Metal-elastomer adhesive film-metal sound insulation composite material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal-elastomer adhesive film-metal sound insulation composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of metal-elastomer adhesive film-metal sound insulation composite materials. The preparation method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: carrying out epoxy group grafting modification on an elastomer to obtain a modified elastomer; blending and melting the modified elastomer and silicon dioxide particles, and carrying out calendering treatment to obtain an elastomer adhesive film; and the elastomer adhesive film and a metal material are subjected to hot pressing, and the metal-elastomer adhesive film-metal sound insulation composite material is obtained. The method solves the technical problem that an existing preparation method is difficult to realize excellent vibration reduction and tear resistance at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite materials, and particularly relates to a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an efficient acoustic damping material, polymer sound insulation materials can effectively reduce noise pollution by converting sound energy into heat energy through the internal friction of molecular chains due to their unique molecular structure and viscoelastic properties. Such materials are usually composed of a polymer matrix (such as polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, epoxy resin, etc.) and functional fillers (such as hollow glass microspheres, mica powder, etc.), and have excellent acoustic and mechanical properties. Among them, the acoustic properties are mainly reflected in key indicators such as the sound transmission loss (STL) and the noise reduction coefficient (NRC) of the material.

[0003] The metal-polymer composite material (MPCM) prepared by compounding metal and polymer is a new type of functional composite material. This material combines a metal matrix (such as aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy or titanium alloy) with a polymer layer (such as polyimide, polyether ether ketone, etc.) in a layered composite, fiber-reinforced or particle-filled manner, which can not only maintain the original high strength, high stiffness and good thermal conductivity of the metal material, but also effectively isolate noise by using the viscoelastic and damping properties of the polymer layer. Its sound insulation mechanism mainly includes the reflection, absorption and scattering of sound waves: the metal layer has a high reflectivity to high-frequency sound waves, while the polymer layer absorbs medium and low-frequency sound waves through the vibration and friction of molecular chains, so as to achieve a broadband sound insulation effect. In engineering applications, metal-polymer composite materials are often used in motor outer cover structural parts such as automobiles, refrigerators, and air conditioners. Taking automobiles as an example, the noise generated during motor operation mainly includes electromagnetic noise, mechanical noise and aerodynamic noise, and the frequency range of these noises is usually between 100 Hz and 5000 Hz. By using metal-polymer composite materials in the motor outer cover, the transmission of noise can be significantly reduced. Specifically, the metal layer can effectively shield high-frequency electromagnetic noise, while the polymer layer suppresses mechanical vibration and aerodynamic noise through its damping properties. In addition, this composite material also has good thermal management performance, which can quickly transfer the heat generated during motor operation, thereby further improving the operation efficiency and reliability of the motor.

[0004] In the actual manufacturing process, the preparation processes of metal-polymer composites include hot pressing, injection molding, lamination, etc. Among them, the hot pressing process can ensure good bonding between the metal and polymer interfaces, thereby improving the overall performance of the material. In addition, by adding nano-fillers (such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, etc.) to the polymer layer, the sound insulation performance and mechanical properties of the material can be further improved. Research shows that adding 1 wt% of carbon nanotubes can increase the sound insulation of the composite material by about 15% and significantly enhance its impact resistance. In short, as a multi-functional material, metal-polymer composites have broad application prospects in noise control and structural lightweighting. With the continuous progress of material science and manufacturing technology, such materials will play their unique advantages in more fields, providing effective solutions for industrial noise control and environmental protection.

[0005] In the prior art, composite materials are used to composite metal materials and polymer materials by coating binders such as acrylic resin or epoxy resin. Among them, the Chinese patent application with the publication number CN116745367A discloses a technical solution of composite foamed polyvinyl chloride with metal materials through acrylic resin to achieve the effect of vibration reduction; however, the composite sound insulation material prepared by this method has poor tear resistance, affecting the normal use of the composite material. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material, its preparation method and application, in order to solve the technical problem that it is difficult to simultaneously achieve excellent vibration reduction and tear resistance in the existing preparation methods.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention discloses a preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material, including the following steps: Graft-modify the elastomer with epoxy groups to obtain a modified elastomer; After blending and melting the modified elastomer with silica particles, perform calendering treatment to obtain an elastomer film; Hot press the elastomer film and the metal material to obtain a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material.

[0008] Further, the elastomer is one or more of polyolefin elastomer, polyurethane elastomer film and styrene elastomer.

[0009] Further, the specific steps of graft-modifying the elastomer with epoxy groups are: 100 parts by weight of an elastomer is mixed with 3 - 10 parts by weight of an epoxy group grafting agent and 0.1 - 0.5 parts by weight of an initiator in a molten state, and after heating and reacting, a modified elastomer is obtained; The initiator is one of dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, and tert-butyl benzoyl peroxide; The epoxy group grafting agent is glycidyl methacrylate, 1,2-epoxy-4-vinylcyclohexane, or 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride; The temperature of the heating reaction is 170 - 200 °C, and the time is 5 - 15 min.

[0010] Furthermore, the mass percentage of silica in the elastomer film is 0.1 - 1%.

[0011] Furthermore, the temperature of the co-blending and melting is 170 - 200 °C; the temperature of the calendering treatment is 60 - 200 °C, and the time is 20 - 600 s.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastomer film is one of a polyolefin elastomer film, a polyurethane elastomer film, and a SEBS elastomer film; the thickness of the elastomer film is 0.1 - 0.3 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the metal material is one of cold-rolled steel, stainless steel, and aluminum plate; the thickness of the metal material is 1 - 3 mm; the temperature of the hot pressing is 150 - 200 °C, and the time is 10 - 120 s.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material prepared by the above preparation method.

[0015] Furthermore, the T-peel strength of the metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material is 50 - 80 N / cm.

[0016] The present invention also discloses the application of the above metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material in automotive or household appliance structural parts.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention discloses a preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material. First, the elastomer is graft-modified with epoxy groups to improve its bonding performance. Subsequently, it is prepared into an elastomer film through a calendering process, and the elastomer film is heated to be melted and compounded with the metal material. This method adds an elastomer film to the core layer of the composite material and bonds the two outer layers through hot pressing, which can not only achieve a good bonding effect, making the composite material have excellent anti-peeling performance, but also play a damping and vibration reduction effect through the performance of the elastomer itself.

[0018] Furthermore, the elastomer has better bonding strength after epoxy modification to ensure the bonding force with metal. At the same time, adding silica particles to the adhesive film can increase the friction between molecular chains and further improve the sound insulation performance. The outer layer of the sound insulation composite material is made of metal material, which can ensure that the sound insulation material has sufficient mechanical properties.

[0019] The present invention also discloses a metal-elastomer adhesive film-metal sound insulation composite material prepared by the above preparation method. Compared with the existing sound insulation composite materials, the sound insulation composite material prepared by the present invention can be applied to more demanding working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a process flow chart of the preparation method of the metal-elastomer adhesive film-metal sound insulation composite material of the present invention; Figure 2 is a T-peel strength curve graph of the metal-elastomer adhesive film-metal sound insulation composite material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to understand the features and effects of the present invention, the following provides a general description and definition of the terms and phrases mentioned in the specification and claims. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art with respect to the present invention. In case of conflict, the definition in this specification shall prevail.

[0022] The theories or mechanisms described and disclosed herein, whether correct or incorrect, shall not in any way limit the scope of the present invention, that is, the content of the present invention can be implemented without being limited by any specific theory or mechanism.

[0023] In this article, all features defined in the form of numerical ranges or percentage ranges, such as numerical values, quantities, contents, and concentrations, are only for the sake of brevity and convenience. Accordingly, the description of numerical ranges or percentage ranges should be regarded as having covered and specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and individual numerical values within the range (including integers and fractions).

[0024] In this article, unless otherwise specified, the terms "comprising", "including", "containing", "having" or similar terms cover the meanings of "consisting of" and "mainly consisting of". For example, "A comprises a" covers the meanings of "A comprises a and others" and "A only comprises a".

[0025] In this document, for the sake of concise description, not all possible combinations of all technical features in each implementation or embodiment are described. Therefore, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, the technical features in each implementation or embodiment can be combined arbitrarily, and all possible combinations should be considered as the scope described in this specification.

[0026] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a metal - elastomer film - metal sound insulation composite material, including the following steps: Step 1: Graft - modify the elastomer with epoxy groups to obtain the modified elastomer; Step 2: After blending and melting the modified elastomer with silica particles, perform calendering treatment to obtain an elastomer film; Step 3: Thermally press the elastomer film and the metal material to obtain a metal - elastomer film - metal sound insulation composite material.

[0027] Preferably, the elastomer is one or more of polyolefin elastomer, polyurethane elastomer film, and styrenic elastomer.

[0028] Preferably, the elastomer film is one of polyolefin elastomer film, polyurethane elastomer film, and SEBS elastomer film.

[0029] Preferably, the grafting compound containing epoxy groups is one of glycidyl methacrylate, 1,2 - epoxy - 4 - vinylcyclohexane, and 2,3 - epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride.

[0030] Preferably, in the elastomer film, the mass percentage of the silica is 0.1 - 1%.

[0031] Preferably, the thickness of the elastomer film is 0.1 - 0.3 mm.

[0032] Preferably, the metal material is one of cold - rolled steel, stainless steel, and aluminum plate.

[0033] More preferably, the thickness of the metal material is 1 - 3 mm.

[0034] Preferably, the thermocompression preparation temperature is 150 - 200 °C; the thermocompression preparation time is 10 - 120 seconds.

[0035] The present invention also discloses a metal - elastomer film - metal sound insulation composite material prepared by the above - mentioned preparation method.

[0036] Preferably, the T - peel strength of the metal - elastomer film - metal sound insulation composite material is 50 - 80 N - cm.

[0037] The present invention also discloses the application of the above-mentioned metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material in automotive or household appliance structural components.

[0038] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

[0039] Conventional instrument equipment in the art is used in the following embodiments. For the experimental methods without specific conditions noted in the following embodiments, they are usually carried out under conventional conditions or according to the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Various raw materials are used in the following embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, commercially available products are used, and their specifications are conventional specifications in the art. In the specification of the present invention and the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, "%" represents weight percentage, "parts" represents weight parts, and the ratio represents weight ratio.

[0040] Example 1 A preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material includes the following steps: 100 parts by weight of SEBS, 3 parts by weight of glycidyl methacrylate, and 0.3 parts by weight of benzoyl peroxide are subjected to a graft reaction at 180°C for 10 minutes to obtain a modified elastomer; The modified elastomer and 0.2 parts by weight of silica particles are melt-blended at 180°C and then calendered at 150°C for 120 s, and after cooling, an SEBS film with a thickness of 0.1 mm is obtained; A 2-mm-thick cold-rolled steel, the SEBS film, and a 1-mm-thick cold-rolled steel are hot-pressed at 180°C for 60 s to obtain a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material.

[0041] Figure 2 The T-peel strength curve of the metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material prepared in Example 1 can be seen. The sound transmission loss of the metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material is 32 dB, and the T-peel strength is 76 N-cm.

[0042] Example 2 A preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material includes the following steps: 100 parts by weight of SEBS, 3 parts by weight of glycidyl methacrylate, and 0.3 parts by weight of benzoyl peroxide are subjected to a graft reaction at 180°C for 10 minutes to obtain a modified elastomer; After blending and melting the modified elastomer with 0.2 parts by weight of silica particles at 180 °C, calendering treatment is carried out at 150 °C for 120 s, and after cooling, an SEBS film with a thickness of 0.1 mm is obtained; After hot pressing a 2-mm-thick cold-rolled steel, the SEBS film and a 1-mm-thick cold-rolled steel at 180 °C for 60 s, a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material is obtained.

[0043] After testing, the sound transmission loss of the sound insulation composite material is 28 dB, and the T-peel strength is 76 N / cm.

[0044] Example 3 A preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material includes the following steps: After grafting reaction of 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with 5 parts by weight of 1,2-epoxy-4-vinylcyclohexane and 0.3 parts by weight of benzoyl peroxide at 180 °C for 10 minutes, a modified elastomer is obtained; After blending and melting the modified elastomer with 0.2 parts by weight of silica particles at 180 °C, calendering treatment is carried out at 160 °C for 150 s, and after cooling, a polyurethane elastomer film with a thickness of 0.3 mm is obtained; After hot pressing a 1-mm-thick aluminum plate, the polyurethane elastomer film and a 1-mm-thick aluminum plate at 180 °C for 60 s, a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material is obtained.

[0045] After testing, the sound transmission loss of the sound insulation composite material is 32 dB, and the T-peel strength is 75 N / cm.

[0046] Example 4 A preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material includes the following steps: After grafting reaction of 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with 10 parts by weight of 1,2-epoxy-4-vinylcyclohexane and 0.3 parts by weight of benzoyl peroxide at 180 °C for 10 minutes, a modified elastomer is obtained; After blending and melting the modified elastomer with 0.2 parts by weight of silica particles at 180 °C, calendering treatment is carried out at 160 °C for 150 s, and after cooling, a polyurethane elastomer film with a thickness of 0.1 mm is obtained; After hot pressing a 1-mm-thick stainless steel, the polyurethane film and a 1-mm-thick cold-rolled steel at 180 °C for 120 s, a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material is obtained.

[0047] After testing, the sound transmission loss of the sound insulation composite material is 35 dB, and the T-peel strength is 76 N / cm.

[0048] Example 5 A preparation method of a metal - elastomer film - metal sound insulation composite material, comprising the following steps: Graft - react 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with 6 parts by weight of 2,3 - epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride and 0.1 part by weight of tert - butyl peroxybenzoate at 170 °C for 5 minutes to obtain a modified elastomer; Mix and melt the modified elastomer with 0.2 part by weight of silica particles at 170 °C, then perform calendering treatment at 60 °C for 600 s, and cool to obtain an elastomer film with a thickness of 0.3 mm; After hot - pressing a 1 - mm - thick stainless steel, polyurethane film and a 1 - mm - thick cold - rolled steel at 180 °C for 120 s, a metal - elastomer film - metal sound insulation composite material is obtained.

[0049] Example 6 A preparation method of a metal - elastomer film - metal sound insulation composite material, comprising the following steps: Graft - react 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with 6 parts by weight of 2,3 - epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride and 0.1 part by weight of tert - butyl peroxybenzoate at 170 °C for 5 minutes to obtain a modified elastomer; Mix and melt the modified elastomer with 0.2 part by weight of silica particles at 170 °C, then perform calendering treatment at 60 °C for 600 s, and cool to obtain an elastomer film with a thickness of 0.3 mm; After hot - pressing a 3 - mm - thick stainless steel, polyurethane film and a 3 - mm - thick cold - rolled steel at 180 °C for 120 s, a metal - elastomer film - metal sound insulation composite material is obtained.

[0050] Example 7 A preparation method of a metal - elastomer film - metal sound insulation composite material, comprising the following steps: Graft - react 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with 6 parts by weight of 2,3 - epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride and 0.1 part by weight of tert - butyl peroxybenzoate at 170 °C for 5 minutes to obtain a modified elastomer; Mix and melt the modified elastomer with 0.2 part by weight of silica particles at 170 °C, then perform calendering treatment at 60 °C for 600 s, and cool to obtain an elastomer film with a thickness of 0.3 mm; After hot - pressing a 1 - mm - thick stainless steel, polyurethane film and a 1 - mm - thick cold - rolled steel at 150 °C for 120 s, a metal - elastomer film - metal sound insulation composite material is obtained.

[0051] Example 8 A preparation method of a metal - elastomer film - metal sound - insulation composite material, comprising the following steps: After grafting reaction of 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with 5 parts by weight of 1,2 - epoxy - 4 - vinylcyclohexane and 0.3 parts by weight of benzoyl peroxide at 180 °C for 10 minutes, a modified elastomer is obtained; After melt - blending the modified elastomer with 0.2 parts by weight of silica particles at 180 °C and then performing calendering treatment at 160 °C for 150 s, and cooling, a polyurethane elastomer film with a thickness of 0.3 mm is obtained; After hot - pressing a 2 - mm - thick aluminum plate, the polyurethane elastomer film and a 2 - mm - thick aluminum plate at 200 °C for 10 s, a metal - elastomer film - metal sound - insulation composite material is obtained.

[0052] Example 9 A preparation method of a metal - elastomer film - metal sound - insulation composite material, comprising the following steps: After grafting reaction of 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with 5 parts by weight of 1,2 - epoxy - 4 - vinylcyclohexane and 0.3 parts by weight of benzoyl peroxide at 180 °C for 10 minutes, a modified elastomer is obtained; After melt - blending the modified elastomer with 0.2 parts by weight of silica particles at 180 °C and then performing calendering treatment at 160 °C for 150 s, and cooling, a polyurethane elastomer film with a thickness of 0.3 mm is obtained; After hot - pressing a 2 - mm - thick aluminum plate, the polyurethane elastomer film and a 2 - mm - thick aluminum plate at 150 °C for 120 s, a metal - elastomer film - metal sound - insulation composite material is obtained.

[0053] Example 10 A preparation method of a metal - elastomer film - metal sound - insulation composite material, comprising the following steps: After grafting reaction of 100 parts by weight of SEBS with 3 parts by weight of glycidyl methacrylate and 0.3 parts by weight of dicumyl peroxide at 180 °C for 10 minutes, a modified elastomer is obtained; After melt - blending the modified elastomer with 0.2 parts by weight of silica particles at 180 °C and then performing calendering treatment at 150 °C for 120 s, and cooling, an SEBS film with a thickness of 0.1 mm is obtained; After hot - pressing a 2 - mm - thick cold - rolled steel, the SEBS film and a 1 - mm - thick cold - rolled steel at 180 °C for 60 s, a metal - elastomer film - metal sound - insulation composite material is obtained.

[0054] Example 11 A preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material, comprising the following steps: 100 parts by weight of SEBS, 3 parts by weight of glycidyl methacrylate, and 0.3 parts by weight of tert-butyl peroxybenzoate are subjected to a grafting reaction at 180 °C for 10 minutes to obtain a modified elastomer; The modified elastomer and 0.2 parts by weight of silica particles are melt-blended at 180 °C, and then calendered at 150 °C for 120 s, and after cooling, an SEBS film with a thickness of 0.1 mm is obtained; A 1-mm-thick cold-rolled steel, the SEBS film, and a 3-mm-thick cold-rolled steel are hot-pressed at 180 °C for 60 s to obtain a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material.

[0055] Example 12 A preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material, comprising the following steps: 100 parts by weight of SEBS, 3 parts by weight of glycidyl methacrylate, and 0.3 parts by weight of dicumyl peroxide are subjected to a grafting reaction at 180 °C for 10 minutes to obtain a modified elastomer; The modified elastomer and 0.2 parts by weight of silica particles are melt-blended at 180 °C, and then calendered at 150 °C for 120 s, and after cooling, an SEBS film with a thickness of 0.1 mm is obtained; A 2-mm-thick cold-rolled steel, the SEBS film, and a 1-mm-thick cold-rolled steel are hot-pressed at 150 °C for 80 s to obtain a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material.

[0056] Example 13 A preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material, comprising the following steps: 100 parts by weight of SEBS, 3 parts by weight of glycidyl methacrylate, and 0.3 parts by weight of tert-butyl peroxybenzoate are subjected to a grafting reaction at 180 °C for 10 minutes to obtain a modified elastomer; The modified elastomer and 0.2 parts by weight of silica particles are melt-blended at 180 °C, and then calendered at 150 °C for 120 s, and after cooling, an SEBS film with a thickness of 0.1 mm is obtained; A 1-mm-thick stainless steel, the SEBS film, and a 3-mm-thick stainless steel are hot-pressed at 180 °C for 60 s to obtain a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material.

[0057] Example 14 A preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material, comprising the following steps: After grafting 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with 10 parts by weight of 1,2-epoxy-4-vinylcyclohexane and 0.3 parts by weight of benzoyl peroxide at 180 °C for 10 minutes, a modified elastomer is obtained; After blending and melting the modified elastomer with 0.2 parts by weight of silica particles at 175 °C, calendering treatment is carried out at 160 °C for 150 s, and then cooling to obtain a polyurethane elastomer film with a thickness of 0.1 mm; After hot pressing a 1 mm thick stainless steel, polyurethane film and a 1 mm thick cold-rolled steel at 180 °C for 120 s, a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material is obtained.

[0058] Example 15 A preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material, comprising the following steps: After grafting 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with 10 parts by weight of 1,2-epoxy-4-vinylcyclohexane and 0.3 parts by weight of benzoyl peroxide at 180 °C for 10 minutes, a modified elastomer is obtained; After blending and melting the modified elastomer with 0.2 parts by weight of silica particles at 190 °C, calendering treatment is carried out at 160 °C for 300 s, and then cooling to obtain a polyurethane elastomer film with a thickness of 0.1 mm; After hot pressing a 1 mm thick stainless steel, polyurethane film and a 1 mm thick cold-rolled steel at 180 °C for 120 s, a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material is obtained.

[0059] Example 16 A preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material, comprising the following steps: After grafting 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with 10 parts by weight of 1,2-epoxy-4-vinylcyclohexane and 0.3 parts by weight of benzoyl peroxide at 190 °C for 14 minutes, a modified elastomer is obtained; After blending and melting the modified elastomer with 0.2 parts by weight of silica particles at 190 °C, calendering treatment is carried out at 160 °C for 300 s, and then cooling to obtain a polyurethane elastomer film with a thickness of 0.1 mm; After hot pressing a 1 mm thick stainless steel, polyurethane film and a 1 mm thick cold-rolled steel at 180 °C for 120 s, a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material is obtained.

[0060] Example 17 A preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material, comprising the following steps: After grafting 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with 10 parts by weight of glycidyl methacrylate and 0.1 part by weight of dicumyl peroxide at 190 °C for 14 minutes, a modified elastomer is obtained; After blending and melting the modified elastomer with 0.2 part by weight of silica particles at 190 °C, calendering treatment is carried out at 160 °C for 300 s, and then cooling to obtain a polyurethane elastomer film with a thickness of 0.1 mm; After hot pressing a 1-mm-thick stainless steel, the polyurethane film and a 1-mm-thick cold-rolled steel at 180 °C for 120 s, a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material is obtained.

[0061] Example 18 A preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material includes the following steps: After grafting 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with 10 parts by weight of glycidyl methacrylate and 0.1 part by weight of dicumyl peroxide at 190 °C for 14 minutes, a modified elastomer is obtained; After blending and melting the modified elastomer with 0.2 part by weight of silica particles at 190 °C, calendering treatment is carried out at 150 °C for 550 s, and then cooling to obtain a polyurethane elastomer film with a thickness of 0.1 mm; After hot pressing a 1-mm-thick stainless steel, the polyurethane film and a 1-mm-thick cold-rolled steel at 180 °C for 120 s, a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material is obtained.

[0062] Example 19 A preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material includes the following steps: After grafting 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with 10 parts by weight of glycidyl methacrylate and 0.1 part by weight of dicumyl peroxide at 190 °C for 14 minutes, a modified elastomer is obtained; After blending and melting the modified elastomer with 0.2 part by weight of silica particles at 190 °C, calendering treatment is carried out at 150 °C for 550 s, and then cooling to obtain a polyurethane elastomer film with a thickness of 0.1 mm; After hot pressing a 2-mm-thick stainless steel, the polyurethane film and a 2-mm-thick cold-rolled steel at 180 °C for 120 s, a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material is obtained.

[0063] Example 20 A preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material includes the following steps: 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, 10 parts by weight of glycidyl methacrylate, and 0.1 part by weight of dicumyl peroxide were subjected to a graft reaction at 190 °C for 14 minutes to obtain a modified elastomer; The modified elastomer was melt-blended with 0.2 part by weight of silica particles at 190 °C, and then calendered at 190 °C for 550 s, and cooled to obtain a polyurethane elastomer film with a thickness of 0.1 mm; A 2-mm-thick stainless steel, the polyurethane film, and a 2-mm-thick cold-rolled steel were hot-pressed at 180 °C for 120 s to obtain a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material.

[0064] Comparative Example 1 A 2-mm-thick cold-rolled steel, an acrylate resin coating, and a 1-mm-thick cold-rolled steel were stacked, bonded, and dried to obtain a composite material.

[0065] After testing, the sound transmission loss of the composite material was 24 dB, and the T-peel strength was 47 N-cm.

[0066] Comparative Example 2 A 2-mm-thick cold-rolled steel, a 0.1-mm-thick unmodified SEBS film, and a 1-mm-thick cold-rolled steel were stacked, hot-pressed at 170 °C for 60 seconds, and cooled to obtain a sandwich-structured sound insulation composite material.

[0067] After testing, the sound transmission loss of the sound insulation composite material was 30 dB, and the T-peel strength was 50 N-cm.

[0068] From the above data, it can be seen that by grafting and modifying the elastomer with epoxy groups, the bonding ability between the elastomer film and the metal material can be better improved, and the silica with a lamellar structure can further increase the friction between molecular chains, dissipate energy through friction, and significantly improve the sound insulation effect of the composite material.

[0069] The technical solution disclosed in the present invention realizes high-efficiency sound insulation (especially medium and low-frequency noise) while maintaining the structural strength through the metal-elastomer-metal sandwich structure, combining the rigidity of the metal and the damping characteristics of the elastomer. The reasonable ratio of the metal layer thickness (1-3 mm) to the elastomer film (0.1-0.3 mm) reduces the weight while ensuring the performance, and is suitable for weight-sensitive fields such as automobiles and household appliances.

[0070] During the preparation process, the grafting modification with epoxy groups (3-10 parts by weight of grafting agent) significantly improves the interfacial bonding force between the elastomer and the metal, avoids interlayer peeling, and has a short grafting reaction time and controllable temperature, which is suitable for industrial production. At the same time, adding a small amount of silica (0.1-1%) improves the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the elastomer film without affecting the flexibility.

[0071] The blending and melting (170 - 200 °C) and calendering (60 - 200 °C) temperature ranges are wide, suitable for different elastomers (such as polyolefins, polyurethanes, SEBS); the hot pressing parameters (150 - 200 °C, 10 - 120 s) balance efficiency and interfacial bonding strength, avoiding thermal damage to metals or elastomers.

[0072] Epoxy groups form chemical bonds with the metal surface, and the peel strength is much higher than that of physical bonding (such as ordinary adhesives), and it is not easy to delaminate during long-term use; the elastomer film as a damping layer can absorb vibration energy, and the metal layer reflects sound waves, and the synergistic effect broadens the sound insulation frequency band; and during preparation, the elastomer can be selected from polyolefins (low cost), polyurethanes (high elasticity) or SEBS (aging resistance); the metal layer can be adapted to steel (high strength), aluminum (lightweight) or stainless steel (corrosion resistance) to meet diverse requirements.

[0073] The present invention provides a preparation method of a metal - elastomer film - metal sound insulation composite material. The core lies in the optimized design of the multi-layer structure through chemical modification and hot pressing composite process. First, the elastomer is functionalized by epoxy group grafting modification technology, introducing active epoxy groups to enhance its chemical bonding ability with the metal interface, thus significantly improving the interfacial bonding strength. Subsequently, the modified elastomer is melt-blended with nano-silica particles and prepared into a uniform elastomer film through calendering process. This film has both excellent damping performance and mechanical stability. In the composite stage, the elastomer film is melted and infiltrated on the metal surface by hot pressing process, and a firm interfacial bond is formed through thermodynamic action, finally constructing a sandwich structure of metal - elastomer film - metal. This structure gives full play to the synergistic effect of the rigid support of the metal layer and the damping and vibration reduction of the elastomer layer, not only endowing the composite material with excellent anti-peeling performance (T-peel strength reaches 50 - 80 N / cm), but also effectively suppressing the propagation of medium and low frequency vibration noise. In addition, by adjusting the type of elastomer (such as polyolefins, polyurethanes or SEBS), the silica filling amount (0.1 - 1 wt%) and the hot pressing parameters (150 - 200 °C, 10 - 120 s), the requirements for lightweight, weather resistance and sound insulation efficiency in different application scenarios can be adapted, especially suitable for fields such as automobile bodies and home appliance shells that need to balance structural strength and acoustic performance.

[0074] The above content is only to illustrate the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby. Any modification made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Graft-modify the elastomer with epoxy groups to obtain the modified elastomer; After blending and melting the modified elastomer with silica particles, perform calendering treatment to obtain an elastomer film; Hot-press the elastomer film and the metal material to obtain a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material.

2. The preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastomer is one or more of polyolefin elastomer, polyurethane elastomer film, and styrene-based elastomer.

3. The preparation method of a metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for graft-modifying the elastomer with epoxy groups are as follows: Mix 100 parts by weight of the elastomer with 3-10 parts by weight of an epoxy group grafting agent and 0.1-0.5 parts by weight of an initiator in a molten state, and heat and react to obtain the modified elastomer; The initiator is one of dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, and tert-butyl benzoyl peroxide; The epoxy group grafting agent is glycidyl methacrylate, 1,2-epoxy-4-vinylcyclohexane, or 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride; The temperature of the heating reaction is 170-200 °C, and the time is 5-15 min.

4. The preparation method of a metal - elastomer film - metal sound insulation composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass percentage of silica in the elastomer film is 0.1-1%.

5. The preparation method of a metal - elastomer film - metal sound insulation composite material according to claim 1, wherein, The temperature of the blending and melting is 170-200 °C; the temperature of the calendering treatment is 60-200 °C, and the time is 20-600 s.

6. The preparation method of a metal - elastomer film - metal sound insulation composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastomer film is one of polyolefin elastomer film, polyurethane elastomer film, and SEBS elastomer film; the thickness of the elastomer film is 0.1-0.3 mm.

7. The preparation method of a metal - elastomer film - metal sound insulation composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal material is one of cold-rolled steel, stainless steel, and aluminum plate; the thickness of the metal material is 1-3 mm; the temperature of the hot pressing is 150-200 °C, and the time is 10-120 s.

8. A metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material, characterized in that, It is prepared by using the preparation method described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A metal - elastomer film - metal sound insulation composite material according to claim 8, characterized in that The T-peel strength of the metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material is 50-80 N / cm.

10. Application of the metal-elastomer film-metal sound insulation composite material described in claim 8 or 9 in automotive or home appliance structural parts.

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