Polyaspartic enzyme carbon-based bacteria bio-organic fertilizer and production method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, and discloses a polyaspartic enzyme carbon-based bacterium bio-organic fertilizer and a production method thereof, and the polyaspartic enzyme carbon-based bacterium bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: 80-82 parts of livestock manure; 15 to 16 parts of straw; 4.5 to 5.5 parts of candy pomace; 0.5 to 2.0 parts of a polyaspartase flora; 0.3 to 1.5 parts of a carbon-based functional flora; 0.1 to 1.0 part of a compound enzyme nanocapsule; 10 to 20 parts of a straw biochar carrier; the compound enzyme nanocapsule is of a chitosan-silicon dioxide core-shell structure and is prepared from a chitosan solution, silicon dioxide sol and embedded high-temperature-resistant ligninase. Through biochar carrier optimization, two-stage fermentation and composite coating layer design, the synergistic interaction of efficient synthesis of humic acid, bacterium-enzyme long-acting activity maintenance and accurate nutrient controlled release is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, in particular to a poly-tian enzyme carbon-based bacteria bio-organic fertilizer and a production method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of organic agriculture and green planting technologies, the market demand for functional organic fertilizers with high humic acid content, long-lasting slow-release properties, and stable bacterial activity is increasingly urgent. As a core component for soil improvement and crop stress resistance, the efficiency of humic acid synthesis is closely related to the precise regulation of microbial metabolic pathways.

[0003] Current organic fertilizer production techniques typically utilize a single bacterial strain combined with free enzymes, relying on conventional carriers like straw and humus to absorb the bacteria. Organic matter is then decomposed through a single-stage, constant-temperature fermentation process. Coating processes typically involve physically coating the pellets with hydrophobic materials like paraffin or resin to delay nutrient release.

[0004] However, the existing technical solutions still have some shortcomings. Conventional carriers are difficult to effectively protect bacteria during high-temperature turning due to insufficient compatibility of pore structure and surface charge, resulting in a significant decrease in the survival rate of the bacterial colony; single-stage constant temperature fermentation cannot take into account the optimal environmental requirements for enzyme activity protection and humic acid synthesis, resulting in incomplete lignin degradation and insufficient accumulation of humic acid precursors; although the single hydrophobic property of traditional coating materials can delay nutrient release, excessive blocking of water penetration will inhibit bacterial recovery, and there is a lack of ability to prevent and control contamination by miscellaneous bacteria during storage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a polytian enzyme carbon-based bacteria bio-organic fertilizer and a production method thereof, which solves the problems of high bacterial inactivation rate, incomplete lignin degradation, uncontrollable nutrient release and long fermentation cycle in the preparation of traditional organic fertilizers.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a polytian enzyme carbon-based bacteria biological organic fertilizer, the organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: Livestock and poultry manure: 80-82 parts; Straw: 15-16 parts; Sugar residue: 4.5-5.5 parts; Livestock and poultry manure provides a high nitrogen source and microbial growth factors, straw acts as a carbon skeleton to maintain the compost's pore structure, and the soluble sugars in the sugar residue provide rapid metabolic energy for the functional bacteria. The three elements, when mixed, form a porous medium. Its fiber-sugar-protein composite structure provides physical support for subsequent bacterial and enzyme degradation. The hydrophilicity of the sugar residue also regulates compost moisture, preventing ammonia volatilization and rancidity caused by carbon-nitrogen imbalance in the compost.

[0007] Polyzyme bacteria: 0.5-2.0 parts; Carbon-based functional bacteria: 0.3-1.5 parts; In the high temperature stage (59-66℃), polytianzyme bacteria degrades complex proteins in livestock and poultry manure by secreting extracellular polysaccharides. The organic acids produced by its metabolism provide precursors for carbon-based functional bacteria (nitrogen-fixing bacteria and anti-pathogens). In the low temperature stage (39-46℃), carbon-based functional bacteria use the decomposition products of ligninase (from complex enzyme nanocapsules) to synthesize iron carriers and propionic acid, inhibiting pathogens and promoting humic acid synthesis.

[0008] Complex enzyme nanocapsules: 0.1-1.0 parts; The chitosan-silica core-shell structure of the complex enzyme nanocapsule achieves enzyme activity protection and triggered release: the silica shell resists thermal denaturation in the high-temperature stage, and the chitosan layer dissolves when the pH drops (5.8-6.7) in the low-temperature stage, accurately releasing ligninase to degrade straw lignin, forming a small molecule carbon source to drive bacterial metabolism.

[0009] Straw biochar carrier: 10-20 parts; The straw biochar carrier achieves efficient bacterial loading and protection through surface modification and pore size regulation. After pretreatment with phosphate buffer, the biochar's surface hydroxyl and carboxyl groups electrostatically adsorb and immobilize the polyunsaturated fatty acid bacteria. Its multi-level pores provide physical protection for the bacteria, preventing damage from the mechanical forces of turning the compost.

[0010] Humic acid-sodium alginate gel: 5-10 parts; During the granulation process, the gel wraps the fermentation product particles, and its humic acid carboxyl groups and the sulfate groups of sodium alginate form a double-layer structure, adsorbing and fixing functional bacteria and enzyme molecules; in the soil environment, the gel gradually swells when it comes into contact with water, releasing active ingredients through pore diffusion, and the coating layer regulates the water penetration rate through hydrophobic effect to avoid sudden release of nutrients.

[0011] Preferably, the composite enzyme nanocapsule is a chitosan-silica core-shell structure, composed of a chitosan solution, a silica sol and an embedded thermostable ligninase, with a shell-core thickness ratio of 1:2.8-1:3.2, an embedded thermostable ligninase activity of 180-220 U / g, and an enzyme loading rate of 83-88%; The optimized shell-core thickness ratio (1:2.8-1:3.2) balances the mechanical strength of the shell with the enzyme loading capacity of the core. The thinner silica layer allows the enzyme molecules to maintain a highly active conformation within the core. Combined with the electrostatic adsorption of chitosan (positively charged amino groups bind to the negatively charged enzyme surface), a high loading rate of 83-88% is achieved. The stability of the enzyme activity (180-220 U / g) depends on the coordinated control of pH (4.5-5.0) and temperature (23-27°C) during the encapsulation process to prevent enzyme denaturation or aggregation and inactivation.

[0012] Preferably, the carbon-based functional bacteria are composed of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and disease-resistant bacteria at a live bacterial count ratio of 0.9:1-1.1:1, and propionic acid accounts for 38-42% of their metabolites; The culture conditions for the poly-tian enzyme bacteria are as follows: a medium pH of 6.8-7.2, an oscillating culture speed of 140-160 rpm, and a culture time of 46-50 hours. Poly-tian enzyme bacteria grow best in a near-neutral environment of pH 6.8-7.2, significantly enhancing the activity of exopolysaccharides and lignin-degrading enzymes secreted by them. The oscillating culture speed regulates dissolved oxygen levels to optimize bacterial metabolic flux and promote enzyme protein synthesis. The 46-50-hour culture time matches the late logarithmic growth phase to the early stationary phase, ensuring the harvest of highly active bacterial culture (enzyme activity ≥180 U / g) while avoiding autolysis caused by over-cultivation.

[0013] Preferably, the humic acid-sodium alginate gel is obtained by dissolving humic acid and sodium alginate in 38-43 parts of deionized water in a mass ratio of 0.9:1-1.1:1, and its dissolution concentration is 4.5-5.5%; the pH of the gel is adjusted to 6.0-6.5, and the approximately equal mass ratio of humic acid and sodium alginate ensures the full combination of the functional groups of the two. The carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups of humic acid and the carboxyl and sulfate groups of sodium alginate form crosslinking points through hydrogen bonds and electrostatic attraction, and the dissolution concentration of 4.5-5.5% regulates the viscosity of the solution so that it can evenly wrap the fermentation product particles during mixing and granulation. The amount of deionized water balances the swelling degree and mechanical strength by adjusting the solid-liquid ratio to form a three-dimensional network with a pore size of 50-200nm. Adjusting the gel pH to 6.0-6.5 can inhibit the electrostatic repulsion between humic acid molecular chains and promote its tight crosslinking with sodium alginate. In this pH range, the carboxyl group ionization degree of sodium alginate is moderate, which not only retains the negative charge to adsorb positively charged functional bacteria, but also avoids gel swelling and rupture caused by excessive ionization.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for producing a polytian enzyme carbon-based bacteria bio-organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps: S1. Raw material processing and mixing: livestock and poultry manure, straw and sugar residue are processed and mixed; S2. Material Preparation: Synthesis of Composite Enzyme Nanocapsules, Preparation of Straw Biochar, and Loading of Carbon-Based Functional Bacteria; S3. Two-stage intelligent fermentation: Phase 1: high-temperature decomposition and addition of poly-enzyme bacteria and nanocapsules; Phase 2: low-temperature expansion of bacteria to trigger enzyme release; S4. Post-processing: the fermentation product is mixed with humic acid gel, granulated and dried.

[0015] Preferably, the raw material processing and mixing includes: The straw is crushed by a hammer mill and filtered through a screen into 2-5 mm particles. The impact and shearing action of the hammer mill destroys the crystallization area of the straw fiber, exposing more lignin and cellulose binding sites, providing a contact interface for the subsequent lignin degradation of the composite enzyme nanocapsules. The screen filtration ensures that the particle distribution is concentrated in the range of 2-5 mm. This particle size range is determined by the porosity (35-40%) and specific surface area (1.2-1.5 m 2 / g), which can maintain the air permeability of the pile while avoiding the problem of compaction caused by too fine particles; The sugar residue is ground into a particle size of ≤1mm by a ball mill and sterilized at 80-85℃ for 10-15min. The grinding action of the ball mill releases the sugars (such as fructose and glucose) in the sugar residue from the plant cell wall. The particles with a particle size of ≤1mm are reduced by increasing the specific surface area (≥3.0m 2 / g) accelerates the dissolution of soluble sugars, providing a rapid metabolic carbon source for functional bacteria. Sterilization at 80-85°C inactivates thermotolerant Bacillus (such as Bacillus subtilis) in the sugar residue through heat denaturation, while retaining the activity of small molecule sugars (Maillard reaction inhibition). Short sterilization times of 10-15 minutes reduce the risk of sugar caramelization and avoid carbon source loss. Livestock and poultry manure is filtered through a screw conveyor to remove impurities, with particle sizes >5mm. It is then sterilized at 70-75°C for 20-30 minutes. The propulsion of the screw conveyor's blades, combined with screen filtration, removes inert impurities >5mm, such as undigested fiber and sand, from the manure, reducing mechanical wear during the fermentation process. Sterilization at 70-75°C inactivates pathogens through moist heat while retaining heat-resistant microorganisms and organic nitrogen components (such as urea and amino acids) in the manure. The 20-30 minute sterilization time matches the temperature-time threshold for protein denaturation, achieving a balance between sterilization and retention of active ingredients. The processed straw, sugar residue and livestock and poultry manure are mixed in a twin-shaft mixer to obtain a raw material mixture at a stirring rate of 25-35rpm for 30-40min and a humidity of 55-65%. The humidity of the raw material mixture is adjusted by leachate recovery water. The counter-rotating blades of the twin-shaft mixer homogenize the straw, sugar residue and livestock and poultry manure through shear and convection. The speed of 25-35rpm avoids secondary crushing of particles caused by high-speed stirring. The humidity of 55-65% is adjusted by leachate recovery water. The humic acid precursors and trace nutrients (such as Fe 2+ 、Zn 2+ ) Promote the initial colonization of functional bacteria.

[0016] Preferably, the preparation of the composite enzyme nanocapsules comprises the following steps: Prepare chitosan solution: Dissolve chitosan with a deacetylation degree of ≥90% in a 1% acetic acid solution and adjust the pH to 4.5-5.0. The chitosan concentration is 1.5-2.5%. Chitosan with a deacetylation degree of ≥90% is fully dissolved in the 1% acetic acid solution (pH 4.5-5.0), and the amino groups on the molecular chains are protonated to form a positively charged surface. This pH range (close to the isoelectric point of chitosan) inhibits excessive stretching of the molecular chains, maintaining their linear conformation and facilitating subsequent electrostatic adsorption binding with negatively charged enzyme molecules (ligninase has an isoelectric point of approximately 5.2-5.8). The chitosan concentration (1.5-2.5%) is adjusted by adjusting the solution viscosity (50-200 mPa·s) to balance encapsulation efficiency and capsule structure density: if the concentration is too low, the molecular chains become sparse, leading to enzyme leakage; if the concentration is too high, it hinders the enzyme molecules from entering the network. Preparation of silica sol: Mix 30-35 parts tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), 30-35 parts ethanol, and 30-35 parts purified water, adjust the pH to 7.8-8.5, and allow the mixture to hydrolyze for 2-3 hours at 23-27°C. Under alkaline conditions (pH 7.8-8.5), tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) undergoes a hydrolysis-condensation reaction to form silica sol. Ethanol, as a cosolvent, reduces the interfacial tension between TEOS and the aqueous phase, promoting homogeneous nucleation. Deionized water is used to control the sol particle size (80-120 nm). A reaction temperature of 23-27°C prevents excessive cross-linking of the sol, forming a silica network with a mesoporous structure (pore size 2-5 nm). The internal pores provide space for enzyme molecules, while the dense outer shell (thickness 15-20 nm) blocks heat transfer during the high-temperature phase (59-66°C), protecting the enzyme active centers. Enzyme embedding: The high-temperature resistant ligninase is mixed with the prepared chitosan solution in a mass ratio of 1:4-1:6, and added dropwise to the prepared silica sol at a rate of 0.5-1.0 mL / min. The mixture is magnetically stirred for 25-35 minutes at a stirring speed of 250-350 rpm. During the mixing process, the enzyme molecules are adsorbed on the chitosan chains by electrostatic action to form an "enzyme-chitosan" complex. Low-speed addition reduces the local concentration gradient and avoids enzyme aggregation and inactivation. Magnetic stirring induces the deposition of sol particles on the surface of the complex, forming a core-shell structure through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. The stirring time ensures that the sol fully wraps the enzyme-chitosan complex, while avoiding excessive thickness of the silica layer caused by too long a time, which affects the enzyme release efficiency; Centrifugation and Drying: Centrifuge at 4800-5200 × g for 8-12 minutes. The precipitate is collected and dried at 40-45°C to a moisture content of ≤5% to obtain the complex enzyme nanocapsules. Centrifugation at 4800-5200 × g for 8-12 minutes separates the unencapsulated free enzyme by density differences, while retaining the intact nanocapsules. Vacuum drying at 40-45°C prevents the glass transition temperature of chitosan from being triggered, maintaining the molecular chains' flexibility and preventing drying stress from disrupting the enzyme's conformation. A final product with a moisture content of ≤5% maintains the steric stability of the enzyme's active center by reducing competition between water molecules and the enzyme for hydrogen bonds.

[0017] Preferably, the culture conditions of the polytianzyme bacterial group are: Activation: Inoculate the frozen polytianzyme bacteria population into LB medium and pre-cultivate at pH 6.8-7.2 and 35-37°C for 12-16 hours to activate the bacteria. During the activation phase, LB medium (pH 6.8-7.2) and mild conditions of 35-37°C are used. Nutrient enrichment (yeast extract, peptone) is used to promote the recovery of the frozen bacteria and the synthesis of enzyme proteins (such as lignin peroxidase). The 12-16 hour pre-cultivation period matches the metabolic transition from the lag phase to the logarithmic phase, ensuring peak metabolic activity of the activated bacteria. Expanded culture: Transfer the activated bacteria to the fermentation tank at a 5-7% inoculation rate, control the culture medium pH to 6.8-7.2, the temperature to 59-61°C, the shaking culture speed to 140-160rpm, and the culture time to 46-50h to obtain the polytianzyme bacterial solution. During the expanded culture stage, the temperature is raised to 59-61°C, combined with shaking culture (140-160rpm) to form a high temperature and high oxygen stress environment. This condition selects heat-resistant strains and induces them to secrete heat shock proteins (HSPs), enhancing the adaptability of the bacteria to the subsequent high-temperature fermentation stage (59-66°C). The 46-50h culture cycle covers the logarithmic growth phase to the stationary phase of the bacteria, harvesting high-density bacterial solution and avoiding the loss of activity caused by autolysis of the bacteria during the decay phase; Metabolite control: Monitor the dissolved oxygen content by online dissolved oxygen probe to >30%, ensuring that propionic acid accounts for 38-42% of the metabolites. Dissolved oxygen control restricts anaerobic metabolic pathways (such as lactic acid fermentation), directs carbon flow into the TCA cycle, and promotes the accumulation of propionic acid precursors (succinic acid), ensuring that propionic acid accounts for 38-42% of the metabolites; Carrier pretreatment: The straw biochar carrier is immersed in an auxiliary agent, and the oscillation speed is maintained at 100-120 rpm for 1-2 hours. The auxiliary agent is a phosphate buffer with a pH of 6.0-6.5. The lipoteichoic acid in the cell wall of the polysaccharide bacteria is positively charged and binds to the carrier surface through electrostatic adsorption. The oscillation intensity of 100-120 rpm enhances the liquid-solid mass transfer efficiency. The immersion time of 1-2 hours ensures that the buffer fully penetrates the micropores of the biochar (pore diameter <50nm), providing anchoring points for bacterial loading; Loading process: The resulting poly-tianase bacterial solution is adsorbed on a pretreated straw biochar carrier under oscillation at 23-27°C and 110-130 rpm for 1.8-2.2 hours to produce the poly-tianase-loaded biochar. During the loading phase (23-27°C and 110-130 rpm), weak oscillation is used to prevent mechanical damage to the bacteria and promote uniform contact between the bacterial solution and the carrier. The 1.8-2.2-hour adsorption time matches the secretion cycle of bacterial surface adhesins (such as pili), achieving initial biofilm formation. Post-loading treatment: Use centrifugation and maintain the centrifugation conditions at 3000-3500×g and a centrifugation time of 5-8 minutes to remove non-adsorbed bacteria, and store at 4-6°C for use after centrifugation. Centrifugation (3000-3500×g, 5-8 minutes) separates non-adsorbed bacteria by differential sedimentation, and low-temperature storage at 4-6°C inhibits bacterial metabolic activity and avoids excessive nutrient consumption during the pre-loading stage.

[0018] Preferably, the two-stage intelligent fermentation includes: Adding composite enzyme nanocapsules and polytianzyme bacteria loaded biochar into the raw material mixture; Compost turning is coordinated by electric heating belts and a compost turning machine, with a temperature controlled at 59-66°C and a turning frequency of every four hours. This temperature range matches the optimal growth temperature of poly-tianzyme bacteria (60-65°C). The heat-resistant extracellular enzymes (such as proteases and amylases) secreted by the bacteria accelerate the decomposition of complex organic matter in livestock and poultry manure. Turning every four hours breaks up material clumps through mechanical shearing, promotes even oxygen distribution, and avoids mechanical damage to the bacteria caused by excessive turning. Real-time monitoring of oxygen concentration. When the oxygen concentration is less than 10%, pulse aeration is started. Each aeration time is 25-35 seconds, with an interval of 1.8-2.2 hours. When the volatile solid degradation rate is ≥45%, both turning and aeration are stopped. Real-time oxygen concentration monitoring (less than 10%) triggers pulse aeration (25-35 seconds / 1.8-2.2 hours). Short-term high-oxygen injection (DO instantaneously greater than 25%) activates the aerobic metabolism of polyoxygenase bacteria, inhibits the proliferation of anaerobic spoilage bacteria, and reduces energy consumption and heat loss caused by continuous aeration. When the first phase ends, leachate re-injection is initiated, while the pile is slowly stirred and sprayed onto the pile via a peristaltic pump, adjusting its humidity to 42-48%. The leachate, rich in small-molecule organic acids and nitrogen sources (such as ammonium acetate and amino acids), is evenly infiltrated into the pile via spraying and slow stirring (at a speed of 5-10 rpm) via a peristaltic pump, maintaining the humidity at 42-48%. This humidity range creates an alternating water-air film structure through capillary action and surface tension, satisfying the proliferation requirements of carbon-based functional bacteria (nitrogen-fixing bacteria and anti-pathogens) while preventing oxygen diffusion from being hindered due to over-humidity. When the pH of the pile drops to 5.8-6.7, the chitosan layer of the complex enzyme nanocapsule will be dissolved by acid and the embedded ligninase will leak out. At this time, the lignin in the pile can be quickly decomposed, and the reducing sugar concentration will increase. When the number of viable bacteria is ≥2.0×10 8 Fermentation stops when the CFU (Central Units) and humic acid content ≥12%, resulting in the production of a polytianase carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer. As the pH of the compost drops to 5.8-6.7 (due to organic acid accumulation), the amino groups in the chitosan layer protonate and dissolve, releasing the entrapped ligninase. Ligninase catalyzes the cleavage of β-O-4 bonds in the straw, generating small carbon sources such as guaiacol and coniferyl alcohol, driving the exponential growth of carbon-based functional bacteria. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert nitrogen gas into ammonium nitrogen, which reacts with propionic acid secreted by antibacterial bacteria through an esterification reaction to form a humic acid precursor (phenolic acid-propionic acid complex), which is then catalyzed and polymerized on the biochar surface to form humic acid (content ≥12%).

[0019] Preferably, the post-processing includes: The polytian enzyme carbon-based bacteria bio-organic fertilizer is crushed to a particle size of ≤0.5mm and stirred with the humic acid-sodium alginate gel until completely mixed. The temperature is controlled at 30-35℃ and a twin-screw extruder is used for molding. The pore size is 2-3mm and the rotation speed is 20-30rpm. The fermentation product is crushed to a particle size of ≤0.5mm to enhance its interfacial bonding with the humic acid-sodium alginate gel by increasing the specific surface area. The temperature control of 30-35℃ maintains the sol-gel equilibrium state of the gel: if the temperature is too low (<30℃), the gel viscosity will be too high and the mixing will be uneven; if the temperature is too high (>35℃), it will cause the gel to pre-crosslink and reduce the embedding efficiency. The shear-extrusion effect of the twin-screw extruder (rotation speed 20-30rpm) plasticizes the mixture into particles for extrusion; The granules are placed in a fluidized bed dryer. The first drying stage is performed at a temperature of 40-45°C, a wind speed of 1.5-2.0 m / s, and a drying time of 30-40 minutes to reduce the moisture content to 15-18%. The first high-temperature drying stage (40-45°C, a wind speed of 1.5-2.0 m / s) rapidly removes surface free water through forced convection, reducing the moisture content to 15-18%, thereby preventing the coating from peeling due to excessive moisture. The short high-temperature drying stage (30-40 minutes) reduces thermal damage to the functional bacteria (bacterial survival rate ≥ 85%). The second stage of drying is carried out at a temperature of 35-38°C, a wind speed of 0.5-1.0 m / s, and a drying time of 20-30 minutes, to reduce the moisture content to ≤10%. The second stage of low-temperature drying (35-38°C, a wind speed of 0.5-1.0 m / s) removes bound water by diffusion, reducing the moisture content to ≤10%. The wind speed is reduced during this stage to prevent cracking of the particle surface and maintain the integrity of the lipid bilayer structure of the bacterial cell membrane. Chitosan and paraffin are heated and melted in a mass ratio of 1:2-1:3 to form a coating solution. The amino groups of chitosan and the alkane chains of paraffin form an interpenetrating network through van der Waals forces; The coating liquid is evenly applied to the granules using a centrifugal coater at 200-300 rpm. The coating thickness is 50-80 μm, and the coating weight gain is 3-5%. Centrifugal force in the centrifugal coater (200-300 rpm) evenly coats the granules, forming a dense, hydrophobic double layer of 50-80 μm: the inner chitosan layer absorbs humic acid through hydrogen bonds; the hydrophobic chains of the outer paraffin layer block water penetration. The coating weight gain of 3-5% is controlled by the coordinated control of solution concentration and centrifugal speed to balance sustained-release performance and granule air permeability. After coating, the granules are aged at 25-30°C for 22-26 hours to form a sustained-release structure. The chitosan segments undergo a glass transition at 25-30°C, increasing molecular chain flexibility and improving compatibility with paraffin, forming a continuous, defect-free sustained-release film. The 22-26 hour aging time matches the crystallization kinetics of chitosan, increasing the tensile strength of the coating layer.

[0020] The present invention provides a polytian enzyme carbon-based bacteria bio-organic fertilizer and a production method thereof. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention drives the efficient degradation of lignin and the directional condensation of humic acid precursors through the directional metabolic synergy of polyenzyme bacteria and carbon-based functional bacteria, breaking through the technical bottlenecks of low lignin utilization and unclear humic acid synthesis pathway in traditional fermentation, achieving a significant increase in the humic acid content in organic fertilizer, and enhancing soil improvement and crop resistance.

[0021] 2. Based on the multi-level pore structure and surface charge regulation of straw biochar carrier, it can effectively load and protect functional bacteria, avoid damage to the bacteria caused by high-temperature fermentation and mechanical turning, ensure the survival rate and metabolic activity of the bacteria in complex environments, and extend the functional timeliness of organic fertilizer.

[0022] 3. Through the hydrophobic-hydrophilic synergistic effect of the chitosan-paraffin composite coating layer, the nutrient ion release rate is precisely controlled to avoid the loss and seedling burning caused by the sudden release of nutrients in traditional organic fertilizers, meet the progressive nutritional needs of crops throughout their growth period, and improve fertilizer utilization.

[0023] 4. The two-stage intelligent fermentation process achieves spatiotemporal decoupling and synergistic efficiency of the bacteria-enzyme metabolic pathway through dynamic temperature-pH regulation, significantly shortening the fermentation cycle, reducing the energy consumption and manual intervention requirements of traditional high-temperature composting, and is suitable for large-scale production.

[0024] 5. The dual protection mechanism of the composite coating layer and the biochar carrier effectively blocks the interference of external humidity, oxygen and miscellaneous bacteria on the functional bacterial flora, ensures the stability of organic fertilizer during long-term storage and transportation, avoids bacterial inactivation and nutrient degradation, and improves the commercial applicability of the product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Flowchart of the production method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the specification of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available or can be prepared by known methods.

[0028] Please see the attached Figure 1 : Example 1: Raw material ratio: livestock and poultry manure: 81 parts; straw: 15.5 parts; sugar residue: 5.0 parts; poly-enzyme bacteria: 1.25 parts; carbon-based functional bacteria (nitrogen-fixing bacteria: anti-pathogens = 1:1): 0.9 parts; complex enzyme nanocapsules (shell-core ratio 1:3.0, enzyme activity 200U / g): 0.55 parts; straw biochar carrier: 15 parts; humic acid-sodium alginate gel (mass ratio 1:1, dissolved concentration 5.0%): 7.5 parts.

[0029] Preparation steps: 1. Raw material processing and mixing: The straw was crushed into 3 mm particles, the sugar residue was ground into 0.8 mm particles, and sterilized at 80 °C for 12 min; Remove impurities >5mm from livestock and poultry manure and sterilize at 72℃ for 25min; The raw materials were mixed (stirring rate 30 rpm, humidity 60%, time 35 min).

[0030] 2. Preparation of materials: Preparation of complex enzyme nanocapsules: Chitosan solution: 2.0% concentration, pH 4.8; Silica sol: 32.5 parts each of ethyl orthosilicate / ethanol / water, pH 8.2, hydrolyzed at 25°C for 2.5 hours; Enzyme embedding: enzyme solution to chitosan solution mass ratio 1:5, dropwise addition rate 0.75 mL / min, stirring 300 rpm × 30 min; Centrifuge (5000×g×10 min) and dry (42°C to 5% water content).

[0031] Polyzyme bacteria culture and loading: Bacteria activation: pH 7.0, 36°C × 14h; Expansion culture: pH 7.0, 60°C, 150 rpm × 48 h, dissolved oxygen > 30%; Biochar pretreatment: pH 6.3 phosphate buffer, shaking at 110 rpm for 1.5 h; Load: 25°C, 120 rpm × 2 h, centrifugation (3250 × g × 6.5 min).

[0032] 3. Two-stage intelligent fermentation: Stage 1: Constant temperature at 62°C, compost turning every 4 hours, pulse aeration 30 seconds every 2 hours (triggered when dissolved oxygen < 10%), until volatile solids are degraded by 45%; Stage 2: When the pH drops to 6.2, leachate re-injection is started, the humidity is adjusted to 45%, and stirring is slow (20 rpm). The process is terminated when the viable bacterial count reaches 2.0×108 CFU / g and the humic acid content reaches 12%.

[0033] 4. Post-processing: Crushed to 0.5 mm, mixed with gel (32 °C), and granulated by twin-screw extruder (aperture 2.5 mm, 25 rpm); Two-stage drying: 42°C × 35 min (moisture content 16%) → 36°C × 25 min (moisture content 10%); Coating solution (chitosan: paraffin = 1:2.5), centrifugal coating (250 rpm, thickness 65 μm, weight gain 4%); Mature at 27℃×24h.

[0034] Example 2 Raw material ratio: livestock and poultry manure: 80 parts; straw: 15 parts; sugar residue: 4.5 parts; poly-tian enzyme bacteria: 0.5 parts; carbon-based functional bacteria (nitrogen-fixing bacteria: anti-pathogens = 0.9:1): 0.3 parts; complex enzyme nanocapsules (shell-core ratio 1:2.8, enzyme activity 180U / g): 0.1 parts; straw biochar carrier: 10 parts; humic acid-sodium alginate gel (mass ratio 0.9:1, dissolved concentration 4.5%): 5 parts.

[0035] Preparation steps: 1. Raw material processing and mixing: The straw was crushed to 2 mm, the sugar residue was ground to 0.5 mm, and sterilized at 80 °C for 10 min; Remove impurities >5mm from livestock and poultry manure and sterilize at 70℃ for 20min; The raw materials were mixed (stirring rate 25 rpm, humidity 55%, time 30 min).

[0036] 2. Preparation of materials: Preparation of complex enzyme nanocapsules: Chitosan solution: 1.5% concentration, pH 4.5; Silica sol: 30 parts each of ethyl orthosilicate / ethanol / water, pH 7.8, hydrolyzed at 23°C for 2 hours; Enzyme embedding: enzyme solution to chitosan solution mass ratio 1:4, dropwise addition rate 0.5 mL / min, stirring 250 rpm × 25 min; Centrifuge (4800×g×8min) and dry (40℃ to 5% water content).

[0037] Polyzyme bacteria culture and loading: Bacteria activation: pH 6.8, 35°C × 12h; Expansion culture: pH 6.8, 59°C, 140 rpm × 46 h, dissolved oxygen > 30%; Biochar pretreatment: pH 6.0 phosphate buffer, shaking at 100 rpm for 1 h; Load: 23°C, 110 rpm × 1.8 h, centrifugation (3000 × g × 5 min).

[0038] 3. Two-stage intelligent fermentation: Stage 1: Constant temperature at 59°C, turning the compost every 4 hours, pulse aeration 25 seconds / 1.8 hours, until volatile solids are degraded by 45%; Phase 2: Leachate recirculation to adjust humidity to 42%, pH 5.8 to trigger enzyme release, and viable bacterial count 2.0×10 8 CFU / g, terminated at 12% humic acid content.

[0039] 4. Post-processing: Crushed to 0.5 mm, mixed with gel (30 ° C), and granulated with a twin-screw extruder (aperture 2 mm, 20 rpm); Two-stage drying: 40°C × 30 min (moisture content 15%) → 35°C × 20 min (moisture content 10%); Coating solution (chitosan: paraffin = 1:2), centrifugal coating (200 rpm, thickness 50 μm, weight gain 3%); Mature at 25℃ for 24h.

[0040] Example 3: Raw material ratio: livestock and poultry manure: 82 parts; straw: 16 parts; sugar residue: 5.5 parts; poly-tian enzyme bacteria: 2.0 parts; carbon-based functional bacteria (nitrogen-fixing bacteria: anti-pathogens = 1.1:1): 1.5 parts; complex enzyme nanocapsules (shell-core ratio 1:3.2, enzyme activity 220U / g): 1.0 parts; straw biochar carrier: 20 parts; humic acid-sodium alginate gel (mass ratio 1.1:1, dissolved concentration 5.5%): 10 parts.

[0041] Preparation steps: 1. Raw material processing and mixing: The straw was crushed to 5 mm, the sugar residue was ground to 1 mm, and sterilized at 85 °C for 15 min; Remove impurities >5mm from livestock and poultry manure and sterilize at 75℃ for 30min; The raw materials were mixed (stirring speed 35 rpm, humidity 65%, time 40 min).

[0042] 2. Preparation of materials: Preparation of complex enzyme nanocapsules: Chitosan solution: 2.5% concentration, pH 5.0; Silica sol: 35 parts each of ethyl orthosilicate / ethanol / water, pH 8.5, hydrolyzed at 27°C for 3 hours; Enzyme embedding: enzyme solution to chitosan solution mass ratio 1:6, dropwise addition rate 1.0 mL / min, stirring 350 rpm × 35 min; Centrifuge (5200×g×12 min) and dry (45°C to 5% water content).

[0043] Polyzyme bacteria culture and loading: Bacteria activation: pH 7.2, 37°C × 16h; Expansion culture: pH 7.2, 61°C, 160 rpm × 50 h, dissolved oxygen > 30%; Biochar pretreatment: pH 6.5 phosphate buffer, shaking at 120 rpm for 2 h; Load: 27°C, 130 rpm × 2.2 h, centrifugation (3500 × g × 8 min).

[0044] 3. Two-stage intelligent fermentation: Stage 1: Constant temperature of 66°C, turning the compost every 4 hours, pulse aeration 35 seconds every 2.2 hours, until volatile solids are degraded by 45%; Phase 2: Leachate re-injection to adjust humidity to 48%, pH 6.7 to trigger enzyme release, and viable bacterial count 2.0×10 8 CFU / g, terminated at 12% humic acid content.

[0045] 4. Post-processing: Crushed to 0.5 mm, mixed with gel (35 ° C), and granulated by twin-screw extruder (aperture 3 mm, 30 rpm); Two-stage drying: 45°C × 40 min (moisture content 18%) → 38°C × 30 min (moisture content 10%); Coating solution (chitosan: paraffin = 1:3), centrifugal coating (300 rpm, thickness 80 μm, weight gain 5%); Mature at 30℃×24h.

[0046] Comparative Example 1: Compared with Example 1, the difference is that no poly-enzyme bacterial community is added, only the carbon-based functional bacterial community is retained, and the other components and process parameters are the same.

[0047] Comparative Example 2: Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the complex enzyme nanocapsules are replaced by unencapsulated free thermostable ligninase (0.55 parts of free enzyme are directly added, with an activity of 200 U / g), and the chitosan-silica embedding step is omitted. The rest are the same.

[0048] Comparative Example 3: Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the straw biochar carrier is omitted, and the polytianase bacterial liquid is directly added to the raw material mixture. The rest are the same.

[0049] Comparative Example 4: Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the two-stage intelligent fermentation is changed to a single-stage constant temperature fermentation (62±2°C throughout the process, without pH triggering and leachate re-injection steps), and the rest are the same.

[0050] Comparative Example 5: Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the chitosan-paraffin coating step is omitted in the post-treatment, and the uncoated particles are directly used. The rest are the same.

[0051] Test Example 1: Experimental steps: Experimental groups and treatments: Example 1 group: same as Example 1.

[0052] Comparative Example 1: prepared according to Example 1, but without adding the poly-tian enzyme bacterial community, only retaining the carbon-based functional bacterial community.

[0053] Comparative Example 2: prepared according to Example 1, but using free enzyme instead of complex enzyme nanocapsules.

[0054] Comparative Example 3: The preparation was carried out according to Example 1, but the straw biochar carrier was omitted and the bacterial liquid was directly added to the raw materials.

[0055] Fermentation condition control: The fermentation period was standardized to 15 days (Example 1) or extended to 18-20 days (the comparative example group achieved the same volatile solid degradation rate).

[0056] Environmental conditions: temperature 23-27℃, humidity 60-70%.

[0057] Sample collection and processing: Fermentation endpoint samples: Take 3 parallel samples from each group, mix them evenly and then divide them into smaller packages for testing.

[0058] Pre-test treatment: Humic acid content: Take 10g sample and perform water extraction and acid precipitation according to GB / T35107-2017; Viable bacteria count: Take 5 g of sample, dilute and inoculate into LB solid medium (cultivate at 35°C for 48 h); Lignin degradation rate: dry samples were taken and residual lignin was determined by the sulfuric acid method (initial lignin content was 18.5%); Propionic acid content: The fermentation broth was centrifuged and the supernatant was filtered through a 0.22 μm filter membrane and analyzed by GC-MS (see Table 1 for experimental results).

[0059] Table 1: Test Example 1 Bacteria-enzyme-carrier synergistic function verification data table From Table 1, we can get: During the high-temperature fermentation stage, the polytian enzyme consortium efficiently decomposes lignin through a thermostable metabolic pathway. Its metabolite, propionic acid, not only inhibits the proliferation of putrefactive bacteria but also serves as a precursor for humic acid synthesis, driving carbon skeleton reconstruction. The core-shell structure of the complex enzyme nanocapsules triggers enzyme release when the pH drops in stage two, precisely matching the lignin degradation requirements and avoiding enzyme inactivation caused by high temperatures in stage one. Experimental data showed that its lignin degradation rate (61.2%) was significantly higher than that of the free enzyme system (19.8%), confirming the irreplaceable nature of pH-responsive controlled release.

[0060] The straw biochar carrier was pretreated with phosphate buffer (pH 6.3) to optimize the surface charge distribution (Zeta potential -28 mV), enhancing the electrostatic adsorption efficiency of the poly-tianase bacteria (loading rate ≥ 90%). The carrier's multi-level pore structure (pore size 10-50 μm) buffered mechanical shock during the turning process and created a localized microaerobic environment (dissolved oxygen > 30%), ensuring the survival rate of the bacteria at high temperatures (2.1×10 8 CFU / g). In Comparative Example 3, due to the lack of carrier, the bacteria were directly exposed to high temperature and shear force, and the number of viable bacteria decreased by 71.4% (0.6×10 8 CFU / g), and the humic acid synthesis rate was reduced by 17.9%, which proved that the carrier is crucial for the physical protection of functional bacteria and maintenance of metabolic activity.

[0061] The synergistic effect of poly-enzyme bacteria and carbon-based functional bacteria (nitrogen-fixing bacteria: anti-pathogens = 1:1) is achieved through a balanced propionic acid metabolic pathway. In Comparative Example 1, the absence of poly-enzyme bacteria resulted in an imbalance in carbon-based bacterial metabolism, with an abnormally high propionic acid content (52.6%), inhibiting the synthesis of humic acid precursors (8.7%). In Example 1, however, the dual bacterial communities synergistically controlled the propionic acid content to 38-42%, maintaining the antibacterial effect while directing carbon flow towards humic acid synthesis, resulting in a final humic acid content of 12.3%.

[0062] Test Example 2: Experimental steps: Experimental groups and treatments: Example 1 group: operated according to the two-stage intelligent fermentation process.

[0063] Comparative Example 4: single-stage constant temperature fermentation throughout the entire process.

[0064] Fermentation condition control: Example 1: Stage 1: Constant temperature of 62°C, turning the compost every 4 hours, and pulse aeration of 30 seconds every 2 hours (triggered when dissolved oxygen < 10%) until volatile solids are degraded by 45%; Stage 2: When the pH drops to 6.2, leachate re-injection is started, the humidity is adjusted to 45%, and stirring is slow (20 rpm). The process is terminated when the viable bacterial count reaches 2.0×108 CFU / g and the humic acid content reaches 12%.

[0065] Comparative Example 4: The temperature was kept constant at 62±2°C throughout the whole process, the compost was turned every 4 hours, and there was no pH control or leachate reinjection.

[0066] Sample collection and testing: Sampling at the end of stage 1: Take samples from the middle of the fermentation pile to detect the residual enzyme activity rate; Phase 2 Daily sampling: Samples were taken for 5 consecutive days to determine the humic acid increment and calculate the synthesis rate; Fermentation endpoint determination: The volatile solid degradation rate ≥ 45% is taken as the endpoint, and the total fermentation days are recorded.

[0067] Detection method: Residual enzyme activity rate: The activity of thermostable ligninase in the sample in stage 1 was determined by DNS method (compared with the initial activity); Humic acid synthesis rate: The daily humic acid increment was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and the average value was taken (mg / g·d); Fermentation cycle: record the number of days from start-up to when the volatile solid degradation rate reaches the standard (see Table 2 for experimental results).

[0068] Table 2: Test Example 2 Two-stage Fermentation Process Verification Data From Table 2, we can get: During the first stage of pyrolysis, the silica shell of the complex enzyme nanocapsules effectively blocks heat-induced denaturation of the enzyme protein through hydrophobic interactions and pore confinement. Experimental data showed that the residual enzyme activity at the end of stage one reached 92.5%, significantly higher than the 38.6% achieved with the single-stage process. During this stage, the polyenzyme bacterial community expanded under high temperature and high dissolved oxygen (>30%) conditions. The metabolite propionic acid (39.8%) inhibited the growth of other bacteria, laying the foundation for humic acid synthesis in stage two.

[0069] In stage two, pH-triggered enzyme release occurs through acid-responsive dissolution of the chitosan layer, precisely releasing the encapsulated, heat-resistant ligninase and driving the rapid degradation of lignin into reducing sugars, providing a sufficient carbon skeleton for humic acid synthesis. In Comparative Example 4, high temperature suppressed the pH drop (>7.0) throughout the process, and the enzyme remained enclosed in the nanocapsule. The lignin degradation rate was only 19.8%, resulting in a humic acid synthesis rate (0.39 mg / g·d) less than half that of Example 1. This two-stage process optimizes the metabolic pathway of "decomposition first, synthesis later" through spatiotemporal decoupling control, shortening the fermentation cycle by 32.3% and significantly improving efficiency.

[0070] The dynamic parameter synergy is further reflected in the leachate reinjection and humidity control during Phase 2. Humic acid precursors and reducing sugars in the reinjection liquid undergo coordinated metabolism by poly-enzyme bacteria and carbon-based functional bacteria in a low-temperature, slightly acidic environment, leading to the targeted condensation of humic acid macromolecules. However, the single-stage constant temperature process lacks phased regulation of pH and temperature, leading to interrupted bacterial-enzyme synergy and disrupted carbon flow, resulting in a final humic acid content of only 50-60% of that in Example 1.

[0071] Test Example 3: Experimental steps: Experimental groups and treatments: Example 1: coated particles (chitosan: paraffin = 1:2.5, centrifugal coating = 250 rpm, thickness 65 μm, weight gain 4%).

[0072] Comparative Example 5: Uncoated granules, other preparation steps were the same as those in Example 1.

[0073] Storage stability test: Storage conditions: temperature 25±2℃, humidity 60±5%, store away from light for 3 months; Sampling and testing: Take samples before storage and every month to test the number of viable bacteria (CFU / g).

[0074] Sustained release performance test: Simulated leaching experiment: 10 g of particles were placed in 500 mL of deionized water and shaken at 25 °C (100 rpm); The supernatant was collected weekly to determine the total nitrogen and total phosphorus release (Kjeldahl method, molybdenum antimony spectrophotometry); The number of weeks required for 80% of the total nutrients (N+P2O5+K2O) to be released was recorded.

[0075] Mechanical strength test: Instrument: Texture analyzer (TA.XTPlus, probe P / 36); Parameters: test speed 1mm / s, trigger force 5g, compression distance 2mm; Sampling: 30 particles were randomly selected, the crushing strength (N) was measured, and the average value was taken (see Table 3 for experimental results).

[0076] Table 3: Test Example 3 Coating Layer Performance Verification Data From Table 3 we can get: The hydrophobic-hydrophilic bilayer structure of the coating achieves functional synergy through interfacial engineering: the outer paraffin layer forms a dense hydrophobic barrier, blocking external moisture penetration (experimental data show a 41.8% increase in storage survival rate), while the inner chitosan layer responds to changes in environmental pH by protonating amino groups, regulating the exchange rate of nutrient ions (extending the sustained-release period by 100%). The coating's physical coverage of the particle surface significantly enhances mechanical strength (increasing crushing resistance by 82.2%). This mechanism of action lies in the synergistic effect of the paraffin wax's rigid support and the chitosan's viscoelastic properties, forming a continuous interfacial bonding network that effectively resists external stress impacts.

[0077] The improvement of bacterial survival rate further demonstrates the environmental isolation effect of the coating layer. The paraffin layer blocks oxygen penetration (oxygen permeability < 5cm 3 / m 2 day), reducing aerobic metabolic losses during storage. Furthermore, chitosan's antibacterial properties (inhibition rate against E. coli >90%) reduce the competitive proliferation of contaminants, thus ensuring the activity of the functional bacterial community. Experimental data showed that moisture penetration in uncoated granules increases bacterial water activity (Aw > 0.85), accelerating metabolic dormancy and death (with a survival rate of only 60.3%). However, moisture isolation in coated granules (internal Aw < 0.75) maintains bacterial metabolic homeostasis, resulting in a survival rate of 85.5%. This result confirms that the coating, through a physico-chemical-biological synergistic mechanism, systematically improves the functional stability and field suitability of organic fertilizers.

[0078] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A polyenzyme carbon-based bacteria bio-organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: Livestock and poultry manure: 80-82 parts; Straw: 15-16 parts; Sugar residue: 4.5-5.5 parts; Polyzyme bacteria: 0.5-2.0 parts; Carbon-based functional bacteria: 0.3-1.5 parts; Complex enzyme nanocapsules: 0.1-1.0 parts; Straw biochar carrier: 10-20 parts; Humic acid-sodium alginate gel: 5-10 parts.

2. A polyenzyme carbon-based bacteria bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite enzyme nanocapsule has a chitosan-silica core-shell structure, consisting of a chitosan solution, silica sol and embedded thermostable ligninase, with a shell-core thickness ratio of 1:2.8-1:3.2, an embedded thermostable ligninase activity of 180-220 U / g, and an enzyme loading rate of 83-88%.

3. A polyenzyme carbon-based bacteria bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon-based functional bacteria are composed of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and disease-resistant bacteria at a live bacterial count ratio of 0.9:1-1.1:1, and propionic acid accounts for 38-42% of their metabolites; The culture conditions of the polytianase bacteria are: culture medium pH 6.8-7.2; shaking culture speed 140-160 rpm; culture time 46-50 hours.

4. A polyenzyme carbon-based bacteria bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The humic acid-sodium alginate gel is obtained by dissolving humic acid and sodium alginate in 38-43 parts of deionized water at a mass ratio of 0.9:1-1.1:1, with a dissolution concentration of 4.5-5.5%. The pH of the gel is adjusted to 6.0-6.

5.

5. A method for producing polytian enzyme carbon-based bacteria bio-organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The method for preparing the polytian enzyme carbon-based bacteria bio-organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4 comprises the following steps: Mixing livestock and poultry manure, straw and sugar residue after processing; Synthesize complex enzyme nanocapsules, prepare straw biochar and load carbon-based functional bacteria; In the first stage, high temperature decomposition is performed to add poly-enzyme bacteria and nanocapsules, and in the second stage, low temperature expansion is performed to trigger enzyme release; The fermentation product is mixed with humic acid gel, granulated and dried.

6. The method for producing a polytian enzyme carbon-based bacteria bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: Raw material handling and mixing includes: The straw is crushed by a hammer mill and filtered through a sieve into 2-5 mm particles; Grind the sugar residue to a particle size of ≤1 mm using a ball mill and sterilize at 80-85°C for 10-15 min; The livestock and poultry manure is filtered through a screw conveyor to remove impurities, with a particle size of >5mm, and sterilized at 70-75℃ for 20-30min; The treated straw, sugar residue and livestock and poultry manure are mixed in a double-shaft mixer to obtain a raw material mixture at a stirring rate of 25-35 rpm for 30-40 min and a humidity of 55-65%. The humidity of the raw material mixture is adjusted by leachate recovery water.

7. The method for producing a polytian enzyme carbon-based bacteria bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation of the composite enzyme nanocapsules comprises the following steps: Prepare chitosan solution: dissolve chitosan with a deacetylation degree of ≥90% in 1% acetic acid solution, adjust the pH to 4.5-5.0, and the chitosan concentration to 1.5-2.5%; Preparation of silica sol: Mix 30-35 parts of ethyl orthosilicate, 30-35 parts of ethanol and 30-35 parts of purified water, adjust the pH to 7.8-8.5, and hydrolyze at 23-27°C for 2-3 hours; Enzyme embedding: The thermostable ligninase was mixed with the prepared chitosan solution at a mass ratio of 1:4-1:6, and added dropwise to the prepared silica sol at a rate of 0.5-1.0 mL / min, and magnetically stirred for 25-35 min at a stirring speed of 250-350 rpm; Centrifugation and drying: The centrifugation conditions are 4800-5200×g and the centrifugation time is 8-12 min. The precipitate is collected and dried at 40-45° C. to a moisture content of ≤5% to obtain the complex enzyme nanocapsules.

8. The method for producing a polytian enzyme carbon-based bacteria bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The culture conditions of the poly-enzyme bacterial group are: Activation of bacteria: inoculate the frozen polytianzyme bacteria population into LB medium, pre-culture at pH 6.8-7.2 and temperature 35-37°C for 12-16 hours to obtain activated bacteria; Expand the culture: transfer the activated bacteria to the fermentation tank at a 5-7% inoculation rate, control the culture medium pH at 6.8-7.2, the temperature at 59-61°C, the shaking culture speed at 140-160 rpm, and the culture time at 46-50 hours to obtain the polytianzyme bacterial solution; Metabolite control: Monitor the dissolved oxygen content by online dissolved oxygen probe to be >30%, ensuring that propionic acid accounts for 38-42% of the metabolites; Carrier pretreatment: The straw biochar carrier is immersed in an auxiliary agent, and the oscillation speed is 100-120 rpm for 1-2 hours. The auxiliary agent is a phosphate buffer with a pH of 6.0-6.5; Loading process: The obtained poly-tianase bacterial solution and the pretreated straw biochar carrier are oscillated and adsorbed at 23-27°C and 110-130 rpm for 1.8-2.2 hours to obtain poly-tianase bacterial loaded biochar; Post-loading treatment: Use centrifugation and maintain the centrifugation conditions at 3000-3500×g for 5-8 minutes to remove unadsorbed bacteria, and store at 4-6°C after centrifugation until use.

9. The method for producing a polyenzyme carbon-based bacteria bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 5, wherein: The two-stage intelligent fermentation comprises: Adding composite enzyme nanocapsules and polytianzyme bacteria loaded biochar into the raw material mixture; The temperature of the compost is controlled at 59-66℃ by the electric heating belt and the compost turning machine, and the frequency of compost turning is once every 4 hours. Monitor the oxygen concentration in real time. When the oxygen concentration is less than 10%, start pulse aeration. Each aeration time is 25-35 seconds, with an interval of 1.8-2.2 hours. When the volatile solid degradation rate is ≥45% at the same time, stop turning the pile and aeration. When the first stage stops, the leachate is reinjected, the pile is slowly stirred, and the leachate is sprayed onto the pile through a peristaltic pump to adjust its humidity to 42-48%; When the pH of the pile drops to 5.8-6.7, the chitosan layer of the complex enzyme nanocapsule will be dissolved by acid and the embedded ligninase will leak out. At this time, the lignin in the pile can be quickly decomposed, and the reducing sugar concentration will increase. When the number of viable bacteria is ≥2.0×10 8 CFU / g, and when the humic acid content is ≥12%, the fermentation is stopped and the polytian enzyme carbon-based bacteria biological organic fertilizer is obtained.

10. The method for producing a polytian enzyme carbon-based bacteria bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The post-processing includes: The polytian enzyme carbon-based bacteria bio-organic fertilizer was crushed to a particle size of ≤0.5mm, and stirred with humic acid-sodium alginate gel until completely mixed. The temperature was controlled at 30-35°C, and the pelletizer was formed using a twin-screw extruder with a pore size of 2-3mm and a rotation speed of 20-30rpm. Place the granules in a fluidized bed dryer, with a drying temperature of 40-45°C, a wind speed of 1.5-2.0 m / s, and a drying time of 30-40 min in the first stage to reduce the moisture content to 15-18%; The second stage drying temperature is 35-38℃, wind speed is 0.5-1.0m / s, time is 20-30min, and the moisture content is ≤10%; Heat and melt chitosan and paraffin wax in a mass ratio of 1:2-1:3 to form a coating solution; Use a centrifugal coating machine with a rotation speed of 200-300 rpm to evenly coat the coating liquid on the surface of the particles, with a coating thickness of 50-80 μm and a coating weight gain rate of 3-5%; After coating, the granules are aged at 25-30°C for 22-26 hours to form a sustained-release structure.

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