Membrane type air spring parameter identification and dynamic mechanical property calculation method and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a membrane type air spring parameter identification and dynamic mechanical property calculation method and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: establishing an air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model; acquiring static performance data of the air spring; acquiring structural calculation parameters of the air spring; acquiring quasi-static performance data of the air spring; according to the static and quasi-static mechanical property test results of the air spring, the structural calculation parameters and the thermodynamic parameters of the air spring can be identified, the identified parameters can be effectively applied to the mechanical property calculation model of the air spring to calculate the dynamic characteristics, the test times can be effectively reduced, and the test efficiency is improved. And a reference basis is provided for design optimization of the air spring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mechanical properties of automotive parts, and particularly to a calculation method and medium for parameter identification and dynamic mechanical characteristics of a diaphragm air spring. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern automotive industry, the comfort and handling performance of vehicles have become important indicators for measuring vehicle performance. Due to its unique advantages, such as adjustable stiffness and damping characteristics, and the ability to adapt to different loads, the air suspension system has become one of the key technologies to improve vehicle driving quality. In the air suspension system, as a core component, the mechanical characteristics of the air spring directly affect the dynamic performance and riding comfort of the whole vehicle.

[0003] The mechanical characteristics of the air spring are relatively complex and are affected by various factors, including working air pressure, airbag working volume, piston shape, etc. The changes in these parameters will directly affect key performance indicators such as the static bearing capacity and static-dynamic stiffness of the air spring. Therefore, accurate modeling and analysis of the mechanical characteristics of the air spring are of great significance for optimizing the design of the air suspension system and improving the comprehensive performance of the vehicle.

[0004] Traditional air spring design mainly relies on experience and experimental testing. This method is costly, time-consuming, and difficult to accurately predict and control the performance of the air spring. With the development of computing technology, simulation models based on the finite element method and mathematical calculation models based on thermodynamics theory provide new means for the design and analysis of air springs. These models can simulate the static and dynamic responses of air springs under different working conditions, predict their mechanical characteristics, and thus guide the design and optimization of air springs.

[0005] However, the existing technology still has limitations in simulating the dynamic characteristics of air springs, especially the hysteresis characteristics and dynamic stiffness changes. These dynamic characteristics are crucial for the handling stability and comfort of vehicles. Wu Mingyu et al. proposed a dynamic stiffness model of an air spring for passenger cars considering equivalent damping and hysteresis characteristics. Although this model can identify key non-linear parameters such as the equivalent stiffness of the effective area, the stiffness of the airbag, and the equivalent damping in the model, some of the identified parameters do not directly correspond to the structural design parameters of the air spring, which is not convenient for the forward prediction of the dynamic characteristics of the air spring ([1] Wu Mingyu, Li Xuebing, Yin Hang, et al. Research on Key Non-linear Parameter Identification and Dynamic Characteristics of Air Spring Dynamic Stiffness Model [J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 58(01): 88-96.). Therefore, developing a calculation method that can accurately predict the static and dynamic mechanical characteristics of air springs has significant technical value and market potential for the forward development and design of air springs and the performance improvement of air suspension systems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve at least one of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and medium for identifying the parameters of a membrane air spring and calculating the dynamic mechanical characteristics. By utilizing the static and low-frequency quasi-static experimental data of the air spring, the key calculation parameters of the air spring (volume-height relationship, effective area-height relationship, gas mass and thermodynamic parameters) are identified, and the identified parameters can be used to further calculate the dynamic mechanical characteristics of the air spring, including dynamic stiffness and hysteresis characteristics.

[0007] In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for calculating the parameters of a membrane air spring and the dynamic mechanical characteristics, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Establish an air spring parameter identification and mechanical performance calculation model. The air spring parameter identification and mechanical performance calculation model includes two parts: an air spring mechanical property calculation module (a) and a heat exchange gas temperature calculation module (b): (a). During the operation of the air spring, the compressed gas provides the system with load-bearing capacity, and it satisfies the ideal gas state equation, as shown in formulas (1) and (2); (b). During the operation of the air spring, the energy of the compressed air will change due to heat exchange, external work and material transfer, thereby causing the temperature Ts to change. The gas temperature calculation is shown in formulas (3) and (4).

[0009] F=(P s -P u )A e (1)

[0010] P s V s =m s RT s (2)

[0011]

[0012]

[0013] Combine various methods to build a time domain simulation model, with the displacement z of the air spring as the model input and the bearing capacity F of the air spring as the model output;.

[0014] (2) Obtaining static performance data of the air spring, including load-bearing capacity and air pressure data corresponding to different displacements of the air spring in static state;

[0015] (3) Obtaining air spring structural calculation parameters, including the volume Vs-displacement z relationship and the effective area Ae-displacement z relationship of the air spring;

[0016] (4) Obtain the quasi-static performance data of the air spring, including the hysteresis force Fh of the air spring under quasi-static conditions;

[0017] (5) Obtain the thermodynamic parameters of the air spring: According to the measured hysteresis force Fh, use the air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model to identify the thermodynamic parameters of the air spring.

[0018] (6) Calculate the dynamic mechanical characteristics of the air spring: By using the established air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model and the identified parameters, the dynamic characteristics of the air spring at different frequencies can be calculated. The hysteresis loop is plotted through the output bearing capacity-displacement relationship (F-z), and the hysteresis force Fh and dynamic stiffness Kd at each frequency are analyzed.

[0019] Furthermore, use the mechanical property experimental platform to conduct static mechanical property experiments on the air spring, measure the bearing capacity and air pressure data corresponding to different displacements of the air spring under static conditions, and form the bearing capacity-displacement relationship (F-z) and air pressure-displacement relationship (Ps-z).

[0020] Preferably, for the static performance test of the air spring: The static mechanical property experiment of the air spring adopts the standard test method for air springs and rubber airbags used in automotive suspensions. The air spring is adjusted to the standard state, the air source is disconnected, the air spring is raised to the maximum allowable extension state and stays for a preset time (such as 5 minutes), and then it is compressed to the maximum allowable compression state at a preset speed (such as 10 mm / min). Continuously record the bearing capacity-displacement (F-z) curve and air pressure-displacement (Ps-z) curve during the compression process to obtain the bearing capacity-displacement relationship (F-z) and air pressure-displacement relationship (Ps-z).

[0021] Furthermore, calculate the structural calculation parameters of the air spring according to the measured static performance data. Using the ideal gas state equation P s V s =m s RT s the mass m of the compressed gas can be calculated s , and using the formula P si V si =P s0 V s0 the volume V of the air spring at different height positions i can be calculated si , that is, the volume-displacement relationship (Vs-z). Among them, V s0 and P s0 are the design air pressure and design volume respectively, and V si and P si are the volume and air pressure of the air spring at different height positions i respectively; Using the air spring bearing capacity formula F=(P s -Pu )A e The effective area A of the air spring at different height positions i can be calculated ei , that is, the effective area-displacement relationship (Ae-z).

[0022] The structural calculation parameters of the air spring include the volume-displacement relationship (Vs-z) and the effective area-displacement relationship (Ae-z) of the air spring. These two are used as fixed structural data in subsequent calculations and can obtain real-time volume and effective area data by looking up tables according to the displacement input in the air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model.

[0023] Furthermore, use the mechanical property experimental platform to conduct quasi-static mechanical property tests on the air spring, apply a low-frequency reciprocating displacement excitation to the air spring, and record the force-displacement relationship curve (F-z) of a complete cycle during the reciprocating motion of the air spring. The force-displacement relationship curve of the air spring shows a closed hysteresis loop; define the difference between the loading and unloading curves at the zero position as the hysteresis force of the air spring, and obtain the hysteresis force Fh of the air spring under quasi-static conditions according to the test results.

[0024] Furthermore, connect the heat exchange gas temperature calculation module (b) in the established air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model, so that the temperature input of the air spring mechanical property calculation module in the calculation model changes from the constant Tu in step (3) to the real-time temperature calculated by the heat exchange calculation module (b). The air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model inputs a reciprocating displacement excitation with the same amplitude and frequency as the experiment, and by correcting the heat exchange performance parameters αA w1 and αA w2 , make the hysteresis force calculated in the time domain consistent with the experimental results, and complete the parameter identification of the air spring thermodynamic parameters.

[0025] Furthermore, the connection of the heat exchange calculation module in step (5): Among them, the heat exchange calculation module (b) is used to simulate the temperature change of compressed air; if the simulated working condition is a static working condition, the air spring system is in an isothermal state and the temperature of compressed air remains unchanged, then the heat exchange calculation module is not connected, and the calculated temperature input is the constant T s0 =T u ; if the simulated working condition is a dynamic working condition, the system is in a polytropic process or an adiabatic state and the temperature of compressed air changes, then the heat exchange calculation module is connected, and the real-time temperature calculated by the heat exchange calculation module at this time is used as the calculated temperature input to the mechanical property calculation module for calculation.

[0026] In step (5), the heat exchange gas temperature calculation module (b) comprehensively considers the energy changes caused by external work, the energy changes caused by heat exchange, and the relationship between energy and temperature.

[0027] The present invention also provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the calculation method for the parameters identification and dynamic mechanical characteristics of the diaphragm air spring is realized.

[0028] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the calculation method for the parameters identification and dynamic mechanical characteristics of the diaphragm air spring is realized.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects:

[0030] 1) According to the mechanical performance test results of the air spring in static and quasi-static states, the structural calculation parameters and thermodynamic parameters of the air spring can be identified, and the identified parameters can be effectively applied to the calculation model of the mechanical performance of the air spring for dynamic characteristics calculation, which can effectively reduce the number of tests and provide a reference basis for the design optimization of the air spring.

[0031] 2) In the calculation of the dynamic mechanical characteristics of the air spring, the heat exchange gas temperature calculation module used to calculate the gas temperature can be used to simulate various situations such as isothermal, polytropic, and adiabatic. And because the model analyzes from the perspective of energy and does not restrict the thermodynamic change process of the compressed gas, this model has universality.

[0032] 3) In the calculation of the dynamic mechanical characteristics of the air spring, the present invention can use the identified parameters to calculate the dynamic characteristics of the air spring at different frequencies and amplitudes, including the hysteresis characteristics and the change of dynamic stiffness of the air spring, and effectively analyze the frequency / amplitude correlation of its dynamic characteristics; and the present invention can be used to further analyze the influence of relevant parameters on the dynamic characteristics of the air spring, providing guidance for the design optimization work of the air spring. Description of the Drawings

[0033] Figure 1 It is a thermodynamic schematic diagram of the diaphragm air spring considering energy and temperature changes.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the calculation method for the parameters identification and dynamic mechanical characteristics of the diaphragm air spring.

[0035] Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the bearing capacity and height of the air spring obtained by testing.

[0036] Figure 3(b) is a schematic diagram of the air spring air pressure - height relationship obtained from testing.

[0037] Figure 4(a) is a schematic diagram of the air spring volume - height relationship obtained from calculation.

[0038] Figure 4(b) is a schematic diagram of the air spring effective area - height relationship obtained from calculation.

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the air spring quasi - static bearing capacity - displacement relationship obtained from testing.

[0040] Figure 6(a) is a schematic diagram of the air spring hysteresis loop at different frequencies obtained from calculation.

[0041] Figure 6(b) is a schematic diagram of the air spring hysteresis loop at different amplitudes obtained from calculation.

[0042] Figure 7(a) is a schematic diagram of the analysis of the hysteresis force varying with frequency for each amplitude based on the hysteresis loop.

[0043] Figure 7(b) is a schematic diagram of the analysis of the dynamic stiffness varying with frequency for each amplitude based on the hysteresis loop.

[0044] Figure 8(a) is a schematic diagram of the hysteresis force varying with frequency at different designed volumes obtained from calculation.

[0045] Figure 8(b) is a schematic diagram of the dynamic stiffness varying with frequency at different designed volumes obtained from calculation.

[0046] Figure 9(a) is a schematic diagram of the hysteresis force varying with frequency at different designed air pressures obtained from calculation.

[0047] Figure 9(b) is a schematic diagram of the dynamic stiffness varying with frequency at different designed air pressures obtained from calculation.

[0048] Figure 10(a) is a schematic diagram of the hysteresis force varying with frequency under different heat exchange performances obtained from calculation.

[0049] Figure 10(b) is a schematic diagram of the dynamic stiffness varying with frequency under different heat exchange performances obtained from calculation. Detailed implementation manners

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more explicit, the following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and by way of examples.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 2 , a method for identifying the parameters of a diaphragm air spring and calculating its dynamic mechanical characteristics provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Establish a model for identifying the parameters of the air spring and calculating its mechanical properties.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thermodynamic principle of the working process of the air spring is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the entire system is divided into three parts: compressed air, air spring components, and the external environment. The heat exchange surface between the compressed air and the air spring components is defined as interface 1, and the heat exchange surface between the air spring components and the external environment is interface 2.

[0054] An air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model is established according to the thermodynamic principle of the air spring working process. The air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model includes two parts: an air spring mechanical property calculation module and a heat exchange gas temperature calculation module. The heat exchange gas temperature calculation module is used to simulate the temperature change of the compressed air. If the simulated working condition is a static working condition, the air spring system is in an isothermal state and the compressed air temperature remains unchanged, then the heat exchange gas temperature calculation module is not connected, and the calculated temperature input is a constant T s0 = T u ; If the simulated working condition is a dynamic working condition, the air spring system is in a polytropic process or an adiabatic state, and the compressed air temperature changes, then the heat exchange gas temperature calculation module is connected. At this time, the real-time temperature calculated by the heat exchange gas temperature calculation module is used as the calculated temperature input to the air spring mechanical property calculation module for calculation.

[0055] During the working process of the air spring, the compressed gas provides the bearing capacity for the system, and at the same time it satisfies the ideal gas state equation. The expressions of the air spring mechanical property calculation module are as shown in formulas (1) and (2);

[0056] (b). During the working process of the air spring, the energy of the compressed air will change due to heat exchange, external work, and mass transfer, thereby causing the temperature Ts to change. The expressions of the heat exchange gas temperature calculation module are as shown in formulas (3) and (4).

[0057] F = (P s - P u )A e (1)

[0058] P s V s = m s RT s (2)

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] In the formula, F is the bearing capacity of the air spring; P s is the absolute pressure of the compressed gas; P u is the atmospheric pressure; Ae V is the effective pressure-bearing area of the air spring; s 、m s and T s are the volume, mass and temperature of the compressed gas respectively; R is the universal air constant; c V is the specific heat capacity of compressed air; α is the heat transfer coefficient of the boundary; m b 、c b are the equivalent mass and equivalent specific heat capacity of all parts of the air spring respectively; A w1 is the effective heat transfer area of interface 1; A w2 is the effective heat transfer area of interface 2; T w is the equivalent temperature of all parts of the air spring; T u is the ambient temperature.

[0062] The time domain simulation model is built by combining various methods. The displacement z of the air spring is the input of the time domain simulation model, and the bearing capacity F of the air spring is the output of the time domain simulation model. The appropriate calculation step size is set according to the solution accuracy and calculation efficiency. Based on the established time domain simulation model, the system parameter identification and dynamic characteristics calculation are completed.

[0063] Step 2: Obtain air spring static performance data.

[0064] The static mechanical property experiment of the air spring is carried out using a mechanical property experimental platform to measure the relationship between the load-bearing capacity, air pressure and displacement of the air spring in a static state, and form a load-bearing capacity-displacement relationship (Fz) and an air pressure-displacement relationship (Ps-z). In some embodiments of the present invention, the static mechanical property experiment of the air spring adopts the standard test method for air springs and rubber airbags for automobile suspension, the air spring is adjusted to a standard state, the air source is disconnected, the air spring is raised to the maximum allowable extension state and stays for a preset time (such as 5 minutes), and then the air spring is compressed to the maximum allowable compression state at a preset speed (such as 10mm / min), and the load-bearing capacity-displacement (Fz) curve and air pressure-displacement (Ps-z) curve of the compression process are continuously recorded, and the load-bearing capacity-displacement relationship (Fz) and air pressure-displacement relationship (Ps-z) obtained are shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(b).

[0065] Step 3: Obtain air spring structure calculation parameters.

[0066] The air spring structural calculation parameters include the volume-displacement relationship (Vs-z) and effective area-displacement relationship (Ae-z) of the air spring. Both are used as fixed structural data in subsequent calculations. The real-time volume and effective area data can be obtained by looking up the table based on the displacement input in the air spring parameter identification and mechanical performance calculation model.

[0067] Calculate the structural calculation parameters of the air spring based on the obtained static performance data of the air spring. Using the ideal gas state equation P s V s =m s RT s the mass m s of the compressed gas can be calculated. Using the formula P si V si =P s0 V s0 the volume V si of the air spring at different height positions i can be calculated, and the volume-displacement relationship (Vs-z) can be obtained. Among them, V s0 and P s0 are the design air pressure and design volume respectively, and V si and P si are the volume and air pressure of the air spring at different height positions i respectively. Using the air spring bearing capacity formula F=(P s -P u )A e the effective area A ei of the air spring at different height positions i can be calculated, and the effective area-displacement relationship (Ae-z) can be obtained. In some embodiments of the present invention, the obtained volume-displacement relationship (Vs-z) is shown in FIG. 4(a), and the effective area-displacement relationship (Ae-z) is shown in FIG. 4(b).

[0068] Step 4: Obtain the quasi-static performance data of the air spring.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present invention, a low-frequency reciprocating displacement excitation is required for the quasi-static performance test of the air spring. For air springs, 0.01 Hz is usually used as the excitation frequency. Use the mechanical property experimental platform to conduct the quasi-static mechanical property test of the air spring, apply a low-frequency reciprocating displacement excitation to the air spring, and record the load-bearing force-displacement relationship curve (F-z) of a complete cycle during the reciprocating motion of the air spring. The load-bearing force-displacement relationship curve of the air spring shows a closed hysteresis loop, as Figure 5 shown; define the difference between the loading and unloading curves at the zero position as the hysteresis force of the air spring, and obtain the hysteresis force Fh of the air spring under quasi-static conditions according to the test results.

[0070] Step 5: Obtain the thermodynamic parameters of the air spring.

[0071] Based on the measured hysteresis force \(F_h\) of the air spring under quasi-static conditions, the thermodynamic parameters of the air spring are identified using the air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model. Connect the heat exchange gas temperature calculation module in the established air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model, so that the temperature input of the air spring mechanical property calculation module in the calculation model changes from the constant \(T_u\) in step 3 to the real-time temperature calculated by the heat exchange gas temperature calculation module. The heat exchange gas temperature calculation module comprehensively considers the energy change due to external work the energy change caused by heat exchange (\(\alpha A\) w1 (T w -T s ), and the relationship between energy and temperature The air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model inputs a reciprocating displacement excitation with the same amplitude and frequency as the experiment. By modifying the heat exchange performance parameters \(\alpha A\) w1 and \(\alpha A\) w2 in the air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model, the hysteresis force calculated in the time domain is made consistent with the experimental results, that is, the parameter identification of the air spring thermodynamic parameters is completed.

[0072] When performing this step, the air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model is only used to identify the thermodynamic parameters of the air spring. Therefore, in Figure 2 this step, the calculation model established is also called the "air spring thermodynamic parameter identification model".

[0073] Step 6: Calculate the dynamic mechanical properties of the air spring.

[0074] Using the established air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model and the identified parameters, the dynamic characteristics of the air spring at different frequencies can be calculated. By plotting the hysteresis loop based on the output bearing capacity-displacement relationship (\(F - z\)), as shown in Figure 6, the hysteresis force \(F\) h and the dynamic stiffness \(K\) d at each frequency can be analyzed, as shown in Figure 7.

[0075] Furthermore, based on the air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model, the influence of each parameter on the dynamic characteristics of the air spring can be analyzed. The influencing parameters include the design volume \(V\) s0 , the design air pressure \(P\) s0 , the heat exchange performance \(\alpha A\), etc., as shown in Figures 8, 9, and 10.

[0076] When performing this step, the thermodynamic parameters in the air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model have been determined. At this time, the calculation model is only used for the dynamic characteristic calculation of the air spring. Therefore, in Figure 2Among them, the air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model established in this step is also called the "air spring dynamic characteristic calculation and analysis model".

[0077] In some embodiments of the present invention, a computer device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the foregoing method for identifying the parameters of the diaphragm air spring and calculating the dynamic mechanical properties is implemented.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the foregoing method for identifying the parameters of the diaphragm air spring and calculating the dynamic mechanical properties is implemented.

[0079] The method, device, and medium for identifying the parameters of the diaphragm air spring and calculating the dynamic mechanical properties provided by the embodiments of the present invention can identify the relevant parameters of the air spring through a small amount of static mechanical property test data, accurately predict the dynamic mechanical properties of the air spring, analyze the influence of key structural parameters on the performance, and thus provide a scientific basis for the design and optimization of the air spring.

[0080] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined in the present invention can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown in the present invention, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A calculation method for parameter identification and dynamic mechanical characteristics of a diaphragm air spring, characterized in that The following steps are involved: Establish an air spring parameter identification and mechanical performance calculation model, which includes an air spring mechanical characteristic calculation module and a heat exchange gas temperature calculation module. The calculation formulas in the air spring mechanical characteristic calculation module are shown in formulas (1) and (2). The calculation formulas (3) and (4) in the heat exchange gas temperature calculation module are shown as follows; F=(Ps-Pu)Ae (1) P s V s = m s RT s (2) Wherein, F is the bearing capacity of the air spring; P s is the absolute pressure of the compressed gas; P u is the atmospheric pressure; A e is the effective pressure-bearing area of the air spring; V s , m s and T s are respectively the volume, mass and temperature of the compressed gas; R is the universal gas constant; c V is the specific heat capacity of the compressed air; α is the heat transfer coefficient of the boundary; m b , c b are respectively the equivalent mass and equivalent specific heat capacity of all components of the air spring; A w1 is the effective heat transfer area of the heat exchange surface between the compressed air and the air spring components; A w2 is the effective heat transfer area of the heat exchange surface between the air spring components and the external environment; T w is the equivalent temperature of all components of the air spring; T u is the ambient temperature; Combine various methods to build a time domain simulation model. The displacement z of the air spring is the input of the time domain simulation model, and the bearing capacity F of the air spring is the output of the time domain simulation model. Obtain static performance data of air springs, including load-bearing capacity and air pressure data corresponding to different displacements of air springs in static state; Obtaining air spring structural calculation parameters, including the air spring volume Vs-displacement z relationship and effective area Ae-displacement z relationship; Obtain quasi-static performance data of the air spring, including the hysteresis force Fh of the air spring under quasi-static conditions; According to the hysteresis force Fh, the thermodynamic parameters of the air spring are identified by using the air spring parameter identification and mechanical performance calculation model to obtain the thermodynamic parameters of the air spring; The dynamic characteristics of the air spring at different frequencies are calculated by using the constructed air spring parameter identification and mechanical performance calculation model and the identified air spring thermodynamic parameters. The hysteresis loop is drawn through the output load-bearing capacity F-displacement relationship z, and the hysteresis force Fh and dynamic stiffness Kd at each frequency are analyzed based on the hysteresis loop.

2. The calculation method for parameter identification and dynamic mechanical characteristics of the diaphragm air spring according to claim 1, wherein: The static performance data of the air spring is obtained by conducting a static mechanical characteristics experiment on the air spring to form the relationship between the load-bearing capacity F and the displacement z and the relationship between the air pressure Ps and the displacement z.

3. The calculation method for parameter identification and dynamic mechanical characteristics of the diaphragm air spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The obtaining of air spring structure calculation parameters includes: Calculate the structural calculation parameters of the air spring based on the static performance data of the air spring, and use the ideal gas state equation P s V s = m s RT s to calculate the mass m of the compressed gas s ; use the formula P si V si = P s0 V s0 to calculate the volume V of the air spring at different height positions i, obtain the relationship between volume Vs - displacement z, where V si and P s0 are the design air pressure and design volume respectively, and V s0 and P si and P si are the volume and air pressure of the air spring at different height positions i respectively; use the air spring bearing capacity formula F = (P s - P u )A e to calculate the effective area A of the air spring at different height positions i ei , and obtain the relationship between effective area Ae - displacement z.

4. The calculation method for the parameter identification and dynamic mechanical characteristics of the diaphragm air spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the quasi-static performance data of the air spring is: A quasi-static mechanical property test of the air spring is carried out. A low-frequency reciprocating displacement excitation is applied to the air spring, and the load-bearing capacity F-displacement z relationship curve of the air spring in a complete cycle during the reciprocating motion is recorded. The load-bearing capacity F-displacement z relationship curve of the air spring is expressed as a closed hysteresis loop. The difference between the loading and unloading curves at zero position is defined as the hysteresis force of the air spring. The hysteresis force Fh of the air spring under quasi-static conditions is obtained based on the test results.

5. The calculation method for the parameter identification and dynamic mechanical characteristics of the diaphragm air spring according to claim 4, characterized in that: The static mechanical properties experiment of air spring is carried out through the mechanical properties experimental platform.

6. The calculation method for identifying the parameters of the diaphragm air spring and calculating the dynamic mechanical characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange gas temperature calculation module comprehensively considers the energy change caused by external work, the energy change caused by heat exchange, and the relationship between energy and temperature.

7. The calculation method for identifying the parameters of a diaphragm air spring and its dynamic mechanical characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: Connect the heat exchange gas temperature calculation module to the constructed air spring parameter identification and mechanical performance calculation model, so that the temperature input of the air spring mechanical characteristic calculation module in the air spring parameter identification and mechanical performance calculation model is the real-time temperature calculated by the heat exchange gas temperature calculation module; The air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model inputs reciprocating displacement excitations with the same amplitude and frequency as the experiment, and completes the parameter identification of the air spring thermodynamic parameters by modifying the heat exchange performance parameters αA w1 and αA w2 in the air spring parameter identification and mechanical property calculation model to make the hysteresis force calculated in the time domain consistent with the experimental results.

8. The calculation method for parameter identification and dynamic mechanical characteristics of a diaphragm air spring according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: Among them, the heat exchange gas temperature calculation module is used to simulate the temperature change of compressed air. If the simulated working condition is a static working condition, the air spring system is in an isothermal state and the temperature of the compressed air remains unchanged, then the heat exchange gas temperature calculation module is not connected, and the calculated temperature input is a constant T s0 = T u ; If the simulated working condition is a dynamic working condition, the system is in a polytropic process or an adiabatic state, and the temperature of the compressed air changes, then the heat exchange gas temperature calculation module is connected. At this time, the real-time temperature calculated by the heat exchange gas temperature calculation module is used as the calculated temperature input to the air spring mechanical property calculation module for calculation.

9. A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, the method for calculating the parameters of the membrane air spring and the dynamic mechanical characteristics as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for calculating the parameters of a membrane air spring and the dynamic mechanical characteristics as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

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