Zirconia ceramic pump body deep hole nanoscale honing process and honing head

Abstract

The invention relates to a zirconia ceramic pump body deep hole nanoscale honing process and honing head, and the zirconia ceramic pump body deep hole nanoscale honing process comprises the steps that a composite honing head with a coarse grinding section and a fine grinding section is adopted, and a preset gradient machining process is executed on a target zirconia ceramic pump body; according to the zirconia ceramic pump body deep hole nanoscale honing process and the composite honing head, the gradient machining process is combined with the design of the composite honing head, machining parameters, cooling liquid types and temperature control strategies are dynamically adjusted at different stages, the whole process optimization from rough machining to superfinishing is achieved, and the machining efficiency is improved. The method has the effects of improving the machining efficiency, reducing surface defects and avoiding thermal stress cracks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of deep hole processing technology, and in particular to a deep hole nano-level honing process and a honing head for a zirconia ceramic pump body. Background Art

[0002] In the field of precision ceramic processing, zirconia ceramics are widely used in the manufacturing of key components such as medical injection pumps, chemical metering pumps and high-precision hydraulic components due to their high hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and excellent biocompatibility.

[0003] However, the high hardness (typically exceeding 1000 HV) and low fracture toughness of this material pose significant challenges to deep-hole precision machining, making it difficult for traditional machining methods to simultaneously meet the requirements for high efficiency, high precision, and high-quality surface finishing. The conventional grinding process currently used in the industry, due to its use of a single-grain abrasive, cannot meet the dual requirements of rapid material removal and fine surface finishing during machining. This not only leads to longer machining cycles and increased costs, but also easily produces significant roundness errors (typically exceeding 10 microns) and microcracks on the machined surface, seriously affecting the sealing performance and service life of the final product.

[0004] At present, although the existing improved multi-step honing technology has improved in precision, it still has many technical defects: the process parameters are usually fixed and lack intelligent adjustment capabilities, making it difficult to adapt to the dynamic requirements of rotation speed, feed speed and cooling conditions in different processing stages; the temperature control method is single, and it is difficult to achieve uniform heat dissipation in the processing area by relying solely on external coolant injection, which is prone to thermal stress cracks due to excessive local temperature rise; the honing tool design is too simple, and most of them use a single abrasive structure, which cannot meet the requirements of efficient material removal in the rough processing stage and ultra-precision surface treatment in the fine processing stage in the same processing process, forcing frequent tool replacement during the processing process, which not only affects the processing efficiency but also increases the complexity of the operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned defects, the present application provides a zirconia ceramic pump body deep hole nano-level honing process and a honing head.

[0006] The above-mentioned invention objective of this application is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A deep-hole nano-level honing process for a zirconia ceramic pump body, comprising:

[0008] A composite honing head with a coarse grinding section and a fine grinding section is used to perform a preset gradient machining process on the target zirconia ceramic pump body. The gradient machining process includes:

[0009] S1, rough boring processing stage: rough machining is performed under first processing parameters, while spraying a first coolant with a first flow parameter through the built-in cooling channel, and controlling the temperature of the processing area to be within a first temperature range through an external spray system;

[0010] S2, semi-finishing processing stage: adjust the operating parameters of the adjustable speed spindle device to the second processing parameters, switch to using the second coolant, spray it through the built-in cooling channel at the second flow parameter, and maintain the processing area temperature within the second temperature range;

[0011] S3, lapping process: Activate the grinding unit of the composite honing head, adjust the operating parameters of the adjustable speed spindle device to the third processing parameters, and control the temperature of the processing area within the third temperature range through the external injection system and the built-in cooling channel combined with the pre-configured precision polishing liquid;

[0012] S4, super-finishing processing stage: adjust the working parameters of the adjustable-speed spindle device to the fourth processing parameters, activate the super-finishing unit of the composite honing head, spray the third coolant with the third flow parameter through the built-in cooling channel, and at the same time control the temperature of the processing area within the fourth temperature range through the external injection system, and monitor the surface quality parameters of the target zirconia ceramic pump body in real time until the predetermined processing standards are met.

[0013] Furthermore, the present application also proposes that the first coolant in step S1 is a water-based coolant containing micron-sized diamond abrasive particles, and the particle size of the micron-sized diamond abrasive particles is 50-150 μm;

[0014] The second coolant in step S2 is an oil-based coolant containing first nano-scale diamond particles, and the particle size of the first nano-scale diamond particles is 50-100 nm;

[0015] The pre-configured precision polishing liquid in step S3 is a composite coolant containing second nano-scale diamond particles, and the particle size of the second nano-scale diamond particles is 10-30 nm;

[0016] The third coolant in step S4 is a composite coolant containing third nano-scale diamond particles, and the particle size of the third nano-scale diamond particles is 10-20 nm.

[0017] Furthermore, the present application also proposes that the mass concentration of the micron-sized diamond abrasive particles in the first coolant is 5-8%.

[0018] Furthermore, the present application also proposes that the mass concentration of the first nano-diamond particles in the second coolant is 3-5%.

[0019] Furthermore, the present application also proposes that the mass concentration of the second nano-scale diamond particles in the precision polishing liquid is 1-3%.

[0020] Furthermore, the present application also proposes that the mass concentration of the third nano-scale diamond particles in the third coolant is 1-2%.

[0021] Furthermore, the present application also proposes that the first processing parameters include a first spindle speed, a first axial feed speed, and a first oscillation amplitude; the second processing parameters include a second spindle speed, a second axial feed speed, and a second oscillation amplitude; the third processing parameters include a third spindle speed, a third axial feed speed, and a third oscillation amplitude; the fourth processing parameters include a fourth spindle speed, a fourth axial feed speed, and a fourth oscillation amplitude;

[0022] Wherein, the first spindle speed is 500-800 r / min, the first axial feed speed is 5-10 mm / s, and the first oscillation amplitude is ±0.5-±1.0 mm;

[0023] The second spindle speed is 800-1000 r / min, the second axial feed speed is 2-5 mm / s, and the second oscillation amplitude is ±0.3-±0.6 mm;

[0024] The third spindle speed is 1000-1200 r / min, the third axial feed speed is 1-2 mm / s, and the third oscillation amplitude is ±0.2-±0.4 mm;

[0025] The fourth spindle speed is 1200-1500 r / min, the fourth axial feed speed is 0.5-1 mm / s, and the fourth oscillation amplitude is ±0.1-±0.3 mm.

[0026] Furthermore, the present application also proposes that the first temperature range is 60-80°C, the second temperature range is 50-70°C, the third temperature range is 40-60°C, and the fourth temperature range is 30-50°C.

[0027] Furthermore, the present application also proposes that the first flow parameter is 10-15 L / min, the second flow parameter is 8-12 L / min, and the third flow parameter is 5-8 L / min.

[0028] Furthermore, the present application also proposes that the present application provides a composite honing head for implementing a deep-hole nano-scale honing process for a zirconia ceramic pump body, which comprises:

[0029] A spindle assembly and a honing assembly, wherein the honing assembly is fixedly nested in the spindle assembly, and the spindle assembly includes a fixed sleeve;

[0030] The honing assembly includes a honing body, an oilstone kit and a limiting sleeve. The oilstone kit is movably mounted on one end of the honing body, and the oilstone kit is movably nested in the limiting sleeve. The other end of the honing body is fixedly mounted in the fixed sleeve.

[0031] A plurality of limiting members are provided at intervals on one side of the honing body on which the oilstone kit is movably mounted, and a plurality of receiving slots are provided on both the honing body and the limiting members;

[0032] The oilstone kit includes a coarse grinding segment and a fine grinding segment, and a plurality of the coarse grinding segments and a plurality of the fine grinding segments are movably mounted on the honing body.

[0033] From the above, it can be seen that the present application provides a zirconia ceramic pump body deep hole nano-level honing process and a composite honing head. Through a gradient processing process combined with a composite honing head design, the processing parameters, coolant type and temperature control strategy are dynamically adjusted at different stages to achieve full process optimization from rough processing to ultra-finishing, which has the effect of improving processing efficiency, reducing surface defects and avoiding thermal stress cracks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of an embodiment of a deep hole nano-level honing process for a zirconia ceramic pump body of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a first three-dimensional structure of a multi-layer ultra-high precision honing head according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a multi-stage ultra-high precision honing head of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic exploded view of the structure of a multi-stage ultra-high precision honing head of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the honing body and the oilstone kit assembled according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a first cross-sectional structure of the assembly of the honing body and the oilstone kit of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 A second cross-sectional structural diagram of the assembly of the honing body and the oilstone kit of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the honing body of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the radial cross-section structure of the assembly of the honing body and the oilstone kit of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the radial cross-sectional structure of the honing body of the present invention;

[0044] Among them, 1. Spindle assembly; 2. Honing assembly; 101. Fixed sleeve; 102. Clamping part; 103. Connecting shaft; 104. Cover; 201. Honing body; 202. Oilstone kit; 203. Limit sleeve; 211. Limit part; 212. Storage layer; 213. Storage slot; 221. Coarse honing oilstone; 222. Fine honing oilstone; 223. Slot; 231. Oilstone limit slot; 232. Sliding slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following is combined with Figure 1-10 This application is described in further detail.

[0046] In one embodiment, the present application discloses a deep hole nano-level honing process for a zirconia ceramic pump body, such as Figure 1 As shown, specifically including:

[0047] A composite honing head with a coarse grinding section and a fine grinding section is used to perform a preset gradient machining process on the target zirconia ceramic pump body. The gradient machining process includes:

[0048] S1, rough boring processing stage: rough machining is performed under first processing parameters, while spraying a first coolant with a first flow parameter through the built-in cooling channel, and controlling the temperature of the processing area to be within a first temperature range through an external spray system;

[0049] S2, semi-finishing processing stage: adjust the operating parameters of the adjustable speed spindle device to the second processing parameters, switch to using the second coolant, spray it through the built-in cooling channel at the second flow parameter, and maintain the processing area temperature within the second temperature range;

[0050] S3, lapping process: Activate the grinding unit of the composite honing head, adjust the operating parameters of the adjustable speed spindle device to the third processing parameters, and control the temperature of the processing area within the third temperature range through the external injection system and the built-in cooling channel combined with the pre-configured precision polishing liquid;

[0051] S4, super-finishing processing stage: adjust the working parameters of the adjustable-speed spindle device to the fourth processing parameters, activate the super-finishing unit of the composite honing head, spray the third coolant with the third flow parameter through the built-in cooling channel, and at the same time control the temperature of the processing area within the fourth temperature range through the external injection system, and monitor the surface quality parameters of the target zirconia ceramic pump body in real time until the predetermined processing standards are met.

[0052] Among them, the composite honing head refers to a multifunctional tool that integrates the coarse grinding section and the fine grinding section, which can be specifically realized by a segmented oilstone kit structure. The coarse grinding section is used for rapid material removal, and the fine grinding section is used for surface finishing; the gradient processing process refers to the division of processing stages in the order of decreasing material removal and increasing precision requirements, which can be specifically realized by adjusting the spindle speed, feed speed and cooling strategy in stages; the built-in cooling channel refers to the fluid delivery structure arranged inside the honing tool, which can be specifically realized by using porous media or microchannel design to realize directional coolant injection; the external injection system refers to an external temperature control device independent of the processing tool, which can be specifically realized by using a multi-nozzle array to realize uniform control of the temperature field in the processing area; real-time monitoring refers to the online collection of surface roughness or morphology data through sensors, which can be specifically realized by using optical interferometers or contact probes to realize closed-loop control of processing quality.

[0053] Specifically, during the rough boring stage, high speeds and large feed rates are used to rapidly remove excess material, while high-flow coolant is used to maintain a high temperature range to prevent brittle fracture. During the semi-finishing stage, the feed rate is reduced and the cooling medium is switched to balance material removal efficiency and surface quality. During the finishing stage, precision polishing fluids and low oscillation amplitudes are used to eliminate microscopic defects. During the super-finishing stage, extremely low feed rates and nano-abrasives are used to achieve atomic-level surface finishing, while precise temperature control is combined to suppress thermal stress. The machining parameters and cooling strategies at each stage form a progressive synergy, ensuring simultaneous improvements in machining efficiency and surface integrity.

[0054] Compared with existing technologies, traditional processes use a single abrasive and fixed parameters, which cannot achieve a balance between material removal and surface quality. However, this solution seamlessly connects the roughing and finishing processes through phased parameter adjustment and composite tool design. Existing technologies rely on external cooling, which leads to temperature control lag. This solution combines built-in cooling channels with an external injection system to achieve precise control of the temperature gradient in the processing area. Traditional tools require multiple replacements, which affects efficiency. This solution reduces downtime and improves processing continuity by integrating a composite structure of coarse grinding and fine grinding sections.

[0055] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves the unity of efficient material removal and nano-level surface accuracy in the deep hole processing of zirconia ceramics, avoids surface cracks and roundness deviation problems caused by fixed parameters, suppresses thermal stress damage through dynamic cooling strategy, and the application of composite honing tools reduces the number of processing interruptions, significantly improving process stability and production efficiency.

[0056] The present application further proposes that: the first coolant in step S1 is a water-based coolant containing micron-sized diamond abrasive particles, and the particle size of the micron-sized diamond abrasive particles is 50-150 μm;

[0057] The second coolant in step S2 is an oil-based coolant containing first nano-scale diamond particles, and the particle size of the first nano-scale diamond particles is 50-100 nm;

[0058] The pre-configured precision polishing liquid in step S3 is a composite coolant containing second nano-scale diamond particles, and the particle size of the second nano-scale diamond particles is 10-30 nm;

[0059] The third coolant in step S4 is a composite coolant containing third nano-scale diamond particles, and the particle size of the third nano-scale diamond particles is 10-20 nm.

[0060] Among them, micron-scale diamond abrasives refer to diamond particles with a particle size in the range of 50-150 microns, which can be prepared by high-temperature and high-pressure synthesis. Their larger particle size can achieve efficient material removal in the rough processing stage; the first nano-scale diamond particles refer to diamond particles with a particle size in the range of 50-100 nanometers, which can be synthesized by detonation method. The medium-sized nanoparticles can balance the processing efficiency and surface quality in the semi-finishing stage; the second nano-scale diamond particles refer to diamond particles with a particle size in the range of 10-30 nanometers, which can be prepared by chemical vapor deposition. Their smaller particle size is conducive to the fine finishing of the surface microstructure in the fine grinding stage; the third nano-scale diamond particles refer to diamond particles with a particle size in the range of 10-20 nanometers, which can be prepared by laser ablation. The ultra-fine particle size can eliminate micro defects and improve surface integrity in the final processing stage.

[0061] Specifically, when using water-based coolant containing micron-sized diamond abrasives in the rough boring stage, the impact cutting action of the abrasives can quickly remove the surface material of the zirconia ceramic, and the high fluidity of the water-based medium helps to discharge the processing debris in time; in the semi-finishing stage, it is switched to an oil-based coolant containing medium-sized nanoparticles. The lubricating properties of the oil-based carrier can reduce the frictional heat between the abrasives and the processed surface, and the rolling action of the nanoparticles can improve the surface roughness; in the fine grinding stage, a nanoparticle composite coolant with a smaller particle size is used to eliminate the microscopic scratches generated by the previous process through the micro-cutting and filling action of the particles; in the super-finishing stage, an ultrafine nanoparticle composite coolant is used to achieve atomic-level surface polishing under low-flow jet conditions, ultimately achieving nanometer-level surface accuracy.

[0062] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves the coordinated optimization of material removal efficiency and surface quality during the deep hole processing of zirconia ceramics, effectively avoiding the accumulation of roundness errors and micro-crack propagation of the processed surface caused by the mismatch of abrasive size, and providing a reliable process guarantee for obtaining nano-level precision of the inner hole surface of the ceramic pump body.

[0063] The present application further proposes that the mass concentration of the micron-sized diamond abrasive particles in the first coolant is 5-8%.

[0064] Among them, the mass concentration of micron-sized diamond abrasives refers to the mass percentage of abrasives in the coolant. Specifically, it can be achieved by using a dynamic mixing device to mix the abrasives with a water-based carrier in proportion. This concentration range can not only ensure sufficient grinding force to achieve efficient material removal, but also avoid the problem of decreased coolant fluidity due to excessively high abrasive density.

[0065] Specifically, during the rough boring stage, when the water-based coolant carries micron-sized diamond abrasives with a mass concentration of 5-8% into the processing area, the abrasives form an effective cutting layer between the inner wall of the pump body and the honing tool. The abrasive distribution density at this concentration can not only ensure that the number of abrasives involved in cutting per unit time meets the rough processing requirements, but also carry away the debris generated by cutting through the flow of coolant; for example, when the mass concentration is lower than 5%, the distance between the abrasives is too large, resulting in a significant reduction in cutting efficiency; and when the concentration exceeds 8%, the probability of mutual collision between the abrasives increases, which in turn reduces the effective cutting efficiency.

[0066] Through the above technical solution, the present application effectively solves the contradiction between the material removal efficiency in the rough machining stage and the basic quality of the machined surface; the optimized abrasive concentration not only ensures the cutting efficiency, but also provides a processing basis with uniform surface roughness for the subsequent semi-finishing stage, avoiding the problem of increased compensatory processing volume in subsequent processes due to fluctuations in the rough machining surface quality.

[0067] The present application further proposes that the mass concentration of the first nano-scale diamond particles in the second coolant is 3-5%.

[0068] Among them, the second coolant refers to an oil-based coolant, which can specifically use mineral oil or synthetic ester base oil as a carrier, and achieve stable dispersion of nanoparticles by adding surfactants; mass concentration refers to the mass proportion of nano-scale diamond particles in the coolant, which can be dynamically adjusted by weighing method or online concentration monitoring device to ensure uniform particle distribution.

[0069] Specifically, during the semi-finishing processing stage, oil-based coolant is sprayed into the processing area through the built-in channel. When the mass concentration of nano-diamond particles is maintained in the range of 3-5%, the coolant has sufficient lubrication properties to reduce the frictional heat between the grinding tool and the workpiece, and can also assist in removing micro-protrusions on the material surface through the rolling effect of nano-particles. This concentration range can balance the heat dissipation efficiency and material removal rate, avoiding the blockage of the flow channel caused by the abrasive agglomeration due to excessively high concentration, or insufficient chip carrying capacity of the coolant due to excessively low concentration.

[0070] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively solves the problem of temperature out of control in the processing area caused by improper coolant concentration in traditional processes, prevents thermal stress cracks on the surface of zirconia ceramics due to excessive local temperature rise, and ensures the uniform distribution of nano-scale abrasives in the oil-based medium, thereby improving the material removal efficiency and surface flatness consistency in the semi-finishing stage.

[0071] The present application further proposes that the mass concentration of the second nano-scale diamond particles in the precision polishing liquid is 1-3%.

[0072] Among them, the second nano-scale diamond particles refer to diamond particles with a particle size at the nanoscale. Specifically, diamond powder can be synthesized by chemical vapor deposition or detonation method, and the target particle size range is obtained through graded screening. The particles are used as abrasives in the polishing liquid, and their nano-scale size can reduce the scratch depth of the processed surface; the setting of 1-3% mass concentration can balance the material removal efficiency and surface finish requirements. Too high a concentration may cause abrasive agglomeration, while too low a concentration will affect the processing efficiency.

[0073] Specifically, during the fine grinding stage, the precision polishing liquid acts synergistically on the processing area through an external injection system and a built-in cooling channel; the second nano-scale diamond particles are evenly dispersed in the polishing liquid, and the composite honing head is driven by the adjustable speed spindle device for precision grinding; the mass concentration is controlled within the range of 1-3%, which can not only ensure that there are a sufficient number of abrasive particles involved in surface finishing per unit time, but also avoid secondary scratches on the processed surface caused by excessive accumulation of abrasive particles; during the processing, the precision polishing liquid takes away the cutting heat while gradually eliminating the microscopic roughness remaining in the semi-fine grinding stage through the rolling and micro-cutting action of nano-scale particles.

[0074] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively solves the problem of surface roughness fluctuation caused by improper abrasive concentration during the fine grinding stage; by optimizing the concentration of nanoparticles, the generation of micro cracks can be reduced without increasing the processing time, thereby improving the roundness accuracy and surface integrity of the deep holes of the zirconia ceramic pump body, laying the foundation for the subsequent super-fine grinding stage.

[0075] The present application further proposes that the mass concentration of the third nano-scale diamond particles in the third coolant is 1-2%.

[0076] Among them, mass concentration refers to the mass proportion of the third nano-scale diamond particles in the third coolant, which can be achieved by centrifugal separation combined with a dynamic concentration monitoring system, and the concentration can be maintained stable by real-time adjustment of the amount of particle addition; among them, the third nano-scale diamond particles refer to diamond abrasives with a particle size of 10-20nm, which can be synthesized by chemical vapor deposition and evenly distributed in the coolant through ultrasonic dispersion technology to enhance the surface polishing effect in the super-fine grinding stage.

[0077] Specifically, during the super-precision grinding stage, the third coolant is sprayed into the processing area through the built-in channel with a third flow parameter. At this time, the third nano-scale diamond particles form a stable suspended dispersion system at a mass concentration of 1-2%. This concentration range can not only ensure that the particles are in full contact with the ceramic surface to remove nano-scale residual defects, but also avoid uneven temperature distribution in the processing area due to particle aggregation. At the same time, the third coolant works synergistically with the external injection system to control the temperature of the processing area within the fourth temperature range, thereby reducing microcracks caused by thermal stress.

[0078] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively solves the problem of surface scratches caused by excessively high coolant particle concentration during the super-precision grinding stage. At the same time, it improves the removal efficiency of nano-scale defects by optimizing the particle dispersion state, and ultimately reduces the surface roughness of the deep hole of the zirconia ceramic pump body to Ra≤0.05μm and eliminates micro cracks.

[0079] The present application further proposes that: the first processing parameters include a first spindle speed, a first axial feed speed, and a first oscillation amplitude; the second processing parameters include a second spindle speed, a second axial feed speed, and a second oscillation amplitude; the third processing parameters include a third spindle speed, a third axial feed speed, and a third oscillation amplitude; the fourth processing parameters include a fourth spindle speed, a fourth axial feed speed, and a fourth oscillation amplitude;

[0080] Wherein, the first spindle speed is 500-800 r / min, the first axial feed speed is 5-10 mm / s, and the first oscillation amplitude is ±0.5-±1.0 mm;

[0081] The second spindle speed is 800-1000 r / min, the second axial feed speed is 2-5 mm / s, and the second oscillation amplitude is ±0.3-±0.6 mm;

[0082] The third spindle speed is 1000-1200 r / min, the third axial feed speed is 1-2 mm / s, and the third oscillation amplitude is ±0.2-±0.4 mm;

[0083] The fourth spindle speed is 1200-1500 r / min, the fourth axial feed speed is 0.5-1 mm / s, and the fourth oscillation amplitude is ±0.1-±0.3 mm.

[0084] Among them, the spindle speed refers to the angular velocity that drives the honing head to rotate. Specifically, a servo motor can be used in conjunction with a frequency converter to achieve precise control. By gradually increasing the speed, the contact frequency between the abrasive and the processing surface is increased in a step-by-step manner; the axial feed speed refers to the movement rate of the honing head along the axis of the workpiece. Specifically, the parameters can be adjusted through the interpolation algorithm of the CNC system. As the processing stage progresses, the feed speed is gradually reduced to reduce the cutting stress; the oscillation amplitude refers to the reciprocating motion range of the honing head in the radial direction. Specifically, the hydraulic actuator can drive the limit sleeve to achieve amplitude control. By reducing the oscillation amplitude, the repeatability of the processing trajectory can be gradually improved.

[0085] Specifically, in the rough boring stage, a combination of higher spindle speed and larger feed rate is adopted, combined with wide-range oscillation motion to achieve rapid removal of allowance; in the semi-finishing stage, the speed is increased and the feed rate is reduced, combined with medium oscillation amplitude to balance material removal efficiency and surface roughness; in the fine grinding stage, the speed is further increased and the feed rate is reduced, and narrow-range oscillation is used to eliminate micro-ripples; finally, in the super-finishing stage, the highest speed and the lowest feed rate are combined, and the minimum oscillation amplitude is superimposed to complete nano-level surface finishing; the parameters of each stage are automatically switched through the CNC system, and the temperature control of the built-in cooling channel and the external injection system is combined to ensure the thermal stability of the processing area.

[0086] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively solves the problem of balancing material removal efficiency and surface quality during deep-hole machining of zirconia ceramics. By gradient changes in parameter combinations, roundness errors caused by machining chatter are avoided while also reducing the probability of microcracks. Staged amplitude control enables differentiated coverage of the abrasive motion paths during the coarse and fine grinding processes, ultimately achieving a controlled transition from micron- to nanometer-scale surface roughness.

[0087] The present application further proposes that: the first temperature range is 60-80°C, the second temperature range is 50-70°C, the third temperature range is 40-60°C, and the fourth temperature range is 30-50°C.

[0088] Among them, the temperature control range of the rough boring processing stage refers to the coordinated action of the built-in cooling channel spraying coolant and the external spray system to maintain the temperature of the processing area in the range of 60-80℃. Specifically, it can be achieved by the linkage of a closed-loop temperature sensor and a proportional control valve. This temperature range can both ensure material removal efficiency and avoid thermal stress cracks; the temperature control range of the semi-finishing processing stage refers to the adjustment of the coolant spray parameters to reduce the temperature of the processing area to 50-70℃. Specifically, it can be achieved by real-time monitoring with an infrared thermal imager and a flow control device. This temperature range helps to reduce the volatilization loss of oil-based coolant; the temperature control range of the fine grinding processing stage refers to the temperature being stabilized at 40-60℃ through the combined action of precision polishing fluid and the cooling system. Specifically, it can be achieved by a multi-channel coolant distributor and a temperature compensation algorithm. This temperature range is conducive to the uniform distribution of nano-scale particles; the temperature control range of the super-finishing processing stage refers to the temperature being reduced to 30-50℃ by reducing the coolant spray flow and enhancing the heat dissipation efficiency. Specifically, it can be achieved by combining a microporous spray structure with a forced air cooling system. This temperature range can suppress the generation of surface micro defects.

[0089] Specifically, temperature control during machining is implemented in a phased, decreasing mode. Roughing stages utilize a higher temperature range to accommodate high-volume machining. As machining precision increases, the temperature range is gradually reduced to match the machining characteristics of different abrasive grit sizes. Internal cooling channels and an external spray system form a composite temperature control system. By adjusting the coolant flow rate, spray angle, and heat dissipation intensity, the temperature of the machining area at each stage remains within a preset range. Temperature sensors collect data in real time and feed it back to the control system, dynamically adjusting coolant spray parameters and spindle speed to ensure that temperature fluctuations do not exceed set thresholds.

[0090] Through the above technical solution, the present application effectively solves the problem of surface integrity deterioration caused by improper temperature control during deep hole processing of zirconia ceramics. Through a staged temperature reduction mechanism, the coordinated control of efficient heat dissipation in rough processing and low-temperature stability in fine processing is achieved, thereby reducing the thickness of the heat-affected layer on the processing surface of each process, and ultimately obtaining nanoscale surface roughness and uniform residual stress distribution.

[0091] The present application further proposes that: the first flow parameter is 10-15 L / min, the second flow parameter is 8-12 L / min, and the third flow parameter is 5-8 L / min.

[0092] Among them, the flow control in the rough boring stage is achieved through the built-in cooling channel. A large-diameter proportional control valve (DN15) can be used to control the flow accuracy of ±0.5L / min, combined with a temperature range of 60-80°C to ensure sufficient cooling while maintaining processing efficiency; the flow control in the semi-finishing stage is achieved through an optimized injection system. A piezoelectric flow controller can be used to match the temperature range of 50-70°C to balance the cooling effect and oil-based coolant consumption; the flow control in the super-finishing stage is achieved through a precision metering pump, and its flow fluctuation is controlled within ±3%, combined with a low temperature range of 30-50°C to achieve precise supply.

[0093] This application further proposes a composite honing head, such as Figure 2-9 As shown, a composite honing head includes a spindle assembly 1 and a honing assembly 2. The honing assembly 2 is fixedly nested in the spindle assembly 1. The spindle assembly 1 includes a fixed sleeve 101.

[0094] The honing assembly 2 includes a honing body 201, an oilstone kit 202, and a limiting sleeve 203. The oilstone kit 202 is movably mounted on one end of the honing body 201, and the oilstone kit 202 is movably nested in the limiting sleeve 203. The other end of the honing body 201 is fixedly mounted in the fixed sleeve 101.

[0095] A plurality of stoppers 211 are provided at intervals on one side of the honing body 201 on which the oilstone set 202 is movably mounted, and a plurality of receiving slots 213 are provided on both the honing body 201 and the stoppers 211;

[0096] The oilstone kit 202 includes a coarse grinding segment 221 and a fine grinding segment 222 . A plurality of the coarse grinding segments 221 and a plurality of the fine grinding segments 222 are movably mounted on the honing body 201 .

[0097] In this embodiment, the oilstone kit 202 includes a coarse grinding segment 221 and a fine grinding segment 222, and the coarse grinding segment 221 and the fine grinding segment 222 are spaced and movably installed on one end of the honing body 201, and are nested and installed on the limiting sleeve 203, so that the movable installation state of the oilstone kit 202 can be adjusted and the use state of the honing oilstone can be selected; the other end of the honing body 201 is fixedly installed in the fixed sleeve 101, and by installing the fixed sleeve 101 on the rotating shaft of the lathe, the honing body 201 is driven to rotate based on the rotating shaft, so that the coarse grinding segment 221 or the fine grinding segment 222 protruding from the limiting sleeve 203 is aligned with the target zirconia. The ceramic pump body is honed to achieve high-precision processing requirements for the target zirconia ceramic pump body, and the honing body 201 radially limits the oilstone kit 202, and the limiting sleeve 203 axially limits the oilstone kit 202, thereby solving the disadvantage of insufficient processing stability of the traditional honing head, and based on the adjustment of the movably installed oilstone kit 202, the effect of selectively using the coarse grinding section 221 or the fine grinding section 222 for honing is achieved, thereby solving the disadvantage of the existing honing head that it is difficult to take into account different surface roughness accuracies when processing ceramics of different hardness, and improving the adaptability of the honing head in the usage scenario.

[0098] In one embodiment, the end of the limiting member 211 away from the spindle assembly 1 is configured as an inclined surface, and the honing body 201 between the limiting members 211 is configured as a receiving layer 212, and the cross-sectional dimension of the receiving layer 212 is smaller than the cross-sectional dimension of the limiting member 211;

[0099] A plurality of slots 223 are provided on the side of the coarse grinding section 221 and the fine grinding section 222 close to the honing body 201. The size of the slots 223 is consistent with the size of the limiter 211. The size of the coarse grinding section 221 and the fine grinding section 222 close to the honing body 201, except for the slots 223, is consistent with the size of the storage layer 212.

[0100] In this embodiment, the coarse grinding section 221 and the fine grinding section 222 are staggered with each other on the honing body 201. In the normal state when not in operation, the slot 223 of the oilstone kit 202 abuts against the limiter 211 of the honing body 201, the protruding portion of the inner end surface of the oilstone kit 202 abuts against the storage layer 212, and part of the honing oilstone is nested in the storage groove 213, so that the inner end surface of the oilstone kit 202 is completely abutted against the outer end surface of the honing body 201, and the outer end surface of the oilstone kit 202 is completely abutted against the limiter 211. The outer end surface of the sleeve 203 is flat; when the coarse grinding segment 221 is selected for honing, the honing body 201 is moved away from the spindle assembly 1, so that the inner end surface of the coarse grinding segment 221 moves along the inclined outer side of the limit member 211, so that the outer end surface of the coarse grinding segment 221 protrudes from the outer end surface of the limit sleeve 203, and the fine grinding segment 222 is sleeved in the limit groove. Since the inner end surface of the limit groove is flat with the receiving layer 212, the outer end surface of the fine grinding segment 222 does not protrude from the outer end surface of the limit sleeve 203. Similarly, the oilstone kit 202 is returned to its normal state. By rotating the honing body 201, the coarse grinding segment 221 is matched to the position of the limit groove. By moving the honing body 201, the fine grinding segment 222 can be protruded outside the limit sleeve 203, while the coarse grinding segment 221 is stored in the storage groove 213. By selectively highlighting honing oilstones with different surface roughness, the adaptability of the honing head to various needs is improved.

[0101] In one embodiment, the sizes of the receiving slots 213 are consistent with the sizes of the oilstone kit 202 , and the oilstone kit 202 is movably installed in the receiving slots 213 .

[0102] In this embodiment, the storage groove 213 is used to store unused honing stones.

[0103] In one embodiment, the honing assembly 2 also includes a limiting sleeve 203, the honing body 201 is movably installed in the limiting sleeve 203, and the limiting sleeve 203 is provided with a plurality of oilstone limiting grooves 231 at the end away from the spindle assembly 1; based on the assembly of the limiting member 211 and the oilstone kit 202, the oilstone kit 202 is movably nested in the oilstone limiting groove 231.

[0104] In this embodiment, the oilstone kit 202 is nested and installed in the oilstone limiting groove 231 of the limiting sleeve 203. The oilstone limiting groove 231 limits the movement of the oilstone kit 202 except radial movement. The oilstone kit 202 in use protrudes to the limiting sleeve 203 based on the oilstone limiting groove 231 to perform honing operations.

[0105] In one embodiment, a sliding groove 232 is further provided on the outer side of the limiting sleeve 203 , and a bolt hole is provided on the end of the honing body 201 close to the spindle assembly 1 , and a bolt is fixedly installed on the bolt hole, and the bolt is slidably installed in the sliding groove 232 .

[0106] In this embodiment, the bolt hole is used to fix the honing body 201 in the spindle assembly 1, and the length of the bolt fixed in the bolt hole is greater than the depth of the bolt hole, so the protruding part of the bolt is slidably installed in the sliding groove 232. By adjusting the position of the bolt hole in the sliding groove 232 and fixing it based on the bolt, the extend length adjustability of the honing body 201 in the limiting sleeve 203 is achieved.

[0107] In one embodiment, the spindle assembly 1 also includes a clamping member 102 and a connecting shaft 103. The clamping member 102 is fixedly installed in the hollow interior of the fixed sleeve 101, and the connecting shaft 103 is movably sleeved in the clamping member 102. The connecting shaft 103 is fixedly connected to one end of the honing body 201 near the end of the honing assembly 2.

[0108] In this embodiment, the clamping member 102 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the spindle assembly 1, and the clamping member 102 is sleeved with a connecting shaft 103, and the connecting shaft 103 is fixedly connected to one end of the honing body 201, thereby achieving the effect of the spindle assembly 1 being fixedly connected to the honing body 201, and achieving the effect of the lathe shaft driving the honing body 201 to perform rotational honing based on the spindle assembly 1, and the way in which the clamping member 102 is movably sleeved with the connecting shaft 103 achieves the effect of the honing assembly 2 being detachable, thereby meeting the replaceability of the oilstone kit 202 in case of damage.

[0109] In one embodiment, the spindle assembly 1 further includes a cover 104 . The cover 104 is fixedly provided at one end of the fixed sleeve 101 close to the honing assembly 2 . The honing body 201 passes through the cover 104 and is bolted to the connecting shaft 103 .

[0110] In this embodiment, the cover 104 is used to isolate the interior of the spindle assembly 1 from the external environment, thereby preventing waste materials generated by the honing assembly 2 during honing from entering the spindle assembly 1 and causing unnecessary impact.

[0111] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations of the present application are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

[0112] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A deep hole nano-level honing process for a zirconia ceramic pump body, characterized in that: include: A composite honing head with a coarse grinding section and a fine grinding section is used to perform a preset gradient machining process on the target zirconia ceramic pump body. The gradient machining process includes: S1, rough boring processing stage: rough machining is performed under first processing parameters, while spraying a first coolant with a first flow parameter through the built-in cooling channel, and controlling the temperature of the processing area to be within a first temperature range through an external spray system; S2, semi-finishing processing stage: adjust the operating parameters of the adjustable speed spindle device to the second processing parameters, switch to using the second coolant, spray it through the built-in cooling channel at the second flow parameter, and maintain the processing area temperature within the second temperature range; S3, lapping process: Activate the grinding unit of the composite honing head, adjust the operating parameters of the adjustable speed spindle device to the third processing parameters, and control the temperature of the processing area within the third temperature range through the external injection system and the built-in cooling channel combined with the pre-configured precision polishing liquid; S4, super-finishing processing stage: adjust the working parameters of the adjustable-speed spindle device to the fourth processing parameters, activate the super-finishing unit of the composite honing head, spray the third coolant with the third flow parameter through the built-in cooling channel, and at the same time control the temperature of the processing area within the fourth temperature range through the external injection system, and monitor the surface quality parameters of the target zirconia ceramic pump body in real time until the predetermined processing standards are met.

2. The deep hole nano-level honing process for a zirconia ceramic pump body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first coolant in step S1 is a water-based coolant containing micron-sized diamond abrasive particles, wherein the particle size of the micron-sized diamond abrasive particles is 50-150 μm; The second coolant in step S2 is an oil-based coolant containing first nano-scale diamond particles, and the particle size of the first nano-scale diamond particles is 50-100 nm; The pre-configured precision polishing liquid in step S3 is a composite coolant containing second nano-scale diamond particles, and the particle size of the second nano-scale diamond particles is 10-30 nm; The third coolant in step S4 is a composite coolant containing third nano-scale diamond particles, and the particle size of the third nano-scale diamond particles is 10-20 nm.

3. The deep hole nano-level honing process for a zirconia ceramic pump body according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass concentration of the micron-sized diamond abrasive particles in the first cooling liquid is 5-8%.

4. The deep hole nano-level honing process for a zirconia ceramic pump body according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass concentration of the first nano-diamond particles in the second coolant is 3-5%.

5. The deep hole nano-level honing process for a zirconia ceramic pump body according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass concentration of the second nano-scale diamond particles in the precision polishing liquid is 1-3%.

6. The deep hole nano-level honing process of a zirconia ceramic pump body according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass concentration of the third nano-diamond particles in the third cooling liquid is 1-2%.

7. The deep hole nano-level honing process for a zirconia ceramic pump body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first processing parameters include a first spindle speed, a first axial feed speed, and a first oscillation amplitude; the second processing parameters include a second spindle speed, a second axial feed speed, and a second oscillation amplitude; the third processing parameters include a third spindle speed, a third axial feed speed, and a third oscillation amplitude; the fourth processing parameters include a fourth spindle speed, a fourth axial feed speed, and a fourth oscillation amplitude; Wherein, the first spindle speed is 500-800 r / min, the first axial feed speed is 5-10 mm / s, and the first oscillation amplitude is ±0.5-±1.0 mm; The second spindle speed is 800-1000 r / min, the second axial feed speed is 2-5 mm / s, and the second oscillation amplitude is ±0.3-±0.6 mm; The third spindle speed is 1000-1200 r / min, the third axial feed speed is 1-2 mm / s, and the third oscillation amplitude is ±0.2-±0.4 mm; The fourth spindle speed is 1200-1500 r / min, the fourth axial feed speed is 0.5-1 mm / s, and the fourth oscillation amplitude is ±0.1-±0.3 mm.

8. The deep hole nano-level honing process for a zirconia ceramic pump body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first temperature range is 60-80°C, the second temperature range is 50-70°C, the third temperature range is 40-60°C, and the fourth temperature range is 30-50°C.

9. The deep hole nano-level honing process of a zirconia ceramic pump body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first flow parameter is 10-15 L / min, the second flow parameter is 8-12 L / min, and the third flow parameter is 5-8 L / min.

10. A composite honing head for implementing the deep hole nano-level honing process of a zirconia ceramic pump body according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: A spindle assembly (1) and a honing assembly (2), wherein the honing assembly (2) is fixedly nested in the spindle assembly (1), and the spindle assembly (1) includes a fixed sleeve (101); The honing assembly (2) comprises a honing body (201), an oilstone kit (202) and a limiting sleeve (203); the oilstone kit (202) is movably mounted on one end of the honing body (201); the oilstone kit (202) is movably nested in the limiting sleeve (203); and the other end of the honing body (201) is fixedly mounted in the fixed sleeve (101); A plurality of limiting members (211) are arranged at intervals on one side of the honing body (201) on which the oilstone kit (202) is movably mounted, and a plurality of receiving grooves (213) are provided on both the honing body (201) and the limiting member (211); The oilstone kit (202) comprises a coarse grinding section (221) and a fine grinding section (222); a plurality of the coarse grinding sections (221) and a plurality of the fine grinding sections (222) are movably mounted on the honing body (201).

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