System for efficiently utilizing biomass to prepare green methanol

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for efficiently utilizing biomass to prepare green methanol. The system comprises a biomass pyrolysis unit, a synthesis gas preparation unit, a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjusting unit and a green methanol synthesis unit, the biomass is conveyed to a biomass pyrolysis unit to be subjected to a pyrolysis reaction, then gas-solid separation is conducted, and biochar and biomass pyrolysis gas are obtained; conveying the biochar and fresh water and / or seawater to a synthesis gas preparation unit for water gas reaction to obtain synthesis gas and co-production by-products; the synthesis gas and the biomass pyrolysis gas are fed into a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjusting unit to adjust the ratio of hydrogen-carbon components in the synthesis gas and the biomass pyrolysis gas, so that the ratio meets the stoichiometric hydrogen-carbon molar ratio requirement required by the green methanol synthesis reaction; the synthesis gas and the biomass pyrolysis gas meeting the hydrogen-carbon molar ratio are conveyed to a green methanol synthesis subunit for a methanol synthesis reaction, and green methanol is obtained; in the green methanol, carbon atoms come from biomass, and hydrogen atoms come from biomass, fresh water or seawater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of clean energy preparation, and more specifically, to a system for efficiently utilizing biomass to produce green methanol. Background Art

[0002] Methanol is an important organic chemical raw material, and at the same time, it is also an energy source and vehicle fuel with excellent performance, and its market demand is increasing year by year. At present, about one-third of the global methanol production uses coal as a raw material, but it will cause a large amount of CO2 emissions and seriously pollute the environment. Therefore, the key to preparing green methanol lies in the carbon source.

[0003] Biomass energy is an ideal renewable energy source. Biomass resources in China are quite rich, and a large amount of agricultural, industrial and forestry waste is produced every year. Therefore, converting waste biomass energy into methanol to replace fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas is of great significance for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and even ensuring China's future energy security.

[0004] In the prior art, the preparation of green methanol from biomass mainly uses the gasification method. However, the fluidized bed equipment used in the biomass gasification process has a high cost, and the biomass gasification equipment has poor versatility for gasification tests of various biomass or mixed biomass raw materials. At the same time, the gas components prepared by biomass thermochemical gasification do not meet the requirements of green methanol synthesis technology, and there is also the problem of low biomass utilization rate, which severely restricts the flexible production of green methanol. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects existing in the prior art, and provide a system for efficiently utilizing biomass to produce green methanol. For the different products obtained by biomass pyrolysis, different process routes are designed, and the biomass pyrolysis unit, the unit for producing green methanol from pyrolysis solid-phase products, and the unit for producing green methanol from pyrolysis gas-phase products are combined. It not only realizes the comprehensive and efficient utilization of biomass and water resources to meet the development needs of green energy, but also the carbon atoms in the prepared green methanol all come from biochar, the carbon atoms in biochar come from CO2 in the air, and the CO2 generated by the combustion of green methanol returns to the air, realizing carbon self-circulation. No new carbon emissions are added in the whole process, and it has a very high carbon source utilization rate, which can relieve the energy crisis, reduce air pollution and protect the environment.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A system for efficiently utilizing biomass to produce green methanol, the system comprising a biomass pyrolysis unit, a syngas preparation unit, a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit, and a green methanol synthesis unit; the biomass is transported to the biomass pyrolysis unit for pyrolysis reaction, and after the reaction, gas-solid separation is carried out to obtain biochar and biomass pyrolysis gas; the biomass pyrolysis gas includes one or more of CO, CO2, H2, and CH4; the biochar is transported to the syngas preparation unit together with fresh water and / or seawater for water-gas reaction to obtain syngas and co-produced by-products; the syngas includes one or more of CO, CO2, H2, and CH4; the co-produced by-products include one or more of activated biochar, aldehydes, ketones, acids, sodium salts, calcium salts, and magnesium salts; the syngas and the biomass pyrolysis gas are sent to the hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit to adjust the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas and the biomass pyrolysis gas to meet the requirement of the stoichiometric hydrogen-carbon molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 required for the green methanol synthesis reaction; the syngas and the biomass pyrolysis gas that meet the hydrogen-carbon molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 are transported to the green methanol synthesis sub-unit for methanol synthesis reaction to obtain green methanol; the carbon atoms in the green methanol come from biomass, and the hydrogen atoms come from biomass, fresh water, or seawater.

[0008] Optionally, the energy sources used in the system are one or both of green electricity and biomass energy.

[0009] Optionally, the hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit includes one or more of a dry reforming process, a green hydrogen supplementation process, a membrane separation process, a pressure swing adsorption process, and a carbon supplementation process.

[0010] Optionally, when the H2 / CO molar ratio in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas is lower than 2:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas specifically includes the following steps: converting CH4 in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas into H2 and CO using the dry reforming process, then separating CO using the membrane separation technology or the pressure swing adsorption technology, and introducing H2 using the green hydrogen supplementation process to make the H2 / CO molar ratio in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas meet 2:1.

[0011] Optionally, when the H2 / CO molar ratio in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas is higher than 2:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas specifically includes the following steps: converting CH4 in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas into H2 and CO using the dry reforming process, then separating H2 using the membrane separation technology or the pressure swing adsorption technology to make the H2 / CO molar ratio in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas meet 2:1; storing the separated H2, which can be used as standby green hydrogen.

[0012] Optionally, when the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas and / or the pyrolysis gas of biomass is lower than 3:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas and / or the pyrolysis gas of biomass specifically includes the following steps: separating CO2 by using the membrane separation technology or the pressure swing adsorption technology, and introducing H2 by using the green hydrogen supplementation process, so that the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas and / or the pyrolysis gas of biomass meets 3:1.

[0013] Optionally, when the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas and / or the pyrolysis gas of biomass is higher than 3:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas and / or the pyrolysis gas of biomass specifically includes the following steps: introducing the CO2 captured by the carbon capture system powered by green electricity for supplementation, so that the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas and / or the pyrolysis gas of biomass meets 3:1.

[0014] Optionally, the temperature of the pyrolysis reaction is 350°C to 950°C; the time of the pyrolysis reaction is 10 min to 30 min; the temperature of the water-gas shift reaction is 350°C to 1000°C; the time of the water-gas shift reaction is 1 s to 3 h.

[0015] Optionally, the biomass includes one or more of agricultural and forestry waste, domestic waste, and municipal sludge; the fresh water and / or seawater includes one or more of natural water bodies, industrial wastewater, manufacturing wastewater, and food processing wastewater.

[0016] Optionally, the mass ratio of the biochar to the biomass is (0.2 to 0.5):1.

[0017] Implementing the embodiments of the present invention will have the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention provides a system for efficiently utilizing biomass to produce green methanol, which conducts co-production for different products obtained from biomass pyrolysis, combines a biomass pyrolysis unit, a unit for producing green methanol from pyrolyzed solid-phase products, and a unit for producing green methanol from pyrolyzed gas-phase products. It not only realizes the comprehensive and efficient utilization of biomass and water resources to meet the development needs of green energy, but also can effectively and efficiently, stably and economically convert the biomass pyrolysis gas and biochar generated by biomass pyrolysis into green methanol. Moreover, the energy used in the system is one or both of green electricity and biomass energy. Among them, the carbon atoms in the green methanol prepared from biomass pyrolysis gas and biochar all come from biochar, the carbon atoms in biochar come from CO2 in the air, and the CO2 generated by the combustion of green methanol returns to the air, realizing carbon self-circulation. There is no new carbon emission in the whole process, and it has a very high carbon source utilization rate, which can alleviate the energy crisis, reduce air pollution and protect the environment. On this basis, the present invention also solves the problem that the hydrogen-carbon molar ratio in traditional gas production by pyrolysis cannot reach the theoretical ratio of methanol synthesis through the set hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment subunit, directly obtains synthesis gas with a hydrogen-carbon molar ratio meeting the requirements by adjusting the gas ratio, realizes the complete conversion of all components, will not cause "hydrogen deficiency or carbon deficiency" to affect the overall process, and ensures the high productivity of green methanol. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the system for efficiently utilizing biomass to produce green methanol according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] The following further illustrates the present invention with specific embodiments, but does not limit the present invention in any way.

[0021] The present invention discloses a system for efficiently utilizing biomass to produce green methanol, as Figure 1 shown, Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the system for efficiently utilizing biomass to produce green methanol according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system includes a biomass pyrolysis unit, a synthesis gas preparation unit, a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit, and a green methanol synthesis unit.

[0022] Furthermore, the biomass is transported to the biomass pyrolysis unit for pyrolysis reaction, and after the reaction, gas-solid separation is carried out to obtain biochar and biomass pyrolysis gas; the biomass pyrolysis gas includes one or more of CO, CO2, H2, and CH4.

[0023] In a specific embodiment, the biomass includes one or more of agricultural and forestry wastes, domestic garbage, and municipal sludge.

[0024] In a specific embodiment, the fresh water and / or seawater includes one or more of natural water bodies, industrial wastewater, manufacturing wastewater, and food processing wastewater.

[0025] In a specific embodiment, the temperature of the pyrolysis reaction is 350°C to 950°C; the time of the pyrolysis reaction is 10 min to 30 min.

[0026] In a specific embodiment, a carrier gas can be introduced during the pyrolysis reaction, and the carrier gas is one or more of nitrogen and inert gases, and the inert gas is one or more of helium, neon, argon, krypton, and xenon.

[0027] In a specific embodiment, the mass ratio of biochar to biomass is (0.2 to 0.5):1.

[0028] In a specific embodiment, the pyrolysis treatment is preferably carried out in a conventional pyrolysis device.

[0029] In a specific embodiment, the present invention has no special limitation on gas-solid separation, and the process well-known to those skilled in the art can be adopted.

[0030] Further, the biochar and fresh water and / or seawater are transported to a syngas preparation unit for a water-gas reaction to obtain syngas and co-produced by-products; the syngas includes one or more of CO, CO2, H2, and CH4; the co-produced by-products include one or more of activated biochar, aldehydes, ketones, acids, sodium salts, calcium salts, and magnesium salts.

[0031] Specifically, the reaction equations for preparing syngas by the water-gas reaction using biochar and fresh water and / or seawater as raw materials are shown in (1) and (2) respectively:

[0032] (1) C + H2O → H2 + CO;

[0033] (2) C + 2H2O → 2H2 + CO2;

[0034] In a specific embodiment, the temperature of the water-gas reaction is 350°C to 1000°C; the time of the water-gas reaction is 1 s to 3 h.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the co-produced by-products of the water-gas reaction can be treated by conventional post-treatment methods and can be reused as chemical raw materials.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, the conventional post-treatment method can include a combination of multi-stage condensation, gas separation, and gas adsorption to separate and purify the above co-produced by-products.

[0037] Further, the syngas and the biomass pyrolysis gas are sent to a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit to adjust the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas and the biomass pyrolysis gas to meet the requirement of the stoichiometric hydrogen-carbon molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 required for the green methanol synthesis reaction, so as to solve the problem that the hydrogen-carbon molar ratio in the traditional gas production by pyrolysis cannot reach the theoretical ratio of methanol synthesis. By adjusting the gas ratio, syngas and biomass pyrolysis gas with a hydrogen-carbon molar ratio meeting the requirements are directly obtained, realizing the complete conversion of all components, without causing "hydrogen deficiency or carbon deficiency" to affect the overall process, and ensuring a high yield of green methanol.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, the hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit includes one or more of a dry reforming process, a green hydrogen supplementation process, a membrane separation process, a pressure swing adsorption process, and a carbon supplementation process.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, when the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas is lower than 2:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas specifically includes the following steps: converting CH4 in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas into H2 and CO by a dry reforming process, then separating CO by a membrane separation technology or a pressure swing adsorption technology, and introducing H2 by a green hydrogen supplementation process, so that the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas meets 2:1.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, when the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas is higher than 2:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas specifically includes the following steps: converting CH4 in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas into H2 and CO by a dry reforming process, then separating H2 by a membrane separation technology or a pressure swing adsorption technology, so that the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas meets 2:1; storing the separated H2, which can be used as standby green hydrogen.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, the separated H2 is stored and can be used as standby green hydrogen. Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention can also be provided with a hydrogen storage unit, which stores the separated H2 and inputs H2 to the green methanol synthesis unit to ensure a continuous and stable input of H2 to the subsequent green methanol synthesis unit.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, when the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas is lower than 3:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas specifically includes the following steps: separating CO2 by a membrane separation technology or a pressure swing adsorption technology, and introducing H2 by a green hydrogen supplementation process, so that the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas meets 3:1.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, when the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in syngas and / or biomass pyrolysis gas is higher than 3:1, adjusting the ratio between hydrogen and carbon components in syngas and / or biomass pyrolysis gas specifically includes the following steps: introducing CO2 captured by a carbon capture system powered by green electricity for supplementation so that the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in syngas and / or biomass pyrolysis gas meets 3:1.

[0044] Furthermore, syngas and biomass pyrolysis gas with a hydrogen-carbon molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 are transported to the green methanol synthesis sub-unit for methanol synthesis reaction to obtain green methanol; the carbon atoms in green methanol come from biomass, and the hydrogen atoms come from biomass, fresh water, or seawater.

[0045] Specifically, the reaction formulas for preparing green methanol using CO, CO2, and H2 as raw materials are shown in (1) and (2) respectively:

[0046] (1) CO + 2H2 → CH3OH;

[0047] (2) CO2 + 3H2 → CH3OH + H2O;

[0048] Specifically, both the carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms in the green methanol prepared from biomass pyrolysis gas come from biomass. The carbon atoms in the green methanol prepared from biochar and fresh water and / or seawater come from biomass, and the hydrogen atoms come from fresh water and / or seawater.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, all the energy sources used by the system are green electricity.

[0050] The following are specific embodiments

[0051] Example 1

[0052] The high-efficiency biomass utilization system for preparing green methanol in this example includes a biomass pyrolysis unit, a syngas preparation unit, a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit, and a green methanol synthesis unit, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0053] 1) Transport rice husks to the biomass pyrolysis unit for pyrolysis reaction at 650 °C. After the reaction, biochar and biomass pyrolysis gas are obtained, and the gas components of the biomass pyrolysis gas are shown in Table 1.

[0054] Table 1 Analysis data of the main components of biomass pyrolysis gas

[0055] <![CDATA[H2 mol%]]> CO mol% <![CDATA[CH4 mol%]]> <![CDATA[CO2 mol%]]> 24 38 18 20

[0056] 2) Transport the biochar and seawater to the syngas preparation unit to carry out the water-gas reaction at 750 °C for 3 h. The reaction equations are shown in (1) and (2) respectively. The gas composition of the obtained syngas is shown in Table 2:

[0057] (1) C + H2O → H2 + CO;

[0058] (2) C + 2H2O → 2H2 + CO2;

[0059] Table 2 Analysis data of gas volume percentage

[0060] <![CDATA[H2%]]> CO% <![CDATA[CH4%]]> <![CDATA[CO2%]]> 35 42 8 15

[0061] 3) Send the syngas and the biomass pyrolysis gas to the H / C ratio adjustment unit to adjust the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components to meet the requirement of the stoichiometric H / C molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 required for the green methanol synthesis reaction. If the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas is lower than 2:1, convert the CH4 in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas into H2 and CO by the dry reforming process, then separate CO by the membrane separation technology or the pressure swing adsorption technology, and introduce H2 by the green hydrogen supplementation process; if it is higher than 2:1, convert the CH4 in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas into H2 and CO by the dry reforming process, then separate H2 by the membrane separation technology or the pressure swing adsorption technology. If the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas is lower than 3:1, separate CO2 by the membrane separation technology or the pressure swing adsorption technology, and introduce H2 by the green hydrogen supplementation process. If the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas is higher than 3:1, supplement with the CO2 captured by the carbon capture system powered by green electricity.

[0062] 4) Transport the above syngas and biomass pyrolysis gas that meet the H / C molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 to the green methanol synthesis unit to carry out the methanol synthesis reaction to obtain green methanol. The reaction equations are shown in (1) and (2) respectively:

[0063] (1) CO + 2H2 → CH3OH;

[0064] (2) CO2 + 3H2 → CH3OH + H2O;

[0065] Example 2

[0066] The high-efficiency biomass-based green methanol production system in this example includes a biomass pyrolysis unit, a syngas preparation unit, an H / C ratio adjustment unit, and a green methanol synthesis unit.

[0067] 1) The corn straw is transported to the biomass pyrolysis unit for pyrolysis reaction at 650 °C. After the reaction, biochar and biomass pyrolysis gas are obtained. The gas components of the biomass pyrolysis gas are shown in Table 3.

[0068] Table 3 Analysis data of the main components of biomass pyrolysis gas

[0069] <![CDATA[H2 mol%]]> CO mol% <![CDATA[CH4 mol%]]> <![CDATA[CO2 mol%]]> 24 38 18 20

[0070] 2) The biochar and fresh water are transported to the syngas preparation unit for the water-gas reaction at 750 °C for 3 h. The reaction equations are shown in (1) and (2) respectively. The gas components of the obtained syngas are shown in Table 4:

[0071] (1) C + H2O → H2 + CO;

[0072] (2) C + 2H2O → 2H2 + CO2;

[0073] Table 4 Analysis data of gas volume percentages

[0074] <![CDATA[H2%]]> CO% <![CDATA[CH4%]]> <![CDATA[CO2%]]> 25 58 5 12

[0075] 3) The obtained syngas and biomass pyrolysis gas are sent to the H / C ratio adjustment unit to adjust the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components according to the adjustment method of Example 1, so as to meet the requirement of the stoichiometric H / C molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 required for the green methanol synthesis reaction.

[0076] 4) The syngas and biomass pyrolysis gas that meet the H / C molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 are transported to the green methanol synthesis unit for methanol synthesis reaction to obtain green methanol. The reaction equations are shown in (1) and (2) respectively:

[0077] (1) CO + 2H2 → CH3OH;

[0078] (2) CO2 + 3H2 → CH3OH + H2O;

[0079] In summary, the present invention conducts co-production for different products obtained from biomass pyrolysis, combines a biomass pyrolysis unit, a unit for producing green methanol from pyrolyzed solid-phase products, and a unit for producing green methanol from pyrolyzed gas-phase products, not only realizing the comprehensive and efficient utilization of biomass and water resources to meet the development needs of green energy, but also effectively converting the biomass pyrolysis gas and biochar generated by biomass pyrolysis into green methanol efficiently, stably, and economically. Moreover, one ton of biochar can be converted into 0.1 to 0.5 tons of green methanol, and the energy used in the system is all green electricity and biomass energy. Among them, the carbon atoms in the green methanol prepared from biomass pyrolysis gas and biochar all come from biochar, the carbon atoms in biochar come from CO2 in the air, and the CO2 generated by the combustion of green methanol returns to the air, realizing carbon self-circulation. There is no new carbon emission in the whole process, and it has a very high carbon source utilization rate, which can alleviate the energy crisis, reduce air pollution, and protect the environment.

[0080] The above embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation to the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An efficient biomass-based green methanol production system, characterized in that, The system includes a biomass pyrolysis unit, a syngas preparation unit, a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit, and a green methanol synthesis unit; The biomass is transported to the biomass pyrolysis unit for pyrolysis reaction, and after the reaction, gas-solid separation is carried out to obtain biochar and biomass pyrolysis gas; the biomass pyrolysis gas includes one or more of CO, CO2, H2, and CH4; The biochar is transported to the syngas preparation unit together with fresh water and / or seawater for water-gas reaction to obtain syngas and co-produced by-products; the syngas includes one or more of CO, CO2, H2, and CH4; the co-produced by-products include one or more of activated biochar, aldehydes, ketones, acids, sodium salts, calcium salts, and magnesium salts; The syngas and the biomass pyrolysis gas are sent to the hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit to adjust the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas and the biomass pyrolysis gas to meet the requirement of the stoichiometric hydrogen-carbon molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 required for the green methanol synthesis reaction; The syngas and the biomass pyrolysis gas that meet the hydrogen-carbon molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 are transported to the green methanol synthesis sub-unit for methanol synthesis reaction to obtain green methanol; the carbon atoms in the green methanol come from biomass, and the hydrogen atoms come from biomass, fresh water, or seawater.

2. The high-efficiency biomass-based green methanol production system according to claim 1, wherein The energy sources used by the system are one or both of green electricity and biomass energy.

3. The high-efficiency biomass-based green methanol production system according to claim 1, characterized in that The hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit includes one or more of a dry reforming process, a green hydrogen supplementation process, a membrane separation process, a pressure swing adsorption process, and a carbon supplementation process.

4. The high-efficiency biomass-based green methanol production system according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas is lower than 2:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas specifically includes the following steps: After converting CH4 in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas into H2 and CO using the dry reforming process, separating CO using the membrane separation technology or the pressure swing adsorption technology, and introducing H2 using the green hydrogen supplementation process, so that the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas meets 2:

1.

5. The high-efficiency biomass-based green methanol production system according to claim 3, wherein, When the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas is higher than 2:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas specifically includes the following steps: After converting CH4 in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas into H2 and CO using the dry reforming process, separating H2 using the membrane separation technology or the pressure swing adsorption technology, so that the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas meets 2:1; storing the separated H2, which can be used as standby green hydrogen.

6. The high-efficiency biomass-based green methanol production system according to claim 3, wherein When the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas is lower than 3:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas specifically includes the following steps: Separating CO2 using the membrane separation technology or the pressure swing adsorption technology, and introducing H2 using the green hydrogen supplementation process, so that the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas and / or the biomass pyrolysis gas meets 3:

1.

7. The high-efficiency biomass-based green methanol production system according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas and / or the pyrolysis gas of biomass is higher than 3:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas and / or the pyrolysis gas of biomass specifically includes the following steps: introducing the CO2 captured by a carbon capture system powered by green electricity for supplementation so that the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas and / or the pyrolysis gas of biomass meets 3:

1.

8. The high-efficiency biomass-based green methanol production system according to claim 1, wherein The temperature of the pyrolysis reaction is 350°C to 950°C; The time of the pyrolysis reaction is 10 min to 30 min; The temperature of the water-gas shift reaction is 350°C to 1000°C; The time of the water-gas shift reaction is 1 s to 3 h.

9. The efficient biomass-based green methanol production system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biomass includes one or more of agricultural and forestry wastes, domestic garbage, and municipal sludge; The fresh water and / or seawater includes one or more of natural water bodies, industrial wastewater, manufacturing wastewater, and food processing wastewater.

10. The high-efficiency biomass-based green methanol production system according to claim 1, wherein The mass ratio of the biochar to the biomass is (0.2 to 0.5):1.

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