging voltage and current parameters.

[0018] Further, the charging system further includes a robotic arm device for automatically replacing the battery of the drone with a detachable battery.

[0019] Further, the drone nest is integrated with the prefabricated cabin of the external optical storage power station, sharing the energy storage converter and the energy management equipment.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a control method for an integrated optical storage charging integrated drone nest, including:

[0021] Step 1: The control system of the drone nest sends task instructions to the drone through wireless communication technology and receives the positioning information and flight status data returned by the drone. The wireless communication technology includes at least one of Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or 4G / 5G;

[0022] Step 2: Start the built-in fault diagnosis system of the drone nest to detect the operating status of each subsystem in the nest. If a fault is detected, automatically execute fault handling operations, including restarting the faulty component or switching to a standby device, and at the same time send the fault information to the remote operator;

[0023] Step 3: Real-time collect the internal and external environmental parameters of the nest through the environmental perception system, including temperature, humidity, air pressure, and obstacle information. When the environmental parameters exceed the working threshold of the drone, the control system starts the heat dissipation system or dehumidification equipment to adjust the internal environment of the nest, or adjusts the flight path of the drone to avoid obstacles;

[0024] Step 4: The charging system is integrated with the battery management system or the energy management system of the energy storage system to real-time monitor the power of the drone. When the power is lower than the set threshold, trigger the automatic charging process, automatically match the charging parameters according to the drone battery type, and charge through wireless or wired charging interfaces;

[0025] Step 5: The automatic hatch system dynamically controls the opening and closing of the hatch according to the real-time flight distance and attitude of the drone, ensuring that the hatch opens in advance when the drone takes off or returns, and automatically closes after landing;

[0026] Step 6: Plan an accurate takeoff and landing route for the drone through the positioning and navigation module of the takeoff and landing system, and adjust the height and angle of the mechanical assisted takeoff and landing platform to adapt to the landing attitude of the drone, ensuring the stability of the takeoff and landing process;

[0027] Step 7: The drone flight control system executes the task instructions and real-time transmits the collected sensor data, flight status, and battery information back to the control system. The control system screens, classifies, or extracts features from the data and then uploads it to the cloud server or the superior control station for remote monitoring and analysis;

[0028] Among them, Step 3 and Step 4 are executed synchronously, and the charging process is triggered immediately when the power of the drone is detected to be insufficient; and the opening and closing of the hatch in Step 5 need to meet the environmental conditions of Step 3 and the charging requirements of Step 4 simultaneously.

[0029] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: By integrating a photovoltaic energy storage and charging integrated energy unit, the present invention uses a photovoltaic power generation system to provide green electric energy for the drone nest, reducing the dependence on traditional mains electricity and reducing carbon emissions; through the coordinated control of the environmental perception system, the automatic hatch, and the takeoff and landing system, the safe takeoff and landing and energy supply of the drone in a complex environment are realized, solving the deployment problem in remote areas or scenarios with insufficient power grid coverage. The charging system combines with the battery management system to dynamically optimize the charging parameters, improving the charging efficiency and extending the battery life. At the same time, it supports the automatic replacement of the battery by the robotic arm to ensure the uninterrupted execution of the drone mission. The control system significantly improves the operation reliability and response speed through functions such as fault self-diagnosis, environmental parameter adjustment, and multi-aircraft collaborative scheduling. In addition, the integrated design of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging and the integration ability with the external power station reduce the hardware deployment cost, providing an efficient and environmentally friendly solution for the large-scale application of drones in fields such as power inspection and logistics distribution. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of a drone nest integrating photovoltaic energy storage and charging provided by the present invention.

[0032] Illustration: 1 - Drone nest; 2 - Environmental perception system; 3 - Automatic hatch system; 4 - Takeoff and landing system; 5 - Control system; 6 - Photovoltaic power generation system; 7 - Energy storage system; 8 - Charging system; 9 - Automatic charging module; 10 - Uninterruptible power supply; 11 - Photovoltaic energy storage and charging integrated system. Detailed Embodiments

[0033] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments and corresponding drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. The following will describe in detail the technical solutions provided by each embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1, An integrated drone hangar 1 integrating photovoltaics, energy storage, and charging provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes an environmental perception system 2, an automatic hatch system 3, a takeoff and landing system 4, a control system 5, a photovoltaic power generation system 6, an energy storage system 7, and a charging system 8.

[0035] The environmental perception system 2 is configured to monitor the internal and external environmental parameters and obstacle information of the hangar in real time. The environmental parameters include at least one of temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed, and wind direction. And the environmental perception system integrates at least one of lidar, millimeter-wave radar, ultrasonic sensors, and cameras, which is used to detect obstacles around the hangar and send an alarm to the control system or adjust the flight path of the drone. By working together with multiple sensors, the environmental perception system can identify obstacles under different environmental conditions. For example, lidar provides reliable three-dimensional environmental data in rainy and foggy weather, and cameras assist in visual verification when there is sufficient light to ensure the safety of the drone takeoff and landing path.

[0036] The automatic hatch system 3 drives the hatch to open and close through a motor and is linked with the control system. It is configured to monitor the hatch state in real time according to the preset logic and sensor feedback to prevent rain or dust from entering the hangar, and the opening and closing position of the hatch is dynamically regulated by the control system. The automatic hatch system obtains the hatch position information in real time through sensors to ensure that the hatch opens in advance when the drone returns and closes after landing, reducing the impact of the external environment on the internal equipment of the hangar. For example, when the drone approaches the hangar, the control system controls the hatch to open according to its positioning information, avoiding the drone hovering and waiting.

[0037] The takeoff and landing system 4 includes a positioning and navigation module, a vision guidance module, and a mechanical assisted takeoff and landing platform, which is used to support the weight of the drone and guide it to accurately land at a designated position inside the hangar. The mechanical assisted takeoff and landing platform can adjust the plane height and angle to adapt to the takeoff and landing attitude of the drone. The positioning and navigation module plans the optimal flight path for the drone. The vision guidance module captures the landing attitude of the drone through a camera, and the mechanical assisted platform dynamically adjusts the takeoff and landing plane to ensure the stable landing of the drone in complex terrains. For example, in a slope terrain, the mechanical platform adjusts the plane angle to compensate for the ground inclination, enabling the drone to take off and land horizontally.

[0038] The control system 5 is communicatively connected to the environmental perception system 2, the automatic hatch system 3, and the takeoff and landing system 4. It is configured to monitor the operating status of each unit inside the hangar, dispatch energy storage resources, receive the drone's homing signal, and control the opening and closing of the hatch, and integrates functions such as energy statistics and analysis, event warning, and battery status monitoring. The control system dynamically allocates energy according to the photovoltaic power generation and the remaining power of the energy storage system, preferentially supplying power to critical tasks, while monitoring the health status of the drone battery to avoid overcharging or over-discharging.

[0039] The photovoltaic power generation system 6 includes solar photovoltaic panels, which are used to convert solar energy into direct current and directly supply power or transmit electrical energy to the energy storage system through an inverter. The photovoltaic power generation system supplies power to the nest load when the light is sufficient and stores the excess electrical energy in the energy storage system. At night or in rainy weather, it relies on the energy storage system to maintain power supply.

[0040] The energy storage system 7 is connected to the photovoltaic power generation system 6, uses lithium-ion batteries to store electrical energy, and provides continuous power to the nest load when the photovoltaic power generation is insufficient. The energy storage system monitors the battery status in real time through the battery management system to ensure safe charging and discharging.

[0041] The charging system 8 includes an automatic charging module 9 and an uninterruptible power supply 10. The automatic charging module matches the charging parameters according to the type and power status of the UAV battery, supports wireless or wired charging interfaces, and the uninterruptible power supply provides stable power supply for the control system and the environment perception system. The automatic charging module obtains the UAV battery information through wireless communication and adjusts the charging parameters. For example, it matches a constant current-constant voltage charging strategy for lithium batteries to extend the battery life.

[0042] In this embodiment, the environment perception system further includes a smoke sensor, which is used to detect the smoke concentration inside the nest. When the concentration exceeds the threshold, it triggers the ventilation equipment or sends an alarm to the maintenance personnel. The smoke sensor is linked with the ventilation system to timely discharge harmful gases and ensure the safety inside the nest. The automatic hatch system feeds back the opening and closing status of the hatch to the control system in real time through proximity sensors and position sensors, and the hatch opening and closing logic includes opening the hatch in advance according to the UAV homing signal and automatically closing it after the UAV lands. The proximity sensor detects the distance of the UAV, and the position sensor records the movement trajectory of the hatch to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the hatch opening and closing process.

[0043] The visual guidance module of the takeoff and landing system captures the landing attitude of the UAV in real time through image recognition technology and cooperates with the mechanical assisted takeoff and landing platform to adjust the plane levelness to ensure landing stability. The visual guidance module identifies the position deviation of the UAV through image processing algorithms, and the mechanical platform dynamically compensates for the deviation to stabilize the landing. The control system is integrated with the battery management system (BMS) or the energy management system (EMS) of the energy storage system, dynamically optimizes the charging resource allocation, and triggers a charging protection mechanism according to the health status of the UAV battery. For example, for an aging battery, the control system reduces the charging current to avoid accelerating decay.

[0044] The automatic charging module of the charging system is configured to: when the power of the drone is lower than the set threshold, receive battery type information through wireless communication and automatically match the charging voltage and current parameters. The charging module supports multiple charging protocols and adapts to the battery requirements of different drone models. The charging system also includes a robotic arm device for automatically replacing the battery of the drone with a detachable battery. The robotic arm grabs and replaces the battery through a visual positioning system, shortening the mission interval time. The drone nest is integrated with the prefabricated cabin of the external photovoltaic energy storage power station, sharing the energy storage converter and energy management equipment. Through standardized interfaces, the drone nest can directly utilize the energy storage resources of the external power station, reducing the cost of independent deployment.

[0045] If in the application scenarios of photovoltaic power stations or industrial parks, the control system 5, photovoltaic power generation system 6, charging system 8, automatic charging module 9, and uninterruptible power supply 10 of the drone nest can be integrated into the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system 11 in the photovoltaic power station. This can save site and equipment hardware costs. For example, the drone nest 1 can utilize the energy storage converter of the power station to assist in realizing the automatic charging module 9 in the charging system 8 in the drone nest during the charging and discharging process of the control of the storage battery.

[0046] The control system 5 can automatically inspect the drone at preset time intervals or task times, including checking whether the fuselage structure is loose, whether the components are worn, whether the sensors are working properly, etc. Fault diagnosis and early warning: Through the real-time monitoring and analysis of various parameters of the drone, the drone nest can timely detect potential fault hazards and send early warning information to the operator to remind timely maintenance and repair. The control system 5 can be integrated with the BMS or EMS of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system of the power station.

[0047] The present invention can provide new energy green power for the drone by combining the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system, dynamically allocate charging resources through BMS or EMS. Since the BMS or EMS communication module provides multiple communication methods including Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Ethernet, and CAN bus, this enables the system to communicate with the drone flexibly wirelessly or wiredly, supporting remote monitoring, data upload and download, and sending of charging control instructions. It realizes energy conservation and environmental protection while improving efficiency.

[0048] Through the automatic hatch system and the takeoff and landing system, the present invention can quickly respond to the homing and takeoff commands of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), realizing the automatic opening and closing of the hatch without manual intervention, greatly shortening the turnover time of the UAV and improving the operation efficiency. For example, in the logistics distribution scenario, where the UAV takes off and lands frequently, the automatic hatch system can ensure the quick entry and exit of the UAV from the nest, improving the distribution efficiency. Through the collaborative work of environmental perception systems such as multiple sensors, the safety can be enhanced and complex environments can be adapted. In case of anomalies, safety measures can be taken in a timely manner to ensure the safety of the UAV and the nest equipment. For instance, under adverse weather conditions, when the environmental perception system anticipates wind and rain, it can cooperate with the automatic hatch system and the takeoff and landing system to quickly open the hatch before the UAV lands, allowing the UAV to enter the nest as soon as possible to avoid wind and rain, and reducing the exposure time of the UAV in the harsh external environment.

[0049] Based on the above integrated UAV nest integrating optical storage and charging, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for the above integrated UAV nest integrating optical storage and charging, including the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: The control system of the UAV nest sends task commands to the UAV through wireless communication technology, and receives the positioning information and flight status data returned by the UAV. The wireless communication technology includes at least one of Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or 4G / 5G.

[0051] The wireless communication technology ensures real-time data interaction between the UAV and the nest. For example, 4G / 5G networks are used to transmit commands in remote areas.

[0052] Step 2: Start the built-in fault diagnosis system of the UAV nest to detect the operating status of each subsystem in the nest. If a fault is detected, automatically execute fault handling operations, including restarting the faulty component or switching to a standby device, and at the same time send the fault information to the remote operator.

[0053] The fault diagnosis system identifies anomalies through sensor data. For example, when detecting abnormal output current of the photovoltaic panel, it automatically switches to the standby power supply.

[0054] Step 3: Real-time collect the internal and external environmental parameters of the nest through the environmental perception system, including temperature, humidity, air pressure, and obstacle information. When the environmental parameters exceed the working threshold of the UAV, the control system starts the heat dissipation system or dehumidification equipment to adjust the internal environment of the nest, or adjusts the flight path of the UAV to avoid obstacles.

[0055] For example, start the heat dissipation system in a high-temperature environment and adjust the landing route of the UAV in a strong wind environment.

[0056] Step 4: Integrate the charging system with the battery management system or energy management system of the energy storage system to monitor the drone's power in real time. When the power is lower than the set threshold, trigger the automatic charging process, and automatically match the charging parameters according to the drone battery type, and charge through wireless or wired charging interfaces.

[0057] The charging system preferentially charges drones with low power to ensure mission continuity.

[0058] Step 5: The automatic hatch system dynamically controls the opening and closing of the hatch according to the real-time flight distance and attitude of the drone, ensuring that the hatch opens in advance when the drone takes off or returns, and automatically closes after landing is completed.

[0059] The control system predicts the hatch opening time in combination with the drone's flight speed. For example, the hatch is gradually opened when the drone approaches.

[0060] Step 6: Plan an accurate takeoff and landing route for the drone through the positioning and navigation module of the takeoff and landing system, and adjust the height and angle of the mechanical assisted takeoff and landing platform to adapt to the landing attitude of the drone, ensuring the stability of the takeoff and landing process.

[0061] The positioning and navigation module provides high-precision guidance by combining GPS and visual data.

[0062] Step 7: The drone flight control system executes mission instructions and transmits the collected sensor data, flight status, and battery information to the control system in real time. After the control system screens, classifies, or extracts features from the data, it uploads them to the cloud server or the superior control station for remote monitoring and analysis.

[0063] For example, only key images are uploaded after the preliminary screening of power inspection data to reduce bandwidth occupancy.

[0064] In summary, through the integrated design of photovoltaic energy storage and charging, the present invention deeply integrates photovoltaic power generation, energy storage systems, and intelligent charging modules to provide green energy support for drones and reduce dependence on the traditional power grid. The environmental perception system monitors environmental parameters and obstacles in real time through multi-sensor fusion technology to ensure the safe takeoff and landing of drones under complex conditions. The control system optimizes the charging efficiency and extends the battery life through dynamic scheduling of energy storage resources and battery health management. The automatic hatch and the mechanical assisted takeoff and landing platform work together to significantly improve the mission turnover efficiency of drones. In addition, the integrated design of the drone nest and the external photovoltaic energy storage power station reduces the deployment cost and provides a reliable and environmentally friendly solution for the large-scale application of drones in fields such as power inspection and logistics distribution.

[0065] The embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated drone nest with photovoltaics, energy storage and charging functions, characterized in that, include: An environmental perception system (2) is configured to monitor the environmental parameters and obstacle information inside and outside the nest in real time, wherein the environmental parameters include at least one of temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed, and wind direction, and the environmental perception system is integrated with at least one of a laser radar, a millimeter wave radar, an ultrasonic sensor, and a camera, and is used to detect obstacles around the nest and send an alarm to the control system or adjust the flight path of the drone; An automatic door system (3), which drives the door to open and close via a motor and is linked to a control system, is configured to monitor the door status in real time according to preset logic and sensor feedback to prevent rain or dust from entering the engine nest, and the door opening and closing position is dynamically controlled by the control system; A take-off and landing system (4), comprising a positioning and navigation module, a visual guidance module and a mechanically assisted take-off and landing platform, for supporting the weight of the UAV and guiding it to accurately land at a designated position in the machine nest, wherein the mechanically assisted take-off and landing platform can adjust the plane height and angle to adapt to the take-off and landing posture of the UAV; A control system (5) is connected to the environment perception system, the automatic door system and the take-off and landing system in communication, and is configured to monitor the operating status of each unit in the machine nest, dispatch energy storage resources, receive the drone homing signal and control the opening and closing of the door, and integrates energy statistical analysis, event alarm and battery status monitoring functions; A photovoltaic power generation system (6), comprising a solar photovoltaic panel, for converting solar energy into direct current electricity and supplying electricity directly to an energy storage system through an inverter; An energy storage system (7), connected to the photovoltaic power generation system, uses lithium-ion batteries to store electrical energy and provides continuous power to the engine nest load when photovoltaic power generation is insufficient; The charging system (8) comprises an automatic charging module and an uninterruptible power supply, wherein the automatic charging module matches charging parameters according to the type and power status of the drone battery and supports a wireless or wired charging interface, and the uninterruptible power supply provides stable power supply for the control system and the environmental perception system.

2. The integrated optical storage and charging UAV nest according to claim 1, characterized in that The environmental perception system (2) also includes a smoke sensor for detecting the smoke concentration inside the engine nest, and triggering ventilation equipment or sending an alarm to maintenance personnel when the concentration exceeds a threshold.

3. The integrated drone nest integrating photovoltaics, energy storage and charging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic door system (3) feeds back the door opening and closing status to the control system (5) in real time via a proximity sensor and a position sensor, and the door opening and closing logic includes opening the door in advance according to the drone homing signal and automatically closing the door after the drone has landed.

4. An integrated drone nest with photovoltaics, energy storage and charging, as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The visual guidance module of the take-off and landing system (4) captures the landing posture of the UAV in real time through image recognition technology, and coordinates with the mechanical auxiliary take-off and landing platform to adjust the plane levelness to ensure landing stability.

5. The integrated optical storage and charging drone nest according to claim 1, wherein The control system (5) is integrated with a battery management system or an energy management system of an energy storage system (7) to dynamically optimize the allocation of charging resources and trigger a charging protection mechanism according to the health status of the drone battery.

6. The integrated optical storage and charging UAV nest according to claim 1, characterized in that The automatic charging module of the charging system (8) is configured to receive battery type information through wireless communication and automatically match charging voltage and current parameters when the battery level of the drone is lower than a set threshold.

7. An integrated optical storage and charging UAV nest according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging system (8) also includes a mechanical arm device for automatically replacing batteries for drones with detachable batteries.

8. The integrated optical storage and charging UAV nest according to claim 1, wherein, The drone nest is integrated with the prefabricated cabin of the external photovoltaic energy storage power station, sharing the energy storage converter and energy management equipment.

9. A control method for an integrated optical storage and charging UAV nest according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It includes: Step 1: The control system of the drone nest sends mission instructions to the drone through wireless communication technology and receives the positioning information and flight status data returned by the drone. The wireless communication technology includes at least one of Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or 4G / 5G; Step 2: Start the built-in fault diagnosis system of the drone nest to detect the operating status of each subsystem in the nest. If a fault is detected, automatically execute fault handling operations, including restarting the faulty component or switching to a standby device, and at the same time send the fault information to the remote operator; Step 3: Real-time collect the internal and external environmental parameters of the nest through the environmental perception system, including temperature, humidity, air pressure, and obstacle information. When the environmental parameters exceed the working threshold of the drone, the control system starts the cooling system or dehumidification equipment to adjust the internal environment of the nest, or adjusts the flight path of the drone to avoid obstacles; Step 4: The charging system is integrated with the battery management system or energy management system of the energy storage system to monitor the drone's power in real time. When the power is lower than the set threshold, trigger the automatic charging process, automatically match the charging parameters according to the drone battery type, and charge through wireless or wired charging interfaces; Step 5: The automatic hatch system dynamically controls the opening and closing of the hatch according to the real-time flight distance and attitude of the drone, ensuring that the hatch opens in advance when the drone takes off or returns, and automatically closes after landing; Step 6: Plan an accurate takeoff and landing route for the drone through the positioning and navigation module of the takeoff and landing system, and adjust the height and angle of the mechanical assisted takeoff and landing platform to adapt to the landing attitude of the drone, ensuring the stability of the takeoff and landing process; Step 7: The drone flight control system executes the mission instructions and real-time transmits the collected sensor data, flight status, and battery information back to the control system. After the control system screens, classifies, or extracts features from the data, it uploads them to the cloud server or the superior control station for remote monitoring and analysis; Among them, Step 3 and Step 4 are executed synchronously, and the charging process is immediately triggered when the drone's power is detected to be insufficient; and the opening and closing of the hatch in Step 5 need to meet the environmental conditions in Step 3 and the charging requirements in Step 4 at the same time.

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