An adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable and its adjustment method

Abstract

The present invention relates to an adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable and an adjustment method thereof, belonging to the field of high-precision turntables. It is intended to solve the demand for high-precision and flexible adjustment of turntables in complex measurement and industrial application scenarios. The turntable is provided with multiple neutral planes, and the position of the neutral planes can be matched in real time according to the actual measurement situation. The adjustment method is to match the nearest neutral plane according to the height of the initial centering section, and perform precise tilt adjustment around the center of the sphere of the neutral plane. The advantage is that it can minimize the influence of tilt adjustment on centering, ensuring that the turntable maintains stable and reliable performance in highly precise operations. The design of multiple neutral planes enables the turntable to adapt quickly under different working conditions, greatly improving the measurement efficiency and flexibility of industrial production, and effectively making up for the defect of insufficient adaptability of traditional turntables in complex environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of high-precision turntables, and mainly relates to an adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable and an adjustment method thereof. Background Art

[0002] High-precision turntables are key components in many fields, including modern industrial production and precision instrument manufacturing. Their performance plays a crucial role in determining the accuracy and stability of the entire equipment. Existing high-precision turntables perform concentricity adjustment at the lowest measuring section during centering and tilting, followed by tilt adjustment at the highest measuring section. However, this conventional measurement approach presents a problem: the eccentricity of the lowest section changes during the tilt adjustment process, leading to a significant coupling between the tilt adjustment and the eccentricity. This coupling significantly increases the difficulty of precise control of high-precision turntables and severely limits their accuracy in practical applications. For example, patent document "202310122783.X: A Guided Centering and Tilt Adjustment Assisted Method and System for Engine Rotating Bodies" only considers adjusting the residual offset to zero, and the entire process still requires repeated iterations, which is not very intelligent. To address this issue, the concept of a neutral plane is introduced. In theory, when the lowest measuring section is at the neutral plane, the change in eccentricity of the lowest measuring section during tilt adjustment is minimized. However, in actual use, if the position of the lowest measuring section deviates significantly from the neutral plane, the coupling between tilt adjustment and eccentricity will still be very serious, requiring repeated centering and tilt adjustment, making it difficult for the turntable to meet the requirements of high-precision operations. Therefore, developing a turntable structure and adjustment method that can effectively solve the coupling problem between tilt adjustment and eccentricity has become a key technical challenge that needs to be overcome in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to address the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention discloses an adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable and its adjustment method. The turntable has multiple neutral planes, and the neutral plane positions can be adaptively adjusted according to actual working conditions and matched with the adjustment algorithm, which effectively solves the problem of repeated centering and tilting during the use of the existing turntable.

[0004] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: An adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable comprises: a translation layer, an inclined layer, a multi-stage bowl-shaped structure, a first inclined drive structure, a second inclined drive structure, a first pre-tightening structure, and a second pre-tightening structure;

[0005] The translation layer can complete translation in the x-direction and the y-direction on the inclined layer;

[0006] The spherical structure below the inclined layer is connected to the multi-level bowl-shaped structure, each level of the bowl-shaped structure has an independent spherical center, and the spherical centers are distributed along the z-direction. There is only one active spherical center among the multiple independent spherical centers, and the multiple independent spherical centers are used to provide multiple neutral surfaces for the turntable;

[0007] The inclined layer is distributed with a first inclined drive structure and a first pre-tightening structure along the radial direction; the inclined layer is distributed with a second inclined drive structure and a second pre-tightening structure along the radial direction, and the radial direction is perpendicular to the radial direction of the first inclined drive structure and the first pre-tightening structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the multi-stage bowl-shaped structure includes a first bowl-shaped structure, a second bowl-shaped structure, and a third bowl-shaped structure. The spherical structure below the inclined layer can rotate around a first center in the first bowl-shaped structure, the spherical structure below the first bowl-shaped structure can rotate around a second center in the second bowl-shaped structure, and the spherical structure below the second bowl-shaped structure can rotate around a third center in the third bowl-shaped structure. The spherical structure below the inclined layer can be locked with the first bowl-shaped structure, the spherical structure below the first bowl-shaped structure can be locked with the second bowl-shaped structure, and the spherical structure below the second bowl-shaped structure can be locked with the third bowl-shaped structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the movement mode of the spherical structure in the bowl-shaped structure includes air flotation, mechanical, hydraulic, and electric modes.

[0010] Furthermore, the first inclined drive structure and the first pre-tightening structure are used in combination. When the first inclined drive structure is driven upward, the first pre-tightening structure contracts downward, so that the contact point between the inclined layer and the first inclined drive structure rotates upward around the current center of the action ball; when the first inclined drive structure is driven downward, the first pre-tightening structure releases the pre-tightening force, so that the contact point between the inclined layer and the first inclined drive structure rotates downward around the current center of the action ball; the second inclined drive structure and the second pre-tightening structure are used in combination. When the second inclined drive structure is driven upward, the second pre-tightening structure contracts downward, so that the contact point between the inclined layer and the second inclined drive structure rotates upward around the current center of the action ball; when the second inclined drive structure is driven downward, the second pre-tightening structure releases the pre-tightening force, so that the contact point between the inclined layer and the second inclined drive structure rotates downward around the current center of the action ball.

[0011] Furthermore, the first tilting drive structure and the second tilting drive structure include a motor and a transmission mechanism, and the motor transmits power to the tilting layer through the transmission mechanism to achieve precise tilting angle adjustment.

[0012] Furthermore, the adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable also includes a sensor system, which is used to monitor the rotation state and tilt angle of the spherical structure in the bowl-shaped structure in real time.

[0013] Furthermore, the adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable also includes a control system, in which an adaptive adjustment algorithm module is stored. The adaptive adjustment algorithm module receives height data obtained from the outside, the rotation state and tilt angle transmitted by the sensor system, and generates control instructions based on preset rules and algorithm models, allowing only the spherical structure and the bowl-shaped structure corresponding to the working ball center to move relative to each other, and controlling the driving of the first tilt drive structure and the second tilt drive structure.

[0014] An adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable adjustment method comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step a: The turntable is initialized, and the spherical core structure and the spherical bowl structure at all levels are returned to their initial positions;

[0016] Step a1: The sensor starts sampling when the grating signal is 0°, and sets this direction The first tilt drive structure and the first pre-tightening structure are adjusted to the radial direction. Near the axis direction; when the grating signal is 90°, set this direction The axis is in the positive direction, and the radial direction of the second tilt drive structure and the second pre-tightening structure is Near the axis direction; the turntable rotation axis is Axis, and the upward direction is positive, the table ;

[0017] Step a2: Assume the spatial coordinates of the first sphere center are , the corresponding radius is When the center of the ball is the active center, the spherical structure below the inclined layer moves within the first bowl-shaped structure, otherwise it is locked; the spatial coordinates of the second center of the ball are , the corresponding radius is When the center of the ball is the center of action, the spherical structure below the first bowl-shaped structure moves within the second bowl-shaped structure, otherwise it is locked; the spatial coordinates of the third center of the ball are , the corresponding radius is When the ball center is the working ball center, the spherical structure below the second bowl-shaped structure moves within the third bowl-shaped structure, otherwise it is locked;

[0018] Step a3: Set the thickness of the translational layer , inclined layer thickness ;

[0019] Step a4: The coordinates of the contact point between the first tilt drive structure and the table are ,in ; The coordinates of the contact point between the second tilt drive structure and the table are ,in The first tilt drive structure and the second tilt drive structure only change in the z direction when in action;

[0020] Step b: Assume that the measured object is adjusted to be concentric at the first measuring section, and the z-axis coordinate is , adjust the tilt at the last measurement section, the z-coordinate is , the z-coordinate of the highest measuring position of the instrument is ; Determine the height of the first section The position relationship between multiple independent sphere centers is to take the sphere center closest to the height information of the first section as the effective sphere center. The radius of action of the spherical structure and bowl-shaped structure corresponding to the center of action is , the neutral plane where the center of the sphere is located is the neutral plane of action;

[0021]

[0022]

[0023] The spherical structure corresponding to the action ball center can move within the corresponding bowl-shaped structure, and the other spherical structures are locked with the bowl-shaped structure;

[0024] Step c, the translation layer is at a cross-sectional height of Center the tested piece;

[0025] Step d: Assume that the translation layer is at height After adjusting the concentricity, the first measurement section center There is still eccentricity , and in axis, The projections on the axis are 、 , when no tilt adjustment is performed, the center of the last measured section The eccentricity is , and in axis, The projections on the axis are 、 The so-called tilt adjustment is to adjust the line connecting the center of the last section and the center of the first measured section to be parallel to the instrument's rotation axis, that is, parallel to the z-axis;

[0026] Step e: the first measurement of the center position of the cross section and the center position of the last measured section The position of the center of the ball As the origin, the coordinate system is reconstructed, and the positions of the two circle centers are translated;

[0027]

[0028] Step f, calculating the driving amount of the second tilt driving structure and executing the driving:

[0029] Step f1: The first tilt drive structure is in contact with the table surface. , transform to the positive direction of the x-axis, rotation angle , the rotation matrix , other points in space follow the transformation:

[0030]

[0031] The contact point between the second tilt drive structure and the table Changes to:

[0032]

[0033] Step f2: When the second tilt driving structure moves up and down, the tested object rotates around its vertical axis. The axis direction vector , normalize the direction vector , when the rotation angle is When , the rotation matrix is ​​given by the Rodriguez rotation formula ,in , ;

[0034] Step f3: The second tilt driving structure moves up and down, and the space point takes the center of the action ball as the origin and rotates around the rotation axis of step f2 by an angle of When , the spatial point changes to:

[0035]

[0036] Step f4: Rotate to the center of the first measurement section and the center of the last measured section The y-coordinates are consistent, so the solution Angle, and performs a rotation operation, the angle sensor monitors and adjusts the angle, and the control system controls the driving amount of the second tilt driving structure;

[0037] Step g: Calculate the driving amount of the first tilt driving structure and execute:

[0038] Step g1: The first tilt driving structure moves up and down, and the space point takes the center of the action ball as the origin and rotates around the y-axis by an angle of When the rotation matrix , the spatial variation is:

[0039]

[0040] Step g2: Rotate to the center of the first measurement section and the center of the last measured section The x-coordinates are consistent, so the solution Angle, and performs a rotation operation, the angle sensor monitors and adjusts the angle, and the control system controls the driving amount of the first tilt driving structure;

[0041] Step h: transform the coordinates to the original coordinate system:

[0042] Step h1: transform the coordinates of the contact point between the first tilt drive structure and the table to the initial position (see step f1, reverse operation), and the entire coordinate system rotates in the opposite direction. , the rotation matrix is , the spatial variation is:

[0043]

[0044] Step h2: Restore the initial coordinate system origin position (see step e, reverse operation), and translate the coordinate system ,but

[0045]

[0046] Complete the tilting.

[0047] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0048] The present invention provides an adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable and its adjustment method, significantly improving turntable adjustment accuracy and reducing adjustment time. Specifically, multiple neutral planes are employed to adaptively match the nearest sphere center as the working sphere center, based on the position and height of the centering section. This ensures that changes in eccentricity are kept to a minimum under any tilt state, minimizing the impact of tilt adjustment on centering. Furthermore, an adaptive tilt adjustment model is established, enabling a single-step adjustment to achieve the desired tilt, eliminating the need for repeated centering and tilt adjustments. This provides a more accurate and stable foundation for turntable-dependent equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 This is a front view of an adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of an adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable adjustment method of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the test piece when its tilt is not adjusted;

[0053] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tested piece after adjustment and tilt;

[0054] Figure 6 This is a graph showing how the eccentricity after tilt adjustment changes with the height of the lowest measured section.

[0055] In the figure: 1. Translational layer; 2. Inclined layer; 3. First spherical bowl-shaped structure; 4. Second spherical bowl-shaped structure; 5. Third spherical bowl-shaped structure; 6. First inclined drive structure; 7. Second inclined drive structure; 8. First pre-tightening structure; 9. Second pre-tightening structure; 10. First sphere center; 11. Second sphere center; 12. Third sphere center. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will be combined with the drawings in the specific embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the specific embodiments described are only part of the present invention, not all of it. Based on the specific embodiments of the present invention, all other specific embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0057] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate to facilitate the description of the specific embodiments of the present application.

[0058] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 An adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable includes: a translation layer 1, an inclined layer 2, a first spherical bowl-shaped structure 3, a second spherical bowl-shaped structure 4, a third spherical bowl-shaped structure 5, a first inclined drive structure 6, a second inclined drive structure 7, a first pre-tightening structure 8 and a second pre-tightening structure 9.

[0059] Among them, the translation layer 1 can complete translation in the x-direction and y-direction on the inclined layer 2.

[0060] The spherical structure below the inclined layer 2 can rotate around a first center 10 in the first bowl-shaped structure 3, the spherical structure below the first bowl-shaped structure 3 can rotate around a second center 11 in the second bowl-shaped structure 4, and the spherical structure below the second bowl-shaped structure 4 can rotate around a third center 12 in the third bowl-shaped structure 5. The spherical structure below the inclined layer 2 can be locked with the first bowl-shaped structure 3, the spherical structure below the first bowl-shaped structure 3 can be locked with the second bowl-shaped structure 4, and the spherical structure below the second bowl-shaped structure 4 can be locked with the third bowl-shaped structure 5.

[0061] As a specific solution, in this embodiment, the spherical structure moves in the bowl-shaped structure in an air flotation manner.

[0062] Reference Figures 1 to 2 As a specific solution, an adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable has a three-level bowl-shaped structure. Each bowl-shaped structure has an independent spherical center, and the spherical centers are distributed along the z-direction. There is only one active spherical center among the three independent spherical centers. The three independent spherical centers are used to provide three neutral planes for the turntable.

[0063] The inclined layer 2 is provided with a first inclined driving structure 6 and a first pre-tightening structure 8 along a radial direction. The inclined layer 2 is provided with a second inclined driving structure 7 and a second pre-tightening structure 9 along a radial direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the first inclined driving structure 6 and the first pre-tightening structure 8.

[0064] The first tilting drive structure 6 and the first pre-tensioning structure 8 are used in conjunction with each other. When the first tilting drive structure 6 is driven upward, the first pre-tensioning structure 8 contracts downward, causing the contact point between the tilting layer 2 and the first tilting drive structure 6 to rotate upward around the center of the current active ball. When the first tilting drive structure 6 is driven downward, the first pre-tensioning structure 8 releases the pre-tensioning force, causing the contact point between the tilting layer 2 and the first tilting drive structure 6 to rotate downward around the center of the current active ball. The second tilting drive structure 7 and the second pre-tensioning structure 9 are used in conjunction with each other. When the second tilting drive structure 7 is driven upward, the second pre-tensioning structure 9 contracts downward, causing the contact point between the tilting layer 2 and the second tilting drive structure 7 to rotate upward around the center of the current active ball. When the second tilting drive structure 7 is driven downward, the second pre-tensioning structure 9 releases the pre-tensioning force, causing the contact point between the tilting layer 2 and the second tilting drive structure 7 to rotate downward around the center of the current active ball.

[0065] The first tilting drive structure 6 and the second tilting drive structure 7 include a motor and a transmission mechanism. The motor transmits power to the tilting layer 2 through the transmission mechanism to achieve precise tilt angle adjustment.

[0066] The adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable further includes a sensor system, which is used for real-time monitoring of the rotation state and tilt angle of the spherical structure in the bowl-shaped structure.

[0067] An adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable also includes a control system, which stores an adaptive adjustment algorithm module. The adaptive adjustment algorithm module receives height data obtained from the outside, the rotation state and tilt angle transmitted by the sensor system, and generates control instructions based on preset rules and algorithm models, allowing only the spherical structure and the bowl-shaped structure corresponding to the working ball center to move relative to each other, and controlling the driving of the first tilt drive structure 6 and the second tilt drive structure 7.

[0068] Reference Figure 3 As a specific solution, the following numerical units in this embodiment are unified, all in mm.

[0069] An adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable adjustment method comprises the following steps:

[0070] Step a: The turntable is initialized, and the spherical core structure and the spherical bowl structure at all levels are returned to their initial positions;

[0071] Step a1: The sensor starts sampling when the grating signal is 0°, and sets this direction The axis is in the positive direction, and the radial direction of the first inclined driving structure 6 and the first pre-tightening structure 8 is adjusted to Near the axis direction; when the grating signal is 90°, set this direction The axis is in the positive direction, and the second tilt drive structure 7 and the second pre-tightening structure 9 are in the opposite radial direction. Near the axis direction; the turntable rotation axis is Axis, and the upward direction is positive, the table ;

[0072] Step a2: Assume the spatial coordinates of the first sphere center 10 are , the corresponding radius is When the center of the ball is the active center, the spherical structure below the inclined layer 2 moves within the first bowl-shaped structure 3, otherwise it is locked; the spatial coordinates of the second center of the ball 11 are , the corresponding radius is When the center of the ball is the active center, the spherical structure below the first bowl-shaped structure 3 moves within the second bowl-shaped structure 4, otherwise it is locked; the spatial coordinates of the third center 12 are , the corresponding radius is When the ball center is the active ball center, the spherical structure below the second bowl-shaped structure 4 moves within the third bowl-shaped structure 5, otherwise it is locked.

[0073] Step a3: Set the thickness of translation layer 1 , thickness of inclined layer 2 ;

[0074] Step a4: The coordinates of the contact point between the first tilt driving structure 6 and the table are The coordinates of the contact point between the second tilt drive structure 7 and the table are The first tilt drive structure 6 and the second tilt drive structure 7 only change in the z direction when in action;

[0075] Step b: Assume that the measured object is adjusted to be concentric at the first measuring section, and the z-axis coordinate is , adjust the tilt at the last measurement section, the z-coordinate is , the z-coordinate of the highest measuring position of the instrument is ; Determine the height of the first section The position relationship between multiple independent sphere centers is to take the sphere center closest to the height information of the first section as the effective sphere center. The radius of action of the spherical structure and bowl-shaped structure corresponding to the center of action is , the neutral plane where the center of the sphere is located is the neutral plane of action;

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] Calculated ,but , .

[0079] The spherical structure corresponding to the active ball center can move in the corresponding ball bowl structure, and the other spherical structures are in a locked state. In this embodiment, the active ball center is the first ball center 10. Figure 4 The first sphere center 10 is marked with "o", the eccentricity of the lowest measuring section and the eccentricity of the highest measuring section are marked with "+", and the effective spherical structure is drawn.

[0080] Step c, the translation layer 1 is at a cross-sectional height of Center the tested piece;

[0081] Step d: Assume that the translation layer 1 is at a height After adjusting the concentricity, the first measurement section center There is still eccentricity , and in axis, The projections on the axis are 、 , when no tilt adjustment is performed, the center of the last measured section The eccentricity is , and in axis, The projections on the axis are 、 . Reference Figure 4 , center of the circle and the center of the circle The so-called tilt adjustment is to adjust the line connecting the center of the last section and the center of the first measured section to be parallel to the instrument's rotation axis, that is, parallel to the z-axis;

[0082] Step e: First measure the center position of the cross section and the center position of the last measured section The position of the center of the ball As the origin, the coordinate system is reconstructed, and the positions of the two circle centers are translated;

[0083]

[0084] Step f: Calculate the driving amount of the second tilt driving structure 7 and execute the driving:

[0085] Step f1: The first tilt driving structure 6 is in contact with the table surface. , transform to the positive direction of the x-axis, rotation angle , the rotation matrix , other points in space follow the transformation:

[0086]

[0087] The contact point between the second tilt driving structure 7 and the table Changes to:

[0088]

[0089] Step f2: When the second tilt driving structure 7 moves up and down, the tested object rotates around its vertical axis. The direction vector of the axis is , normalize the direction vector , when the rotation angle is When , the rotation matrix is ​​given by the Rodriguez rotation formula ,in , ;

[0090] Step f3: The second tilt driving structure 7 moves up and down, and the space point takes the center of the action ball as the origin and rotates around the rotation axis of step f2 by an angle of When , the spatial point changes to:

[0091]

[0092] Step f4: Rotate to the center of the first measurement section and the center of the last measured section The y-coordinates are consistent, so the solution Angle, and perform the rotation operation, the angle sensor monitors the adjustment angle, the control system controls the driving amount of the second tilt driving structure 7, at this time:

[0093]

[0094] Furthermore, this step can also be converted into the current count of the displacement sensor to control the driving amount.

[0095] Step g: Calculate the driving amount of the first tilt driving structure 6 and execute:

[0096] Step g1: The first tilt driving structure 6 moves up and down, and the space point takes the center of the action sphere as the origin and rotates around the y axis by an angle of When the rotation matrix , the spatial variation is:

[0097]

[0098] Step g2: Rotate to the center of the first measurement section and the center of the last measured section The x-coordinates are consistent, and the solution is , and performs a rotation operation, the angle sensor monitors and adjusts the angle, and the control system controls the driving amount of the first tilt driving structure 6. At this time:

[0099]

[0100] Furthermore, this step can also be converted into the current count of the displacement sensor to control the driving amount.

[0101] Step h: transform the coordinates to the original coordinate system:

[0102] Step h1: transform the coordinates of the contact point between the first tilt drive structure 6 and the table to the initial position (see step f1, reverse operation), and the entire coordinate system rotates in the opposite direction. , the rotation matrix is , the spatial variation is:

[0103]

[0104] Step h2: Restore the initial coordinate system origin position (see step e, reverse operation), and translate the coordinate system ,but

[0105]

[0106] Complete the tilting, refer to Figure 5 , center of the circle and the center of the circle Marked with "+", after one tilt adjustment is completed, the line connecting the center position of the last measuring section and the center position of the first measuring section is adjusted to be parallel to the instrument's rotation axis, that is, parallel to the z-axis.

[0107] Reference Figure 6 When no tilt adjustment is performed in this embodiment, the eccentricity of the first measurement section is the same as that of the last measurement section, and the height of the first measurement section is When changing from 0 to 115, the height of the last measured section Correspondingly, the height changes from 100 to 200 (200 is the maximum height that the instrument can measure in this embodiment ), the dotted line indicates the center position of the first measurement section From 0 to 115, the effective sphere center also changes from the first sphere center 10 to the third sphere center 12. When the tilt changes, adjust the eccentricity change The amount of change is as follows Figure 6 The solid line part shows the height information of the first ball center 10. , height information of the second ball center 11 and the height information of the third ball center 12 Change of eccentricity Minimum. As can be seen from the figure, the closer the height of the centering section (i.e., the first measurement section) is to the center of the active sphere, the smaller the change in eccentricity after tilt adjustment. To ensure that the change in eccentricity of the centering section (i.e., the first measurement section) of the measured object remains within a controllable range after tilt adjustment, a neutral plane and corresponding sphere center can be added above the third sphere center 12.

[0108] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations of the present application are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting an adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable, characterized by: The adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable comprises: a translation layer (1), an inclined layer (2), a multi-stage bowl-shaped structure, a first inclined driving structure (6), a second inclined driving structure (7), a first pre-tightening structure (8), and a second pre-tightening structure (9); The translational layer (1) can be completed on the inclined layer (2) x Xianghe y Toward translation; The spherical structure below the inclined layer (2) is connected with the multi-level bowl-shaped structure, and each level of the bowl-shaped structure has an independent ball center. z The multiple independent sphere centers are distributed in different directions, and only one of them is the effective sphere center. The multiple independent sphere centers are used to provide multiple neutral surfaces for the turntable. The inclined layer (2) is provided with a first inclined driving structure (6) and a first pre-tightening structure (8) distributed along a radial direction; the inclined layer (2) is provided with a second inclined driving structure (7) and a second pre-tightening structure (9) distributed along a radial direction, and the radial direction is perpendicular to the radial direction of the first inclined driving structure (6) and the first pre-tightening structure (8); The multi-stage bowl-shaped structure comprises a first bowl-shaped structure (3), a second bowl-shaped structure (4) and a third bowl-shaped structure (5); the spherical structure below the inclined layer (2) can rotate around a first ball center (10) in the first bowl-shaped structure (3), the spherical structure below the first bowl-shaped structure (3) can rotate around a second ball center (11) in the second bowl-shaped structure (4), and the spherical structure below the second bowl-shaped structure (4) can rotate around a third ball center (12) in the third bowl-shaped structure (5); the spherical structure below the inclined layer (2) can be locked with the first bowl-shaped structure (3), the spherical structure below the first bowl-shaped structure (3) can be locked with the second bowl-shaped structure (4), and the spherical structure below the second bowl-shaped structure (4) can be locked with the third bowl-shaped structure (5); The first tilting drive structure (6) and the first pre-tightening structure (8) are used in conjunction with each other. When the first tilting drive structure (6) is driven upward, the first pre-tightening structure (8) contracts downward, so that the contact point between the tilting layer (2) and the first tilting drive structure (6) rotates upward around the current center of the action ball; when the first tilting drive structure (6) is driven downward, the first pre-tightening structure (8) releases the pre-tightening force, so that the contact point between the tilting layer (2) and the first tilting drive structure (6) rotates downward around the current center of the action ball; the second tilting drive structure (7) and the second pre-tightening structure (9) are used in conjunction with each other. When the second tilting drive structure (7) is driven upward, the second pre-tightening structure (9) contracts downward, so that the contact point between the tilting layer (2) and the second tilting drive structure (7) rotates upward around the current center of the action ball; when the second tilting drive structure (7) is driven downward, the second pre-tightening structure (9) releases the pre-tightening force, so that the contact point between the tilting layer (2) and the second tilting drive structure (7) rotates downward around the current center of the action ball; The adjustment method comprises the following steps: step a , the turntable is initialized, and all levels of spherical structures and bowl-shaped structures return to their initial positions; step b , Assume that the measured piece is adjusted concentrically at the first measuring section, z The coordinates are , adjust the tilt at the last measurement section; determine the height of the first section The position relationship between multiple independent sphere centers is to take the sphere center closest to the height information of the first section as the effective sphere center; The spherical structure corresponding to the action ball center can move within the corresponding bowl-shaped structure, and the other spherical structures are locked with the bowl-shaped structure; step c The translation layer (1) has a cross-sectional height of Center the tested piece; step d 、The translational layer (1) is at a height After adjusting the concentricity, obtain the first measurement section center When no tilt adjustment is performed, the center of the last measured section is obtained. The eccentricity of step e , the center position of the first measurement section and the center position of the last measured section Reconstruct the coordinate system with the center of the action sphere as the origin; step f , calculating the driving amount of the second tilt driving structure (7) and executing the driving; step g , calculating the driving amount of the first tilt driving structure (6) and executing it; step h , transform the coordinates into the original coordinate system.

2. The method for adjusting an adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first tilting drive structure (6) and the second tilting drive structure (7) comprise a motor and a transmission mechanism, and the motor transmits power to the tilting layer (2) via the transmission mechanism, thereby achieving precise tilting angle adjustment.

3. The method for adjusting an adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable according to claim 2, characterized in that: The device also includes a sensor system, which is used to monitor the rotation state and tilt angle of the spherical structure in the bowl-shaped structure in real time.

4. The method for adjusting an adaptive multi-neutral plane turntable according to claim 3, characterized in that: The system also includes a control system in which an adaptive adjustment algorithm module is stored. The adaptive adjustment algorithm module receives height data obtained from the outside, the rotation state and the tilt angle transmitted by the sensor system, and generates a control instruction based on a preset rule and an algorithm model, so as to only allow the spherical structure and the bowl-shaped structure corresponding to the working ball center to move relative to each other, and control the first tilt drive structure (6) and the second tilt drive structure (7) to move.

Images