Fluid section scanning device and application method

Abstract

The invention relates to a fluid section scanning device and an application method, and belongs to the technical field of water flow detection. According to the technical scheme, a second magnet on a rotating disc is matched with a first magnet on a magnet support through magnetic coupling, the magnet support outside the front side wall of a waterproof shell and a sliding shaft sleeve are driven to rotate around a fixed shaft, and a sensor on the sliding shaft sleeve rotates along with the magnet support; the sensor comprises a sonar sensor which floats under the water surface, a stepping motor rotates in a forward and reverse alternating discontinuous mode within the range of larger than 180 degrees and smaller than 360 degrees, and the sensor conducts forward and reverse alternating rotating scanning in the range of larger than 180 degrees and smaller than 360 degrees within the water passing section. The device has the advantages that winding damage of a sensor cable is avoided, magnetic coupling is adopted to replace a conductive slip ring, only waterproof sealing needs to be carried out on the driving motor and the control module, the sensor does not need to be sealed, reliability is improved, and cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fluid cross-section scanning device and an application method, belonging to the technical field of water flow detection. Background Art

[0002] Currently, in the detection technology related to the water industry, whether it is surface river channels or underground water pipelines, it is necessary to detect the cross-section of the flowing water or detect the cross-section of the flowing water and the velocity field. For water pipelines, the existing technology usually uses a rotating sonar for detection. The rotating sonar is arranged in the water, and the beam rotates 360° unidirectionally within the cross-section of the flowing water, so as to realize the omnidirectional detection and imaging of the underwater environment, and scan the siltation and defects in the pipelines of the water pipeline network. For the detection of surface river channels, the basis is the flow velocity-area method for measuring water stipulated in the national standard "Water Measurement Specification GB / T 21303—2015". Generally, a vane current meter is used to detect the flow velocity at each point in multiple flow channels and multiple flow layers of the river channel, and at the same time, the bottom siltation of each flow channel of the river channel is detected to determine the cross-sectional area of the flowing water. This method has been applied for decades and is still widely used. The river channels include river courses and channels, etc., the pipelines of the water pipeline network include culverts and water conveyance tunnels, etc., and their cross-sections include square pipelines and circular pipelines, etc.

[0003] The problems existing in the above existing technology are as follows: 1. For the detection of water pipeline networks, a rotating sonar is usually used. The sensor needs to rotate continuously 360 degrees unidirectionally within the cross-section of the flowing water. To prevent the winding and damage of the sensor cable, a conductive slip ring must be used for electrical connection; in the existing technology, the sensor, conductive slip ring, drive motor, and control module need to be waterproof sealed together with a protective rubber sleeve, and the sound wave transmission and reception of the sensor must pass through different media: coupling agent (the sonar sensor, drive motor, conductive slip ring, and control module are all immersed in it), the waterproof sealed sensor protective rubber sleeve with the least sound wave attenuation, and the sewage to be detected. Its disadvantage is that the structure is complex. Due to the continuous rotation and friction of the sensor, the protective rubber sleeve is easily damaged, resulting in the leakage of the coupling agent. After the sewage enters the protective rubber sleeve, it cannot be repaired, increasing the cost. The rotating sonar is expensive, with a domestic price of more than 70,000 yuan and an imported price of more than 96,000 yuan. After the protective rubber sleeve of the existing rotating sonar is damaged, some people use black tape to wrap and repair it, but the sewage has entered and affected the normal detection.

[0004] 2. The flow measurement of surface rivers and canals adopts the velocity - area method, mainly detecting the actual cross - sectional area of flow and the actual average velocity. However, due to the irregular siltation at the river bottom, it is very difficult to actually measure the cross - sectional area of flow in the river channel. Also, due to the irregular siltation at the river bottom and the natural bending of the river channel itself, the velocities at various points on the flow measurement cross - section are also irregular. When using a vane current meter, for example, in an 80 - meter - wide river channel, with 5 flow channels, 3 flow layers, a total of 5 silt measurement points and 15 velocity measurement points for measurement. According to the specification requirements, the velocity at each point is measured for 120 seconds, and measured 3 times. For the 15 velocity measurement points, it takes at least one and a half hours. During this one and a half hours, the flow regime of the river channel has changed many times, and only 5 river - bottom silt measurement points cannot describe the river - bottom siltation situation in detail. If using a radar wave flow meter of the existing technology, since the radar wave can only detect the water surface velocity, it cannot detect the actual cross - sectional flow velocity field, let alone detect the river - bottom siltation, so it cannot be used for flow measurement.

[0005] In summary, the defects of the existing technology mainly focus on two points: (1) For the water supply pipe network using a rotating sonar, it needs to continuously rotate 360 degrees in a single direction within the cross - sectional area of flow, and the electrical connection must be achieved through a conductive slip ring. The sensor, drive motor, and control module need to be waterproof - sealed together using a protective rubber sleeve, which is easy to damage and difficult to repair.

[0006] (2) For river and canal flow measurement, using a propeller current meter has a long detection duration, cannot adapt to the flow regime changes of the river channel, and cannot accurately measure the flow of rivers and canals. This is a technical problem that the industry has long been eager to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a fluid cross - section scanning device and an application method, which make the sensor float below the fluid surface. On the premise of ensuring the scanning of the entire cross - sectional area of flow, the continuous 360 - degree single - direction rotation of the sensor within the cross - sectional area of flow is changed to discontinuous rotation. The sensor rotates non - continuously in a positive - negative alternating manner within a range greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees, avoiding the winding and damage of the sensor cable. Using magnetic coupling to replace the conductive slip ring, only the drive motor and the control module need to be waterproof - sealed, and the sensor does not need to be sealed, improving reliability and reducing costs; for river and canal flow measurement and water supply pipe network flow, using the above - mentioned fluid cross - section scanning device to scan the cross - sectional area of flow, realizing accurate flow measurement of the cross - sectional area of flow and solving the above - mentioned technical problems existing in the existing technology.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is: A fluid cross-section scanning device includes a control module, a sensor assembly, and a sensor driving device. The sensor driving device includes a waterproof housing, a rotating disk, a stepping motor, and a fixed shaft. The waterproof housing is divided into a front space and a rear space by a motor mounting plate. A stepping motor is arranged in the rear space and filled with glue to form a waterproof seal. The motor shaft of the stepping motor passes through the motor mounting plate and enters the front space. The rotating disk is arranged on the motor shaft, and a second magnet is provided on the rotating disk. The rotating disk is arranged close to the front inner wall of the waterproof housing. A fixed shaft is provided on the front outer wall of the waterproof housing, and the sensor assembly is mounted on the fixed shaft. The sensor assembly includes a sensor, a magnet bracket, and a sliding bushing. The sliding bushing is sleeved on the fixed shaft, and a magnet bracket is provided on the sliding bushing. A first magnet magnetically coupled with the second magnet on the rotating disk is provided on the magnet bracket. The sensor is fixed to the front end of the sliding bushing. The motor shaft of the stepping motor drives the rotating disk close to the front inner wall to rotate. The second magnet on the rotating disk is matched with the first magnet on the magnet bracket through magnetic coupling, driving the magnet bracket and the sliding bushing outside the front side wall of the waterproof housing to rotate around the fixed shaft, and the sensor on the sliding bushing rotates accordingly. The control module is connected to the stepping motor and the sensor. The sensor includes a sonar sensor, floating below the water surface. The stepping motor rotates forward and backward alternately and discontinuously within a range greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees. The sensor performs a forward and backward alternating rotation scan greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees within the water cross-section. The sensor in this application does not rotate continuously in one direction, but rotates forward and backward alternately and discontinuously within a range greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees.

[0009] Further, the control module and the stepping motor are arranged in the rear space of the waterproof housing, or are arranged outside the waterproof housing and connected to the stepping motor and the sensor in the waterproof housing through a waterproof cable. The control module is well-known, and it is also well-known how to control the sonar sensor to perform a forward and backward alternating rotation greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees. For example: programming control, travel switch control, sensor control, etc.

[0010] Further, the sensor assembly and the sensor driving device are arranged below a floating body. The floating body floats on the water surface. The sensor assembly is located below the water surface. The sensor of the sensor assembly performs a forward and backward alternating rotation scan greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees within the water cross-section below the floating body.

[0011] Further, the sensor is a sonar sensor. Or it is a combination of a sonar sensor and a Doppler sensor. The sonar sensor and the Doppler sensor are arranged together and driven to rotate by the same set of sensor driving devices; or the sonar sensor and the Doppler sensor are arranged separately and driven to rotate by their respective sensor driving devices.

[0012] The sonar sensor directly detects and identifies objects in water and the contour of the water bottom. The sonar sensor emits a sound wave signal, which will be reflected back when it encounters an object. The distance and position are calculated based on the reflection time and waveform. The ultrasonic sensor is a sensor developed using the characteristics of ultrasonic waves. The sound waves emitted by the sonar sensor can only function underwater and are ineffective above the water surface. In this application, the sonar sensor is fixed on the lower side of the floating body and immersed in water. It is meaningless for the cross-section sonar sensor to rotate above the water surface, and it is not necessary to rotate 360 degrees. Since the installation position of the sonar sensor is below the water surface, to scan the entire water surface, it must rotate more than 180 degrees, but less than 360 degrees is sufficient to meet the scanning range. By alternately rotating in the forward and reverse directions instead of the continuous one-way rotation in the prior art, the winding and damage of the sonar sensor cable can be avoided, and the conductive slip ring in the prior art can be omitted. Since the conductive slip ring is cancelled, only the control module and the sensor driving device need to be enclosed in a waterproof housing, and the sensor assembly can directly work in water. The sensor needs to pass through the sewage medium to be detected, avoiding the sensor in the prior art passing through multiple media.

[0013] Further, the sensor is connected to the control module through a connection cable. The middle part of the connection cable is coiled into a loop and sleeved on the sliding bushing. When the sliding bushing rotates, the coiled loop of the connection cable does not rotate 360 degrees accordingly. The connection cable connecting the sensor is coiled around the sliding bushing in multiple turns. When the sensor rotates alternately in the forward and reverse directions, the connection cable loosens and tightens, and will not get entangled, thus ensuring the reliable connection between the sensor and the control module and eliminating the very troublesome conductive slip ring in the prior art.

[0014] Further, the connection cable can also be arranged at other positions between the sensor assembly and the sensor driving device.

[0015] Further, the sliding bushing, the fixed shaft, and the motor shaft of the stepping motor are coaxially arranged.

[0016] Further, the number of magnets two on the rotating disk is equal to the number of magnets one on the magnet bracket, and they are arranged in pairs and magnetically coupled through the N pole and S pole. Multiple magnets one are arranged with the N pole and S pole spaced on the magnet bracket, and multiple magnets two are arranged with the N pole and S pole spaced on the rotating disk.

[0017] Further, the sensor is fixed to the front end of the sliding bushing through a steel plate with a central hole. The central hole of the steel plate is fixed to the front end of the sliding bushing, and the sensor is fixed to the steel plate.

[0018] Further, the waterproof housing plays a role in separating water. Since the sensor rotates while being exposed in water, it only needs to penetrate the water medium to be detected, and the sensor does not need to take waterproof measures no matter how deep the water is.

[0019] A method for measuring the flow rate of a water supply pipeline network using the above-mentioned fluid cross-section scanning device. A ranging sensor is arranged in the space behind the waterproof housing of the fluid cross-section scanning device, and the probe of the ranging sensor is arranged above the water surface. When the water level in the pipeline of the water supply pipeline network is not full, the space above the water surface is scanned by the ranging sensor to determine the pipeline diameter. The sonar sensor is used for scanning above the water surface. The depth of the part above the sediment at the bottom of the pipeline is measured by scanning with the sonar sensor, and the pipeline sediment layer is calculated, so as to complete the flow rate measurement under the condition that the pipeline water level is not full (the method of calculating the pipeline flow velocity is a well-known and commonly used existing technology).

[0020] Furthermore, the ranging sensor is located on a floating body floating on the water surface. The ranging sensor is a fan-shaped array ranging sensor, and a fan-shaped ranging sensor array is provided to describe the limited space on the water surface in a graphical manner.

[0021] Furthermore, the number of the array ranging sensors is at least one.

[0022] Furthermore, the ranging sensor includes a radar, an ultrasonic ranging sensor, a laser ranging sensor, etc.

[0023] A method for measuring the flow rate of a river or canal using the above-mentioned fluid cross-section scanning device. Since the space above the water surface is infinite, the sonar sensor of the fluid cross-section scanning device is used to detect the underwater flow area, and the Doppler sensor is used to scan the flow velocity field to calculate the flow velocity of the river or canal, without detecting the space above the water surface (the method of calculating the flow velocity of the river or canal is a well-known and commonly used existing technology).

[0024] The Doppler sensor is a beam multi-point segmentation Doppler flow velocity sensor. The beam multi-point segmentation Doppler flow velocity sensor obtains the average flow velocity on the beam. While the sonar sensor scans the flow cross-section, the multi-point segmentation Doppler flow velocity sensor also conducts an omnidirectional scan of the flow velocity field of the entire flow cross-section, so as to obtain the average flow velocity of the entire flow velocity field and achieve accurate measurement of the flow rate of the river or canal.

[0025] There are only two ways of underwater scanning by the sonar sensor: the phased array method of a multi-point array sensor without mechanical drive and the single sensor moving scan method with mechanical drive. The present invention relates to the latter with low cost, and what needs to be solved is the transmission of the control signal of the driven sensor under the absolute water isolation condition underwater.

[0026] The data algorithm of the sonar sensor adopts the differential / integral method to calculate and describe the irregular overall cross-section and shape. The entire cross-section is divided into extremely small angles as the sensor rotates. The division angle of the present invention is 1.5 degrees, and the area within this small angle is calculated. Then, all the small areas are summed within the range greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees to obtain the area and shape of the entire underwater cross-section.

[0027] For culverts or water conveyance tunnels with space above the water surface, a ranging sensor is used for scanning to graphically describe the limited space of the water surface.

[0028] Advantages of the present invention: Let the sensor float below the water surface. On the premise of ensuring the scanning of the entire cross-section of the flowing water, change the continuous rotation of the sensor in one direction by 360 degrees within the cross-section of the flowing water to discontinuous rotation. The sensor rotates in a non-continuous manner in a forward and reverse alternating manner within a range greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees, avoiding the winding and damage of the sensor cable. Use magnetic coupling to replace the conductive slip ring, and only need to waterproof and seal the drive motor and the control module. The sensor does not need to be sealed, improving reliability and reducing costs; For river channel measurement and water pipeline network flow, use the above-mentioned fluid cross-section scanning device to scan the cross-section of the flowing water to achieve accurate flow measurement of the flowing cross-section. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the fluid cross-section scanning device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Physical photo of the fluid cross-section scanning device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Physical photo of the fluid cross-section scanning device installed below the floating body according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 Three-dimensional physical photo of the fluid cross-section scanning device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 Physical photo of the front end of the fluid cross-section scanning device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 Computer scanning diagram of a circular culvert cross-section according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 Computer scanning diagram of a square culvert cross-section according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of small-angle segmentation scanning of the sonar sensor in the pipeline and the layout schematic diagram of the ranging sensor array above the water surface according to Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of small-angle segmentation scanning of the sonar sensor in the river channel according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of multi-point segmentation scanning of the Doppler sensor beam in the river channel according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 11 Physical photo of the damaged sonar sensor wrapped with black tape for repair in the prior art, but the sewage has already entered; Figure 12 On-site photo of the river channel siltation in the use environment according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 13 On-site photo of the channel siltation in the use environment according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the sensor structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: river channel water surface 1, floating body 2, fluid cross-section scanning device 3, control module 4, sensor assembly 5, sensor driving device 6, sensor 7, steel plate 8, magnet bracket 9, magnet 1 10, sliding bushing 11, connecting cable 12, waterproof housing 13, fixed shaft 14, rotating disk 15, magnet 2 16, stepping motor 17, motor mounting plate 18, motor shaft 19, waterproof seal 20, fan-shaped array ranging sensor 21, ranging sensor 22, forward and reverse scanning and scanning area of the ranging sensor above the water surface 23, forward and reverse small-angle segmentation scanning and scanning area of the sonar sensor below the water surface 24, drainage pipe 25, forward and reverse Doppler beam segmentation scanning and scanning area of the underwater river channel 26, siltation at the bottom of the sonar scanning area 27, sonar sensor 28, Doppler sensor 29. Specific implementation manners

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings through embodiments.

[0031] A fluid cross-section scanning device includes a control module 4, a sensor assembly 5, and a sensor driving device 6. The sensor driving device 6 includes a waterproof housing 13, a rotating disk 15, a stepping motor 17, and a fixed shaft 14. Inside the waterproof housing 13, it is divided into a front space and a rear space by a motor mounting plate 18. The stepping motor 17 is arranged in the rear space and filled with glue to form a waterproof seal 20. The motor shaft 19 of the stepping motor 17 passes through the motor mounting plate 18 and enters the front space. The rotating disk 15 is arranged on the motor shaft 19, and a second magnet 16 is provided on the rotating disk 15. The rotating disk 15 is arranged close to the front inner wall of the waterproof housing 13. A fixed shaft 14 is provided on the front outer wall of the waterproof housing 13, and the sensor assembly 5 is mounted on the fixed shaft 14. The sensor assembly 5 includes a sensor 7, a magnet bracket 9, and a sliding bushing 11. The sliding bushing 11 is sleeved on the fixed shaft 14, the magnet bracket 9 is provided on the sliding bushing 11, and a first magnet 10 magnetically coupled with the second magnet 16 on the rotating disk 15 is provided on the magnet bracket 9. The sensor 7 is fixed at the front end of the sliding bushing 11. The motor shaft of the stepping motor 17 drives the rotating disk 15 close to the front inner wall to rotate. The second magnet 16 on the rotating disk 15 is matched with the first magnet 10 on the magnet bracket 9 through magnetic coupling, driving the magnet bracket 9 and the sliding bushing 11 outside the front side wall of the waterproof housing 13 to rotate around the fixed shaft 14, and the sensor 7 on the sliding bushing 11 rotates accordingly. The control module 4 is connected to the stepping motor 17 and the sensor 7. The sensor 7 includes a sonar sensor, floating below the water surface. The stepping motor 17 rotates forward and backward alternately and discontinuously within a range greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees, and the sensor 7 performs a forward and backward alternating rotation scan greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees within the water cross-section. The sensor 7 of the present application does not rotate continuously in one direction, but rotates forward and backward alternately and discontinuously within a range greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees.

[0032] The control module 4 and the stepping motor 17 are arranged in the rear space of the waterproof housing 13, or arranged outside the waterproof housing 13 and connected to the stepping motor 17 and the sensor 7 inside the waterproof housing 13 through a waterproof cable. The control module 4 is well-known, and it is also well-known to control the sonar sensor to perform a forward and backward alternating rotation greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees.

[0033] The sensor assembly 5 and the sensor driving device 6 are arranged below the floating body 2. The floating body 2 floats on the water surface. The sensor assembly 5 is located below the water surface, and the sensor 7 of the sensor assembly 5 performs a forward and backward alternating rotation scan greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees within the water cross-section below the floating body.

[0034] The described sensor 7 is a sonar sensor. Or it is a combination of a sonar sensor and a Doppler sensor. The sonar sensor and the Doppler sensor are arranged together and driven to rotate by the same set of sensor driving devices; or the sonar sensor and the Doppler sensor are arranged separately and driven to rotate by their respective sensor driving devices.

[0035] The sonar sensor directly detects and identifies objects in water and the contour of the water bottom. The sonar sensor emits a sound wave signal, which will be reflected back when it encounters an object. Its distance and position are calculated based on the reflection time and waveform. The ultrasonic sensor is a sensor developed using the characteristics of ultrasonic waves. The sound waves emitted by the sonar sensor can only function underwater and are ineffective above the water surface. In this application, the sonar sensor is fixed on the lower side of the floating body and immersed in water. It is meaningless for the sonar sensor to rotate above the water surface. Rotating 360 degrees is also unnecessary. Since the installation position of the sonar sensor is below the water surface, to scan the entire water surface, it must rotate more than 180 degrees, but less than 360 degrees can meet the scanning range. By alternately rotating in the forward and reverse directions instead of the continuous unidirectional rotation in the prior art, the entanglement and damage of the sonar sensor cable can be avoided, and the conductive slip ring in the prior art can be omitted. Since the conductive slip ring is cancelled, only the control module 4 and the sensor driving device 6 need to be enclosed in the waterproof housing 13, and the sensor assembly 5 can directly work in water. The sensor needs to pass through the sewage medium to be detected, avoiding the sensor in the prior art passing through multiple media.

[0036] The sensor 7 is connected to the control module 4 through the connection cable 12. The middle part of the connection cable 12 is coiled into a loop and sleeved on the sliding bushing 11. When the sliding bushing 11 rotates, the coiled loop of the connection cable 12 does not rotate 360 degrees accordingly. The connection cable 12 connecting the sensor is coiled around the sliding bushing 11 in multiple turns. The connection cable 12 is loosened and tightened alternately when the sensor rotates in the forward and reverse directions, and will not get entangled, thus ensuring the reliable connection between the sensor and the control module 4 and eliminating the very troublesome conductive slip ring in the prior art.

[0037] The described connection cable can also be arranged at other positions between the sensor assembly and the sensor driving device.

[0038] The sliding bushing 11, the fixed shaft 14, and the motor shaft of the stepping motor 17 are arranged coaxially.

[0039] The number of magnets two 16 on the rotating disk 15 is equal to the number of magnets one 10 on the magnet bracket 9. They are arranged in pairs and magnetically coupled to each other through the N pole and S pole; multiple magnets one 10 are arranged with the N pole and S pole spaced on the magnet bracket 9, and multiple magnets two 16 are arranged with the N pole and S pole spaced on the rotating disk 15.

[0040] The sensor 7 is fixed to the front end of the sliding bushing 11 through a steel plate 8 with a central hole. The central hole of the steel plate 8 is fixed to the front end of the sliding bushing 11, and the sensor 7 is fixed to the steel plate 8.

[0041] The waterproof housing 13 serves as a water barrier. Since the sensor rotates while being exposed to water, only the water medium that needs to be penetrated for detection is involved, and no waterproof measures need to be taken for the sensor regardless of the water depth.

[0042] A method for measuring the flow rate of a water conveyance pipeline network using the above-mentioned fluid cross-section scanning device. A ranging sensor 22 is arranged in the space behind the waterproof housing 13 of the fluid cross-section scanning device. The probe of the ranging sensor 22 is arranged facing above the water surface. When the water level in the pipeline of the water conveyance pipeline network is not full, the space above the water surface is scanned by the ranging sensor 22 to determine the pipeline diameter. The sonar sensor is used for scanning above the water surface. The depth of the part above the sediment at the bottom of the pipeline is measured by scanning with the sonar sensor and the pipeline sediment layer is calculated, and then the flow rate measurement under the condition that the water level in the pipeline is not full is completed (the method for calculating the pipeline flow velocity is a well-known and commonly used prior art).

[0043] The ranging sensor 22 is located on the floating body 2 floating on the water surface. The ranging sensor 22 is a fan-shaped array ranging sensor 21, which is provided with a fan-shaped ranging sensor array to describe the limited space above the water surface.

[0044] The number of the array ranging sensors is at least one.

[0045] The ranging sensor includes a radar, an ultrasonic ranging sensor, a laser ranging sensor, etc.

[0046] A method for measuring the flow rate of a river or canal using the above-mentioned fluid cross-section scanning device. Since the space above the water surface is infinite, the sonar sensor of the fluid cross-section scanning device is used to detect the underwater flow area, and the Doppler sensor is used to scan the flow velocity field to calculate the flow velocity of the river or canal, without detecting the space above the water surface (the method for calculating the flow velocity of the river or canal is a well-known and commonly used prior art).

[0047] The Doppler sensor is a beam multi-point segmentation Doppler flow velocity sensor. The beam multi-point segmentation Doppler flow velocity sensor obtains the average flow velocity on the beam. While the sonar sensor scans the flow cross-section, the multi-point segmentation Doppler flow velocity sensor also conducts an omnidirectional scan of the flow velocity field of the entire flow cross-section, so as to obtain the average flow velocity of the entire flow velocity field and achieve accurate measurement of the flow rate of the river or canal.

[0048] In the embodiment, the waterproof housing 13 is installed at the lower part of the floating body 2, and the control module 4 is sealed together with the stepping motor 17. Alternatively, the control module 4 can be connected to the outside above the water surface through a waterproof cable.

[0049] The sensor assembly 5 is arranged at the front of the sensor driving device 6, and the sensor driving device 6 drives the sensor assembly through water-isolated magnetic coupling. The sensor 7 can be a sonar sensor or a combination of a sonar sensor and a Doppler sensor.

[0050] The stepping motor is installed in the waterproof housing through a motor mounting plate. The fixed shaft is fixed outside the axis of the end cover of the waterproof housing. Inside the axis of the end cover of the waterproof housing is a rotating disk. Paired magnets two with NS poles arranged at intervals are matched on the rotating disk. The arrangement position of the magnets two corresponds to the position of the magnet one on the magnet bracket 9 of the sensor assembly 5. The rotating disk is matched on the shaft 19 of the stepping motor and freely rotates under the drive of the stepping motor. The magnet two on the rotating disk and the magnet one on the magnet bracket of the sliding shaft sleeve on the fixed shaft outside the waterproof housing are coupled through a magnetic field, realizing the positive and negative alternating rotation scanning of the sensor within a range greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees under the drive of the stepping motor. The end cover of the waterproof housing plays a role in isolating water, thus achieving absolute waterproofing. The sensor exposed in water does not need to take waterproof measures no matter how deep the water is.

[0051] When the sonar sensor operates, it performs digital angle segmentation. For example, the interval of the segmentation angle is 1.5 degrees, and the velocity measurement beam of the Doppler sensor is also digitally segmented. For example, according to the range size of the actual application scenario, the beam is automatically segmented into at least 1 point and at most 256 points.

[0052] The cables are gathered in the waterproof housing and waterproof sealing 20 treatment is carried out.

[0053] Embodiment 1, referring to Appendix Figures 1-6 、8, the cross-section of the pipeline is circular. In the case of low water level, there is a limited space above the water surface of the pipeline; the floating body 2 of the fluid cross-section scanning device is matched with a fan-shaped ranging sensor array 21 above the water surface. Its ranging sensor 22 is an acoustic ranging sensor or a radar ranging sensor or a laser ranging sensor for scanning, and is used to describe the graphics of the limited space above the water surface.

[0054] Appendix Figure 8 Marked the positive and negative scanning and scanning area 23 of the ranging sensor above the water surface, the positive and negative small-angle segmentation scanning and scanning area 24 of the sonar sensor below the water surface, the drainage pipeline 25, and the siltation at the bottom of the sonar scanning area 27.

[0055] Embodiment 2, referring to Appendix Figures 1-5 、7、8, the cross-section of the pipeline is square.

[0056] When the water level in the pipeline is not full, the sonar sensor cannot be used to scan the space above the water surface. The space above the water surface needs to be scanned by a ranging sensor to determine the pipeline diameter, and the pipeline silt layer is calculated by the water depth measured by scanning with the sonar sensor above the silt.

[0057] Example 3, referring to Appendix Figures 1-5 、9-14, since the space above the water surface is infinite, the sonar sensor of the fluid cross-section scanning device is used to detect the underwater flow area, and the Doppler sensor is used to scan the flow velocity field to calculate the river channel flow velocity, without the need to detect the space above the water surface. Because the sonar sensor is fixed on the lower side of the floating body and immersed in the water, the sonar sensor only works underwater and does not work above the water surface. Because there is a floating body above, the part below the water surface will not reach 360 degrees. Also, because the sensor is below the floating body and the installation position of the sonar sensor is lower than the water surface, to scan the entire water surface scanning range, it must be greater than 180 degrees, but less than 360 degrees is sufficient to meet the scanning range.

[0058] Referring to Appendix Figure 9 、 10 , the small-angle forward and reverse segmentation scanning of the sonar sensor below the water surface and the scanning area 24, the Doppler beam segmentation scanning of the river channel underwater and the scanning area 26, and the silt at the bottom of the sonar scanning area 27.

[0059] Referring to Appendix Figure 14 , the sensor 7 is a combination of the sonar sensor 28 and the Doppler sensor 29. The sonar sensor 28 and the Doppler sensor 29 are arranged together and driven to rotate by the same set of sensor driving devices.

Claims

1. A fluid cross-section scanning device, characterized in that: It includes a control module (4), a sensor assembly (5) and a sensor driving device (6). The sensor driving device (6) includes a waterproof housing (13), a rotating disk (15), a stepping motor (17) and a fixed shaft (14). Inside the waterproof housing (13), it is divided into a front space and a rear space by a motor mounting plate (18). The stepping motor (17) is arranged in the rear space and filled with glue to form a waterproof seal (20). The motor shaft (19) of the stepping motor (17) passes through the motor mounting plate (18) and enters the front space. The rotating disk (15) is arranged on the motor shaft (19). A second magnet (16) is provided on the rotating disk (15). The rotating disk (15) is arranged close to the inner wall of the front side of the waterproof housing (13). A fixed shaft (14) is provided on the outer wall of the front side of the waterproof housing (13), and the sensor assembly (5) is mounted on the fixed shaft (14). The sensor assembly (5) includes a sensor (7), a magnet bracket (9) and a sliding bushing (11). The sliding bushing (11) is sleeved on the fixed shaft (14). A magnet bracket (9) is provided on the sliding bushing (11), and a first magnet (10) magnetically coupled with the second magnet (16) on the rotating disk (15) is provided on the magnet bracket (9). The sensor (7) is fixed at the front end of the sliding bushing (11). The motor shaft of the stepping motor (17) drives the rotating disk (15) close to the inner wall of the front side to rotate. The second magnet (16) on the rotating disk (15) is matched with the first magnet (10) on the magnet bracket (9) through magnetic coupling, driving the magnet bracket (9) and the sliding bushing (11) outside the front side wall of the waterproof housing (13) to rotate around the fixed shaft (14), and the sensor (7) on the sliding bushing (11) rotates accordingly. The control module (4) is connected to the stepping motor (17) and the sensor (7). The sensor (7) includes a sonar sensor (28), floating below the water surface. The stepping motor (17) rotates forward and backward alternately and discontinuously within a range greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees, and the sensor (7) makes a forward and backward alternating rotation scan within the water cross-section greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees.

2. The fluid cross-section scanning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module (4) and the stepping motor (17) are arranged together in the rear space of the waterproof housing (13), or arranged outside the waterproof housing (13) and connected to the stepping motor (17) and the sensor (7) inside the waterproof housing (13) through a waterproof cable.

3. A fluid cross-section scanning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sensor assembly (5) and the sensor driving device (6) are arranged below a floating body (2). The floating body (2) floats on the water surface. The sensor assembly (5) is located below the water surface. The sensor (7) of the sensor assembly (5) makes a forward and backward alternating rotation scan within the water cross-section below the floating body greater than 18 degrees and less than 360 degrees.

4. A fluid cross-section scanning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sensor (7) is a combination of a sonar sensor (28) and a Doppler sensor (29). The sonar sensor (28) and the Doppler sensor (29) are arranged together and driven to rotate by the same set of sensor driving devices; or the sonar sensor (28) and the Doppler sensor (29) are arranged separately and driven to rotate by their respective sensor driving devices.

5. A fluid cross-section scanning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sensor (7) is connected to the control module (4) through a connecting cable (12). The middle part of the connecting cable (12) is coiled into a loop and sleeved on the sliding bushing (11). When the sliding bushing (11) rotates, the coiled loop of the connecting cable (12) does not rotate 360 degrees therewith.

6. A fluid cross-section scanning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sliding bushing (11), the fixed shaft (14) and the motor shaft of the stepping motor (17) are arranged coaxially.

7. A fluid cross-section scanning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The number of the second magnets (16) on the rotating disk (15) is equal to the number of the first magnets (10) on the magnet bracket (9). They are arranged in pairs and magnetically coupled to each other through the N pole and the S pole; a plurality of the first magnets (10) are arranged at intervals of the N pole and the S pole on the magnet bracket (9), and a plurality of the second magnets (16) are arranged at intervals of the N pole and the S pole on the rotating disk (15).

8. A fluid cross-section scanning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sensor (7) is fixed to the front end of the sliding bushing (11) through a steel plate (8) with a central hole. The central hole of the steel plate (8) is fixed to the front end of the sliding bushing (11), and the sensor (7) is fixed to the steel plate (8).

9. A method for measuring the flow rate of a water supply pipeline network by using the fluid cross-section scanning device according to any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that: A ranging sensor (22) is arranged in the space behind the waterproof housing (13) of the fluid cross-section scanning device. The probe of the ranging sensor (22) is arranged facing above the water surface. When the water level in the pipeline of the water supply pipeline network is not full, the space above the water surface is scanned by the ranging sensor (22) to determine the pipeline diameter; the sonar sensor (28) is used for scanning above the water surface. The water depth above the sediment at the bottom of the pipeline is measured by scanning with the sonar sensor (28), and the pipeline sediment layer is calculated, so as to complete the flow measurement when the water level in the pipeline is not full.

10. A method for measuring the flow of a river or canal using the fluid cross-section scanning device according to any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that: The underwater flow area is detected by using the sonar sensor (28) of the fluid cross-section scanning device, and the flow velocity field is scanned by using the Doppler sensor (29) to calculate the flow velocity of the river channel, without detecting the space above the water surface.

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