Method for increasing yield of alfalfa seeds by using growth regulator

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for increasing the yield of alfalfa seeds by using a growth regulator. The method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a seed field production area; (2) land parcel selection; (3) soil pretreatment before sowing; (4) sowing; (5) field management; (6) harvesting and drying; in the step (5), a compound sodium nitrophenolate solution is uniformly sprayed in the bud stage, the dosage is 200 L / hm < 2 >, and the mass concentration of the compound sodium nitrophenolate solution is 5.0-6.0 ppm. The hole sowing machine is adopted to accurately control the sowing depth and the sowing quantity, the sowing density of an alfalfa seed field is strictly controlled, the optimal plant growth regulator is innovatively matched for application, and the alfalfa seed yield is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for increasing the yield of alfalfa seeds, in particular to a method for increasing the yield of alfalfa seeds by utilizing a growth regulator. Background Art

[0002] Currently, alfalfa seed yields are generally low, hovering between 20 and 30 kg per mu of alfalfa field. Low alfalfa seed yields are due to a variety of factors, including small and fragmented production areas, poor land conditions, outdated production technology, the lack of quality cultivars, uneven seed quality, and low economic returns. Outdated production technology is a key factor restricting the increase in alfalfa seed yield. Seed field production technology determines plant density, field management efficiency, and seed yield. Hole seeding is a commonly used sowing method that effectively controls plant spacing and improves land utilization. However, existing hole seeding equipment presents numerous practical challenges. For example, precise control of seeding depth is difficult when the ground is uneven; seeding too deep or too shallow can affect seed germination and seedling growth. Furthermore, seeding accuracy is low, making it impossible to consistently plant a roughly consistent number of alfalfa seeds in each hole. Inconsistent seeding amounts result in seed waste and uneven plant growth, impacting overall alfalfa yield and quality.

[0003] In recent years, the use of plant growth regulators (PGRs) to manipulate alfalfa growth and increase seed yield has become a new research focus. These chemicals can modulate the production and distribution of plant hormones, thereby altering the plant's physiological state and growth pattern, opening up new avenues for improving crop yield and quality. Different PGRs have shown varying effectiveness in increasing seed yield in alfalfa. Some directly increase seed yield by promoting flower bud formation, increasing inflorescence number, or improving fruit set efficiency; others may indirectly increase yield by improving plant nutritional status, enhancing stress tolerance, or prolonging growth time. In alfalfa seed production, excessive plant growth and lodging are common due to irrigation or rainfall. Controlling plant height with PGRs is an effective measure to reduce lodging. However, current research has shown that the effects of different PGRs, such as paclobutrazol, chlormequat chloride, and trinexapac-ethyl, vary. Furthermore, the use of PGRs to increase flower and fruit set rates is extremely limited in production. Therefore, making full use of growth regulators and increasing alfalfa seed yield is crucial to optimizing alfalfa planting management and increasing economic benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for increasing the yield of alfalfa seeds by utilizing a growth regulator.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solution: a method for increasing the yield of alfalfa seeds by using a growth regulator, comprising the following steps: (1) selecting a seed field production area; (2) selecting a plot; (3) pre-sowing soil treatment; (4) sowing; (5) field management; (6) harvesting and drying; in step (5), uniformly spraying a sodium nitrophenolate solution at a dosage of 200 L / hm2 during the bud formation period. 2 The mass concentration of sodium nitrophenolate solution is 5.0-6.0 ppm.

[0006] Furthermore, the step (1) selects a seed field production area, specifically: temperature conditions: not less than 10°C, accumulated temperature above 1700°C, and a frost-free period of more than 120 days throughout the year; water conditions: annual precipitation not higher than 350 mm; when annual precipitation is lower than 280 mm, irrigation conditions are available; soil conditions: neutral or slightly alkaline loam, and the soil pH range is: 7.0<pH<8.5.

[0007] Furthermore, the plot selection in step (2) is as follows: if there are other plants that can naturally hybridize with alfalfa near the seed field, the seed field must be kept at a spatial distance of more than 1000 m from them; if the previous crop is other alfalfa varieties, crop rotation is required to ensure that there is no alfalfa root stubble in the field.

[0008] Furthermore, the step (3) of soil pretreatment before sowing is as follows: 10 days before sowing, weeds are removed with a lethal herbicide and debris is cleared; 15,000 kg / hm2 of decomposed farmyard manure is spread. 2 ~22500 kg / hm 2 ; Deep plowing, the plowing depth is 30 to 35 cm, and harrowing is done after plowing to make the surface flat, free of weeds and roots, and with a uniform and loose texture; and compacting is done; harrowing and compacting ensure that the soil layer is loose on the top and solid on the bottom.

[0009] Furthermore, the step (4) sowing is specifically as follows: sowing in autumn, using a hole sowing machine to sow in wide and narrow rows, with a wide row spacing of 110 cm, a narrow row spacing of 70 cm, and a plant spacing of 15 cm, to ensure that the planting density of alfalfa plants in the seed field is 7.5×10 4 Plant / hm 2 ; hole sowing rate 0.8 kg / hm 2 ~1.0 kg / hm 2 , 2 to 3 seeds per hole; sowing depth is 1cm to 1.5 cm.

[0010] Furthermore, the hole seeding machine includes a frame, walking wheels, a covering plate, a feeding pipe, a funnel, a hole opener, a hydraulic rod, a height sensor and a feeding assembly; a hole opener is provided at the bottom of the frame, one side of the hole opener is fixedly connected to the hydraulic rod, the hole opener is fixed to the frame through the hydraulic rod, a height sensor is installed on the top of the frame near the hole opener, walking wheels are installed on both sides of the frame, and the rear of the frame is fixedly connected to the covering plate; The top of the frame is provided with a feeding pipe, the top of the feeding pipe is fixedly connected to the funnel, and the feeding assembly is provided between the feeding pipe and the hole opener, and the feeding assembly includes two discharge rings, and the two discharge rings are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the frame, and a plurality of metering grooves are opened around the discharge ring, and the plurality of metering grooves are evenly distributed around the axis of the discharge ring. The output end of the feed pipe slides against the outer ring wall of the discharge ring. During the rotation of the discharge ring, when the metering groove rotates below the output end of the feed pipe, the metering groove is connected with the output end of the feed pipe; the inner ring wall of the discharge ring is provided with a plurality of arc seats, and the plurality of arc seats are evenly distributed around the axis of the discharge ring, and the outer arc wall of the arc seat is fixedly connected to a supporting roller, and a connecting window is opened at the bottom of the inner cavity of the metering trough for convenient passage of the supporting roller, and one end of the supporting roller away from the arc seat extends into the metering trough through the connecting window, and one end of the supporting roller inside the metering trough is fixedly connected with a moving platform, and the moving platform is slidably connected with the inner wall of the metering trough around.

[0011] Furthermore, assembly chambers are provided on both sides of the arc seat, and the assembly chambers on both sides are symmetrically distributed along the axis of the arc seat. Communication holes are provided on both sides of the arc seat, and the communication holes are connected to the assembly chambers. An arc rod is placed in the assembly chamber, and the surface of the arc rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the communication hole. Both ends of the arc rod are fixedly connected with limit seats to prevent the arc rod from detaching from the assembly chamber. One end of the arc rod inside the assembly chamber is sequentially sleeved with a positioning cylinder and a return spring. One end of the return spring is in contact with the limit seat, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to one end of the positioning cylinder. The other end of the positioning cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the assembly chamber, and the two adjacent limit seats extending outside the assembly chamber are fixedly connected; the inner arc wall of the arc seat is fixedly connected to a trigger seat.

[0012] Furthermore, an arc-shaped groove is provided on the side of the trigger seat close to the axis of the discharge ring, and a driving roller is sleeved inside the discharge ring, and the driving roller coincides with the axis of the discharge ring. One end of the driving roller is fixedly connected to the output end of the built-in driving motor of the frame, and a plurality of Tai Chi plates are sleeved and fixedly connected to the surface of the driving roller, and the plurality of Tai Chi plates are evenly distributed around the axis of the driving roller. The side of the Tai Chi plate away from the driving roller contacts the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove, and the Tai Chi plate is slidably connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the arc-shaped groove, and the Tai Chi plate itself is divided into a long axis end and a short axis end.

[0013] Furthermore, the field management in step (5) further includes: weed control: weed once when the alfalfa plant height is 8 cm to 10 cm during the seedling stage; weed again when the plant height is 15 cm to 20 cm; for broadleaf weeds at the 2 to 4 leaf stage, imidacloprid is used at a dosage of 50 mL / 667 m 2 ~60 mL / 667 m 2 Gramineous weeds were treated with Gaicaoneng at a dosage of 30 mL / 667 m 2 ~45 mL / 667 m 2 ; Also includes fertilization and irrigation: potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer 150 kg / hm2 at sowing time 2 ~225 kg / hm 2 After the second year of planting, spray boron fertilizer 15 kg / hm2 from the budding stage to the early flowering stage 2 ~22.5 kg / hm 2 Irrigate once during the budding to flowering period, with an irrigation volume of 150-225 m 3 / hm 2 .

[0014] Furthermore, the step (6) of harvesting and drying is specifically as follows: the seeds are not harvested in the year of planting; the seeds are harvested when 75% of the pods turn yellow-brown; the seeds are naturally air-dried or mechanically dried until the moisture content of the seeds is below 12%.

[0015] Advantages of the present invention: (1) Through wide and narrow row hole sowing, the sowing density of alfalfa seed field was strictly controlled and the sowing density was controlled at 7.5×10 4 Plant / hm 2 The actual and theoretical seed yields were significantly higher than those at other sowing densities.

[0016] (2) Innovatively combining the best plant growth regulators to effectively increase alfalfa seed yield.

[0017] (3) The present invention is based on a special alfalfa seed hole sowing machine, which achieves seed yield increase through precise control and dynamic adaptation. Before planting, the device is inspected and debugged, and the height sensor and metering component are calibrated to ensure that the drilling depth is precisely adjustable and the metering tank volume is sensitively adjusted. The drive motor drives the Tai Chi plate to rotate, and the trigger seat is pushed through the long axis end to expand the arc seat outward. The support roller drives the mobile platform to rise and compress the metering tank volume, accurately controlling the amount of seed released in a single hole; the height sensor monitors the terrain in real time, and the hydraulic rod is linked to adjust the punch to ensure consistent sowing depth under different terrains, effectively improving the yield and quality of alfalfa seeds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a comparison chart of the actual yield of alfalfa seeds under different planting densities; Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of alfalfa seed yield per plant under different planting densities; Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of theoretical yield of alfalfa seeds under different planting densities; Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of the theoretical yield of alfalfa seeds under different plant growth regulators; Figure 5 This is a comparison chart of the actual yield of alfalfa seeds under different plant growth regulators; Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the pod-forming condition of alfalfa grown according to the method of Example 1 but without the application of sodium nitrophenolate; Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the pod formation of alfalfa after sodium nitrophenolate was applied according to the method of Example 1; Figure 8 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a seed drill according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 2. It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a seed drill according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 2. It is a schematic structural diagram of a blanking assembly proposed according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 2. It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a discharge ring according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of multiple parts proposed according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a second-view structure of multiple parts exploded according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of a discharge ring according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 2. It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the mobile platform and the arc-shaped seat proposed according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 2. It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the Tai Chi plate and the arc seat according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of multiple Tai Chi plates and drive rollers proposed according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] In the picture: 1. Frame; 101. Travel wheel; 102. Covering plate; 2. Mixing funnel; 201. Feed pipe; 202. Furrow opener; 203. Hydraulic rod; 204. Height sensor; 3. Unloading assembly; 301. Discharging ring; 302. Measuring trough; 303. Arc seat; 304. Support roller; 305. Moving platform; 306. Connecting window; 307. Assembly chamber; 308. Connecting hole; 309. Arc rod; 310. Limit seat; 311. Return spring; 312. Positioning cylinder; 313. Trigger seat; 314. Arc slot; 315. Tai Chi plate; 316. Short axis end; 317. Long axis end; 318. Driving roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1: A method for increasing alfalfa seed yield using a growth regulator, comprising the following steps: (1) selecting a seed field production area; (2) selecting a plot; (3) pre-sowing soil treatment; (4) sowing; (5) field management; (6) harvesting and drying; (1) Select the seed field production area: Temperature conditions: ≥10 ℃, accumulated temperature above 1700 ℃, and frost-free period of more than 120 days per year; Water conditions: Annual precipitation ≤ 350 mm; if it is less than 280 mm, irrigation conditions should be available; Soil conditions: Neutral or slightly alkaline, loam with a pH of 7.0 < 8.5 is preferred.

[0023] (2) Select a plot of land: Select plots with open terrain, good ventilation, ample sunlight, flat land, deep soil, moderate fertility, convenient irrigation and drainage, and easy isolation. If the seed field is near other plants that are prone to natural hybridization with alfalfa, the seed field should be at least 1000 m away from them. If the previous crop is another alfalfa variety, rotate the crop to ensure there is no alfalfa root stubble in the field.

[0024] (3) Soil pretreatment before sowing: 10 days before sowing, use a lethal herbicide (such as glyphosate) to remove weeds and clear away stones and other debris. Spread decomposed farmyard manure at 15,000 kg / hm2. 2 ~22500 kg / hm 2 Deep plowing is performed with a tillage depth of 30 to 35 cm. After plowing, harrow the soil to make the surface smooth, free of weeds and roots, and with a uniform and loose texture. Harrow and compact the soil to ensure that the upper soil layer is loose and the lower soil layer is solid.

[0025] (4) Sowing: Sowing is done in autumn, usually from late July to early August. Sowing is done using a hole sowing machine in a wide-narrow row method. The wide row spacing is 110 cm, the narrow row spacing is 70 cm, and the plant spacing is 15 cm. The planting density of alfalfa plants in the seed field is ensured to be 7.5×10 4 Plant / hm 2 Seeding rate: hole sowing rate 0.8 kg / hm 2 ~1.0 kg / hm 2 , 2 to 3 seeds per hole. The sowing depth should be 1 cm to 1.5 cm, cover with soil shallowly, and press down after sowing.

[0026] (5) Field management: Application of growth regulator: Use 0.7% sodium nitrophenolate, prepare 0.83 mL / L sodium nitrophenolate solution, the mass concentration of sodium nitrophenolate solution is 5.8 ppm. The dosage is 200 L / hm 2 , spray evenly during the bud formation period.

[0027] Weed control: Weed during the alfalfa seedling stage when the plant height is 8 cm to 10 cm. When broadleaf weeds are 2 to 4 leaves, use imazethapyr (active ingredient 10%) at a rate of 50 mL / 667 m 2 ~60 mL / 667 m 2 For grass weeds, use 108 g / L EC at a dosage of 30 mL / 667 m 2 ~45 mL / 667 m 2 When the plant height is 15 cm to 20 cm, weed and weed once.

[0028] Fertilization and irrigation: Apply potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150 kg / hm2 at sowing time 2 ~225 kg / hm 2 After the second year of planting, topdressing should be carried out according to the soil fertility. Boron fertilizer 15 kg / hm2 should be sprayed from the budding stage to the early flowering stage. 2 ~22.5 kg / hm 2 Irrigate once during the budding to flowering period, with an irrigation volume of 150-225 m 3 / hm 2 .

[0029] (6) Harvesting and drying: Seeds are not harvested in the year of planting. Harvest when 75% of the pods have turned yellow-brown. Allow the seeds to air dry until the moisture content is below 12%.

[0030] Seed moisture content refers to the percentage of the mass of water contained in the seed to the mass of the seed. It is usually calculated by subtracting the mass of the seed after drying from the mass of the seed before drying, divided by the mass of the seed before drying, and multiplied by 100%.

[0031] The hole seeding machine used in this embodiment includes a frame 1, walking wheels 101, a covering plate 102, a feed pipe 201, a funnel 2, a hole opener 202, a hydraulic rod 203, a height sensor 204 and a blanking assembly 3; a hole opener 202 is provided at the bottom of the frame 1, and a hydraulic rod 203 is fixedly connected to one side of the hole opener 202. The hole opener 202 is fixed to the frame 1 through the hydraulic rod 203, and a height sensor 204 is installed on the side of the top of the frame 1 close to the hole opener 202. Walking wheels 101 are installed on both sides of the frame 1, and a covering plate 102 is fixedly connected to the tail of the frame 1; in this embodiment, the distance between the two hole openers 202 is 70 cm, and the drilling depth is controlled at 1 cm to 1.5 cm.

[0032] A feeding pipe 201 is provided on the top of the frame 1, and a funnel 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the feeding pipe 201. A blanking assembly 3 is provided between the feeding pipe 201 and the hole opener 202. The blanking assembly 3 includes two discharge rings 301, and the two discharge rings 301 are respectively provided on both sides of the top of the frame 1. A plurality of metering grooves 302 are provided around the discharge ring 301. The plurality of metering grooves 302 are evenly distributed around the axis of the discharge ring. The output end of the feed pipe 201 slides and abuts against the outer ring wall of the discharge ring 301. During the rotation of the discharge ring 301, when the metering groove 302 rotates to the bottom of the output end of the feed pipe 201, the metering groove 302 is connected with the output end of the feed pipe 201, and the feeding of the metering groove 302 is completed. The rotation speed of the material ring 301 and the walking speed of the hole-seeding seeder ensure that each metering trough 302 corresponds to a sowing hole when the material is discharged; the inner ring wall of the discharge ring 301 is provided with multiple arc seats 303, and the multiple arc seats 303 are evenly distributed around the axis of the discharge ring 301. The outer arc wall of the arc seat 303 is fixedly connected to the support roller 304, and a connecting window 306 is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the metering trough 302 for the support roller 304 to pass through. The end of the support roller 304 away from the arc seat 303 passes through the connecting window 306 and extends into the metering trough 302. One end of the support roller 304 inside the metering trough 302 is fixedly connected to a movable platform 305, and the movable platform 305 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the metering trough 302 on all sides.

[0033] The arc seat 303 has assembly chambers 307 on both sides, and the assembly chambers 307 on both sides are symmetrically distributed along the axis of the arc seat 303. The arc seat 303 has connecting holes 308 on both sides, and the connecting holes 308 are connected to the assembly chamber 307. The assembly chamber 307 has an arc rod 309 built in. The surface of the arc rod 309 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting hole 308; the two ends of the arc rod 309 are fixedly connected to the limit seat 310 to prevent itself from being separated from the assembly chamber 307. One end of the rod 309 inside the assembly chamber 307 is sequentially sleeved with a positioning cylinder 312 and a return spring 311, one end of the return spring 311 is in contact with the limit seat 310, and the other end of the return spring 311 is fixedly connected to one end of the positioning cylinder 312, and the other end of the positioning cylinder 312 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the assembly chamber 307, and the two adjacent limit seats 310 extending outside the assembly chamber 307 are fixedly connected; the inner arc wall of the arc seat 303 is fixedly connected to the trigger seat 313.

[0034] An arc-shaped groove 314 is provided on the side of the trigger seat 313 close to the axis of the discharge ring 301, and a driving roller 318 is sleeved inside the discharge ring 301. The driving roller 318 coincides with the axis of the discharge ring 301, and one end of the driving roller 318 is fixedly connected to the output end of the built-in driving motor of the frame 1. A plurality of Tai Chi plates 315 are sleeved and fixedly connected to the surface of the driving roller 318. The plurality of Tai Chi plates 315 are evenly distributed around the axis of the driving roller 318. The side of the Tai Chi plate 315 away from the driving roller 318 contacts the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove 314, and the Tai Chi plate 315 is slidably connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the arc-shaped groove 314. The Tai Chi plate 315 itself is divided into a long axis end and a short axis end.

[0035] The frame 1 serves as the main support, with wheels 101 on either side supporting its movement through the field. A hopper 2 at the top of the frame 1 is connected to a discharge ring 301 via a feed pipe 201, used for seed storage and discharging. The discharge ring 301 is surrounded by a metering trough 302, which is responsible for quantitative seed delivery. A hole opener 202 is connected to the bottom of the frame 1 via a hydraulic rod 203. A height sensor 204, in conjunction with the control system, adjusts the seed hole depth according to the terrain. A cover plate 102 at the rear of the frame 1 completes the post-sowing covering operation. The control system comprises a drive motor, a height sensor 204, and a hydraulic rod 203. The drive motor drives the core components of the discharging assembly 3. The height sensor 204 monitors the terrain in real time and, in conjunction with the hydraulic rod 203, adjusts the height of the hole opener 202.

[0036] Before planting alfalfa, the various components of the alfalfa hole seeding machine are inspected. The volume adjustment components of the metering tank 302 in the blanking assembly 3 are debugged. The built-in drive motor of the frame 1 is started to observe whether the drive roller 318 drives the Tai Chi plate 315 to rotate smoothly. Through the cooperation between the Tai Chi plate 315 and the trigger seat 313, the volume of the metering tank 302 is tested to ensure flexible adjustment according to demand and accurate measurement. In addition, the height sensor 204 is calibrated to enable it to accurately monitor changes in ground height and promptly feedback the signal to the control system, ensuring that the hydraulic rod 203 accurately adjusts the height of the furrow opener 202 based on the signal.

[0037] Add alfalfa seeds into the funnel 2 at the top of the device, and then fill the feed pipe 201 with seeds. When the discharge ring 301 rotates until the outlet of the feed pipe 201 is connected to the metering tank 302, the seeds enter the corresponding metering tank 302. At this time, the metering tank 302 is in the initial state. Under the action of the reset spring 311, the multiple arc seats 303 are close to each other, and the support roller 304 drives the movable platform 305 to the lowest point of the inner cavity of the metering tank 302. The volume of the metering tank 302 reaches the maximum, thereby accommodating more seeds and making full preparations for subsequent sowing. The volume of the metering tank 302 can be adjusted according to the number of seeds pre-placed in each sowing hole. In this embodiment, the maximum volume of the metering tank 302 is about 10mm 3 To meet the requirement of 2-3 seeds per sowing hole in this embodiment, the volume of the metering groove 302 is adjusted to about 4mm 3 The specific method for adjusting the volume of the metering tank 302 is as follows: Initial state: The return spring 311 is in a compressed state, with one end connected to the arc rod 309 via the limit seat 310 and the other end fixedly connected to the end of the positioning cylinder 312. This spring force drives the multiple arc seats 303 closer to each other. The support roller 304 fixed to the outer arc wall of the arc seat 303 passes through the connecting window 306 at the bottom of the metering tank 302, driving the movable platform 305 to the lowest position in the inner cavity of the metering tank 302. At this time, the volume of the metering tank 302 is maximized and can accommodate more seeds. The connecting holes 308 on both sides of the arc seat 303 are connected to the assembly chamber 307, providing a channel for the sliding of the arc rod 309 and ensuring that the arc seat 303 moves stably under the action of the spring force.

[0038] Adjusting the trigger: After the drive motor is activated, the drive roller 318 rotates, driving the Tai Chi plate 315, which is mounted on the surface, to rotate synchronously. Tai Chi plate 315 is an eccentric structure with a short axis end 316 and a long axis end 317. Initially, the short axis end 316 contacts the bottom of the arcuate slot 314 of the trigger seat 313. As it rotates, the long axis end 317 gradually contacts the bottom of the arcuate slot 314, generating an outward thrust on the trigger seat 313.

[0039] Volume Compression: The trigger seat 313 is fixedly connected to the arc seat 303. The thrust forces the arc seat 303 to overcome the force of the return spring 311 and move away from the drive roller 318. The support roller 304 on the outer arc wall of the arc seat 303 passes through the communication window 306 at the bottom of the metering tank 302, pushing the movable platform 305 to slide upward along the inner wall of the metering tank 302, compressing the internal space and reducing the volume of the metering tank 302.

[0040] Quantitative Control: By controlling the rotation angle of the drive motor, i.e., adjusting the rotation amplitude of the Tai Chi plate 315, the height of the movable platform 305 can be precisely adjusted, thereby controlling the volume of the metering tank 302. The smaller the volume, the fewer seeds can be placed in a single hole; conversely, the more seeds can be placed.

[0041] In order to address the problem of uneven seeding hole depth caused by undulating field ground, the device forms a closed-loop feedback through "height sensor 204, control system, and hydraulic rod 203": the height sensor 204 monitors the vertical distance between the bottom of the frame 1 and the ground in real time, and converts the terrain undulation signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the control system; the control system calculates the length to which the hydraulic rod 203 needs to be extended / shortened based on the preset target seeding hole depth, and sends instructions to the hydraulic rod 203; the hydraulic rod 203 adjusts the height of the hole opener 202 by extension and contraction. When the ground rises, the hydraulic rod 203 shortens to move the hole opener 202 upward to avoid excessive deep plowing; when the ground drops, the hydraulic rod 203 extends to move the hole opener 202 downward to ensure a stable hole depth.

[0042] 1. Comparative test of alfalfa seed yield under different planting densities 1. Test materials and methods 1.1 Natural Overview of the Experimental Area The experimental site is located in Zhoujiadi Village, Aohan Banner, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, at 42°44′–42°45′N, 119°54′–119°55′E. The average annual temperature ranges from 4.9°C to 5.7°C, with an annual accumulated temperature of 2700–3200°C. The frost-free period is 130–150 days, with annual precipitation ranging from 370–405 mm, annual evaporation from 2000–2600 mm, and sunshine duration from 2800–3000 h. The soil in the experimental area is aeolian sandy soil with fine particles, a loose structure, and low surface moisture content.

[0043] 1.2 Test materials Alfalfa seeds were Zhongcao No. 13 alfalfa, provided by the Grassland Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Imidazole (active ingredient 10%) Source: Jiangsu Ruibang Agrochemical Co., Ltd. Source of Gaicaoneng (108 g / L emulsifiable concentrate): Jiangsu Zhongqi Technology Co., Ltd.

[0044] 1.3 Experimental Design Alfalfa was mechanically sown in late July 2022, and sampling and measurement were conducted in July and August 2023. Each experimental plot followed the method of Example 1, except that no plant growth regulators were applied; row spacing, plant spacing, and sowing density were determined according to Table 1. All experimental plots used wide-narrow row patterns, with three replicates per treatment. A total of 18 plots were constructed, each measuring 12 m × 30 m and spaced 2 m apart.

[0045] Table 1: Field spacing design

[0046] 1.4 Field measurement items and methods Actual yield: Select a neat and consistent area for harvesting, generally not less than 10 m 2 After harvesting, the grains are dried, threshed, cleaned and impurities removed.

[0047] Yield per unit area = seed weight (kg) / harvested area (hectares) Total yield = yield per unit area × total planted area Single plant seed yield: Randomly select a number of alfalfa plants (no less than 30 plants). Harvest, dry, thresh, and clean each sample plant individually.

[0048] Seed yield per plant = ∑ seed weight per plant / number of sample plants Theoretical yield: Theoretical yield = number of plants per unit area × seed yield per plant Effective branches: Randomly select a number of alfalfa plants (no less than 30). Observe and count the number of effective branches on each plant. Effective branches = ∑ Number of effective branches per plant / Number of plants sampled.

[0049] Secondary reproductive branches: Randomly select a number of alfalfa plants (at least 30). Observe and count the number of secondary reproductive branches that arise from the primary reproductive branches on each plant. Secondary reproductive branches = ∑ Number of secondary reproductive branches arising from the primary reproductive branches on each plant / Number of plants sampled.

[0050] Number of inflorescences per branch: Randomly select a number of branches (no less than 30). Observe and count the number of inflorescences on each branch. Number of inflorescences per branch = ∑ Number of inflorescences per branch / Number of branches sampled.

[0051] Cluster length: Randomly select a number of clusters (no less than 30). Use a vernier caliper to measure the length of each cluster. Cluster length = ∑ cluster length / number of clusters sampled.

[0052] Number of pods per ear: Randomly select several ears (no less than 30). Observe and count the number of pods on each ear. Number of pods per ear = ∑ Number of pods per ear / Number of ear samples.

[0053] Number of seeds per ear: Randomly select a number of ears (no less than 30). Remove all seeds from each ear and count the number of seeds. Number of seeds per ear = ∑Number of seeds per ear / Number of ears sampled.

[0054] Seed weight per ear: Randomly select a number of ears (no less than 30). Weigh the seeds in each ear individually. Seed weight per ear = ∑ Seed weight per ear / Number of ears sampled.

[0055] Number of curls per pod: Randomly select a number of pods (at least 30). Observe and count the number of curls per pod. Number of curls per pod = ∑ Number of curls per pod / Number of pods sampled.

[0056] Pod spiral diameter: Randomly select a number of pods (at least 30). Use a vernier caliper to measure the diameter of each pod spiral. Pod spiral diameter = ∑ Diameter of each pod spiral / Number of pods sampled.

[0057] Number of seeds per pod: Randomly select a number of pods (at least 30). Remove all seeds from each pod and count the number of seeds. Number of seeds per pod = ∑ Number of seeds per pod / Number of pods sampled.

[0058] Seed weight per pod: Randomly select a number of pods (no less than 30). Weigh the seeds in each pod individually. Seed weight per pod = ∑ Seed weight per pod / Number of pods sampled.

[0059] Seed length: Randomly select a number of seeds (at least 30 seeds). Use a vernier caliper to measure the length of each seed. Seed length = ∑ length of each seed / number of seeds sampled.

[0060] Seed width: Randomly select a number of seeds (at least 30 seeds). Use a vernier caliper to measure the width of each seed. Seed width = ∑ width of each seed / number of seeds sampled.

[0061] 2. Test results and analysis (1) Alfalfa seed yield under different planting densities Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that the actual yield of alfalfa at different planting densities is in the order of D2>D1>D3>D4>D5>D6; the actual yield of seeds planted at densities D1 and D2 is significantly higher than that at other densities, which are 518.55 kg·hm2 and 518.55 kg·hm2, respectively. -2 、589.65 kg·hm -2 . Figure 1 Different lowercase letters at the top of the bars indicate significant differences among treatments (P < 0.05).

[0062] Depend on Figure 2 The results showed that the seed yield per plant of alfalfa planted at different densities was in the order of D2 > D3 > D4 > D5 > D6 > D1; the seed yield per plant planted at densities D2 and D3 was significantly higher than that at other densities, which were 10.39 g and 9.60 g, respectively. Figure 2 Different lowercase letters at the top of the bars indicate significant differences among treatments (P < 0.05).

[0063] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the order of seed yield per plant of alfalfa planted at different densities is D2 > D1 > D3 > D4 > D5 > D6; among them, the theoretical seed yield of the planting density of D1 and D2 is significantly higher than that of other densities, which are 703.5 kg / hm2 and 703.5 kg / hm2 respectively. 2 , 780 kg / hm 2 . Figure 3 Different lowercase letters at the top of the bars indicate significant differences among treatments (P < 0.05).

[0064] The above results show that as planting density decreases, actual yield, seed yield per plant, and theoretical yield reach their highest levels at density D2 and then gradually decline. Alfalfa planted at density D2 exhibits the best actual yield, seed yield per plant, and theoretical yield. While actual yield at density D1 is significantly higher than at other densities except D2, yield per plant is the lowest. Therefore, D2 is the most economically suitable planting density.

[0065] (2) Analysis of seed yield components at different planting densities Analysis of variance was performed on the components of seed yield across different planting treatments. Table 2 shows that the seed weight per ear in the D2 treatment was the highest among all treatments, at 0.0584 g. The number of effective branches, secondary reproductive branches, pods per ear, and seeds per ear in the D3 treatment were the highest among all treatments, at 69.60, 306.80, 7.914, and 22.87, respectively. The number of inflorescences per branch and seed length in the D4 treatment were the highest among all treatments, at 21.28 and 2.414, respectively. The number of inflorescences per branch and seed length in the D2 treatment were significantly higher than those in the other treatments. The ear length in the D5 treatment was significantly higher than in the other treatments, at 13.18 mm, and the number of curled pods per ear was also higher than in the other treatments, at 1.89. The pod spiral diameter, number of seeds per pod, seed weight per pod and seed width of treatment D6 were the highest among all treatments, which were 5.09 mm, 4.33, 0.01078 g, 2.414 mm and 1.428 mm, respectively. The seed weight per pod was significantly higher than that of other treatments.

[0066] Table 2: Components of alfalfa seed yield at different planting densities

[0067] Note: Different lowercase letters in the same row indicate significant differences among treatments (P<0.05). (3) Conclusion 7.5 × 10 4 Plant / hm 2 Planting alfalfa with a row spacing of 110 cm / 70 cm, and a row spacing of 15 cm, achieved the highest actual yield and yield per plant. Reducing density significantly increased rising ear length, number of pods per ear, number of curls per pod, pod spiral diameter, seed weight per pod, and seed length, while having limited effects on effective branching, secondary reproductive branches, number of inflorescences per branch, number of seeds per ear, number of seeds per pod, and seed width.

[0068] 2. Comparative test on the effects of different plant growth regulators on alfalfa seed yield 1. Test materials and methods 1.1 Natural Overview of the Experimental Area The experimental site is located at the Sharqin Key Field Scientific Observation and Experimental Station for Forage Resources, approximately 30 km southwest of Hohhot City in Sharqin Township, Tumd Left Banner (111°45′ E, 40°36′ N, 1063.2 m above sea level). The average annual temperature is 5.6°C, and the average annual precipitation is approximately 400 mm, indicating a semi-arid continental climate. The soil is sandy loam with a total nitrogen content of 1.38 g / kg, a total phosphorus content of 0.61 g / kg, and a total potassium content of 13.61 g / kg. The pH range is 6.2-7.0, and the water-soluble salt content is 0.48 g / kg, indicating non-salinized soil.

[0069] 1.2 Test materials Alfalfa seeds were Zhongcao No. 13 alfalfa, provided by the Grassland Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Imidazole (active ingredient 10%) Source: purchased from Jiangsu Ruibang Agrochemical Co., Ltd. Source of Gaicaoneng (108 g / L EC): purchased from Jiangsu Zhongqi Technology Co., Ltd. The source of 0.7% sodium nitrophenolate was purchased from Shandong Luobang Biological Pesticide Co., Ltd. The source of 2% benzylaminopurine was purchased from Zhengzhou Xianlida Chemical Co., Ltd. The source of 5% prohexadione calcium was purchased from Hebi Quanfeng Technology Co., Ltd. The source of 10% mepiquat was purchased from Sichuan Runer Technology Co., Ltd. Source of 50% chlormequat: purchased from Sichuan Runer Technology Co., Ltd. Source of 25% paclobutrazol: purchased from Chongqing Yiershuangfeng Technology Co., Ltd.

[0070] 1.3 Experimental design Alfalfa was sown in early August 2023, and sampling and measurement were carried out in July-August 2024.

[0071] Plant growth regulators: 2% benzylaminopurine (A1), 0.7% sodium nitrophenolate (A2), 5% calcium procyclate (B1), 10% mepiquat-chloride (B2), 50% chlormequat chloride (B3), and 25% paclobutrazol (B4).

[0072] A single-factor randomized block design was used with 13 treatments: control (CK): distilled water; single application: A1, A2, B1, B2, B3, B4; combined application: A1B1, A1B2, A1B3, A2B1, A2B2, A2B4. Each treatment had three replicates, resulting in 39 plots totaling 5.8 m × 4.4 m. The application schedule and rate for each treatment are shown in Table 3. Other experimental procedures were the same as those in Example 1.

[0073] Table 3: Main effects and application time of different plant growth regulators

[0074] 1.4 Field measurement items and methods The field measurement items and methods are the same as those in Section 1.4 of the “Comparative Experiment on Alfalfa Seed Yield under Different Planting Densities”.

[0075] 2. Test results and analysis (1) Alfalfa seed yield under different growth regulators Theoretical yield variance analysis shows that Figure 4 Among the treatments, only the yield of group A2 was significantly higher than that of CK (P < 0.05). The yield of group A2 was the highest (57.74 kg / mu), which was significantly higher than that of groups CK, B1, B2, B3, B4, A1B1, A1B3, A2B1 and A2B4 (P < 0.05). The field photos of the experimental blocks of groups CK and A2 on August 1, 2024 are shown in the table. Figure 6 、 Figure 7 The results show that the number of inflorescences and seed yield of group A2 were significantly higher than those of group CK. The yield of group B1 was the lowest (17.06 kg / mu), which was not significantly different from that of group CK. Figure 4 Different lowercase letters at the top of the bars indicate significant differences among treatments (P < 0.05).

[0076] The actual seed yield results show that Figure 5The actual seed yields of groups A2, B2, A1B3 and A2B2 were significantly higher than those of group CK (P < 0.05), and the actual seed yield of group A2 was significantly higher than that of group A2B1. Figure 5 Different lowercase letters at the top of the bars indicate significant differences among treatments (P < 0.05).

[0077] (2) Analysis of seed yield components of different plant growth regulators The components of alfalfa seed yield under different plant growth regulators are shown in Tables 4 and 5. The number of pod seeds in groups A2 and B3 was significantly higher than that in group CK (P < 0.05), and the number of pod curls in group B3 was significantly higher than that in group CK (P < 0.05). The number of seeds in the ear in groups B2, B4, and A1B1 was significantly lower than that in group CK (P < 0.05). The number of branch inflorescences in groups A2 and B4 was significantly higher than that in group CK (P < 0.05). The number of seeds per gram in groups A1, B1, B2, B3, B4, and A2B4 was significantly lower than that in group CK (P < 0.05). The seed length in group A2B4 was significantly higher than that in group CK (P < 0.05). The ear length in groups A1B3 and A2B2 was significantly higher than that in group CK (P < 0.05), and the spiral diameter in group A1B3 was significantly higher than that in group CK (P < 0.05). The seed weight in group A2 was significantly higher than that in group CK The pod seed weight of groups A1, A2, B1 and B3 was significantly higher than that of group CK (P < 0.05); the seed weight per plant in groups A1, A2, B1 and B3 was significantly higher than that of group CK (P < 0.05); there was no significant difference in the seed weight per plant between the treatment groups and group CK, but A2 was significantly higher than that of groups B1, B2, B3 and A2B1 (P < 0.05); the 1000-grain weight of A1, B1 and B4 was significantly higher than that of group CK (P < 0.05); there was no significant difference in the number of pods in the ear, reproductive branches and seed width among the groups.

[0078] Table 4: Components of alfalfa seed yield after different plant growth regulators (single dose)

[0079] Note: Different lowercase letters in the same row indicate significant differences among treatments (P<0.05). Table 5: Components of alfalfa seed yield with different plant growth regulators (combinations)

[0080] Note: Different lowercase letters in the same row indicate significant differences among treatments (P<0.05). (3) Conclusion Spraying a plant growth regulator, sodium nitrophenolate at 5.8 ppm, during the bud formation stage significantly increased both the actual and theoretical yields of alfalfa seeds compared to other plant growth regulators. This plant growth regulator significantly increased alfalfa seed yield by increasing the number of inflorescences per branch, the number of seeds per pod, the seed weight per pod, and the seed weight per ear.

[0081] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for increasing alfalfa seed yield using a growth regulator, comprising the following steps: (1) selecting a seed field production area; (2) selecting a plot; (3) pre-sowing soil treatment; (4) sowing; (5) field management; (6) harvesting and drying; characterized in that: Step (5): spray sodium nitrophenolate solution evenly at the bud formation stage, with a dosage of 200 L / hm 2 The mass concentration of sodium nitrophenolate solution is 5.0-6.0 ppm.

2. The method for increasing alfalfa seed yield by using a growth regulator according to claim 1, wherein: The step (1) selects a seed field production area, specifically: temperature conditions: not less than 10°C, accumulated temperature above 1700°C, and a frost-free period of more than 120 days throughout the year; water conditions: annual precipitation not higher than 350 mm; when annual precipitation is lower than 280 mm, irrigation conditions are available; soil conditions: neutral or slightly alkaline loam, and the soil pH range is: 7.0<pH<8.

5.

3. The method for increasing alfalfa seed yield by using a growth regulator according to claim 1, wherein: The step (2) of selecting a plot of land is as follows: if there are other plants that naturally hybridize with alfalfa near the seed field, the seed field must be kept at a distance of more than 1000 m from them; if the previous crop is other alfalfa varieties, crop rotation is required to ensure that there is no alfalfa root stubble in the field.

4. The method for increasing alfalfa seed yield by using a growth regulator according to claim 1, wherein: The step (3) pre-sowing soil treatment is as follows: 10 days before sowing, use a lethal herbicide to remove weeds and debris; spread 15,000 kg / hm2 of decomposed farmyard manure; 2 ~22500 kg / hm 2 ; Deep plowing, the plowing depth is 30 to 35 cm, harrow after plowing to make the surface flat, free of weeds and roots, and with a uniform and loose texture; and suppress it.

5. The method for increasing alfalfa seed yield by using a growth regulator according to claim 1, wherein: The step (4) sowing is specifically as follows: sowing in autumn, using a hole sowing machine to sow in wide and narrow rows, with a wide row spacing of 110 cm, a narrow row spacing of 70 cm, and a plant spacing of 15 cm, to ensure that the planting density of alfalfa plants in the seed field is 7.5×10 4 Plant / hm 2 ; hole sowing rate 0.8 kg / hm 2 ~1.0 kg / hm 2 , 2 to 3 seeds per hole; sowing depth is 1 cm to 1.5 cm.

6. The method for increasing alfalfa seed yield by using a growth regulator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hole seeding machine includes a frame, walking wheels, a covering plate, a feeding pipe, a funnel, a hole opener, a hydraulic rod, a height sensor and a feeding assembly; a hole opener is provided at the bottom of the frame, one side of the hole opener is fixedly connected to the hydraulic rod, the hole opener is fixed to the frame through the hydraulic rod, a height sensor is installed on the top of the frame near the hole opener, walking wheels are installed on both sides of the frame, and the rear of the frame is fixedly connected to the covering plate; The top of the frame is provided with a feeding pipe, the top of the feeding pipe is fixedly connected to the funnel, and the feeding assembly is provided between the feeding pipe and the hole opener, and the feeding assembly includes two discharge rings, and the two discharge rings are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the frame, and a plurality of metering grooves are opened around the discharge ring, and the plurality of metering grooves are evenly distributed around the axis of the discharge ring. The output end of the feed pipe slides against the outer ring wall of the discharge ring. During the rotation of the discharge ring, when the metering groove rotates below the output end of the feed pipe, the metering groove is connected with the output end of the feed pipe; the inner ring wall of the discharge ring is provided with a plurality of arc seats, and the plurality of arc seats are evenly distributed around the axis of the discharge ring, and the outer arc wall of the arc seat is fixedly connected to a supporting roller, and a connecting window is opened at the bottom of the inner cavity of the metering trough for convenient passage of the supporting roller, and one end of the supporting roller away from the arc seat extends into the metering trough through the connecting window, and one end of the supporting roller inside the metering trough is fixedly connected with a moving platform, and the moving platform is slidably connected with the inner wall of the metering trough around.

7. The method for increasing alfalfa seed yield by using a growth regulator according to claim 6, characterized in that: Assembly chambers are provided on both sides of the arc seat, and the assembly chambers on both sides are symmetrically distributed along the axis of the arc seat. Communication holes are provided on both sides of the arc seat, and the communication holes are connected to the assembly chambers. An arc rod is placed in the assembly chamber, and the surface of the arc rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the communication hole. Both ends of the arc rod are fixedly connected with limit seats to prevent the arc rod from detaching from the assembly chamber. One end of the arc rod inside the assembly chamber is sequentially sleeved with a positioning cylinder and a return spring. One end of the return spring is in contact with the limit seat, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to one end of the positioning cylinder. The other end of the positioning cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the assembly chamber, and the two adjacent limit seats extending outside the assembly chamber are fixedly connected; the inner arc wall of the arc seat is fixedly connected to a trigger seat.

8. The method for increasing alfalfa seed yield by using a growth regulator according to claim 7, wherein: An arc-shaped groove is provided on the side of the trigger seat close to the axis of the discharge ring, and a driving roller is sleeved inside the discharge ring. The driving roller coincides with the axis of the discharge ring, and one end of the driving roller is fixedly connected to the output end of the built-in driving motor of the frame. A plurality of Tai Chi plates are sleeved and fixedly connected to the surface of the driving roller, and the plurality of Tai Chi plates are evenly distributed around the axis of the driving roller. The side of the Tai Chi plate away from the driving roller contacts the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove, and the Tai Chi plate is slidably connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the arc-shaped groove. The Tai Chi plate itself is divided into a long axis end and a short axis end.

9. The method for increasing alfalfa seed yield by using a growth regulator according to claim 1, wherein: The step (5) field management also includes: weed control: weed once when the alfalfa plant height is 8 cm to 10 cm during the seedling stage; weed again when the plant height is 15 cm to 20 cm; when the broadleaf weeds are in the 2 to 4 leaf stage, use imidacloprid at a dosage of 50 mL / 667m 2 ~60 mL / 667 m 2 Gramineous weeds were treated with Gaicaoneng at a dosage of 30 mL / 667 m 2 ~45 mL / 667 m 2 ; Also includes fertilization and irrigation: potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer 150 kg / hm2 at sowing time 2 ~225 kg / hm 2 After the second year of planting, spray boron fertilizer 15 kg / hm2 from the budding stage to the early flowering stage 2 ~22.5 kg / hm 2 Irrigate once during the budding to flowering period, with an irrigation volume of 150-225 m 3 / hm 2 .

10. The method for increasing alfalfa seed yield by using a growth regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step (6) of harvesting and drying is specifically as follows: no seeds are harvested in the year of planting; the seeds are harvested when 75% of the pods turn yellow-brown; the seeds are naturally air-dried or mechanically dried until the moisture content of the seeds is below 12%.

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