Breeding method for parent grouper

Abstract

The invention discloses a grouper parent fish rearing method which comprises the following steps: selecting parent fish, rearing the parent fish in a rearing pond, and feeding the parent fish with minced fish products as baits; the surimi product is mainly prepared from decapterus maruadsi and mackerel, and contains 5-15% by mass of a fermented product, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B1, L-carnitine and fish oil. A preparation method of the fermented product comprises the following steps: by taking herba taraxaci, leaves of ixora chinensis, herba violae and Hainan alder flower herb as raw materials, adding aspergillus oryzae into the raw materials for fermentation, and sterilizing to obtain the fermented product. According to the method, the reproductive performance of the grouper parent fish is remarkably improved, the fry quality is improved, and therefore the grouper culture benefits are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of grouper breeding, and in particular relates to a grouper broodstock breeding method. Background Art

[0002] Grouper is a marine fish of great economic value, renowned for its delicious, nutritious meat and widespread popularity among consumers. Broodstock cultivation is a critical step in grouper aquaculture. The quality and reproductive performance of broodstock directly impact the quantity and quality of seedlings, and thus the profitability of the entire aquaculture industry. Traditional grouper broodstock cultivation is suboptimal, hindering the development of the industry. For example, improperly controlled breeding environments and inappropriate feed formulations affect broodstock growth and gonadal development, thereby impacting reproductive performance and seedling quality. Natural reproduction is inefficient, necessitating the use of artificial hormone injections to promote ovulation and fertilization. This method, however, is not only complex but can also cause damage to the broodstock, impacting their health and subsequent reproductive capacity. Therefore, a more scientific, sophisticated, and efficient breeding method is needed to improve the reproductive performance of grouper broodstock, enhance seedling quality, and ultimately enhance the profitability of grouper aquaculture. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide a method for cultivating grouper broodstock, which improves the reproductive performance of grouper broodstock and the quality of seedlings by optimizing the breeding process, thereby improving the efficiency of grouper breeding.

[0004] Strong, 3-5-year-old grouper weighing over 2kg are selected as broodstock, ensuring their quality and reproductive potential from the source. The pond water temperature is precisely set at 26°C-28°C, the salinity at 26.0-31.0‰, and the pH at 7.9-8.3, providing a suitable environment for growth and gonadal development. Crucially, the present invention innovatively utilizes a homemade surimi as bait. This surimi is primarily composed of blue round scad and mackerel, supplemented with fermented products, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B1, L-carnitine, and fish oil. The fermented product is derived from equal quantities of herba tylerae, iris leaves, violet yedoensis, and Hainan white amaranth, fermented with Aspergillus oryzae. These improvements effectively address the challenges inherent in traditional breeding methods and significantly improve the reproductive performance of grouper broodstock.

[0005] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows: A method for cultivating grouper broodstock comprises the following steps: selecting broodstock, placing the broodstock in a cultivation pond for cultivation, and feeding the broodstock with surimi products as bait; Surimi products are mainly blue round scad and mackerel, and also contain 5% to 15% by weight of fermentation products, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B1, L-carnitine, and fish oil; The preparation method of the fermented product comprises the following steps: using tiliaceus herba, leaves of ivy lily, viola yedoensis and hainan white flower amaranth as raw materials, adding aspergillus oryzae to the raw materials for fermentation, sterilizing and obtaining the fermented product.

[0006] Preferably, the surimi product is mainly composed of blue round scad and mackerel, and contains 5% to 15% fermentation product by weight, 0.1% to 0.2% vitamin C, 0.07% to 0.2% vitamin E, 0.07% to 0.2% vitamin B1, 0.5% to 1.2% L-carnitine, and 2.1% to 5.5% fish oil.

[0007] Preferably, the mass ratio of blue round trevally to mackerel is 8:1.

[0008] Preferably, the mass ratio of Herba Tylophorae, leaves of Ixora dasyphylla, Viola yedoensis, and Amaranthus hainanensis is 1-5:1-2:1:1-2.

[0009] Preferably, the broodstock are selected by selecting grouper fish aged 3 to 5 years old with a female to male ratio of 3:1 and a healthy physique and a body weight of more than 2 kg as the broodstock.

[0010] Preferably, the water temperature of the cultivation pond is 26°C~28°C, the salinity of the water is 26.0~31.0‰, and the pH value is 7.9~8.3.

[0011] Preferably, the Aspergillus oryzae fermentation time is 56 to 78 hours.

[0012] Preferably, the grouper includes grouper.

[0013] A bait for grouper broodstock mainly contains blue round trevally and mackerel, and also contains 5% to 15% by weight of fermented products, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B1, L-carnitine and fish oil.

[0014] Preferably, the grouper broodstock bait is mainly composed of blue round scad and mackerel, and contains 5% to 15% fermentation products by mass, 0.1% to 0.2% vitamin C, 0.07% to 0.2% vitamin E, 0.07% to 0.2% vitamin B1, 0.5% to 1.2% L-carnitine, and 2.1% to 5.5% fish oil.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: By precisely controlling the culture environment and optimizing the bait formula, this method significantly improves the reproductive performance of broodstock, significantly increasing the floating egg rate, fertilization rate, hatching rate, and fry survival index. This produces more high-quality eggs and fry, providing sufficient seed resources for the large-scale development of the grouper aquaculture industry.

[0016] The present invention avoids the damage to broodstock caused by the traditional artificial injection of hormones to induce spawning, protects the health and subsequent reproductive capacity of the broodstock to the greatest extent, and enables the broodstock to reproduce in a more natural and healthy state. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical content of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0018] In the following embodiments, the herb is referred to as Herba Tylospermi (scientific name: Thalassia hemprichii ) of the whole plant (including roots, stems, leaves, etc.), the Ixora leaf refers to Ixora ( Ixora chinensis Lam. .), the Viola yedoensis is Viola yedoensis (scientific name: Viola philippica ), the Hainan white flower amaranth refers to Hainan white flower amaranth ( Aerva hainanensis How ) of the whole plant.

[0019] Example 1: Grouper broodstock cultivation According to the ratio of female to male of 3:1, 3-5-year-old grouper with strong physique and weighing more than 2 kg were selected as broodstock and placed in broodstock breeding pond for breeding. The water depth was 2.0 m and the stocking density was 0.3 fish / m 2 The pond water temperature is 26°C to 28°C, the salinity is 26.0 to 31.0‰, and the pH is 7.9 to 8.3. An aerator is installed in the pond to maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen. Water quality is regularly monitored and changed to ensure healthy water quality. Homemade surimi is used as bait, and the fish are fed twice daily, with the amount of feed being sufficient to ensure that the broodstock are no longer actively competing for food.

[0020] The surimi product is mainly composed of blue round scad and mackerel in a mass ratio of 8:1, and also contains 5% fermentation products, 0.1% vitamin C, 0.07% vitamin E, 0.07% vitamin B1, 0.5% L-carnitine and 2.1% fish oil.

[0021] Preparation method of fermented product: take equal mass of Herba Tylophorae, Herba Ixorae, Herba Violae, and Herba Amaranthus as raw materials, add Aspergillus oryzae ( Aspergillus oryzae ), the addition amount is 10 7 ~10 8 cfu / g raw materials, stirred evenly, and fermented for 72 h at 25±2° C. and a relative humidity of 80% to 95%, and sterilized to obtain the fermented product.

[0022] Example 2: Grouper broodstock cultivation According to the ratio of female to male of 3:1, 3-5-year-old grouper with strong physique and weighing more than 2 kg were selected as broodstock and placed in broodstock breeding pond for breeding. The water depth was 2.0 m and the stocking density was 0.3 fish / m 2 The pond water temperature is 26°C to 28°C, the salinity is 26.0 to 31.0‰, and the pH is 7.9 to 8.3. An aerator is installed in the pond to maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen. Water quality is regularly monitored and changed to ensure healthy water quality. Homemade surimi is used as bait, and the fish are fed twice daily, with the amount of feed being sufficient to ensure that the broodstock are no longer actively competing for food.

[0023] The surimi product is mainly composed of blue round scad and mackerel in a mass ratio of 8:1, and also contains 10% fermentation products, 0.2% vitamin C, 0.1% vitamin E, 0.1% vitamin B1, 0.8% L-carnitine and 3.0% fish oil by mass.

[0024] Preparation method of fermented product: take equal mass of Herba Tylophorae, Herba Ixorae, Herba Violae, and Herba Amaranthus as raw materials, add Aspergillus oryzae ( Aspergillus oryzae ), the addition amount is 10 7 ~10 8 cfu / g raw materials, stirred evenly, and fermented for 72 h at 25±2° C. and a relative humidity of 80% to 95%, and sterilized to obtain the fermented product.

[0025] Example 3: Grouper broodstock cultivation According to the ratio of female to male of 3:1, 3-5-year-old grouper with strong physique and weighing more than 2 kg were selected as broodstock and placed in broodstock breeding pond for breeding. The water depth was 2.0 m and the stocking density was 0.3 fish / m 2 The pond water temperature is 26°C to 28°C, the salinity is 26.0 to 31.0‰, and the pH is 7.9 to 8.3. An aerator is installed in the pond to maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen. Water quality is regularly monitored and changed to ensure healthy water quality. Homemade surimi is used as bait, and the fish are fed twice daily, with the amount of feed being sufficient to ensure that the broodstock are no longer actively competing for food.

[0026] The surimi product is mainly composed of blue round scad and mackerel in a mass ratio of 8:1, and also contains 15% fermentation products by mass, 0.2% vitamin C, 0.2% vitamin E, 0.2% vitamin B1, 1.2% L-carnitine, and 5.5% fish oil.

[0027] Preparation method of fermented product: take equal mass of Herba Tylophorae, Herba Ixorae, Herba Violae, and Herba Amaranthus as raw materials, add Aspergillus oryzae ( Aspergillus oryzae ), the addition amount is 10 7 ~10 8cfu / g raw materials, stirred evenly, and fermented for 72 h at 25±2° C. and a relative humidity of 80% to 95%, and sterilized to obtain the fermented product.

[0028] Example 4: Grouper broodstock cultivation According to the ratio of female to male of 3:1, 3-5-year-old grouper with strong physique and weighing more than 2 kg were selected as broodstock and placed in broodstock breeding pond for breeding. The water depth was 2.0 m and the stocking density was 0.3 fish / m 2 The pond water temperature is 26°C to 28°C, the salinity is 26.0 to 31.0‰, and the pH is 7.9 to 8.3. An aerator is installed in the pond to maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen. Water quality is regularly monitored and changed to ensure healthy water quality. Homemade surimi is used as bait, and the fish are fed twice daily, with the amount of feed being sufficient to ensure that the broodstock are no longer actively competing for food.

[0029] The surimi product is mainly composed of blue round scad and mackerel in a mass ratio of 8:1, and also contains 5% fermentation products, 0.1% vitamin C, 0.07% vitamin E, 0.07% vitamin B1, 0.5% L-carnitine and 2.1% fish oil.

[0030] Preparation method of fermented product: take equal mass of Herba Tylophorae, Herba Ixorae, Herba Violae, and Herba Amaranthus as raw materials, add Aspergillus oryzae ( Aspergillus oryzae ), the addition amount is 10 7 ~10 8 cfu / g raw materials, stirred evenly, and fermented for 56 hours at 25±2°C and relative humidity of 80% to 95%, and sterilized to obtain the fermented product.

[0031] Example 5: Grouper broodstock cultivation According to the ratio of female to male of 3:1, 3-5-year-old grouper with strong physique and weighing more than 2 kg were selected as broodstock and placed in broodstock breeding pond for breeding. The water depth was 2.0 m and the stocking density was 0.3 fish / m 2 The pond water temperature is 26°C to 28°C, the salinity is 26.0 to 31.0‰, and the pH is 7.9 to 8.3. An aerator is installed in the pond to maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen. Water quality is regularly monitored and changed to ensure healthy water quality. Homemade surimi is used as bait, and the fish are fed twice daily, with the amount of feed being sufficient to ensure that the broodstock are no longer actively competing for food.

[0032] The surimi product is mainly composed of blue round scad and mackerel in a mass ratio of 8:1, and also contains 5% fermentation products, 0.1% vitamin C, 0.07% vitamin E, 0.07% vitamin B1, 0.5% L-carnitine and 2.1% fish oil.

[0033] Preparation method of fermented product: using the leaves of Herba Tylosae, Herba Ixorae, Herba Violae, and Herba Amaranthus Hainanensis in a mass ratio of 5:2:1:2 as raw materials, adding Aspergillus oryzae ( Aspergillus oryzae ), the addition amount is 10 7 ~10 8 cfu / g raw materials, stirred evenly, and fermented for 72 h at 25±2° C. and a relative humidity of 80% to 95%, and sterilized to obtain the fermented product.

[0034] Comparative Example 1: Grouper broodstock breeding According to the ratio of female to male of 3:1, 3-5-year-old grouper with strong physique and weighing more than 2 kg were selected as broodstock and placed in broodstock breeding pond for breeding. The water depth was 2.0 m and the stocking density was 0.3 fish / m 2 The pond water temperature is 26°C to 28°C, the salinity is 26.0 to 31.0‰, and the pH is 7.9 to 8.3. An aerator is installed in the pond to maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen. Water quality is regularly monitored and changed to ensure healthy water quality. Homemade surimi is used as bait, and the fish are fed twice daily, with the amount of feed being sufficient to ensure that the broodstock are no longer actively competing for food.

[0035] The surimi product is mainly composed of blue round scad and mackerel in a mass ratio of 8:1, and also contains 5% squid, 0.1% vitamin C, 0.07% vitamin E, 0.07% vitamin B1, 0.5% L-carnitine, and 2.1% fish oil.

[0036] Comparative Example 2: Grouper broodstock breeding According to the ratio of female to male of 3:1, 3-5-year-old grouper with strong physique and weighing more than 2 kg were selected as broodstock and placed in broodstock breeding pond for breeding. The water depth was 2.0 m and the stocking density was 0.3 fish / m 2 The pond water temperature is 26°C to 28°C, the salinity is 26.0 to 31.0‰, and the pH is 7.9 to 8.3. An aerator is installed in the pond to maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen. Water quality is regularly monitored and changed to ensure healthy water quality. Homemade surimi is used as bait, and the fish are fed twice daily, with the amount of feed being sufficient to ensure that the broodstock are no longer actively competing for food.

[0037] The surimi product is mainly composed of blue round scad and mackerel in a mass ratio of 8:1, and also contains 5% by mass of a composition (equal mass of Tailai grass, Ixora leaves, Viola yedoensis, and Hainan white flower amaranth), 0.1% vitamin C, 0.07% vitamin E, 0.07% vitamin B1, 0.5% L-carnitine, and 2.1% fish oil.

[0038] Comparative Example 3: Grouper broodstock breeding According to the ratio of female to male of 3:1, 3-5-year-old grouper with strong physique and weighing more than 2 kg were selected as broodstock and placed in broodstock breeding pond for breeding. The water depth was 2.0 m and the stocking density was 0.3 fish / m 2 The pond water temperature is 26°C to 28°C, the salinity is 26.0 to 31.0‰, and the pH is 7.9 to 8.3. An aerator is installed in the pond to maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen. Water quality is regularly monitored and changed to ensure healthy water quality. Homemade surimi is used as bait, and the fish are fed twice daily, with the amount of feed being sufficient to ensure that the broodstock are no longer actively competing for food.

[0039] The surimi product is mainly composed of blue round scad and mackerel in a mass ratio of 8:1, and also contains 5% fermentation products, 0.1% vitamin C, 0.07% vitamin E, 0.07% vitamin B1, 0.5% L-carnitine and 2.1% fish oil.

[0040] Preparation method of fermented product: using equal mass of laver, Ixora dasyphylla leaves, Viola yedoensis and Amaranthus hainanensis as raw materials, adding Aspergillus oryzae ( Aspergillus oryzae ), the addition amount is 10 7 ~10 8 cfu / g raw materials, stirred evenly, and fermented for 72 h at 25±2° C. and a relative humidity of 80% to 95%, and sterilized to obtain the fermented product.

[0041] Comparative Example 4: Grouper broodstock breeding According to the ratio of female to male of 3:1, 3-5-year-old grouper with strong physique and weighing more than 2 kg were selected as broodstock and placed in broodstock breeding pond for breeding. The water depth was 2.0 m and the stocking density was 0.3 fish / m 2 The pond water temperature is 26°C to 28°C, the salinity is 26.0 to 31.0‰, and the pH is 7.9 to 8.3. An aerator is installed in the pond to maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen. Water quality is regularly monitored and changed to ensure healthy water quality. Homemade surimi is used as bait, and the fish are fed twice daily, with the amount of feed being sufficient to ensure that the broodstock are no longer actively competing for food.

[0042] The surimi product is mainly composed of blue round scad and mackerel in a mass ratio of 8:1, and also contains 5% fermentation products, 0.1% vitamin C, 0.07% vitamin E, 0.07% vitamin B1, 0.5% L-carnitine and 2.1% fish oil.

[0043] Preparation method of fermented product: take equal mass of Tailai grass, laver, Viola yedoensis and Hainan white flower amaranth as raw materials, add Aspergillus oryzae ( Aspergillus oryzae ), the addition amount is 10 7 ~10 8cfu / g raw materials, stirred evenly, and fermented for 72 h at 25±2° C. and a relative humidity of 80% to 95%, and sterilized to obtain the fermented product.

[0044] Comparative Example 5: Grouper broodstock breeding According to the ratio of female to male of 3:1, 3-5-year-old grouper with strong physique and weighing more than 2 kg were selected as broodstock and placed in broodstock breeding pond for breeding. The water depth was 2.0 m and the stocking density was 0.3 fish / m 2 The pond water temperature is 26°C to 28°C, the salinity is 26.0 to 31.0‰, and the pH is 7.9 to 8.3. An aerator is installed in the pond to maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen. Water quality is regularly monitored and changed to ensure healthy water quality. Homemade surimi is used as bait, and the fish are fed twice daily, with the amount of feed being sufficient to ensure that the broodstock are no longer actively competing for food.

[0045] The surimi product is mainly composed of blue round scad and mackerel in a mass ratio of 8:1, and also contains 5% fermentation products, 0.1% vitamin C, 0.07% vitamin E, 0.07% vitamin B1, 0.5% L-carnitine and 2.1% fish oil.

[0046] Preparation method of fermented product: take equal mass of Herba Tylophorae, Herba Ixorae, Herba Violae, and Herba Laver as raw materials, add Aspergillus oryzae ( Aspergillus oryzae ), the addition amount is 10 7 ~10 8 cfu / g raw materials, stirred evenly, and fermented for 72 h at 25±2° C. and a relative humidity of 80% to 95%, and sterilized to obtain the fermented product.

[0047] The broodstock are then reared for one year, and the broodstock are allowed to spawn and fertilize naturally. During this period, the broodstock rearing tank is inspected daily. If eggs are found, they are collected with an egg collection net. The floating egg rate and fertilization rate are calculated. The fertilized eggs are then placed in the hatching tank for incubation, and the hatchability is calculated.

[0048] Experimental data analysis Floating egg rate (%) = total number of floating eggs during the test period / total number of eggs laid by all broodstock during the test period Fertilization rate (%) = total number of floating eggs during development to mid-gastrulation / total number of floating eggs Hatching rate (%) = total number of newly hatched fry / total number of floating eggs that develop to the mid-gastrula stage Larval vitality is assessed using the larval survival index (SAI). After hatching, 100 larvae are collected and placed in 500 mL of still water at 25-26°C in a cool, ventilated area without feeding. The number of larvae that die is counted daily until all larvae have died. The SAI calculation formula is:

[0049] Where N is the initial number of fry; k is the number of days required for all fry to die; h i is the cumulative number of fry deaths on day i.

[0050] Two parallel groups were set up for each measurement, and the average value was taken.

[0051] Table 1

[0052] The above results demonstrate that the Examples significantly improve the reproductive performance of grouper broodstock and enhance seed quality through specific broodstock selection, precise control of rearing pond conditions, and specialized bait. The floating egg rate, fertilization rate, hatching rate, and fry survival rate were significantly higher than those of the Comparative Examples. Comparative Examples 1 and 2 substituted squid and a composition (equal quantities of Herba Tylophorae, Ixora scabra leaves, Viola yedoensis, and Amaranthus hainanensis) for the fermented product of Example 1, while Comparative Examples 3-5 each substituted laver for some of the fermentation ingredients in the fermented product. The results were all significantly lower than those of the Examples, demonstrating that the fermented product added by the present invention plays a significant role in improving broodstock reproductive performance.

[0053] The specific implementation methods described above are only some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for breeding grouper broodstock, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Select 3-5-year-old grouper fish with strong physique and weight above 2kg as broodstock, place them in the breeding pond for breeding, and cultivate them at a density of 0.3 fish / m 2 The water temperature in the rearing pond is 26℃~28℃, the salinity is 26.0~31.0‰, and the pH value is 7.9~8.3; the broodstock are fed with fish paste products; Surimi products are mainly blue round scad and mackerel, and contain 5% to 15% fermentation products by weight, 0.1% to 0.2% vitamin C, 0.07% to 0.2% vitamin E, 0.07% to 0.2% vitamin B1, 0.5% to 1.2% L-carnitine, and 2.1% to 5.5% fish oil. Preparation method of fermented product: using Herba Tylophorae, Ixora dasyphylla leaves, Viola yedoensis, and Amaranthus hainanensis as raw materials, adding Aspergillus oryzae to the raw materials, fermenting for 56 to 78 hours, and sterilizing to obtain the fermented product; The mass ratio of Herba Tylophorae, leaves of Ixora dasyphylla, Viola yedoensis, and Amaranthus hainanensis is 1~5:1~2:1:1~2.

2. The method for breeding grouper broodstock according to claim 1, wherein The mass ratio of blue trevally to mackerel is 8:

1.

3. The method for breeding grouper broodstock according to claim 1, wherein The broodstock are selected as follows: according to a female to male ratio of 3:1, 3 to 5-year-old grouper with a strong physique and a body weight of more than 2 kg are selected as broodstock.

4. A bait for grouper broodstock, characterized in that: It is mainly composed of blue round scad and mackerel, and also contains 5% to 15% fermentation products by mass, 0.1% to 0.2% vitamin C, 0.07% to 0.2% vitamin E, 0.07% to 0.2% vitamin B1, 0.5% to 1.2% L-carnitine, and 2.1% to 5.5% fish oil; Preparation method of fermented product: using Herba Tylophorae, Ixora dasyphylla leaves, Viola yedoensis, and Amaranthus hainanensis as raw materials, adding Aspergillus oryzae to the raw materials, fermenting for 56 to 78 hours, and sterilizing to obtain the fermented product; The mass ratio of Herba Tylophorae, leaves of Ixora dasyphylla, Viola yedoensis, and Amaranthus hainanensis is 1~5:1~2:1:1~2.

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