A machine tool for forming thin-walled curved components and an artificial intelligence system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of metal forming and processing technology, specifically to a forming machine tool for thin-walled curved components and an artificial intelligence system. The forming machine tool includes a machine body and, from top to bottom, an extrusion rod assembly, a mold, and an ejector rod arranged on the machine body. The mold includes an outer cylinder mold and a lower concave mold and an upper concave mold disposed within the outer cylinder mold. The upper concave mold has a central through hole and multiple axial through holes. A thin-walled metal cylinder is placed between the upper and lower concave molds, with the inner and outer sides of the thin-walled metal cylinder serving as an internal and external metal filling space for filling metal, respectively. The extrusion rod assembly drives the upper and lower concave molds to close, obtaining a formed thin-walled metal spherical shell, with the inner and outer metals undergoing back pressure. The ejector rod passes through the central bottom hole of the lower concave mold, used for mold opening and ejecting the formed thin-walled metal spherical shell. This invention has advantages such as high yield, fewer microscopic wrinkles and cracks, and high fatigue life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal forming and processing technology, specifically to a machine tool for forming thin-walled curved surface components and an artificial intelligence system. Background Technology

[0002] Molds have been widely used since before the industrial age, including in mechanical jigs, woodworking jigs, welding jigs, jewelry jigs, and other fields. Some types of jigs are also called "molds" or "tools," their main purpose being to repeat and accurately reproduce certain parts. Thin-walled metal spheres are characterized by their light weight, large specific surface area, and high specific mechanical properties, and are widely used in aerospace, medicine, nuclear energy, automotive, high-speed rail, construction, and electrochemistry. The main manufacturing method for thin-walled metal spheres is hydraulic bulging. The main steps of hydraulic bulging are: blanking, bending, assembly and welding, and liquid filling and bulging. This method offers advantages such as high material utilization and ease of on-site assembly and welding. However, hydraulic bulging has technical problems such as long processing time, easy cracking of welds during liquid filling and bulging, and difficulty in guaranteeing the quality of the inner and outer surfaces of the thin-walled spheres. These technical problems urgently need to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool and an artificial intelligence system to reduce the number of steps in the preparation of thin-walled metal spheres and improve the quality of finished products.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] One embodiment of the present invention provides a thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool, including a machine tool body, and further including an extrusion rod assembly, a mold and an ejector rod arranged from top to bottom on the machine tool body;

[0006] The mold includes an outer cylinder mold and a lower concave mold and an upper concave mold disposed within the outer cylinder mold. The upper concave mold is slidably fitted with the outer cylinder mold. The thin-walled metal cylinder to be extruded is placed between the upper concave mold and the lower concave mold. The space between the thin-walled metal cylinder and the outer cylinder mold is an external metal filling space, and the inner side of the thin-walled metal cylinder is an internal metal filling space. The upper concave mold has a central through hole and multiple axial through holes surrounding the central through hole. The internal metal filling space and the central through hole of the upper concave mold are filled with internal metal, and the external metal filling space and the multiple axial through holes of the upper concave mold are filled with external metal.

[0007] The extrusion rod assembly is used to drive the upper and lower concave dies to close. The metal thin-walled cylinder is extruded into a metal thin-walled spherical shell inside the upper and lower concave dies. The inner metal and the outer metal are back-pressed and followed by the inner and outer sides of the metal thin-walled cylinder, respectively.

[0008] The ejector rod passes through the center bottom hole of the concave mold. The ejector rod is used to open the mold and eject the formed thin-walled metal spherical shell.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the extrusion rod assembly includes an inner extrusion rod, a middle cylinder extrusion rod, and an outer cylinder extrusion rod that are coaxially nested and slidably fitted from the inside to the outside. The middle cylinder extrusion rod is used to drive the upper concave die to descend and extrude the thin-walled metal cylinder. During the deformation of the thin-walled metal cylinder, the inner metal is extruded through the central through hole of the upper concave die into the inner space of the middle cylinder extrusion rod, and the outer metal is extruded through multiple axial through holes of the upper concave die into the outer space of the middle cylinder extrusion rod.

[0010] The inner extrusion rod and the outer cylinder extrusion rod are used to apply back pressure to the inner metal and the outer metal, respectively.

[0011] In one possible implementation, both the lower concave mold and the upper concave mold have hemispherical cavities;

[0012] Both end faces of the thin-walled metal cylinder are concave conical surfaces that are recessed inward, and the outer edge of the concave conical surface is tangent to the inner surface of the hemispherical cavity of the upper and lower concave molds.

[0013] During the extrusion molding process, the two ends of the thin-walled metal cylinder are bent along the inner surfaces of the hemispherical cavities of the lower and upper concave molds, respectively.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the internal metal comprises an upper metal rotating part and a lower metal rotating part arranged symmetrically on the top and bottom, wherein the top of the upper metal rotating part is provided with a positioning post inserted into the central through hole of the upper concave mold; and the bottom of the lower metal rotating part is provided with a positioning groove for positioning with the ejector rod.

[0015] In one possible implementation, both the upper metal rotating part and the lower metal rotating part include a cylindrical rotating body and a hemispherical body, wherein the cylindrical rotating body is housed within the thin-walled metal cylinder, and the hemispherical body is housed within the upper or lower concave mold.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the outer metal comprises a metal cylinder and a plurality of metal cylinders, wherein the metal cylinder is located within the outer metal filling space, and the plurality of metal cylinders are respectively inserted into a plurality of axial through holes in the upper concave mold.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the melting points of both the inner and outer metals are lower than the melting point of the thin-walled metal cylinder.

[0018] In one possible implementation, both the inner metal and the outer metal are aluminum alloys, and the thin-walled metal cylinder is a high-temperature alloy.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the forming method of the thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool includes the following steps:

[0020] Step S1: Install the outer cylinder mold and the lower concave mold in place, place the metal thin-walled cylinder on the lower concave mold, fill the inner metal and outer metal in the inner metal filling space and the outer metal filling space, and place the upper concave mold.

[0021] Step S2: The extrusion rod assembly descends, the middle cylinder extrusion rod presses against the upper concave die, and the inner extrusion rod and the outer cylinder extrusion rod put the internal metal filling space and the external metal filling space under high pressure.

[0022] Step S3: The middle cylinder extrusion rod drives the upper concave die to descend and extrude the thin-walled metal cylinder. The two ends of the thin-walled metal cylinder bend and deform within the upper and lower concave dies, respectively. As the volume of the internal metal filling space decreases, the internal metal is extruded through the central through-hole of the upper concave die into the inner space of the middle cylinder extrusion rod. As the volume of the external metal filling space decreases, the external metal is extruded through multiple axial through-holes of the upper concave die into the outer space of the middle cylinder extrusion rod.

[0023] The inner extrusion rod and the outer cylinder extrusion rod apply back pressure to the inner metal and the outer metal, respectively.

[0024] Step S4: The upper concave mold descends to close with the lower concave mold, and the metal thin-walled cylinder is extruded into a metal thin-walled spherical shell. The outer metal is extruded into an outer metal forming component, and the inner metal is extruded into an inner metal forming component. The inner metal forming component is a combined structure consisting of the inner part of the metal thin-walled spherical shell and the inner part of the middle cylinder extrusion rod.

[0025] Step S5: The compression rod assembly rises, releasing the high pressure;

[0026] Step S6: The ejector rod lifts the internal metal forming component, the thin-walled metal spherical shell, and the upper concave mold to above the outer cylinder mold;

[0027] Step S7: Separate the portion of the internal metal forming component located outside the thin-walled metal spherical shell, and separate the upper concave mold;

[0028] Step S8: Heat-treat the thin-walled metal spherical shell containing some internal metal forming components, and the internal metal forming components melt and flow out from the thin-walled metal spherical shell;

[0029] Step S9: Perform materials science and mechanical analysis on the thin-walled metallic spherical shell.

[0030] Another aspect of the present invention provides an artificial intelligence system applied to the control of the aforementioned thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool, the artificial intelligence system comprising:

[0031] A professional AI multimodal large model for molding quality is used for extrusion path planning in machine tools for forming thin-walled curved components;

[0032] The heat treatment module is used to control the heat treatment of thin-walled metal spherical shells.

[0033] The testing module is used to test the mechanical properties and material characteristics of thin-walled metallic spherical shells.

[0034] The test data acquisition module is used to collect test data from the test module.

[0035] The machine learning module is used to sense the test data collected by the test data acquisition module and the temperature curve of the heat treatment module. It predicts the forming quality from thin-walled metal cylinder to thin-walled metal spherical shell through the extrusion simulation module, and controls the forming process motion of the thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool and the process temperature curve of the heat treatment module.

[0036] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool. During the process of forming a thin-walled metal cylinder into a thin-walled metal spherical shell, the inner and outer walls of the thin-walled metal cylinder are synchronously subjected to back pressure, resulting in high yield, fewer micro-wrinkles and cracks, and longer fatigue life. In the final stage of forming the thin-walled metal cylinder into a thin-walled metal spherical shell, the ejector rod effectively controls the relative sliding speed space vector between the thin-walled metal spherical shell and the mold. After the thin-walled metal spherical shell is formed, the axis of the mounting through hole of the thin-walled metal spherical shell is coaxial with the extrusion motion axis, resulting in high yield, fewer micro-wrinkles and cracks, and longer fatigue life. This effectively reduces the error of the final formed surface, making the surface of the thin-walled metal spherical shell smoother and improving the extrusion surface quality.

[0037] This invention utilizes an artificial intelligence system to effectively and continuously optimize molding quality, control the high pressure of inner and outer metal filling, effectively improve the geometric tolerances such as sphericity of the product, eliminate weld seams, and effectively improve product lifespan and reliability.

[0038] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool before extrusion forming according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0043] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool before extrusion molding according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the thin-walled curved surface component after extrusion molding using a forming machine tool according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0046] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of a thin-walled curved surface component after extrusion molding using a forming machine tool according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a control flow diagram of an artificial intelligence system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] In the figure: 1-Outer cylinder mold, 2-Lower concave mold, 121-Inner concave cone surface, 3-Ejector rod, 4-Outer cylinder extrusion rod, 5-Middle cylinder extrusion rod, 6-Inner extrusion rod, 7-Upper concave mold, 8-Metal cylinder, 9-Metal upper rotating part, 10-Metal cylinder, 11-Metal lower rotating part, 12-Metal thin-walled cylinder, 13-Outer metal forming component, 14-Inner metal forming component, 15-Metal thin-walled spherical shell, 151-Mounting through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0049] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0051] See Figures 1 to 6As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool, including a machine tool body and an extrusion rod assembly, a mold, and an ejector rod 3 arranged from top to bottom on the machine tool body; the mold includes an outer cylinder mold 1 and a lower concave mold 2 and an upper concave mold 7 disposed within the outer cylinder mold 1, wherein the upper concave mold 7 is slidably fitted with the outer cylinder mold 1, and the metal thin-walled cylinder 12 to be extruded is placed between the upper concave mold 7 and the lower concave mold 2, and the space between the metal thin-walled cylinder 12 and the outer cylinder mold 1 is an external metal filling space, and the inner side of the metal thin-walled cylinder 12 is an internal metal filling space; the upper concave mold 7 is provided with a central through hole and a plurality of axial through holes surrounding the central through hole, and the metal The inner metal filling space inside the thin-walled cylinder 12 and the central through hole of the upper concave mold 7 are filled with internal metal, and the outer metal filling space outside the thin-walled cylinder 12 and the multiple axial through holes of the upper concave mold 7 are filled with external metal; the extrusion rod assembly is used to drive the upper concave mold 7 and the lower concave mold 2 to close, and the thin-walled cylinder 12 is extruded into a thin-walled spherical shell 15 inside the upper concave mold 7 and the lower concave mold 2, and the internal metal and the external metal are back-pressed and followed by the inner and outer sides of the thin-walled cylinder 12 respectively; the ejector rod 3 passes through the central bottom hole of the lower concave mold 2, and the ejector rod 3 is used to open the upper concave mold 7 and eject the formed thin-walled spherical shell 15.

[0052] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the extrusion rod assembly includes an inner extrusion rod 6, a middle cylinder extrusion rod 5, and an outer cylinder extrusion rod 4, which are coaxially nested and slidably fitted from the inside to the outside. The middle cylinder extrusion rod 5 is used to drive the upper concave mold 7 to descend and extrude the thin-walled metal cylinder 12. During the deformation of the thin-walled metal cylinder 12, the inner metal is extruded through the central through hole of the upper concave mold 7 into the inner space of the middle cylinder extrusion rod 5, and the outer metal is extruded through the multiple axial through holes of the upper concave mold 7 into the outer space of the middle cylinder extrusion rod 5. The inner extrusion rod 6 and the outer cylinder extrusion rod 4 are used to apply back pressure to the inner metal and the outer metal respectively, thereby controlling the inner and outer surface quality of the thin-walled metal cylinder 12.

[0053] Specifically, the outer cylinder extrusion rod 4, the middle cylinder extrusion rod 5, and the inner extrusion rod 6 are all servo-controlled high-pressure hydraulic lifting movements, with extrusion pressure controllable from 0 to 11 GPa. The extrusion molding principle is severe plastic deformation (SPD). As an emerging plastic deformation method, SPD can introduce large strain during deformation, which is difficult to achieve with a true strain greater than 1 using traditional plastic deformation methods. The outer cylinder extrusion rod 4 controls the high-pressure state of the external metal-filled space, the middle cylinder extrusion rod 5 controls the up-and-down movement of the upper die 7, and the inner extrusion rod 6 controls the high-pressure state of the internal metal-filled space.

[0054] In embodiments of the present invention, both the lower concave mold 2 and the upper concave mold 7 have hemispherical cavities; both end faces of the thin-walled metal cylinder 12 are inwardly recessed conical surfaces 121, and the outer edges of the concave conical surfaces 121 are tangent to the inner surfaces of the hemispherical cavities of the upper concave mold 7 and the lower concave mold 2. (See also...) Figure 2 As shown, during the extrusion molding process, the two ends of the thin-walled metal cylinder 12 are bent along the inner surfaces of the hemispherical cavities of the lower die 2 and the upper die 7, respectively. Specifically, the angle between the concave conical surfaces 121 at both ends of the thin-walled metal cylinder 12 and the end planes of the lower die 2 or the upper die 7 is α, which is α = 7.9° in this embodiment.

[0055] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the internal metal includes an upper rotating metal component 9 and a lower rotating metal component 11 arranged symmetrically. The top of the upper rotating metal component 9 is provided with a positioning post inserted into the central through hole of the upper concave mold 7; the bottom of the lower rotating metal component 11 is provided with a positioning groove for positioning with the ejector rod 3. The ejector rod 3 is cylindrical, and in its initial position, it passes through the central bottom hole of the lower concave mold 2. The upper end of the ejector rod 3 extends into the positioning groove at the bottom of the lower rotating metal component 11. The outer cylinder mold 1 and the lower concave mold 2 remain stationary relative to the ground, while the ejector rod 3 can move up and down to eject the formed material inside the mold.

[0056] Specifically, both the upper metal rotating part 9 and the lower metal rotating part 11 include a cylindrical rotating body and a hemispherical body, wherein the cylindrical rotating body is housed in a thin-walled metal cylinder 12, and the hemispherical body is housed in an upper concave mold 7 or a lower concave mold 2.

[0057] See Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the outer metal includes a metal cylinder 10 and a plurality of metal cylinders 8, wherein the metal cylinder 10 is located within the outer metal filling space, and the plurality of metal cylinders 8 are respectively inserted into a plurality of axial through holes in the upper concave mold 7. Preferably, the upper concave mold 7 has four axial through holes evenly distributed thereon, and the four metal cylinders 8 are respectively inserted into the four axial through holes.

[0058] Furthermore, the melting points of both the inner and outer metals are lower than the melting point of the thin-walled metal cylinder 12. In this embodiment, both the inner and outer metals are aluminum alloys, preferably aluminum alloy grade 4047, which has a melting point of 575°C. The thin-walled metal cylinder 12 is a high-temperature alloy, preferably grade GH99, with a heat treatment temperature of 753°C-758°C for 7 hours.

[0059] See Figures 4 to 6As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the thin-walled metal spherical shell 15 has a pair of opposite mounting through holes 151 along the central axis of the thin-walled metal sphere. The two mounting through holes 151 are coaxial cylindrical holes. The lower mounting through hole 151 forms a positioning with the ejector rod 3, effectively improving the accuracy of the final forming. The surface of the thin-walled metal spherical shell 15 is smooth, improving the surface quality of the extrusion.

[0060] This invention provides a machine tool for forming thin-walled curved surface components, and a method for forming thin-walled curved surface components, comprising the following steps:

[0061] Step S1: The outer cylinder mold 1 and the lower concave mold 2 are installed in place. A thin-walled metal cylinder 12 is placed on the lower concave mold 2. The inner and outer metal filling spaces are filled with internal and external metal, respectively. The upper concave mold 7 is then placed. (See below) Figure 1 As shown;

[0062] Step S2: The extrusion rod assembly descends, the middle cylinder extrusion rod 5 presses against the upper concave mold 7, and the inner extrusion rod 6 and the outer cylinder extrusion rod 4 bring the internal metal filling space and the external metal filling space into a high-pressure state.

[0063] Step S3: The middle cylinder extrusion rod 5 drives the upper concave die 7 to descend and extrude the thin-walled metal cylinder 12. The two ends of the thin-walled metal cylinder 12 are bent and deformed in the upper concave die 7 and the lower concave die 2, respectively. As the volume of the internal metal filling space decreases, the internal metal is squeezed out from the central through hole of the upper concave die 7 into the inner space of the middle cylinder extrusion rod 5. As the volume of the external metal filling space decreases, the external metal is squeezed out from the multiple axial through holes of the upper concave die 7 into the outer space of the middle cylinder extrusion rod 5. The inner extrusion rod 6 and the outer cylinder extrusion rod 4 respectively apply back pressure to the internal metal and the external metal.

[0064] Step S4: The upper concave mold 7 descends to close with the lower concave mold 2, and the thin-walled metal cylinder 12 is extruded into a thin-walled metal spherical shell 15. The outer metal is extruded into an outer metal forming component 13, and the inner metal is extruded into an inner metal forming component 14. The inner metal forming component 14 is an integral structure including a portion located inside the thin-walled metal spherical shell 15 and a portion located inside the middle cylinder extrusion rod 5. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown;

[0065] Step S5: The compression rod assembly rises, releasing the high pressure;

[0066] Step S6: Ejector rod 3 lifts the internal metal forming component 14, the thin-walled metal spherical shell 15 and the upper concave mold 7 to above the outer cylinder mold 1;

[0067] Step S7: Separate the portion of the internal metal forming component 14 located outside the metal thin-walled spherical shell 15, and separate the upper concave mold 7;

[0068] Step S8: The metal thin-walled spherical shell 15 containing a portion of the internal metal forming component 14 is heat-treated, and the internal metal forming component 14 is melted and flows out from the metal thin-walled spherical shell 15.

[0069] Step S9: Perform materials science and mechanical analysis on the thin-walled metallic spherical shell 15.

[0070] The core technology in the process of forming a thin-walled cylinder into a thin-walled spherical shell is the deformation instability leading to microscopic wrinkles and cracks on the surface. In the embodiments of this invention, during the process of forming a thin-walled metal cylinder 12 into a thin-walled metal spherical shell 15, the inner and outer walls of the thin-walled metal cylinder 12 are synchronously subjected to back pressure, resulting in advantages such as high yield, fewer microscopic wrinkles and cracks, and long fatigue life. In the final stage of forming the thin-walled metal cylinder 12 into the thin-walled metal spherical shell 15, the ejector rod 3 effectively controls the spatial vector of the relative sliding speed between the thin-walled metal spherical shell 15 and the mold. After the thin-walled metal spherical shell 15 is formed, the axis of the mounting through hole 151 of the thin-walled metal spherical shell 15 is coaxial with the extrusion motion axis, resulting in advantages such as high yield, fewer microscopic wrinkles and cracks, and long fatigue life.

[0071] Based on the above design concept, another embodiment of the present invention provides an artificial intelligence system applied to the control of the thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool in the above embodiment.

[0072] See Figure 7 As shown, the artificial intelligence system includes:

[0073] A professional AI multimodal large model for molding quality is used for extrusion path planning of thin-walled curved surface component molding machine tools; specifically, it includes the molding process motion control of outer cylinder extrusion rod 4, middle cylinder extrusion rod 5 and inner extrusion rod 6;

[0074] A heat treatment module is used to control the heat treatment of the thin-walled metal spherical shell 15.

[0075] The testing module is used to test the mechanical properties and material characteristics of the thin-walled metal spherical shell 15.

[0076] The test data acquisition module is used to collect test data from the test module.

[0077] The machine learning module is used to sense the test data collected by the test data acquisition module and the temperature curve of the heat treatment module. It predicts the forming quality from the thin-walled metal cylinder 12 to the thin-walled metal spherical shell 15 through the extrusion simulation module, and controls the forming process motion of the thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool and the process temperature of the heat treatment module.

[0078] In embodiments of the present invention, the testing module includes a mechanical testing acquisition unit and a material property testing acquisition unit. The mechanical testing acquisition unit is used to collect the mechanical properties of the thin-walled metal spherical shell 15; the material testing acquisition unit is used to collect the material properties of the thin-walled metal spherical shell 15.

[0079] The heat treatment module includes a heating control unit and a heat sensor unit. The heat sensor unit is used to detect heat treatment temperature information, and the heating control unit controls the heat treatment temperature based on the heat treatment temperature information detected by the heat sensor unit.

[0080] The professional AI multimodal model for molding quality utilizes advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, deep learning, molding processes, embodied intelligence, and big data to empower quality planning for the molding of thin-walled cylinders to thin-walled curved spheres, thereby improving production quality and efficiency.

[0081] Machine learning (especially reinforcement learning) reward functions are the core mechanism guiding intelligence. Quality control units, efficiency and yield control units are the core objectives for evaluating the forming process of molding machines. By quantifying the value of behavior and state, the agent is guided to optimize strategies in the direction of reward. The machine learning of this invention can continuously optimize the forming process of molding machines. The reward function guides production based on the customer's production goals. Balanced incentives: yield rate, efficiency, and scrap rate are mutually balanced. The reward and penalty functions of machine learning are material and mechanical testing indicators, and the variables of machine learning are deformation extrusion control and back pressure control.

[0082] In embodiments of the present invention, the testing of the test module includes, but is not limited to, the operation of the thin-walled metal spherical shell 15 under extreme high temperature and complex stress environments.

[0083] Mechanical property testing (mechanical properties at room temperature and high temperature)

[0084] Tensile test: to determine the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of thin-walled parts, simulating the actual stress state.

[0085] Hardness testing: to assess the hardness distribution on the surface and inside of a material, commonly using Vickers or Rockwell hardness testers.

[0086] High-temperature creep and rupture performance: The deformation and fracture characteristics of materials under long-term high-temperature loads are tested using a high-temperature creep tester to ensure the stability of parts during service.

[0087] Microstructure analysis and testing (metallographic observation)

[0088] The uniformity of the material is assessed by analyzing grain size, phase distribution (such as γ' strengthening phase) and precipitate morphology using metallographic microscopy or scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

[0089] Key point: During the forming process of the thin-walled metal spherical shell 15, grain distortion may occur due to processing, which needs to be controlled and optimized through recrystallization.

[0090] Defect detection: Detects micro-defects such as microcracks and pores, and combines electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) to analyze crystal orientation and avoid failure in stress concentration areas.

[0091] High-temperature performance testing: oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, simulating high-temperature oxidation environments (such as gas corrosion), and evaluating the stability of the oxide film on the material surface through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) or cyclic oxidation tests.

[0092] Thermal fatigue performance testing: Tests the thermal fatigue resistance of parts under alternating temperature loads to simulate actual working conditions.

[0093] Non-destructive testing (NDT) technology (internal defect detection)

[0094] Ultrasonic testing: suitable for detecting internal cracks, delamination and other defects in thin-walled parts, with high sensitivity and no need to damage the sample.

[0095] X-ray inspection: Identifies volumetric defects such as pores and inclusions using imaging technology, and is suitable for thin-walled parts with complex geometries.

[0096] Infrared thermal imaging: rapidly scans the surface temperature distribution, indirectly reflecting the uniformity of the material's internal structure.

[0097] Surface integrity assessment uses penetrant testing (PT) or magnetic particle testing (MT) to check for surface microcracks and ensure there is no damage caused by processing or service.

[0098] Dimensional and morphological accuracy inspection: Three-dimensional scanning or laser measurement is performed on the wall thickness uniformity and contour accuracy of thin-walled parts to ensure that they meet the design requirements and avoid local stress concentration caused by molding process errors.

[0099] The inspection of thin-walled high-temperature alloy parts requires multi-dimensional evaluation, including mechanical properties, microstructure, high-temperature performance, and non-destructive testing. The introduction of modern testing technologies (such as ICP-MS, SEM, and ultrasonic imaging) has improved efficiency and accuracy. However, given the special characteristics of thin-walled parts, it is necessary to focus on the control of micro-defects and the verification of long-term stability under high-temperature environments, and to achieve full-process quality control by utilizing advanced equipment and technical teams.

[0100] This invention provides an artificial intelligence system that employs forming analysis software, preferably DEFORM-3D: this is a process simulation system based on the finite element analysis method, specifically designed for simulating three-dimensional metal forming and related forming and heat treatment processes. It boasts excellent accuracy and stability, can simulate large deformations and thermal properties, and is suitable for analyzing various material properties during metal forming processes.

[0101] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A machine tool for forming thin-walled curved surface components, comprising a machine tool body, characterized in that, It also includes the extrusion rod assembly, mold and ejector rod (3) arranged from top to bottom on the machine tool body; The mold includes an outer cylinder mold (1) and a lower concave mold (2) and an upper concave mold (7) disposed inside the outer cylinder mold (1). The upper concave mold (7) is slidably fitted with the outer cylinder mold (1). The metal thin-walled cylinder (12) to be extruded is placed between the upper concave mold (7) and the lower concave mold (2). The space between the metal thin-walled cylinder (12) and the outer cylinder mold (1) is an external metal filling space, and the inner side of the metal thin-walled cylinder (12) is an internal metal filling space. The upper concave mold (7) is provided with a central through hole and multiple axial through holes surrounding the central through hole. The internal metal filling space and the central through hole of the upper concave mold (7) are filled with internal metal, and the external metal filling space and the multiple axial through holes of the upper concave mold (7) are filled with external metal. The extrusion rod assembly is used to drive the upper concave mold (7) and the lower concave mold (2) to close. The metal thin-walled cylinder (12) is extruded into a metal thin-walled spherical shell (15) inside the upper concave mold (7) and the lower concave mold (2). The inner metal and the outer metal are back-pressure followed by the inner and outer sides of the metal thin-walled cylinder (12). The ejector rod (3) passes through the center bottom hole of the concave mold (2). The ejector rod (3) is used to open the mold and eject the formed metal thin-walled spherical shell (15). The extrusion rod assembly includes an inner extrusion rod (6), a middle cylinder extrusion rod (5), and an outer cylinder extrusion rod (4) that are coaxially nested and slidably fitted from the inside to the outside. The middle cylinder extrusion rod (5) is used to drive the upper concave mold (7) to descend and extrude the thin-walled metal cylinder (12). During the deformation of the thin-walled metal cylinder (12), the inner metal is extruded through the central through hole of the upper concave mold (7) into the inner space of the middle cylinder extrusion rod (5), and the outer metal is extruded through the multiple axial through holes of the upper concave mold (7) into the outer space of the middle cylinder extrusion rod (5). The inner extrusion rod (6) and the outer cylinder extrusion rod (4) are used to apply back pressure to the inner metal and the outer metal respectively, thereby controlling the inner and outer surface quality of the thin-walled metal cylinder (12).

2. The thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the lower concave mold (2) and the upper concave mold (7) have hemispherical concave cavities; The two end faces of the thin-walled metal cylinder (12) are both concave conical surfaces (121) that are recessed inward. The outer edge of the concave conical surface (121) is tangent to the inner surface of the hemispherical cavity of the upper concave mold (7) and the lower concave mold (2). During the extrusion molding process, the two ends of the thin-walled metal cylinder (12) are bent along the inner surfaces of the hemispherical concave cavities of the lower concave mold (2) and the upper concave mold (7), respectively.

3. The thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal metal includes an upper metal rotating part (9) and a lower metal rotating part (11) arranged symmetrically. The top of the upper metal rotating part (9) is provided with a positioning post inserted into the central through hole of the upper concave mold (7); the bottom of the lower metal rotating part (11) is provided with a positioning groove for positioning with the ejector rod (3).

4. The thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper metal rotating part (9) and the lower metal rotating part (11) both include a cylindrical rotating body and a hemispherical body, wherein the cylindrical rotating body is housed in the thin-walled metal cylinder (12), and the hemispherical body is housed in the upper concave mold (7) or the lower concave mold (2).

5. The thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external metal includes a metal cylinder (10) and a plurality of metal cylinders (8), wherein the metal cylinder (10) is located within the external metal filling space, and the plurality of metal cylinders (8) are respectively inserted into a plurality of axial through holes in the upper concave mold (7).

6. The thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The melting points of both the inner and outer metals are lower than the melting point of the thin-walled metal cylinder (12).

7. The thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both the inner metal and the outer metal are aluminum alloys, and the thin-walled metal cylinder (12) is a high-temperature alloy.

8. The thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The forming method of the thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool includes the following steps: Step S1: The outer cylinder mold (1) and the lower concave mold (2) are installed in place. A thin-walled metal cylinder (12) is placed on the lower concave mold (2). The inner metal and the outer metal are filled in the inner metal filling space and the outer metal filling space. The upper concave mold (7) is placed. Step S2: The extrusion rod assembly descends, the middle cylinder extrusion rod (5) presses against the upper concave mold (7), and the inner extrusion rod (6) and the outer cylinder extrusion rod (4) bring the internal metal filling space and the external metal filling space into a high-pressure state; Step S3: The middle cylinder extrusion rod (5) drives the upper concave die (7) to descend and extrude the thin-walled metal cylinder (12). The two ends of the thin-walled metal cylinder (12) are bent and deformed in the upper concave die (7) and the lower concave die (2), respectively. As the volume of the internal metal filling space decreases, the internal metal is squeezed out through the central through hole of the upper concave die (7) into the inner space of the middle cylinder extrusion rod (5). As the volume of the external metal filling space decreases, the external metal is squeezed out through the multiple axial through holes of the upper concave die (7) into the outer space of the middle cylinder extrusion rod (5). The inner extrusion rod (6) and the outer cylinder extrusion rod (4) respectively apply back pressure to the inner metal and the outer metal. Step S4: The upper concave mold (7) descends to close with the lower concave mold (2), and the metal thin-walled cylinder (12) is extruded into a metal thin-walled spherical shell (15). The outer metal is extruded into an outer metal forming component (13), and the inner metal is extruded into an inner metal forming component (14). The inner metal forming component (14) is a combined structure consisting of the inner part of the metal thin-walled spherical shell (15) and the inner part of the middle cylinder extrusion rod (5). Step S5: The compression rod assembly rises, releasing the high pressure; Step S6: The ejector rod (3) lifts the internal metal forming component (14), the thin-walled metal spherical shell (15) and the upper concave mold (7) above the outer cylinder mold (1); Step S7: Separate the portion of the internal metal forming component (14) located outside the metal thin-walled spherical shell (15) and separate the upper concave mold (7). Step S8: Heat-treat the metal thin-walled spherical shell (15) containing some internal metal forming components (14), and the internal metal forming components (14) melt and flow out from the metal thin-walled spherical shell (15); Step S9: Perform materials and mechanical analysis on the thin-walled spherical shell (15) of metal.

9. An artificial intelligence system, characterized in that, The artificial intelligence system applied to the control of the thin-walled curved surface component forming machine tool as described in claim 8 includes: A professional AI multimodal large model for molding quality is used for extrusion path planning in machine tools for forming thin-walled curved components; A heat treatment module is used to control the heat treatment of a thin-walled metal spherical shell (15); The testing module is used to test the mechanical properties and material characteristics of the thin-walled spherical shell (15) of metal; The test data acquisition module is used to collect test data from the test module. The machine learning module is used to sense the test data collected by the test data acquisition module and the temperature curve of the heat treatment module. It predicts the forming quality from the metal thin-walled cylinder (12) to the metal thin-walled spherical shell (15) through the extrusion simulation module, and controls the forming process motion of the thin-walled curved component forming machine tool and the process temperature of the heat treatment module.

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