Digital twin model driven photovoltaic field construction transportation system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a digital twin model driven photovoltaic field construction transportation system and method, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic field construction. The system comprises a digital twin module, a construction planning and design module, a monitoring and management module and an interaction module. The digital twinning module constructs a three-dimensional digital twinning model; the construction planning and design module generates a candidate construction material transportation path scheme and a candidate construction equipment scheduling scheme based on a photovoltaic field construction transportation objective function; driving the digital twin model to execute a simulation task, and adjusting the candidate construction material transportation path scheme and the candidate construction equipment scheduling scheme based on a simulation result; the monitoring and management module generates a monitoring result based on the real-time monitoring data of the construction site of the photovoltaic field area; and the interaction module provides information of a photovoltaic field construction site for a user. The construction efficiency is improved, the construction cost is reduced, quality control is achieved, and construction safety and flexibility are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic field construction, and in particular to a photovoltaic field construction transportation system and method driven by a digital twin model. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing global demand for renewable energy, the photovoltaic industry, as an important part of clean energy, has ushered in unprecedented development opportunities. At present, the construction scale of photovoltaic sites is expanding, and the construction complexity is also increasing. When facing large-scale, high-efficiency photovoltaic site construction, traditional construction methods often have problems such as long construction period, high cost, and difficult quality control. Therefore, exploring new construction systems and methods to improve the construction efficiency and quality of photovoltaic sites has become an urgent need for the current development of the industry. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a photovoltaic field construction and transportation system and method driven by a digital twin model, aiming to solve the technical problems of poor irrigation accuracy and low water resource utilization efficiency in tea gardens.

[0004] The first aspect of the present invention provides a photovoltaic field construction and transportation system driven by a digital twin model, the system comprising:

[0005] Digital twin module, construction planning and design module, monitoring and management module, and interaction module;

[0006] The digital twin module builds a three-dimensional digital twin model based on the photovoltaic field terrain data, real-time environmental information, photovoltaic equipment layout planning information, photovoltaic equipment real-time tracking information and photovoltaic field construction site real-time monitoring data; the real-time environmental information includes real-time temperature, humidity, wind speed, light intensity, road condition information, and the photovoltaic equipment real-time tracking information includes the location, installation status and usage of photovoltaic equipment;

[0007] The construction planning and design module generates candidate construction material transportation path plans and candidate construction equipment scheduling plans based on the photovoltaic field construction transportation objective function; drives the digital twin model to perform simulation tasks, and adjusts the candidate construction material transportation path plans and candidate construction equipment scheduling plans based on the simulation results;

[0008] The monitoring and management module generates monitoring results based on the real-time monitoring data of the photovoltaic field construction site;

[0009] The interactive module provides users with information about the construction site of the photovoltaic field.

[0010] The system according to the first aspect of the present invention, the digital twin module includes a data acquisition sub-module, a terrain and environment model sub-module, a photovoltaic equipment model sub-module, a photovoltaic site construction site simulation sub-module, and a real-time update sub-module;

[0011] The data acquisition sub-module obtains the aerial images and three-dimensional terrain point cloud data of the photovoltaic site construction site obtained by the unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with a high-definition camera and a lidar, and obtains the terrain, landform, climate conditions, and road distribution of the photovoltaic site construction site based on GIS; collects real-time environmental information based on the sensors deployed at the photovoltaic site construction site; uses RFID and GPS technologies to obtain real-time tracking information of photovoltaic equipment; deploys cameras at the monitoring points of the photovoltaic site construction site to obtain real-time monitoring data of the photovoltaic site construction site, and monitors the completion degree and compliance of construction activities through video stream recognition or image recognition;

[0012] The terrain and environment model sub-module generates a terrain model based on the aerial images, three-dimensional terrain point cloud data, terrain, landform, climate conditions, and road distribution of the photovoltaic site construction site, and generates a real-time environment model based on the real-time environmental information;

[0013] The photovoltaic equipment model sub-module performs BIM modeling on the photovoltaic equipment to generate a photovoltaic equipment BIM model, and the photovoltaic equipment includes a photovoltaic support, a photovoltaic module, a cable routing, and a power conversion equipment;

[0014] The photovoltaic site construction site simulation sub-module integrates the terrain model, the real-time environment model, the real-time photovoltaic equipment BIM model, the layout planning information of the photovoltaic equipment, and the real-time monitoring data of the photovoltaic site construction site to generate a digital twin model;

[0015] The real-time update sub-module updates the photovoltaic equipment BIM model based on the real-time tracking information of the photovoltaic equipment to generate a real-time photovoltaic equipment BIM model.

[0016] The system according to the first aspect of the present invention, the construction planning and design module includes a candidate solution generation sub-module and a dynamic simulation-driven optimization sub-module. The candidate solution generation sub-module constructs a photovoltaic site construction transportation objective function, and generates a candidate construction material transportation path plan and a candidate construction equipment scheduling plan based on the objective function; the dynamic simulation-driven optimization sub-module decomposes the simulation task into multiple sub-tasks, drives the digital twin model to execute the simulation task, and adjusts the candidate construction material transportation path plan and the candidate construction equipment scheduling plan based on the simulation results. The simulation task simulates the entire process of photovoltaic site construction.

[0017] The photovoltaic site construction transportation objective function of the system according to the first aspect of the present invention is:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, F(x i，k , y k，t，p , t i，k ) is the objective function, x i，k is the simulation task allocation variable, y k，t，p is the mechanical equipment movement variable, and the mechanical equipment includes a crane and a transport vehicle. t i，k is the time required for subtask i to be completed by mechanical equipment k. α is the weight coefficient of the time cost. x i，k is the subtask allocation variable, indicating whether subtask i is completed by mechanical equipment k. If subtask i is completed by mechanical equipment k, then x i，k = 1, otherwise it is 0; β is the cost calculation weight coefficient, c k is the unit time cost of mechanical equipment k, P coord is the coefficient of mechanical equipment coordination penalty. y k，t，p is the movement variable of mechanical equipment k, indicating whether mechanical equipment k is located in grid cell p at time step t. If mechanical equipment k is located in grid cell p at time step t, then y k，t，p = 1, otherwise it is 0. If multiple mechanical equipment are in the same time step and the same grid cell, the value of the coefficient P coord of mechanical equipment coordination penalty is increased. Among them, the grid cell is obtained by dividing the ground of the photovoltaic power station construction site according to the terrain model; γ is the weight coefficient of energy consumption calculation, e k is the unit time energy consumption of mechanical equipment k, P coll is the coefficient of collision avoidance penalty, d safe is the safety distance, and are the positions of mechanical equipment k1 and mechanical equipment k2 at time step t respectively.

[0020] According to the system of the first aspect of the present invention, the simulation results include the time and resource consumption of each subtask, and the impact of weather on the construction progress.

[0021] The second aspect of the present invention proposes a photovoltaic power station construction transportation method driven by a digital twin model. The method is based on the photovoltaic power station construction transportation system driven by the digital twin model as described above. The method includes:

[0022] Step S1: Collect the terrain data of the photovoltaic power station area, real-time environmental information, layout planning information of photovoltaic equipment, real-time tracking information of photovoltaic equipment, and real-time monitoring data of the photovoltaic power station construction site. The photovoltaic power station construction transportation system driven by the digital twin model generates a digital twin model;

[0023] Step S2: The digital twin model-driven construction transportation system for the photovoltaic power generation area generates a candidate construction material transportation route plan and a candidate construction equipment scheduling plan based on the construction transportation objective function of the photovoltaic power generation area; drives the digital twin model to execute a simulation task, and adjusts the candidate construction material transportation route plan and the candidate construction equipment scheduling plan based on the simulation results.

[0024] The third aspect of the present invention proposes a computer-readable storage medium, in which multiple instructions are stored; the multiple instructions are used to be loaded and executed by a processor to perform the method as described in the second aspect of the present invention.

[0025] The fourth aspect of the present invention proposes an electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device includes:

[0026] A processor for executing multiple instructions;

[0027] A memory for storing multiple instructions;

[0028] Wherein, the multiple instructions are used to be stored by the memory and loaded and executed by the processor to perform the method as described in the second aspect of the present invention

[0029] The beneficial technical effects brought by the present invention include:

[0030] (1) The present invention combines digital twin technology to achieve intelligent construction of the photovoltaic power generation area, optimizes the equipment transportation route and collaborative work in the area, improves construction efficiency, reduces construction costs, realizes quality control, and ensures construction safety and flexibility.

[0031] (2) The present invention deeply applies digital twin technology to the construction management of the photovoltaic power generation area, and realizes visualization, simulation and optimization of the construction process by constructing a virtual model to map the state of the physical area in real time.

[0032] (3) The present invention integrates intelligent control algorithms, can automatically adjust the construction plan according to real-time data, optimize resource allocation, and improve construction efficiency and quality.

[0033] (4) The system of the present invention supports multi-terminal remote collaborative work, realizes real-time monitoring and early warning of the construction process, improves the flexibility and response speed of construction management, and helps to strengthen the safety supervision of the construction of the photovoltaic power generation area. Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a digital twin model-driven construction transportation system for a photovoltaic power generation area of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the digital twin module of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the construction planning and design module of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the monitored objects of the monitoring and management module of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the interaction of the interaction module of the present invention. Specific implementation manners

[0039] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention proposes a construction transportation system for a photovoltaic power station area driven by a digital twin model, including:

[0041] A digital twin module, a construction planning and design module, a monitoring and management module, and an interaction module;

[0042] The digital twin module constructs a three-dimensional digital twin model based on the terrain data of the photovoltaic power station area, real-time environmental information, layout planning information of photovoltaic devices, real-time tracking information of photovoltaic devices, and real-time monitoring data of the construction site of the photovoltaic power station area; the real-time environmental information includes real-time temperature, humidity, wind speed, light intensity, and road conditions information, and the real-time tracking information of the photovoltaic devices includes the position, installation status, and usage of the photovoltaic devices;

[0043] The construction planning and design module generates a candidate construction material transportation path plan and a candidate construction equipment scheduling plan based on the construction transportation objective function of the photovoltaic power station area; drives the digital twin model to execute a simulation task, and adjusts the candidate construction material transportation path plan and the candidate construction equipment scheduling plan based on the simulation results;

[0044] The monitoring and management module generates a monitoring result based on the real-time monitoring data of the construction site of the photovoltaic power station area;

[0045] The interaction module provides information on the construction site of the photovoltaic power station area to the user.

[0046] Furthermore, the digital twin module includes a data acquisition sub-module, a terrain and environment model sub-module, a photovoltaic device model sub-module, a construction site simulation sub-module of the photovoltaic power station area, and a real-time update sub-module.

[0047] The data acquisition sub-module obtains the aerial images and 3D topographic point cloud data of the photovoltaic site construction site acquired by the unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with a high-definition camera and lidar, and obtains the topographic features, climate conditions, and road distribution of the photovoltaic site construction site based on GIS; collects real-time environmental information using sensors deployed at the photovoltaic site construction site; obtains real-time tracking information of photovoltaic equipment using RFID and GPS technologies; deploys cameras at the monitoring points of the photovoltaic site construction site to obtain real-time monitoring data of the photovoltaic site construction site, and monitors the completion and compliance of construction activities through video stream recognition or image recognition.

[0048] The terrain and environment model sub-module generates a terrain model based on the aerial images, 3D topographic point cloud data, topographic features, climate conditions, and road distribution of the photovoltaic site construction site, and generates a real-time environment model based on the real-time environmental information.

[0049] The photovoltaic equipment model sub-module performs BIM modeling on photovoltaic equipment to generate a BIM model of photovoltaic equipment, and the photovoltaic equipment includes photovoltaic brackets, photovoltaic modules, cable routing, and substation equipment.

[0050] The photovoltaic site construction site simulation sub-module integrates the terrain model, real-time environment model, real-time BIM model of photovoltaic equipment, the layout planning information of photovoltaic equipment, and the real-time monitoring data of the photovoltaic site construction site to generate a digital twin model.

[0051] The real-time update sub-module updates the BIM model of photovoltaic equipment based on the real-time tracking information of photovoltaic equipment to generate a real-time BIM model of photovoltaic equipment.

[0052] As Figure 2 shown, after data acquisition, 3D modeling is performed, and the corresponding models are updated according to real-time data. The photovoltaic site construction site simulation sub-module integrates the terrain model, real-time environment model, real-time BIM model of photovoltaic equipment, the layout planning information of photovoltaic equipment, and the real-time monitoring data of the photovoltaic site construction site to generate a digital twin model, where:

[0053] Use the Python language to call various collected data into each relevant program, and the relevant programs include ArcGIS, SketchUp, etc. Based on the modeling software, load the 3D terrain model of the photovoltaic site construction site, integrate photovoltaic equipment, generate a dynamic environment scene using real-time environmental sensors (wind speed, temperature, humidity, etc.), integrate the equipment layout and construction planning scheme of the photovoltaic site, connect to the real-time monitoring equipment (cameras, unmanned aerial vehicles, etc.) of the photovoltaic site construction site, and perform dynamic construction simulation by combining all real-time data and models.

[0054] The construction planning and design module includes a candidate solution generation sub-module and a dynamic simulation-driven optimization sub-module. The candidate solution generation sub-module constructs the construction transportation objective function for the photovoltaic power generation area, and generates a candidate construction material transportation path plan and a candidate construction equipment scheduling plan based on the objective function. The dynamic simulation-driven optimization sub-module decomposes the simulation task into multiple sub-tasks, drives the digital twin model to execute the simulation task, and adjusts the candidate construction material transportation path plan and the candidate construction equipment scheduling plan based on the simulation results. The simulation task simulates the entire process of the construction of the photovoltaic power generation area. Among them:

[0055] The construction transportation objective function for the photovoltaic power generation area is:

[0056]

[0057] Wherein, F(x i，k , y k，t，p , t i，k ) is the objective function, x i，k is the simulation task assignment variable, y k，t，p is the mechanical equipment movement variable. The mechanical equipment includes cranes and transport vehicles. t i，k is the time required for sub-task i to be completed by mechanical equipment k. α is the weight coefficient of the time cost. x i，k is the sub-task assignment variable, indicating whether sub-task i is completed by mechanical equipment k. If sub-task i is completed by mechanical equipment k, then x i，k = 1; otherwise it is 0. β is the cost calculation weight coefficient. c k is the unit time cost of mechanical equipment k. P coord is the coefficient of mechanical equipment coordination penalty. y k，t，p is the mechanical equipment k movement variable, indicating whether mechanical equipment k is located in grid cell p at time step t. If mechanical equipment k is located in grid cell p at time step t, then y k，t，p = 1; otherwise it is 0. If multiple mechanical equipment are in the same time step and the same grid cell, the value of the coefficient P coord of the mechanical equipment coordination penalty is increased. Among them, the grid cell is obtained by dividing the ground of the construction site of the photovoltaic power generation area according to the terrain model. γ is the weight coefficient of energy consumption calculation. e k is the unit time energy consumption of mechanical equipment k. P coll is the coefficient of collision avoidance penalty. d safe is the safety distance. and are the positions of mechanical equipment k1 and mechanical equipment k2 at time step t respectively.

[0058] α∑ i，k t i,k x i，kThe total time cost required for all subtasks to be completed by different mechanical equipment is calculated.

[0059] β∑ i，k c k t i，k x i,k The total cost required for all subtasks to be completed by different mechanical equipment is calculated.

[0060] P coord ∑ t，p max(0, max(0, ∑ k y k，t，p -1) calculates the conflict penalty of mechanical equipment on the same time step and grid cell.

[0061] γ∑ i，k e k t i,k x i,k The total energy consumption required for all tasks to be completed by different mechanical equipment is calculated.

[0062] Penalties are imposed on the situation where the distance between mechanical equipment is less than the safety distance, and through the coordinate relationship between the y k,t，p variable and the grid cell to determine that if the distance between mechanical equipment is less than the safety distance, the coefficient P for avoiding collision penalty is increased coll .

[0063] The candidate construction material transportation path plan and candidate construction equipment scheduling plan are generated based on the objective function, where: an intelligent optimization algorithm is used to find the optimal solution to determine the best parameters of x i，k , y k，t，p , t i，k , and the candidate construction material transportation path plan and candidate construction equipment scheduling plan are determined.

[0064] In the present invention, the dynamic simulation-driven optimization sub-module decomposes the simulation task into multiple subtasks, drives the digital twin model to execute the simulation task, and adjusts the candidate construction material transportation path plan and candidate construction equipment scheduling plan based on the simulation results. The simulation task is to simulate the entire process of photovoltaic field construction, where:

[0065] The data acquisition sub-module obtains the real-time monitoring data of the photovoltaic power station construction site and determines the current positions and states of each mechanical equipment; the dynamic simulation-driven optimization sub-module constructs a simulation task according to the candidate construction material transportation path plan, the candidate construction equipment scheduling plan, and the current positions and states of each mechanical equipment, decomposes the simulation task into multiple subtasks, drives the digital twin model to execute the simulation task, and the digital twin model generates simulation results, including path conflicts and / or mechanical equipment congestion situations, and adjusts the candidate construction material transportation path plan and the candidate construction equipment scheduling plan based on the simulation results.

[0066] Furthermore, the simulation results include the time and resource consumption of each subtask and the impact of weather on the construction progress; factors affecting the construction efficiency are analyzed based on the simulation results, and an emergency adjustment plan is generated. The subtasks include foundation excavation, photovoltaic support installation, and photovoltaic module laying.

[0067] As Figure 3 shown, in the present invention, the construction planning and design module generates a candidate construction material transportation path plan and a candidate construction equipment scheduling plan, and can also drive the digital twin model to execute a simulation task, and the content of the simulation includes the construction process, cost analysis, and risk assessment.

[0068] The monitoring and management module generates monitoring results based on the real-time monitoring data of the photovoltaic power station construction site. Real-time monitoring is an important means to ensure the smooth progress of the construction process, relying on the deep integration of digital twins and IoT (Internet of Things sensors). During the construction progress monitoring, IoT devices (such as RFID tags and smart sensors) are used to record the arrival time of materials, equipment status, and task completion status. In the digital twin model, the completion status of construction tasks is dynamically marked in the form of colors, progress bars, or timelines. For example, the area where the installation of photovoltaic brackets is completed will turn green, and the uncompleted area will be red. By comparing it with the original plan, the progress deviation is automatically marked to remind the management to take corrective measures. When monitoring the status of mechanical equipment and personnel, GPS and sensors are used to collect equipment operation parameters (such as location, load, and operation duration) to monitor the health status and usage efficiency of key equipment (such as cranes and transport vehicles). The real-name registration of construction workers generally includes collecting ID information, face information, fingerprint information, bank accounts, work post skills, etc. During construction, wearable devices (such as smart bracelets) are used to monitor the activity range, work status, and safety status of construction workers (such as whether they are close to dangerous areas). When personnel or equipment enter a dangerous area, an alarm is issued. The construction environment is monitored to predict the impact of adverse weather on construction. When severe weather (such as strong winds and heavy rains) is detected approaching, relevant construction tasks are automatically suspended and evacuation is prompted. The plan is adjusted in real time. Environmental data such as dust and noise at the construction site are monitored through sensors, and construction waste (such as excess materials and excavated soil) is tracked. The progress of waste discharge and treatment is updated in real time to meet the requirements of environmental protection and work safety.

[0069] As Figure 4 shown, the monitoring and management module monitors equipment and personnel, construction progress, construction waste, and the construction environment.

[0070] The interaction module provides information about the construction site of the photovoltaic power station area. In the present invention, tasks are assigned to construction teams or individual personnel, such as equipment installation, material transportation, etc., support sorting by priority, provide real-time feedback on task completion, help managers dynamically adjust the construction plan, and the visualization interface displays the map or digital twin model of the construction site, marks the task areas and personnel positions, and allows construction personnel to directly obtain task updates or submit completion status through voice, reducing the operation complexity. On-site information collection and feedback: Construction personnel collect construction environment data (such as component positions, ground flatness) through handheld devices and upload them to the system. Construction personnel can quickly report problems found during the construction process (such as equipment failures, design deviations) through mobile devices or voice, support multimedia input such as text, pictures, and videos, ensuring the integrity and accuracy of information; Safety and quality monitoring: Combining on-site sensor data, it reminds construction personnel of safety hazards such as high temperature, strong wind, and falling risks in real time. When it detects that construction personnel are approaching a dangerous area, it automatically issues an alarm. It supports construction personnel to use mobile devices to scan components or brackets to detect whether the installation meets the design specifications. According to the standardization degree of the construction process and the detection data, a quality score is generated for the current construction stage; Data visualization and report generation module: It displays key data such as construction progress, resource allocation, and safety status in the form of charts, heat maps, etc. in real time. After the construction is completed, the system automatically generates a phased or full-course construction report, including progress, problem records, quality evaluation, etc. The visualization interface and report content format can be set according to requirements, and it supports sharing construction reports across multiple terminals to promote cross-departmental collaboration and communication; Mobile and multi-device access: It supports multiple terminals such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, and wearable devices to access the system, ensuring that the construction team can obtain the latest information anytime and anywhere. In a scenario without a network, construction personnel can continue to operate, and the data will be synchronized to the cloud after the network is restored.

[0071] As Figure 5 shown, the interaction module interacts with construction command and dispatch, provides data visualization and report generation, provides safety and quality monitoring interaction, and conducts on-site information collection and feedback.

[0072] The present invention provides a digital twin model-driven photovoltaic power station area construction transportation method. Based on the digital twin model-driven photovoltaic power station area construction transportation system as described above, the method includes:

[0073] Step S1: Collect topographic data of the photovoltaic power station area, real-time environmental information, layout planning information of photovoltaic equipment, real-time tracking information of photovoltaic equipment, and real-time monitoring data of the construction site of the photovoltaic power station area. The digital twin model-driven photovoltaic power station area construction transportation system generates a digital twin model;

[0074] Step S2: The digital twin model-driven photovoltaic site construction transportation system generates a candidate construction material transportation route plan and a candidate construction equipment scheduling plan based on the photovoltaic site construction transportation objective function; drives the digital twin model to execute a simulation task, and adjusts the candidate construction material transportation route plan and the candidate construction equipment scheduling plan based on the simulation results.

[0075] The present invention provides a specific embodiment of a digital twin model-driven photovoltaic site construction transportation method, including the following steps:

[0076] Step 1: When constructing the digital twin model, mainly collect on-site terrain and environmental information, equipment status and progress data. Among them, use drones equipped with high-definition cameras and LiDAR (light detection and ranging) to quickly obtain high-resolution aerial images and three-dimensional terrain point cloud data of the construction site for generating accurate terrain models; use GIS (geographic information system) to obtain macroscopic information such as terrain, climate conditions, and road distribution to provide overall support for construction layout; arrange sensors at the construction site to collect real-time data such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and light intensity for environmental monitoring and dynamic update; based on RFID and GPS technologies, track the location, status, and usage of construction equipment and materials to achieve dynamic management of construction resources; deploy monitoring cameras at key nodes to detect the completion degree and compliance of construction activities through video streams or image recognition technologies.

[0077] Based on the on-site terrain and environmental information, equipment status, and progress data collected in the foregoing content, a digital twin model is built. Obtain the terrain data of the construction site area (such as contour lines, topographic maps, or DEM data), the information of relevant buildings and facilities at the construction site, including the detailed design or actual dimensions of substations, roads, drainage ditches, etc., to ensure that the model fits the actual landform. Define the design requirements such as the size of photovoltaic modules, the type of brackets, the installation inclination angle, and the array spacing. Import the site terrain and establish a basic model. Use terrain tools (Sandbox Tools) or import DEM files from a Geographic Information System (GIS). Import the site terrain into SketchUp, set the real elevation value according to the terrain data, and use the stretching and smoothing tools in SketchUp to level local areas according to construction needs to simulate the actual site leveling process. According to the construction drawings or design documents, draw the boundary of the construction site area, add models such as guardrails and fences to ensure a clear boundary. Create photovoltaic module units, bracket models, and component array layouts, add supporting facility models, draw the road network in the site area, mark the main transportation channels and maintenance paths, add drainage ditches or rainwater collection systems to ensure that the site meets the construction and operation and maintenance requirements. Add models of power facilities such as substations, combiner boxes, and cable trenches to ensure that the positions of all key equipment are clear. Simulate the temporary facilities on the construction site, such as warehouses and construction personnel quarters, and add auxiliary facilities such as fences, monitoring equipment, and anemometers. Export the SketchUp model to an IFC or GIS-compatible format for subsequent docking with the digital twin platform. After modeling in SketchUp, dock the sensor data (such as environmental monitoring and equipment status) with the SketchUp model to dynamically display the operation status of the site area. Continuously adjust the model according to the construction progress to provide accurate digital support for subsequent operation and maintenance management. The digital twin model accesses real-time data. IoT sensors automatically upload real-time data during the construction process, such as the operation status of construction machinery and the installation progress of equipment; access weather forecast information through the meteorological API to support the construction plan; its digital twin model is updated by deploying edge computing devices at the project site to achieve efficient processing of large-scale real-time data and reduce the latency of cloud computing; combine real-time data and construction logic and use simulation technology to update the model status. The above process completely constructs the digital twin system for the intelligent construction of the photovoltaic site area.

[0078] Step 2: Optimize the transportation route planning of equipment and materials and the construction equipment scheduling at a certain photovoltaic construction site in the construction plan and design. Analyze the transportation demand based on the digital twin model to determine the transportation demand of equipment and materials (types, quantities, times, transportation vehicle specifications, etc.). Optimize the transportation of three types of equipment, namely excavators, dump trucks, and concrete mixer trucks. Based on the existing roads in the site area and the digital twin model, discretize the map into grids in CAD, set the road corners and transportation endpoints as key nodes, export the points of the discretized map as two-dimensional coordinates based on CAD software, and use the Dijkstra algorithm to quickly plan the shortest transportation route from the starting point to the ending point according to the shortest path principle. The transportation equipment parameters are as follows.

[0079]

[0080] For the optimal transportation routes of the 3 types of transportation equipment, since there is an overlap in the transportation routes of excavators and dump trucks, the following objective function is used to optimize the collaborative work of equipment transportation:

[0081]

[0082] where α = 1, β = 0.5, γ = 0.2, P coord = 10, P coll = 5, d safe = 1, with x i，k 、y k，t，p 、t i，k as independent variables, the values of the independent variables x i,k and y k,t,p are 0 or 1, while t i,k involves multiple situations, and its values are listed in a matrix.

[0083]

[0084] Taking the minimum total cost as the optimization goal, the particle swarm intelligence algorithm is used for optimization to obtain the optimal independent variable parameters. That is, a particle swarm is randomly generated within the range of the three independent variables, each randomly generated particle is substituted into the objective function for solution, the fitness of the particle is evaluated, the iterative step is designed to be 500 steps, the individual optimal position and the global optimal position are evaluated. When the maximum iteration number is reached or the convergence condition is met, the algorithm stops and outputs the solution corresponding to the global optimal position, which is the optimization result of the objective function. After optimization calculation, the optimal independent variables are x i,k = 1, y k，t，p = 0, t i，1 = 178, t i,2 = 214, t i，3= 250, that is, the speeds of devices 1, 2, and 3 are all 10 km / h. Due to the different lengths of the road sections, there is no possibility of collision between device 1 and device 2 when they are on the overlapping paths after starting at the same time.

[0085] During the construction process, receive traffic and terrain change information in real time, dynamically adjust the transportation route, use IoT sensors to monitor the road conditions (such as congestion, obstacles) and update the plan in a timely manner. Display the transportation route in real time in the construction digital twin model to ensure that the route is intuitive and clear. Use simulation tools (such as AnyLogic or FlexSim) to simulate the material transportation process, evaluate the impact of route selection on the construction progress and resource consumption, and prioritize the transportation needs of key materials and equipment in the route simulation to ensure that the critical path is unobstructed. Install GPS and IoT sensors on the equipment to monitor the current position and operating status of the equipment in real time, and synchronously display the actual position and task progress of the equipment dynamically on the digital twin platform. Use scheduling algorithms to generate an optimized task list and push it to the equipment operator or autonomous driving equipment. In case of equipment failure or emergency, quickly reassign tasks. Use simulation tools to simulate different scheduling schemes, evaluate the equipment utilization rate and task completion time. For equipment with low utilization rate, try to adjust the task assignment or reduce the number of equipment. Analyze the critical path of the construction process to ensure that equipment scheduling gives priority to meeting the needs of the critical path. Compare the transportation costs and equipment usage costs of different scheduling schemes, select the optimal scheme, and continuously adjust and optimize the algorithm based on construction feedback.

[0086] Step 3: During intelligent monitoring and management, it relies on the deep integration of digital twins and IoT (Internet of Things sensors) to monitor environmental factors such as on-site temperature, humidity, wind speed, rainfall, and dust concentration, evaluate the safety of the construction environment, and combine with weather forecasts to issue early warnings for extreme weather (such as strong winds, heavy rains, high temperatures) in advance and arrange construction adjustments. When managing personnel, positioning devices are equipped for construction workers to track the personnel distribution and location in real time. Based on the positioning and construction progress, the attendance is automatically recorded and tasks are dynamically assigned. The real-name registration of construction workers generally includes collecting identity card information, face information, fingerprint information, bank accounts, work post skills, etc. During construction, wearable devices (such as smart bracelets) are used to monitor the activity range, working status, and safety status of construction workers (such as whether they are close to dangerous areas). Combining with AI analysis, it automatically detects illegal operations (such as not wearing a safety helmet, personnel entering restricted areas) and risk behaviors, immediately issues an alarm, and provides real-time alarms for abnormal events and traceability functions for historical events to managers. In material tracking and management, RFID / barcode technology is used to attach tags to materials (such as photovoltaic modules, brackets, concrete), record their locations, transportation routes, and consumption situations, optimize the material inventory according to the construction plan and actual consumption, avoid overstocking or shortages, and achieve dynamic inventory management. Sensors are installed on equipment such as cranes, excavators, and transport vehicles to monitor the operating status, location, and performance indicators, providing support for the aforementioned optimization of construction planning and design. Environmental data such as dust and noise on the construction site are monitored through sensors, and the construction-generated waste (such as excess materials, excavated soil) is tracked, and the waste discharge and treatment progress are updated in real time to meet the requirements of environmental protection and safety production.

[0087] Step 4: Intelligent construction command and dispatch realizes real-time task allocation to construction teams or individual personnel, such as equipment installation, material transportation, etc., supports sorting by priority, provides real-time feedback on task completion status, helps managers dynamically adjust the construction plan, and the visualization interface displays the map or digital twin model of the construction site, marks the task areas and personnel locations, and allows construction personnel to directly obtain task updates or submit completion status through voice, reducing operation complexity. On-site information collection and feedback: Construction personnel collect construction environment data (such as component positions, ground flatness) through handheld devices and upload it to the system. Construction personnel can quickly report problems found during construction (such as equipment failures, design deviations) through the mobile end or voice, supporting multimedia inputs such as text, pictures, and videos to ensure the integrity and accuracy of information; Safety and quality monitoring combines on-site sensor data to remind construction personnel of safety hazards such as high temperature, strong wind, and fall risks in real time. When it detects that construction personnel are approaching dangerous areas, it automatically issues an alarm. It supports construction personnel to use mobile devices to scan components or brackets to detect whether the installation meets the design specifications. According to the standardization degree of the construction process and the detection data, a quality score is generated for the current construction stage; Data visualization and report generation module: Key data such as construction progress, resource allocation, and safety status are displayed in real time in the form of charts, heat maps, etc. After the construction is completed, the system automatically generates phased or full-course construction reports, including progress, problem records, quality evaluations, etc. Managers can set the visualization interface and report content format according to their needs, support multi-terminal sharing of construction reports, and promote cross-departmental collaboration and communication; Mobile and multi-device access: Supports access to the system by various terminals such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, and wearable devices, ensuring that the construction team can obtain the latest information anytime and anywhere. In scenarios without network, construction personnel can continue to operate, and the data will be synchronized to the cloud after the network is restored.

[0088] The above specific embodiments only describe the design principles of the present invention. The shapes and names of the components in this description can be different and are not restricted. Therefore, those skilled in the art of the present invention can modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments; and these modifications and replacements do not deviate from the purpose and technical solutions of the present invention, and shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction transportation system for a photovoltaic power generation area driven by a digital twin model, characterized in that, The system includes: a digital twin module, a construction planning and design module, a monitoring and management module, and an interaction module; The digital twin module constructs a three-dimensional digital twin model based on the topographic data of the photovoltaic site, real-time environmental information, the layout planning information of photovoltaic devices, the real-time tracking information of photovoltaic devices, and the real-time monitoring data of the construction site of the photovoltaic site; the real-time environmental information includes real-time temperature, humidity, wind speed, light intensity, road conditions, and the real-time tracking information of photovoltaic devices includes the position, installation status, and usage of photovoltaic devices; The construction planning and design module generates a candidate construction material transportation route plan and a candidate construction equipment scheduling plan based on the construction transportation objective function of the photovoltaic site; drives the digital twin model to execute a simulation task, and adjusts the candidate construction material transportation route plan and the candidate construction equipment scheduling plan based on the simulation results; The monitoring and management module generates a monitoring result based on the real-time monitoring data of the construction site of the photovoltaic site; The interaction module provides information about the construction site of the photovoltaic site to the user.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein The digital twin module includes a data acquisition sub-module, a terrain and environment model sub-module, a photovoltaic device model sub-module, a construction site simulation sub-module of the photovoltaic site, and a real-time update sub-module; The data acquisition sub-module obtains the aerial images and three-dimensional topographic point cloud data of the construction site of the photovoltaic site obtained by a drone equipped with a high-definition camera and a lidar, obtains the topography, climate conditions, and road distribution of the construction site of the photovoltaic site based on GIS; collects real-time environmental information based on sensors deployed at the construction site of the photovoltaic site; uses RFID and GPS technologies to obtain real-time tracking information of photovoltaic devices; deploys cameras at the monitoring points of the construction site of the photovoltaic site to obtain real-time monitoring data of the construction site of the photovoltaic site, and monitors the completion degree and compliance of construction activities through video stream recognition or image recognition; The terrain and environment model sub-module generates a terrain model based on the aerial images, three-dimensional topographic point cloud data, topography, climate conditions, and road distribution of the construction site of the photovoltaic site, and generates a real-time environment model based on the real-time environmental information; The photovoltaic device model sub-module performs BIM modeling on photovoltaic devices to generate a BIM model of photovoltaic devices, and the photovoltaic devices include photovoltaic brackets, photovoltaic modules, cable routing, and substation equipment; The construction site simulation sub-module of the photovoltaic site integrates the terrain model, the real-time environment model, the real-time BIM model of photovoltaic devices, the layout planning information of photovoltaic devices, and the real-time monitoring data of the construction site of the photovoltaic site to generate a digital twin model; The real-time update sub-module updates the BIM model of photovoltaic devices based on the real-time tracking information of photovoltaic devices to generate a real-time BIM model of photovoltaic devices.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein The construction planning and design module includes a candidate scheme generation sub-module and a dynamic simulation-driven optimization sub-module. The candidate scheme generation sub-module constructs a construction transportation objective function of the photovoltaic site and generates a candidate construction material transportation route plan and a candidate construction equipment scheduling plan based on the objective function; The dynamic simulation-driven optimization sub-module decomposes the simulation task into multiple subtasks, drives the digital twin model to execute the simulation task, and adjusts the candidate construction material transportation path plan and the candidate construction equipment scheduling plan based on the simulation results. The simulation task simulates the entire process of photovoltaic power station area construction.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The construction transportation objective function of the photovoltaic power station area is as follows: Among them, F(x i，k , y k，t，p , t i，k ) is the objective function, x i，k is the simulation task assignment variable, y k，t，p is the mechanical equipment movement variable, and the mechanical equipment includes a crane and a transport vehicle. t i，k is the time required for subtask i to be completed by mechanical equipment k. α is the weight coefficient of the time cost. x i，k is the subtask assignment variable, indicating whether subtask i is completed by mechanical equipment k. If subtask i is completed by mechanical equipment k, then x i，k = 1, otherwise it is 0. β is the cost calculation weight coefficient. c k is the unit time cost of mechanical equipment k. P coord is the coefficient of mechanical equipment coordination penalty. y k，t，p is the mechanical equipment k movement variable, indicating whether mechanical equipment k is located in grid cell p at time step t. If mechanical equipment k is located in grid cell p at time step t, then y k，t，p = 1, otherwise it is 0. If multiple mechanical equipment are on the same time step and the same grid cell, the value of the coefficient P coord of the mechanical equipment coordination penalty is increased. Among them, the grid cell is obtained by dividing the ground of the photovoltaic power station construction site according to the terrain model. γ is the weight coefficient of energy consumption calculation. e k is the unit time energy consumption of mechanical equipment k. P coll is the coefficient of collision avoidance penalty. d safe is the safety distance, and are the positions of mechanical equipment k1 and mechanical equipment k2 at time step t respectively.

5. The system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that The simulation results include the time and resource consumption of each subtask, and the impact of weather on the construction progress.

6. A construction transportation method for a photovoltaic power generation area driven by a digital twin model, based on the construction transportation system for a photovoltaic power generation area driven by the digital twin model as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that The method includes: Step S1: Collect the topographic data, real-time environmental information, layout planning information of photovoltaic devices, real-time tracking information of photovoltaic devices, and real-time monitoring data of the construction site in the photovoltaic power station area. The construction transportation system in the photovoltaic power station area driven by the digital twin model generates a digital twin model. Step S2: The construction transportation system in the photovoltaic power station area driven by the digital twin model generates a candidate construction material transportation path plan and a candidate construction equipment scheduling plan based on the construction transportation objective function of the photovoltaic power station area; drives the digital twin model to execute the simulation task, and adjusts the candidate construction material transportation path plan and the candidate construction equipment scheduling plan based on the simulation results.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, in which multiple instructions are stored; the multiple instructions are used to be loaded and executed by a processor to perform the method according to claim 6.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: A processor for executing multiple instructions; A memory for storing multiple instructions; Among them, the multiple instructions are used to be stored by the memory and loaded and executed by the processor to perform the method according to claim 6.

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