Absorption-based multi-combined supply system and process

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-combined supply system and process based on absorption in the technical field of absorption refrigeration, and the multi-combined supply system comprises an absorption refrigeration unit and further comprises a composite combined heat and power generation assembly; the combined type combined heat and power generation assembly comprises a secondary generator, a medium-pressure evaporator, power generation equipment and a high-pressure absorber, the absorption type refrigerating unit is optimally designed, so that the absorption type refrigerating unit has the functions of refrigerating, heating, power generation and ice making at the same time, the absorption type refrigerating unit is still kept to run at a high load in winter or in the season with the low requirement for the cooling capacity, and the energy consumption is reduced. The problem that the utilization rate of low-grade waste heat is reduced during low-load operation is solved, meanwhile, the low-grade waste heat is converted into electric energy and heat energy, transition and upgrading of energy quality can be achieved, important strategic significance is achieved for energy conservation and emission reduction, the unit can achieve the cooling, heating, power and ice multi-combined supply function, and the energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved. And the application scene is greatly expanded, and the maximum economic benefit of the unit can be exerted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of absorption refrigeration, and specifically to an absorption-based multi-cogeneration system and process. Background Technique

[0002] An absorption refrigeration unit uses low-grade waste heat to drive a thermodynamic working fluid, and refrigerates through the phase change of the working fluid (such as ammonia); specifically, the process is to use low-grade waste heat to heat in a generator, and a mixed solution rich in refrigerant with a certain concentration (referred to as rich solution) transported from an absorber by a solution pump is heated, so that most of the low-boiling-point refrigerants in the rich solution are desorbed to become high-pressure gaseous refrigerants and enter a condenser, where they are cooled into high-pressure liquid refrigerants by circulating water. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant is decompressed into a low-pressure liquid refrigerant through an expansion valve, and the low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters an evaporator, where it absorbs the heat of the medium (secondary refrigerant) to be cooled and vaporizes into a low-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The low-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the absorber; the high-pressure lean solution remaining after the generation process in the generator is decompressed into a low-pressure lean solution through a pressure reducing valve and enters the absorber, where it is mixed with the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant coming out of the evaporator for absorption, returns to the original concentration, becomes a normal-temperature rich solution, and the normal-temperature rich solution is boosted by a solution pump and sent back to the generator to continue circulating. However, in winter or seasons with low cooling demand, the unit often chooses to shut down or operate at low load, which leads to a decrease in the utilization rate of low-grade waste heat and cannot maximize the economic benefits of the unit. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an absorption-based multi-cogeneration system and process to solve the problem that the maximum economic benefits of the unit cannot be achieved in winter or seasons with low cooling demand as mentioned in the above background technique.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An absorption-based multi-cogeneration system, including: an absorption refrigeration unit, and the multi-cogeneration system further includes a composite thermoelectric co-generation component; The composite thermoelectric co-generation component includes a secondary generator, a medium-pressure evaporator, a power generation device, and a high-pressure absorber. The absorption refrigeration unit uses a heat source to produce a gaseous refrigerant. The secondary generator uses the gaseous refrigerant produced by the absorption refrigeration unit as a heat source to produce a gaseous refrigerant. The medium-pressure evaporator uses the heat source after the absorption refrigeration unit to heat the heat source after the secondary generator, so that after phase change, it is used to drive the power generation device to generate electricity. The high-pressure absorber uses the rich solution discharged from the absorption refrigeration unit and the gaseous refrigerant discharged from the power generation device to mix for heating, and the absorption refrigeration unit uses the gaseous refrigerant produced by the secondary generator for refrigeration.

[0005] Preferably, the multi-cogeneration system is a combined cooling, heating and power system.

[0006] Preferably, the absorption refrigeration unit includes a primary generator, a condenser, a low-pressure evaporator, a low-pressure absorber, and a solution pump; Among them, the heat source outlet of the primary generator is connected to the heat source inlet of the medium-pressure evaporator, the gaseous refrigerant outlet of the primary generator is connected to the heat source inlet of the secondary generator, the gaseous refrigerant outlet of the secondary generator is connected to the gaseous refrigerant inlet of the condenser, the rich liquid outlet of the secondary generator is connected to the rich liquid inlet of the primary generator, and the solution pump is connected to the high-pressure absorber.

[0007] Preferably, the absorption refrigeration unit further includes a first expansion valve and a first pressure reducing valve. The first pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the pressure of the lean liquid introduced from the primary generator into the low-pressure absorber, and the first expansion valve is used to reduce the pressure of the liquid refrigerant introduced from the condenser into the low-pressure evaporator.

[0008] Preferably, the composite cogeneration component further includes a high-pressure evaporator and an ejector, and the polygeneration system further includes a transfer pump; Among them, the transfer pump is used to introduce a part of the liquid refrigerant produced by the condenser into the high-pressure evaporator. The high-pressure evaporator uses the liquid refrigerant to absorb the heat of the heat source after being used by the medium-pressure evaporator. The ejector uses the gaseous refrigerant generated by the high-pressure evaporator to introduce the gaseous refrigerant discharged from the power generation equipment into the high-pressure absorber.

[0009] Preferably, the composite cogeneration component further includes a second pressure reducing valve and a second expansion valve. The second pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the pressure of the rich liquid introduced from the high-pressure absorber into the secondary generator, and the second expansion valve is used to reduce the pressure of the liquid refrigerant introduced from the secondary generator into the medium-pressure evaporator.

[0010] Preferably, a compounder is used to replace the secondary generator, the medium-pressure evaporator, the high-pressure evaporator, and the high-pressure absorber. The compounder is a fixed tube-sheet heat exchanger whose main structure consists of a head, a tube sheet section, a tube plate, heat exchange tubes, and a shell. The fixed tube-sheet heat exchanger is divided into four quadrants, and the four quadrants are a secondary generation chamber, a medium-pressure evaporation chamber, a high-pressure evaporation chamber, and a high-pressure absorption chamber respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the secondary generation chamber, the medium-pressure evaporation chamber, the high-pressure evaporation chamber, and the high-pressure absorption chamber are separated by partitions, and the partitions are in a cross shape.

[0012] Preferably, a liquid distribution component is provided above the heat exchange tubes in the shells of the secondary generation chamber, the medium-pressure evaporation chamber, the high-pressure evaporation chamber, and the high-pressure absorption chamber.

[0013] Preferably, a kind of absorption polygeneration process, using the above-mentioned absorption polygeneration system, includes the following steps: The heat source enters the primary generator, heating the medium-high pressure sub-rich solution to release medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant, which is then introduced into the secondary generation chamber as a heat source to heat the medium-high pressure rich solution, releasing medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant and introducing it into the condenser; After being absorbed and condensed, the medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant serving as the heat source enters the medium-pressure evaporation chamber, where it is heated by the heat source discharged from the primary generator into medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant for driving the power generation equipment to generate electricity; The medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant entering the condenser is condensed into medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant. One part of the medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant enters the low-pressure evaporator to absorb the heat of the coolant, and the other part enters the high-pressure evaporation chamber. After absorbing the heat of the heat source flowing out of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber, it passes through an ejector to guide the medium-pressure exhaust gas of the power generation equipment into the high-pressure absorption chamber together, mixing with the sub-rich solution discharged from the low-pressure absorber and releasing heat; An absorption-type multi-cogeneration process also utilizes the above absorption-type multi-cogeneration system, including the following steps: The heat source enters the primary generator, heating the medium-high pressure sub-rich solution to release medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant, which is then introduced into the secondary generator as a heat source to heat the medium-high pressure rich solution, releasing medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant and introducing it into the condenser; After being absorbed and condensed, the medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant serving as the heat source enters the medium-pressure evaporation chamber, where it is heated by the heat source discharged from the primary generator into medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant for driving the power generation equipment to generate electricity; The medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant entering the condenser is condensed into medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant. One part of the medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant enters the low-pressure evaporator to absorb the heat of the coolant, and the other part enters the high-pressure evaporator. After absorbing the heat of the heat source flowing out of the medium-pressure evaporator, it passes through an ejector to guide the medium-pressure exhaust gas of the power generation equipment into the high-pressure absorber together, mixing with the sub-rich solution discharged from the low-pressure absorber and releasing heat.

[0014] Preferably, an absorption-type multi-cogeneration process also utilizes the above absorption-type multi-cogeneration system, including the following steps: The heat source enters the primary generator, heating the medium-high pressure sub-rich solution to release medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant, which is then introduced into the secondary generator as a heat source to heat the medium-high pressure rich solution, releasing medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant and introducing it into the condenser; After being absorbed and condensed, the medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant serving as the heat source enters the medium-pressure evaporation chamber, where it is heated by the heat source discharged from the primary generator into medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant for driving the power generation equipment to generate electricity; The medium and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant entering the condenser is condensed into a medium and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The first path of the medium and high-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the low-pressure evaporator to absorb the heat of the coolant, and the second path of the medium and high-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the high-pressure evaporator. After absorbing the heat of the heat source flowing out of the medium-pressure evaporator, it passes through an ejector to guide the medium-pressure exhaust steam of the power generation equipment into the high-pressure absorber together, where it mixes with the sub-rich liquid discharged from the low-pressure absorber and releases heat.

[0015] Preferably, the medium and high-pressure liquid refrigerant discharged from the condenser further includes a third path. The third path of the medium and high-pressure liquid refrigerant enters an ice maker through an ammonia liquid tank to make ice from external water.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The absorption refrigeration unit is optimized to simultaneously have the functions of refrigeration, heating, power generation, and ice making. In winter or seasons with low cooling demand, it still operates at a high load. The excess load is used for heating and power generation, solving the problem of the reduced utilization rate of low-grade waste heat during low-load operation. At the same time, the low-grade waste heat is converted into electric energy and heat energy, which can achieve the leapfrogging upgrade of energy quality and has important strategic significance for energy conservation and emission reduction. The unit has the function of combined cooling, heating, power generation, and ice making, greatly expanding the application scenarios and enabling the maximum economic benefits of the unit to be exerted; 2. The high-pressure absorber, high-pressure evaporator, medium-pressure evaporator, and secondary generator are integrated into a composite device, which, together with an ejector, a steam turbine generator, a second expansion valve, and a second pressure reducing valve, forms a single device. This can reduce the cost of equipment and pipelines, greatly reduce the floor area of the unit, and is conducive to the skid-mounted design of the unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the absorption combined cooling, heating, and power generation system based on the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection module between the absorption refrigeration unit and the composite combined heat and power generation component of the combined cooling, heating, and power generation system of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the absorption combined cooling, heating, power generation, and ice making system based on the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection module between the absorption refrigeration unit and the composite combined heat and power generation component of the combined cooling, heating, power generation, and ice making system of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the composite device of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram in the F-F direction; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram in the C-C direction; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram in the D-D direction in the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Primary generator; 2. Condenser; 3. Low-pressure evaporator; 4. Low-pressure absorber; 5. First expansion valve; 6. First pressure reducing valve; 7. Solution pump; 8. Transfer pump; 9. Secondary generator; 10. Medium-pressure evaporator; 11. High-pressure evaporator; 12. Power generation equipment; 13. Ejector; 14. High-pressure absorber; 15. Second pressure reducing valve; 16. Second expansion valve; 17. Shell; 18. Tube sheet section; 19. Heat exchange tube; 20. Baffle; 21. Liquid distribution assembly; 22. Secondary generation chamber; 23. Medium-pressure evaporation chamber; 24. High-pressure evaporation chamber; 25. High-pressure absorption chamber; 26. Liquid ammonia tank; 27. Ice maker. Specific embodiments

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Embodiment 1 Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , an absorption-based polygeneration system, the polygeneration system is a combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system, and the system includes: an absorption refrigeration unit and a composite combined heat and power component; the system further includes a transfer pump 8; Among them, the absorption refrigeration unit includes a primary generator 1, a condenser 2, a low-pressure evaporator 3, a low-pressure absorber 4, a first expansion valve 5, a first pressure reducing valve 6 and a solution pump 7; the composite combined heat and power component includes a secondary generator 9, a medium-pressure evaporator 10, a high-pressure evaporator 11, power generation equipment 12 (turbine generator), an ejector 13, a high-pressure absorber 14, a second pressure reducing valve 15 and a second expansion valve 16; The lean liquid outlet of the primary generator 1 is connected to the lean liquid inlet of the low-pressure absorber 4 through the first pressure reducing valve 6. The rich liquid inlet of the primary generator 1 is connected to the rich liquid outlet of the secondary generator 9. The gaseous refrigerant outlet of the primary generator 1 is connected to the heat source inlet of the secondary generator 9. The heat source outlet of the primary generator 1 is connected to the heat source inlet of the medium-pressure evaporator 10. The rich liquid inlet of the secondary generator 9 is connected to the rich liquid outlet of the high-pressure absorber 14 through the second pressure reducing valve 15. The gaseous refrigerant outlet of the secondary generator 9 is connected to the gaseous refrigerant inlet of the condenser 2. The heat source outlet of the secondary generator 9 is connected to the liquid refrigerant inlet of the medium-pressure evaporator 10 through the second expansion valve 16. The gaseous refrigerant outlet of the medium-pressure evaporator 10 is connected to the power generation device 12. The heat source outlet of the medium-pressure evaporator 10 is connected to the heat source inlet of the high-pressure evaporator 11. The liquid refrigerant outlet of the condenser 2 is divided into two paths. One path is connected to the liquid refrigerant inlet of the low-pressure evaporator 3 through the first expansion valve 5. The other path is connected to the liquid refrigerant inlet of the high-pressure evaporator 11 through the delivery pump 8. The gaseous refrigerant outlet of the high-pressure evaporator 11 and the gas outlet of the power generation device 12 are both connected to the ejector 13. The outlet of the ejector 13 is connected to the gaseous refrigerant inlet of the high-pressure absorber 14. A heat exchange pipeline (a heat carrier flows inside the heat exchange pipeline) is provided inside the high-pressure absorber 14. A heat exchange pipeline (a cooling agent flows inside the heat exchange pipeline) is provided inside the low-pressure evaporator 3. The gaseous refrigerant outlet of the low-pressure evaporator 3 is connected to the gaseous refrigerant inlet of the low-pressure absorber 4. The rich liquid outlet of the low-pressure absorber 4 is connected to the rich liquid inlet of the high-pressure absorber 14 through the solution pump 7. The circulating water outlet of the low-pressure absorber 4 is connected to the circulating water inlet of the condenser 2.

[0021] An absorption-type cooling, heating and power cogeneration process is as follows: The heat source first enters the primary generator 1 to heat the medium-high pressure secondary rich liquid entering the primary generator 1, so that a part of the refrigerant in the medium-high pressure secondary rich liquid is desorbed to become medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant. The desorbed medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the secondary generator 9 as a heat source to heat the medium-high pressure rich liquid entering the secondary generator 9, so that a part of the refrigerant in the medium-high pressure rich liquid is desorbed to become medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant and is introduced into the condenser 2. After the medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant as a heat source is absorbed and condensed into medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant in the secondary generator 9, it is depressurized to medium-pressure liquid refrigerant through the second expansion valve 16 and then enters the medium-pressure evaporator 10, where it is heated by the heat source flowing out of the primary generator 1 to become medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the power generation device 12 to drive its operation and generate electricity, and itself becomes medium-pressure exhausted gas. After the medium-high pressure rich liquid heated and desorbed in the secondary generator 9 becomes medium-high pressure secondary rich liquid, it enters the primary generator 1 and is continuously heated and desorbed by the heat source to become medium-high pressure lean liquid. The medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant entering the condenser 2 is condensed into medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant by the circulating water. The medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant is divided into two paths. One path of the medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant is depressurized into low-pressure liquid refrigerant through the first expansion valve 5 and enters the low-pressure evaporator 3, where it absorbs the heat of the coolant and vaporizes into low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, then enters the low-pressure absorber 4 (the cooled coolant is used to supply cold to the outside); the other path of the medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant is pressurized by the delivery pump 8 to become high-pressure liquid refrigerant, enters the high-pressure evaporator 11, is heated by the heat source flowing out of the medium-pressure evaporator 10 to become high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the ejector 13, ejects the medium-pressure exhausted gas coming out of the power generation equipment 12, and then enters the high-pressure absorber 14; The medium-high pressure lean liquid coming out of the primary generator 1 is depressurized into low-pressure lean liquid through the first pressure reducing valve 6, enters the low-pressure absorber 4, mixes with the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant coming out of the low-pressure evaporator 3, becomes low-pressure sub-rich liquid, the low-pressure sub-rich liquid is pressurized by the solution pump 7 to become high-pressure sub-rich liquid, the high-pressure sub-rich liquid enters the high-pressure absorber 14, absorbs the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant coming out of the ejector 13, becomes high-pressure rich liquid, and the heat released during the absorption process is carried away by the heat carrier (the heat carrier is used to supply heat to the outside). The high-pressure rich liquid flowing out of the high-pressure absorber 14 is depressurized by the second pressure reducing valve 15 to become medium-high pressure rich liquid, and then enters the secondary generator 9 to continue the cycle.

[0022] It should be noted that the heat source passes through the primary generator 1, the medium-pressure evaporator 10 and the high-pressure evaporator 11 in sequence, so that the heat of the heat source is fully utilized; the circulating water is first used for cooling the low-pressure absorber 4 and then for cooling the condenser 2.

[0023] Embodiment 2 As a further optimized solution of Embodiment 1, please refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the secondary generator 9, the medium-pressure evaporator 10, the high-pressure evaporator 11 and the high-pressure absorber 14 are integrated into a composite device. The composite device is a fixed tube-sheet heat exchanger with a main structure composed of a head, a tube sheet section 18 of the tube box, a tube sheet, heat exchange tubes 19 and a shell 17; the left and right heads and the tube sheet section of the tube box are respectively welded and fixed on the left and right tube sheets, the shell is welded and fixed between the left and right tube sheets, and the heat exchange tubes are welded and fixed on the left and right tube sheets; Among them, a partition plate 20 (coated with an insulating layer) is provided in the inner cavity of the composite device. The partition plate 20 is in a cross shape and is used to divide the inner cavity of the composite device into a secondary generation cavity 22, a medium-pressure evaporation cavity 23, a high-pressure evaporation cavity 24 and a high-pressure absorption cavity 25; Inside the inner cavity of the housing 17 of the high-pressure absorption chamber 25, a liquid distribution assembly 21 (including a spray pipe and a spray head) is provided. On the housing 17 of the high-pressure absorption chamber 25, there are a high-pressure secondary rich liquid inlet, a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet, and a high-pressure rich liquid outlet. The high-pressure secondary rich liquid inlet is respectively connected to the inlet of the liquid distribution assembly 21 and the outlet of the solution pump 7 through pipelines. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet is connected to the outlet of the ejector 13 through a pipeline. The high-pressure rich liquid outlet is connected to the second pressure reducing valve 15 through a pipeline. On the two tube sheet sections 18 of the high-pressure absorption chamber 25, there are respectively a heat carrier inlet and a heat carrier outlet; Inside the inner cavity of the housing 17 of the high-pressure evaporation chamber 24, a liquid distribution assembly 21 (including a spray pipe and a spray head) is provided. On the housing 17 of the high-pressure evaporation chamber 24, there are a high-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet and a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet is respectively connected to the inlet of the liquid distribution assembly 21 and the outlet of the transfer pump 8 through pipelines. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet is connected to the inlet of the ejector 13 through a pipeline. On the two tube sheet sections of the high-pressure evaporation chamber 24, there are respectively a heat source inlet and a heat source outlet; Inside the inner cavity of the housing 17 of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 23, a liquid distribution assembly 21 (including a spray pipe and a spray head) is provided. On the housing 17 of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 23, there are a medium-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet and a medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet. The medium-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet is connected to the second expansion valve 16 through a pipeline. The medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet is connected to the inlet of the power generation device 12 through a pipeline. On the two tube sheet sections 18 of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 23, there are respectively a heat source outlet and a heat source inlet. The heat source outlet of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 23 is connected to the heat source inlet of the high-pressure evaporation chamber 24 through a pipeline. The heat source inlet of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 23 is connected to the heat source outlet of the first-stage generator 1; Inside the inner cavity of the housing 17 of the second-stage generation chamber 22, a liquid distribution assembly (including a spray pipe and a spray head) is provided. On the housing 17 of the second-stage generation chamber 22, there are a medium-high pressure rich liquid inlet, a medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet, and a medium-high pressure secondary rich liquid outlet. The medium-high pressure rich liquid inlet is connected to the second pressure reducing valve 15 through a pipeline. The medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet (i.e., the heat source outlet) is connected to the gaseous refrigerant inlet of the condenser 2. The medium-high pressure secondary rich liquid outlet is connected to the rich liquid inlet of the first-stage generator 1. On the two tube sheet sections 18 of the second-stage generation chamber 22, there are respectively a medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet and a medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant outlet. The medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant outlet is connected to the second expansion valve 16 through a pipeline. The medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet (i.e., the heat source inlet) is connected to the gaseous refrigerant outlet of the first-stage generator 1.

[0024] It should be noted that the liquid distribution assembly 21 is located above the heat exchange tube 19.

[0025] An absorption-type cooling, heating, and power cogeneration process is as follows: The heat source first enters the first-stage generator 1, heating the medium-high-pressure sub-rich solution entering the first-stage generator 1, causing a part of the refrigerant in the medium-high-pressure sub-rich solution to be desorbed and become medium-high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. Then, the desorbed medium-high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the heat exchange tube 19 of the second-stage generation chamber 22 as the heat source, heating the medium-high-pressure rich solution entering the housing 17 of the second-stage generation chamber 22 and sprayed on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 19 through the liquid distribution assembly 21, causing a part of the refrigerant in the medium-high-pressure rich solution to be desorbed and become medium-high-pressure gaseous refrigerant and enter the condenser 2; The medium-high-pressure gaseous refrigerant serving as the heat source is absorbed and condensed into medium-high-pressure liquid refrigerant in the heat exchange tube 19 of the second-stage generation chamber 22, and then is depressurized by the second expansion valve 16 to become medium-pressure liquid refrigerant, enters the housing 17 of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 23 and is sprayed on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 19 through the liquid distribution assembly 21, and is heated by the heat source therein (from the first-stage generator 1) to become medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the power generation device 12 to drive it to generate electricity, and itself becomes medium-pressure exhausted gas; After the medium-high-pressure rich solution heated and desorbed in the housing 17 of the second-stage generation chamber 22 becomes medium-high-pressure sub-rich solution, it enters the first-stage generator 1 and is continuously heated and desorbed by the heat source to become medium-high-pressure lean solution; The medium-high-pressure gaseous refrigerant entering the condenser 2 is condensed into medium-high-pressure liquid refrigerant by the circulating water. The medium-high-pressure liquid refrigerant is divided into two paths. One path of the medium-high-pressure liquid refrigerant is depressurized by the first expansion valve 5 to become low-pressure liquid refrigerant and enters the low-pressure evaporator 3, absorbs the heat of the heat-carrying agent and vaporizes into low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then enters the low-pressure absorber 4; the other path of the medium-high-pressure liquid refrigerant is pressurized by the delivery pump 8 to become high-pressure liquid refrigerant, enters the housing 17 of the high-pressure evaporation chamber 24 and is sprayed on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 19 through the liquid distribution assembly 21, and is heated by the heat source in the heat exchange tube 19 (from the heat exchange tube 19 of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 23) to become high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the ejector 13, ejects the medium-pressure exhausted gas coming out of the power generation device 12, and then enters the housing 17 of the high-pressure absorption chamber 25; The medium-high-pressure lean solution coming out of the first-stage generator 1 is depressurized by the first pressure reducing valve 6 to become low-pressure lean solution, enters the low-pressure absorber 4, is mixed with the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant coming out of the low-pressure evaporator 3, becomes low-pressure sub-rich solution. The low-pressure sub-rich solution is pressurized by the solution pump 7 to become high-pressure sub-rich solution. The high-pressure sub-rich solution enters the housing 17 of the high-pressure absorption chamber 25 and is sprayed on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 19 through the liquid distribution assembly 21, absorbs the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant coming out of the ejector 13, becomes high-pressure rich solution. The heat released during the absorption process is taken away by the heat-carrying agent. The high-pressure rich solution flowing out of the housing 17 of the high-pressure absorption chamber 25 is depressurized by the second pressure reducing valve 15 to become medium-high-pressure rich solution, and then enters the housing 17 of the second-stage generation chamber 22 to continue the cycle.

[0026] Example 3 As a further optimized solution of Example 1, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the poly-generation system is a cooling, heating, power and ice four-generation system, and the system further includes a liquid ammonia tank 26 and an ice maker 27; the outlet of the liquid refrigerant in the condenser 2 is communicated with the inlet of the liquid ammonia tank 26, and the outlet of the liquid ammonia pipe 26 is communicated with the ice maker 27.

[0027] A cooling, heating, power and ice four-generation process based on absorption type, the specific steps are as follows: The heat source first enters the first-stage generator 1, heats the medium-high pressure secondary rich liquid entering the first-stage generator 1, so that a part of the refrigerant in the medium-high pressure secondary rich liquid is resolved into medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant. The resolved medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the second-stage generator 9 as a heat source, heats the medium-high pressure rich liquid entering the second-stage generator 9, so that a part of the refrigerant in the medium-high pressure rich liquid is resolved into medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant and is introduced into the condenser 2; After the medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant as a heat source is absorbed and condensed into medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant in the second-stage generator 9, it is depressurized by the second expansion valve 16 into medium-pressure liquid refrigerant, and then enters the medium-pressure evaporator 10, where it is heated by the heat source flowing out of the first-stage generator 1 to become medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the power generation device 12 to drive its operation and generate electricity, and itself becomes medium-pressure exhausted gas; After the medium-high pressure rich liquid heated and resolved in the second-stage generator 9 becomes medium-high pressure secondary rich liquid, it enters the first-stage generator 1 and is continuously heated and resolved by the heat source to become medium-high pressure lean liquid; The medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant entering the condenser 2 is condensed into medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant by circulating water. The medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant is divided into three paths. The first path of medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant is depressurized by the first expansion valve 5 into low-pressure liquid refrigerant and enters the low-pressure evaporator 3, where it absorbs the heat of the coolant and vaporizes into low-pressure gaseous refrigerant and then enters the low-pressure absorber 4 (the cooled coolant is used to supply cold to the outside); the second path of medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant is pressurized by the delivery pump 8 to become high-pressure liquid refrigerant, enters the high-pressure evaporator 11, where it is heated by the heat source flowing out of the medium-pressure evaporator 10 to become high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the ejector 13, ejects the medium-pressure exhausted gas coming out of the power generation device 12, and then enters the high-pressure absorber 14; the third path of medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant enters the liquid ammonia tank 26, and then is introduced into the ice maker 27 to make the water transported from the outside in the ice maker 27 into ice, and itself becomes low-pressure gaseous refrigerant and then enters the low-pressure absorber 4; The medium-high pressure lean solution coming out of the primary generator 1 is reduced in pressure to low-pressure lean solution by the first pressure reducing valve 6 and enters the low-pressure absorber 4, where it is mixed with the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant coming out of the low-pressure evaporator 3 to become low-pressure sub-rich solution. The low-pressure sub-rich solution is pressurized by the solution pump 7 to become high-pressure sub-rich solution, which enters the high-pressure absorber 14 to absorb the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant coming out of the ejector 13 and becomes high-pressure rich solution. The heat released during the absorption process is carried away by the heat carrier (the heat carrier is used to supply heat to the outside). The high-pressure rich solution flowing out of the high-pressure absorber 14 is reduced in pressure by the second pressure reducing valve 15 to become medium-high pressure rich solution, and then enters the secondary generator 9 to continue the cycle operation. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An absorption-type multi-generation system, comprising: An absorption refrigeration unit, characterized in that: the poly-generation system further includes a composite combined heat and power component; The composite combined heat and power component includes a secondary generator (9), a medium-pressure evaporator (10), a power generation device (12) and a high-pressure absorber (14). The absorption refrigeration unit uses a heat source to produce a gaseous refrigerant. The secondary generator (9) uses the gaseous refrigerant produced by the absorption refrigeration unit as a heat source to produce a gaseous refrigerant. The medium-pressure evaporator (10) uses the heat source after the absorption refrigeration unit to heat the heat source after the secondary generator (9) so that it undergoes a phase change and is used to drive the power generation device (12) to generate electricity. The high-pressure absorber (14) uses the rich solution discharged from the absorption refrigeration unit and the gaseous refrigerant discharged from the power generation device (12) to be mixed for heating. The absorption refrigeration unit uses the gaseous refrigerant produced by the secondary generator (9) for refrigeration.

2. The absorption type multi-cogeneration system according to claim 1, wherein: The poly-generation system is a combined cooling, heat and power system.

3. The absorption-type multi-cogeneration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The absorption refrigeration unit includes a primary generator (1), a condenser (2), a low-pressure evaporator (3), a low-pressure absorber (4) and a solution pump (7); Wherein, the heat source outlet of the primary generator (1) is communicated with the heat source inlet of the medium-pressure evaporator (10), the gaseous refrigerant outlet of the primary generator (1) is communicated with the heat source inlet of the secondary generator (9), the gaseous refrigerant outlet of the secondary generator (9) is communicated with the gaseous refrigerant inlet of the condenser (2), the rich solution outlet of the secondary generator (9) is communicated with the rich solution inlet of the primary generator (1), and the solution pump (7) is communicated with the high-pressure absorber (14).

4. The absorption-type multi-cogeneration system according to claim 3, wherein: The absorption refrigeration unit further includes a first expansion valve (5) and a first pressure reducing valve (6). The first pressure reducing valve (6) is used to reduce the pressure of the lean solution introduced from the primary generator (1) into the low-pressure absorber (4), and the first expansion valve (5) is used to reduce the pressure of the liquid refrigerant introduced from the condenser (2) into the low-pressure evaporator (3).

5. The absorption-type multi-cogeneration system according to claim 4, wherein: The composite combined heat and power component further includes a high-pressure evaporator (11) and an ejector (13), and the poly-generation system further includes a transfer pump (8); Wherein, the transfer pump (8) is used to introduce a part of the liquid refrigerant produced by the condenser (2) into the high-pressure evaporator (11). The high-pressure evaporator (11) uses the liquid refrigerant to absorb the heat of the heat source after the medium-pressure evaporator (10) is used. The ejector (13) uses the gaseous refrigerant generated by the high-pressure evaporator (11) to introduce the gaseous refrigerant discharged from the power generation device (12) into the high-pressure absorber (14).

6. The absorption type multi-cogeneration system according to claim 5, wherein: The composite combined heat and power component further includes a second pressure reducing valve (15) and a second expansion valve (16). The second pressure reducing valve (15) is used to reduce the pressure of the rich solution introduced from the high-pressure absorber (14) into the secondary generator (9), and the second expansion valve (16) is used to reduce the pressure of the liquid refrigerant introduced from the secondary generator (9) into the medium-pressure evaporator (10).

7. The absorption-type multi-cogeneration system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Use a compounder to replace the secondary generator (9), medium-pressure evaporator (10), high-pressure evaporator (11) and high-pressure absorber (14). The compounder is a fixed tube-sheet heat exchanger whose main structure consists of a head, a tube sheet section (18) of the tube box, a tube sheet, heat exchange tubes (19) and a shell (17). The fixed tube-sheet heat exchanger is divided into four quadrants, namely the secondary generation chamber (22), the medium-pressure evaporation chamber (23), the high-pressure evaporation chamber (24) and the high-pressure absorption chamber (25).

8. The absorption multi-cogeneration system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The secondary generation chamber (22), the medium-pressure evaporation chamber (23), the high-pressure evaporation chamber (24) and the high-pressure absorption chamber (25) are separated by a partition (20), and the partition (20) is in a cross shape.

9. The absorption-type multi-cogeneration system according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the shells (17) of the secondary generation chamber (22), the medium-pressure evaporation chamber (23), the high-pressure evaporation chamber (24) and the high-pressure absorption chamber (25), liquid distribution assemblies (21) are provided above the heat exchange tubes (19).

10. A absorption-based multi-generation system according to any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that: The multi-cogeneration system is a cooling, heating, power and ice four-cogeneration system. The cooling, heating, power and ice four-cogeneration system further includes an ammonia liquid tank (26) and an ice maker (27). The ammonia liquid tank (26) is used to receive the liquid refrigerant discharged from the condenser (2) and make ice through the refrigerant (27).

11. A process based on an absorption multi-cogeneration technology, using an absorption multi-cogeneration system as described in claim 6, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: The heat source enters the primary generator (1) to heat the medium-high pressure sub-rich liquid, and the medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant is resolved. Then it is introduced into the secondary generator (9) as a heat source to heat the medium-high pressure rich liquid, and the medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant is resolved and introduced into the condenser (2). After being absorbed by heat and condensed, the medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant serving as a heat source enters the medium-pressure evaporator (10), is heated into a medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant by the heat source discharged from the primary generator (1), and is used to drive the power generation equipment (12) to generate electricity. The medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant entering the condenser (2) is condensed into a medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant. One path of the medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant enters the low-pressure evaporator (3) to absorb the heat of the coolant, and the other path of the medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant enters the high-pressure evaporator (11). After absorbing the heat of the heat source flowing out of the medium-pressure evaporator (10), it passes through an ejector (13) and guides the medium-pressure exhaust gas of the power generation equipment (12) into the high-pressure absorber (14) together, where it is mixed with the sub-rich liquid discharged from the low-pressure absorber (4) and releases heat.

12. A process based on an absorption multi-cogeneration technology, which utilizes an absorption multi-cogeneration system as described in any one of claims 8-9, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: The heat source enters the primary generator (1) to heat the medium-high pressure sub-rich liquid, and the medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant is resolved. Then it is introduced into the secondary generation chamber (22) as a heat source to heat the medium-high pressure rich liquid, and the medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant is resolved and introduced into the condenser (2). After being absorbed by heat and condensed, the medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant serving as a heat source enters the medium-pressure evaporation chamber (23), is heated into a medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant by the heat source discharged from the primary generator (1), and is used to drive the power generation equipment (12) to generate electricity. The medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant entering the condenser (2) is condensed into medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant. One path of the medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant enters the low-pressure evaporator (3) to absorb the heat of the coolant, and the other path of the medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant enters the high-pressure evaporation chamber (24). After absorbing the heat of the heat source flowing out from the medium-pressure evaporation chamber (23), it passes through the ejector (13) to guide the medium-pressure exhaust gas of the power generation device (12) into the high-pressure absorption chamber (25) together, where it mixes with the sub-rich liquid discharged from the low-pressure absorber (4) and releases heat.

13. A process based on absorption multi-generation technology, using an absorption multi-generation system according to any one of claims 6-10, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: The heat source enters the primary generator (1) to heat the medium-high pressure sub-rich liquid, and medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant is resolved, which is introduced into the secondary generator (9) as a heat source to heat the medium-high pressure rich liquid, and medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant is resolved and introduced into the condenser (2). After the medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant as a heat source is absorbed and condensed, it enters the medium-pressure evaporator (10), where it is heated into medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant by the heat source discharged from the primary generator (1) to drive the power generation device (12) to generate electricity. The medium-high pressure gaseous refrigerant entering the condenser (2) is condensed into medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant. The first path of the medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant enters the low-pressure evaporator (3) to absorb the heat of the coolant, and the second path of the medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant enters the high-pressure evaporator (11). After absorbing the heat of the heat source flowing out from the medium-pressure evaporator (10), it passes through the ejector (13) to guide the medium-pressure exhaust gas of the power generation device (12) into the high-pressure absorber (14) together, where it mixes with the sub-rich liquid discharged from the low-pressure absorber (4) and releases heat.

14. A absorption-type multi-cogeneration process according to claim 13, characterized in that: The medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant discharged from the condenser (2) also includes a third path. The third path of the medium-high pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the liquid ammonia tank (26) and enters the ice maker (27) to make ice from the external water.

Images