Wellbore pressure wave coding communication method for cable-free pressure-controlled intelligent water injection

Abstract

The invention provides a wellbore pressure wave coding communication method for cable-free pressure control intelligent water injection, and belongs to the field of oil field intelligent water injection. According to the method, after pressure waves are transmitted to a pipe column and a water injection working barrel receives pressure wave signals, corresponding adjustment layer positions and water nozzle opening degree instructions are decoded according to a preset coding communication rule; and the corresponding action command is executed. And the water injection working barrel records the pressure, temperature, flow and water nozzle opening data at the moment. The opening degree of a water nozzle is adjusted through the intelligent water distributor, pressure waves are manufactured, the pressure waves carry parameter information according to coding rules and transmit the parameter information to the ground, and underground parameter information is obtained after the ground controller decodes the parameter information. According to the invention, more data information can be transmitted in limited time. According to the wellbore pressure wave coding communication method, efficient and two-way transmission of ground and underground information in the layered water injection process is achieved through a standardized coding rule, operation is easy and convenient, and accuracy and high efficiency are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of intelligent water injection in oil fields, and in particular to a wellbore pressure wave coding communication method for cable-free pressure-controlled intelligent water injection. Background Art

[0002] In the exploitation of heterogeneous multi-layer oil reservoirs, stratified water injection technology is a crucial means of resolving interlayer conflicts, enabling the various oil layers to function, and maintaining long-term stable and high oilfield production. Decades of improvement and innovation have evolved from conventional mechanical injection techniques to cable-based stratified water injection with simultaneous measurement and adjustment. This has initially addressed the issue of limited stratified sections in injection wells and improved their efficiency. However, cable-based stratified water injection is limited by well inclination and wellhead occupancy. Based on this, various cable-free intelligent stratified water injection technologies have been developed, eliminating the need for cables or wirelines and simplifying the process string. These cable-free intelligent stratified water injection technologies generally achieve two-way communication between the surface and downhole water distributors through the encoding and decoding of signals such as pressure waves, acoustic waves, or flow waves, adjusting the nozzle opening to achieve precise stratified water injection. Acoustic waves transmit quickly but attenuate rapidly within the wellbore, preventing long-distance transmission. Flow waves, on the other hand, rely on changes in flow rate to convey information, which can easily interfere with the normal flow of the injection well. Compared to sound waves and flow waves, pressure waves have advantages such as long transmission distance and strong anti-interference capabilities, making them the mainstream technology for cable-free intelligent water injection. However, existing conventional pressure wave encoding methods typically use analog signal encoding methods, relying on the duration of pressure pulses to transmit information. Short pulse durations carry less information, resulting in a smaller amount of transmitted data. Furthermore, since the transmission of downhole flow, pressure, temperature, and other data requires a large amount of information, current analog signal encoding methods cannot meet these data transmission requirements. Consequently, existing conventional pressure wave encoding methods can only transmit data in one direction, meaning they can only transmit commands from the surface to the downhole. Downhole flow, pressure, temperature, and other data cannot be read from the surface, making it impossible to effectively transmit downhole flow, pressure, temperature, and other data. Furthermore, there is a lack of a unified pressure wave encoding and decoding method. The present invention provides a wellbore pressure wave encoding communication method for cable-free pressure-controlled intelligent water injection, which is used to achieve standardized control of coded commands. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a cable-free pressure-controlled intelligent water injection wellbore pressure wave coding communication method, which can achieve precise control of layered injection volume and feedback of downhole information through standardized coding.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: a cable-free pressure-controlled intelligent water injection wellbore pressure wave coding communication method, wherein the oil pipeline in the wellbore is connected to the injection manifold on the ground through a delivery pipe, the delivery pipe is equipped with a pressure relief valve and a pipeline inlet valve, and the injection manifold is electrically connected to a surface controller, which is wirelessly connected to the pressure relief valve and the pipeline inlet valve respectively. The surface controller can control the start, stop and operation of the injection manifold, the pressure relief valve and the pipeline inlet valve respectively;

[0005] Pressure is applied to the oil pipe through the injection manifold, and the surface controller controls the pipeline inlet valve and pressure relief valve to open or close regularly, generating regular pressure waves in the wellbore.

[0006] The water injection mandrel receives the pressure wave signal, decodes it and makes corresponding instructions;

[0007] By controlling the water nozzle switch of the water injection working cylinder, a corresponding pressure wave is generated;

[0008] The downhole water injection mandrel sends data to the ground controller through pressure waves. The ground controller detects the corresponding waveform and decodes it to obtain the pressure, flow, temperature and water nozzle opening data of the formation.

[0009] Furthermore, the injection pressure of the injection manifold is kept unchanged, the pipeline inlet valve is opened and the pressure relief valve is closed through the ground controller. At this time, the pressure of the injection manifold is transmitted into the oil pipe, and the oil pipe is under high pressure; the pipeline inlet valve is closed and the pressure relief valve is opened through the ground controller. At this time, the pressure of the injection manifold cannot be transmitted into the oil pipe, and the oil pipe is under low pressure; the pressure wave is coded and standardized, and according to the needs of the pressure wave instruction, the ground controller regularly controls the opening or closing of the pipeline inlet valve and the pressure relief valve to generate regular pressure waves.

[0010] Furthermore, multiple layers of water injection mandrels are provided in the oil pipe of the wellbore, and each layer of water injection mandrel is respectively installed with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a flow sensor and an intelligent water distributor. The intelligent water distributor is electrically connected to the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the flow sensor and the water nozzle of the water injection mandrel. A circuit board is provided in the intelligent water distributor. The circuit board in the intelligent water distributor can record the information collected by the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the flow sensor respectively, as well as the opening information of the water nozzle. At the same time, the intelligent water distributor can also control the switch of the water nozzle.

[0011] When the water injection mandrel receives the pressure wave signal from the surface, the circuit board in the intelligent water distributor decodes it, and the intelligent water distributor executes the corresponding water nozzle opening instruction and records the water nozzle opening, temperature, pressure and flow information at that time. The intelligent water distributor adjusts the water nozzle switch to generate the corresponding pressure wave. The pressure wave carries the water nozzle opening, temperature, pressure and flow information back to the surface in batches. The pressure wave is decoded by the ground controller to obtain the parameter data of the well.

[0012] Each layer of water injection working cylinder can independently receive the pressure wave instructions sent from the ground. After decoding and making corresponding instructions, it can adjust the switch of the water nozzle through the intelligent water distributor to generate corresponding pressure waves, and transmit the pressure waves carrying the water nozzle opening, temperature, pressure and flow information back to the ground.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressure wave sent from the surface to the well is the down-transmission band, and the pressure wave sent from the well to the surface is the return band;

[0014] The pressure waves in the injection wellbore are coded in a standardized manner. The downstream bands are the start position band, layer selection band, water nozzle opening band, and stop position band; the return bands are the start position band, return information type selection band, return information coding band, and stop position band. The number of bits in the downstream band and the return band waves is the same, which facilitates standardized coding and management.

[0015] Furthermore, the starting position band of the pressure wave includes a high pressure of arbitrary time and a low pressure of fixed time, and the stopping position band of the pressure wave includes a high pressure of arbitrary time.

[0016] Furthermore, the layer selection band and the water nozzle opening band of the downlink band are both composed of wave positions, each wave position includes a high pressure, a low pressure and a pressure reversal, the layer selection band includes two wave positions, and the water nozzle opening band includes six wave positions.

[0017] Furthermore, the return information type selection band and the return information coding band of the return band are both composed of wave positions, each wave position includes a high pressure, a low pressure and a pressure reversal, the return information type selection band includes two wave positions, and the return information coding band includes six wave positions.

[0018] Furthermore, different layer selection bands combined with different water nozzle opening bands can realize the adjustment of the water nozzle opening of the downhole working cylinder of the water injection well from 0-100% by ground instructions; different return information type selection bands combined with different return information coding bands can realize the transmission of downhole temperature, pressure, flow, and water nozzle opening information to the ground.

[0019] Furthermore, when the duration of high pressure and low pressure is the same, the code represents 0, and when the duration of low pressure is longer than that of high pressure, the code represents 1.

[0020] Compared with the existing technology, the cable-free pressure-controlled intelligent water injection wellbore pressure wave coding communication method described in the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] (1) The downlink band from the surface to the well and the return band from the well to the surface have the same coding rules and the same number of wave bits, which simplifies the calculation of the downhole water injection mandrel, thereby reducing the power consumption of the downhole water injection mandrel and extending the service life of the downhole water injection mandrel. At the same time, it realizes two-way communication and interactive conversion of information between the surface and the underground;

[0022] (2) There are many coding commands, which can realize the precise adjustment of the water nozzle, and the return wave can carry a lot of information, which can carry temperature, pressure, flow and water nozzle opening information in turn, and further verify the execution of the water nozzle opening instruction;

[0023] (3) An innovative method of digital coding of pressure waves was proposed. The same high and low pressure time represents 0, and the low pressure time is longer than the high pressure time, which represents 1. This method changes the pressure wave analog signal coding method used in the previous cable-free pressure wave water injection technology. Each code contains 8 bits of "0" or "1", that is, one byte, which can represent 255 data, greatly increasing the amount of data carried by the pressure wave.

[0024] (4) The previous cable-free pressure wave water injection technology can only realize the transmission of commands from the ground to the underground, and cannot read the flow rate, pressure, temperature and other data of the underground. This patent innovatively proposes a method for encoding and decoding the flow rate, pressure, temperature and other data of the underground. The flow rate, pressure, temperature and other data of the underground can be transmitted to the surface by using 8 bits of "0" or "1", which solves the shortcoming of the previous cable-free pressure wave water injection technology that can only transmit in one direction.

[0025] (5) The pressure wave digital coding method proposed in the present invention facilitates computer processing. Compared with conventional pressure wave analog signals, digital signals have advantages such as strong anti-interference capabilities and simpler processing. The pressure wave digital coding method proposed in the present invention can be used as a unified coding method for cableless pressure wave water injection, facilitating standardization across different pressure wave water injection tools. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of the present invention, are provided to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are provided to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a pipe string for pressure wave signal transmission according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the downlink band segmentation of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the return band segmentation of the present invention

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an embodiment of a downlink band of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a return band of the present invention.

[0032] Description of reference numerals:

[0033] 1. Injection manifold; 2. Ground controller; 3. Pressure gauge; 4. Pressure relief valve; 5. Pipeline inlet valve; 6. Casing; 7. Oil pipe; 8. First packer; 9. Second packer; 10. Third packer; 11. Fourth packer; 12. First-layer water injection mandrel; 13. Second-layer water injection mandrel; 14. Third-layer water injection mandrel; 15. Plug; 16. Pressure sensor; 17. Temperature sensor; 18. Flow sensor; 19. Intelligent water distributor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0035] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0036] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the present invention provides a cable-free pressure-controlled intelligent water injection wellbore pressure wave coding communication method. By transmitting pressure waves to the pipe string, the water injection working cylinder receives the pressure wave signal, decodes the corresponding adjustment layer and water nozzle opening instructions according to the preset coding communication rules, and executes the corresponding action command. The water injection working cylinder records the pressure, temperature, flow and water nozzle opening data at this time. The opening of the water nozzle is adjusted by the intelligent water distributor 19 to create a pressure wave. The pressure wave carries parameter information according to the coding rules and is transmitted to the ground. After the ground controller 2 decodes it, the parameter information downhole is obtained. The present invention can transmit more data information within a limited time. The wellbore pressure wave coding communication method provided by the patent of the present invention realizes efficient and two-way transmission of information between the ground and underground during stratified water injection through standardized coding rules. It is easy to operate and accurate and efficient. Specifically, the present invention provides a cable-free pressure-controlled intelligent water injection wellbore pressure wave coding communication method, which is applicable to the cable-free stratified measurement and adjustment water injection process for oilfield water injection wells. The oil pipe 7 in the wellbore is connected to the injection manifold 1 on the ground through a delivery pipe. The delivery pipe is equipped with a pressure relief valve 4 and a pipeline inlet valve 5. The injection manifold 1 is electrically connected to a ground controller 2. The ground controller 2 is wirelessly connected to the pressure relief valve 4 and the pipeline inlet valve 5 respectively. The ground controller 2 can control the start and stop and operation of the injection manifold 1, the pressure relief valve 4, and the pipeline inlet valve 5 respectively.

[0037] Pressure is applied to the oil pipe 7 through the injection manifold 1, and the ground controller 2 controls the pipeline inlet valve and the pressure relief valve 4 to be opened or closed regularly, thereby generating regular pressure waves in the wellbore; specifically, the injection pressure of the injection manifold 1 is kept unchanged, the pipeline inlet valve 5 is opened and the pressure relief valve 4 is closed through the ground controller 2, at which time the pressure of the injection manifold 1 is transmitted into the oil pipe 7, and the oil pipe 7 is under high pressure; the pipeline inlet valve 5 is closed and the pressure relief valve 4 is opened through the ground controller 2, at which time the pressure of the injection manifold 1 cannot be transmitted into the oil pipe 7, and the oil pipe 7 is under low pressure; the pressure wave is coded and standardized, and according to the needs of the pressure wave instruction, the ground controller 2 regularly controls the pipeline inlet valve and the pressure relief valve 4 to be opened or closed, thereby generating regular pressure waves.

[0038] The water injection mandrel receives the pressure wave signal, decodes it and makes corresponding instructions; by controlling the water nozzle switch of the water injection mandrel, a corresponding pressure wave is generated; the downhole water injection mandrel sends data to the ground controller 2 through the pressure wave, and the ground controller 2 detects the corresponding waveform and decodes it to obtain the pressure, flow, temperature and opening data of the formation and the water nozzle. Specifically, there are multiple layers of water injection mandrels in the oil pipe 7 of the wellbore, and each layer of water injection mandrel is respectively installed with a pressure sensor 16, a temperature sensor 17, a flow sensor 18 and an intelligent water distributor 19. The intelligent water distributor 19 is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 16, the temperature sensor 17, the flow sensor 18 and the water nozzle of the water injection mandrel. A circuit board is provided in the intelligent water distributor 19. The circuit board in the intelligent water distributor 19 can record the information collected by the pressure sensor 16, the temperature sensor 17 and the flow sensor 18 respectively, as well as the opening information of the water nozzle. At the same time, the intelligent water distributor 19 can also control the switch of the water nozzle; after the water injection mandrel receives the pressure wave signal sent from the ground, , which is decoded by the circuit board in the intelligent water distributor 19, and the intelligent water distributor 19 executes the corresponding water nozzle opening instruction and records the water nozzle opening, temperature, pressure and flow information at this time; the intelligent water distributor 19 adjusts the switch of the water nozzle to generate a corresponding pressure wave, and the pressure wave carries the water nozzle opening, temperature, pressure and flow information back to the ground in batches, and is decoded by the ground controller 2 to obtain the parameter data downhole; each layer of water injection mandrel can separately receive the pressure wave instruction sent from the ground, and after decoding and making the corresponding instruction, it can adjust the switch of the water nozzle through the intelligent water distributor 19 to generate a corresponding pressure wave, and transmit the pressure wave carrying the water nozzle opening, temperature, pressure and flow information back to the ground.

[0039] The pressure wave is transmitted in both directions. The ground controller 2 sends instructions to the well through the pressure wave. The downhole water injection working cylinder receives the pressure wave signal and decodes it to make corresponding instructions. The downhole water injection working cylinder sends data to the ground through the pressure wave. The ground controller 2 detects the corresponding waveform and decodes it to obtain the pressure, flow, temperature and water nozzle opening data of the formation.

[0040] The pressure wave sent from the ground to the well is the downlink band, and the pressure wave sent from the well to the ground is the return band; the pressure wave in the injection wellbore is coded and standardized, and the downlink bands are the starting position band, layer selection band, water nozzle opening band, and stop position band; the return bands are the starting position band, return information type selection band, return information coding band, and stop position band. The number of bits in the downlink band and the return band waves is the same, which facilitates standardized coding and management.

[0041] The pressure wave starting position band contains a high pressure of arbitrary time and a low pressure of fixed time, and the pressure wave stopping position band contains a high pressure of arbitrary time.

[0042] The layer selection band and the water nozzle opening band of the downlink band are both composed of wave positions. Each wave position contains a high pressure, a low pressure and a pressure reversal. The pressure reversal is the conversion from high pressure to low pressure. The layer selection band contains two wave positions, and the water nozzle opening band contains six wave positions.

[0043] The return information type selection band and the return information coding band of the return band are both composed of wave positions. Each wave position contains a high pressure, a low pressure and a pressure reversal. The pressure reversal is the conversion from high pressure to low pressure. The return information type selection band contains two wave positions, and the return information coding band contains six wave positions.

[0044] The combination of different layer selection bands and different water nozzle opening bands can realize the adjustment of the water nozzle opening of the downhole working cylinder of the water injection well from 0-100% by ground instructions; the combination of different return information type selection bands and different return information coding bands can realize the transmission of downhole temperature, pressure, flow, and water nozzle opening information to the ground.

[0045] When the duration of high and low pressure is the same, the code represents 0, and when the duration of low pressure is longer than that of high pressure, the code represents 1.

[0046] Taking a water injection well including three layers of water injection mandrels as an example, the present invention includes an injection manifold 1, a ground controller 2, a pressure gauge 3, a pressure relief valve 4, a pipeline inlet valve 5, a casing 6, an oil pipe 7, a first packer 8, a second packer 9, a third packer 10, a fourth packer 11, a first layer of water injection mandrel 12, a second layer of water injection mandrel 13, a third layer of water injection mandrel 14, a plug 15, a pressure sensor 16, a temperature sensor 17, a flow sensor 18, and an intelligent water distributor 19. The oil pipe 7 in the wellbore is connected to the injection manifold 1 on the ground through a delivery pipe. A pressure relief valve 4, a pipeline inlet valve 5 and a pressure gauge 3 are installed on the delivery pipe. The injection manifold 1 is electrically connected to the ground controller 2. The ground controller 2 is wirelessly connected to the pressure relief valve 4 and the pipeline inlet valve 5 respectively, and the ground controller 2 can control the start and stop and operation of the injection manifold 1, the pressure relief valve 4 and the pipeline inlet valve 5 respectively. The pressure gauge 3 is used to monitor the injection pressure in the ground injection manifold 1, and the pressure data monitored by the pressure 3 is transmitted to the ground controller 2 in real time. The water injection well includes a casing 6 and an oil pipe 7. The casing 6 is arranged on the outside of the oil pipe 7. Three layers of water injection mandrels are arranged in the oil pipe 7, namely the first layer of water injection mandrel 12, the second layer of water injection mandrel 13 and the third layer of water injection mandrel 14. A plug 15 is provided at the lower end of the oil pipe 7. A first packer 8, a second packer 9, a third packer 10 and a fourth packer 11 are provided between the casing 6 and the oil pipe 7, wherein the first packer 8 is arranged above the first layer of water injection mandrel 12, the second packer 9 is arranged between the first layer of water injection mandrel 12 and the second layer of water injection mandrel 13, the third packer 10 is arranged between the second layer of water injection mandrel 13 and the third layer of water injection mandrel 14, and the fourth packer 11 is arranged between the third layer of water injection mandrel 14 and the plug 15. Since the composition of the water injection well is the existing technology, only a brief description is given here and no further details are given. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multi-layer" means two or more layers.

[0047] A pressure sensor 16, a temperature sensor 17, a flow sensor 18 and an intelligent water distributor 19 are installed on each layer of the water injection working cylinder, and the intelligent water distributor 19 is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 16, the temperature sensor 17, the flow sensor 18 and the water nozzle of the water injection working cylinder.

[0048] High or low pressure is applied to the pipe string through the injection manifold 1. The ground controller 2 controls the time of each band and wave position by opening or closing the pipeline inlet valve 5 and the pressure relief valve 4. The opening of the water nozzle is adjusted according to the need, and the corresponding different codes are transmitted to the water injection mandrel that needs to be adjusted. After the corresponding water injection mandrel receives the pressure wave waveform signal, the intelligent water distributor 19 decodes and executes the corresponding water nozzle opening instruction, and records the water nozzle opening, temperature, pressure and flow information at this time. At this time, the intelligent water distributor 19 adjusts the switch of the water nozzle to generate a corresponding pressure wave. The pressure wave carries the water nozzle opening, temperature, pressure and flow information in batches. The pressure wave carrying the information is transmitted back to the ground and decoded by the ground controller 2 to obtain the parameter data downhole.

[0049] The pressure wave sent from the surface to the wellbore is the downlink band, and the pressure wave sent from the wellbore to the surface is the return band. The pressure waves within the injection wellbore are coded in a standardized manner. Tables 1-7 show the coding tables for different types of information. Table 1 is the downlink layer selection band coding table, Table 2 is the return information selection band coding table, Table 3 is the downlink nozzle opening band coding table, Table 4 is the return temperature band coding table, Table 5 is the return pressure band coding table, Table 6 is the return flow rate band coding table, and Table 7 is the return nozzle opening band coding table.

[0050] like Figure 2 The figure shows a segmented schematic diagram of the downlink band, which includes four bands, namely the starting position band, the layer selection band, the water nozzle opening band, and the stop position band. In the starting position band, there is a pressure reversal, which converts high pressure into low pressure, and the low pressure time is "2T1". It should be noted that, for the convenience of description, the present invention uses T1 and T2 to represent time of different lengths. In the present invention, T1 < T2. In the layer selection band, there are two wave positions. Within a wave position period, there is a pressure reversal, a high pressure wave, and a low pressure wave. When the high pressure wave and the low pressure wave are a combination of "high pressure wave T1 + low pressure wave T1", the high pressure and low pressure durations are the same, and the computer language recognizes them as "0". When the high pressure wave and the low pressure wave are a combination of "high pressure wave T1 + low pressure wave T2", the low pressure duration is longer than the high pressure duration, and the computer language recognizes them as "1". In the faucet opening band, there are six wave positions. Accordingly, each wave position can convey two pieces of information, "0" or "1". Therefore, 64 commands can be sent in the faucet opening band. In the stop position band, a high-pressure band with a high-pressure time of T2 is designed.

[0051] like Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a downlink band. The layer selection band code is "01". According to Table 1, the downlink layer selection band code table, "01" represents adjusting the second layer of the water nozzle; the water nozzle opening band code is "010000". According to Table 3, the downlink water nozzle opening band code table, "010000" represents that the water nozzle opening is 32%. Figure 4 The instruction carried is to adjust the opening of the second small layer water nozzle to 32%.

[0052] like Figure 3 Figure 2 shows a segmented diagram of the pressure wave return band. The coding rules for the start and stop bits are the same as for the downlink band. The return information selection band has two bits, generating four commands. The return information selection band coding rules in Table 2 determine whether the return information is temperature, pressure, flow rate, or faucet opening. The return information coding band has six bits, generating 64 commands. Tables 4, 5, 6, and 7 respectively map the return information to the codes. The pressure wave carries parameter information and is transmitted back to the ground controller 2.

[0053] like Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a return band. The return information selection band code is "01". According to Table 2, the return information selection band coding table, "01" represents that the return wave carries pressure. The return information coding band code is "001100". According to Table 5, the return pressure band coding table, "001100" represents that the underground flow is 13 MPa.

[0054] Therefore, the borehole pressure wave coding communication method of the present invention realizes two-way information interaction between the surface and the well.

[0055] Table 1 Band coding table for downlink layer selection

[0056] Serial number Downlink Encoding instruction 1 00 Adjust the first layer of water tap 2 01 Adjust the second water spout 3 10 Adjust the third-layer faucet 4 11 Adjust the fourth layer of faucet

[0057] Table 2 Return information selection band coding table

[0058] Serial number Return Encoding Return information 1 00 temperature 2 01 pressure 3 10 flow 4 11 Water tap opening

[0059] Table 3 Downstream water nozzle opening band coding table

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] Table 4 Return temperature band coding table

[0063] Serial number Passback code temperature Serial number Passback code temperature Serial number Passback code temperature 1 000000 2℃ 21 010100 42℃ 41 101000 82℃ 2 000001 4℃ 22 010101 44℃ 42 101001 84℃ 3 000010 6℃ 23 010110 46℃ 43 101010 86℃ 4 000011 8℃ 24 010111 48℃ 44 101011 88℃ 5 000100 10℃ 25 011000 50℃ 45 101100 90℃ 6 000101 12℃ 26 011001 52℃ 46 101101 92℃ 7 000110 14℃ 27 011010 54℃ 47 101110 94℃ 8 000111 16℃ 28 011011 56℃ 48 101111 96℃ 9 001000 18℃ 29 011100 58℃ 49 110000 98℃ 10 001001 20℃ 30 011101 60℃ 50 110001 100℃ 11 001010 22℃ 31 011110 62℃ 51 110010 102℃ 12 001011 24℃ 32 011111 64℃ 52 110011 104℃ 13 001100 26℃ 33 100000 66℃ 53 110100 106℃ 14 001101 28℃ 34 100001 68℃ 54 110101 108℃ 15 001110 30℃ 35 100010 70℃ 55 110110 110℃ 16 001111 32℃ 36 100011 72℃ 56 110111 112℃ 17 010000 34℃ 37 100100 74℃ 57 111000 114℃ 18 010001 36℃ 38 100101 76℃ 58 111001 116℃ 19 010010 38℃ 39 100110 78℃ 59 111010 118℃ 20 010011 40℃ 40 100111 80℃ 60 111011 120℃

[0064] Table 5 Return pressure band coding table

[0065] Serial number Passback code Pressure / Mpa Serial number Passback code Pressure / Mpa Serial number Passback code Pressure / Mpa 1 000000 1 21 010100 21 41 101000 41 2 000001 2 22 010101 22 42 101001 42 3 000010 3 23 010110 23 43 101010 43 4 000011 4 24 010111 24 44 101011 44 5 000100 5 25 011000 25 45 101100 45 6 000101 6 26 011001 26 46 101101 46 7 000110 7 27 011010 27 47 101110 47 8 000111 8 28 011011 28 48 101111 48 9 001000 9 29 011100 29 49 110000 49 10 001001 10 30 011101 30 50 110001 50 11 001010 11 31 011110 31 51 110010 51 12 001011 12 32 011111 32 52 110011 52 13 001100 13 33 100000 33 53 110100 53 14 001101 14 34 100001 34 54 110101 54 15 001110 15 35 100010 35 55 110110 55 16 001111 16 36 100011 36 56 110111 56 17 010000 17 37 100100 37 57 111000 57 18 010001 18 38 100101 38 58 111001 58 19 010010 19 39 100110 39 59 111010 59 20 010011 20 40 100111 40 60 111011 60

[0066] Table 6 Return traffic band coding table

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] Table 7 Returned water tap opening band coding table

[0070] Serial number Passback code Opening Serial number Passback code Opening Serial number Passback code Opening 1 000000 0％ 18 010001 34％ 35 100010 68％ 2 000001 2％ 19 010010 36％ 36 100011 70％ 3 000010 4％ 20 010011 38％ 37 100100 72％ 4 000011 6％ 21 010100 40％ 38 100101 74％ 5 000100 8％ 22 010101 42％ 39 100110 76％ 6 000101 10％ 23 010110 44％ 40 100111 78％ 7 000110 12％ 24 010111 46％ 41 101000 80％ 8 000111 14％ 25 011000 48％ 42 101001 82％ 9 001000 16％ 26 011001 50％ 43 101010 84％ 10 001001 18％ 27 011010 52％ 44 101011 86％ 11 001010 20％ 28 011011 54％ 45 101100 88％ 12 001011 22％ 29 011100 56％ 46 101101 90％ 13 001100 24％ 30 011101 58％ 47 101110 92％ 14 001101 26％ 31 011110 60％ 48 101111 94％ 15 001110 28％ 32 011111 62％ 49 110000 96％ 16 001111 30％ 33 100000 64％ 50 110001 98％ 17 010000 32％ 34 100001 66％ 51 110010 100％

[0071] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable-free pressure-controlled intelligent water injection wellbore pressure wave coding communication method, characterized by: The oil pipe (7) in the wellbore is connected to the injection manifold (1) on the ground through a delivery pipe, a pressure relief valve (4) and a pipeline inlet valve (5) are installed on the delivery pipe, the injection manifold (1) is electrically connected to a ground controller (2), the ground controller (2) is wirelessly connected to the pressure relief valve (4) and the pipeline inlet valve (5), and the ground controller (2) can control the start and stop and operation of the injection manifold (1), the pressure relief valve (4) and the pipeline inlet valve (5) respectively; Pressure is applied to the oil pipe (7) through the injection manifold (1), and the surface controller (2) controls the pipeline inlet valve and the pressure relief valve (4) to open or close regularly, thereby generating regular pressure waves in the wellbore; The water injection mandrel receives the pressure wave signal, decodes it and makes corresponding instructions; By controlling the water nozzle switch of the water injection working cylinder, a corresponding pressure wave is generated; The downhole water injection mandrel sends data to the surface controller (2) through pressure waves. The surface controller (2) detects the corresponding waveform and decodes it to obtain the pressure, flow, temperature and opening degree data of the formation.

2. The cable-free pressure-controlled intelligent water injection wellbore pressure wave coding communication method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injection pressure of the injection manifold (1) is kept constant, and the pipeline inlet valve (5) is opened and the pressure relief valve (4) is closed by the ground controller (2). At this time, the pressure of the injection manifold (1) is transmitted into the oil pipe (7), and the oil pipe (7) is at high pressure; the pipeline inlet valve (5) is closed and the pressure relief valve (4) is opened by the ground controller (2). At this time, the pressure of the injection manifold (1) cannot be transmitted into the oil pipe (7), and the oil pipe (7) is at low pressure; the pressure wave is coded and standardized, and according to the need of the pressure wave instruction, the ground controller (2) regularly controls the opening or closing of the pipeline inlet valve and the pressure relief valve (4), thereby generating regular pressure waves.

3. The cable-free pressure-controlled intelligent water injection wellbore pressure wave coding communication method according to claim 2, characterized in that: A multi-layer water injection mandrel is provided in the oil pipe (7) of the wellbore, and a pressure sensor (16), a temperature sensor (17), a flow sensor (18) and an intelligent water distributor (19) are respectively installed on each layer of the water injection mandrel. The intelligent water distributor (19) is electrically connected to the pressure sensor (16), the temperature sensor (17), the flow sensor (18) and the water nozzle of the water injection mandrel. A circuit board is provided in the intelligent water distributor (19). The circuit board in the intelligent water distributor (19) can record information collected by the pressure sensor (16), the temperature sensor (17) and the flow sensor (18), and record the opening information of the water nozzle. At the same time, the intelligent water distributor (19) can also control the switch of the water nozzle. When the water injection mandrel receives the pressure wave signal from the ground, the circuit board in the intelligent water distributor (19) decodes it, and the intelligent water distributor (19) executes the corresponding water nozzle opening instruction and records the water nozzle opening, temperature, pressure and flow information at this time; the intelligent water distributor (19) adjusts the switch of the water nozzle to generate corresponding pressure waves, and the pressure waves carry the water nozzle opening, temperature, pressure and flow information back to the ground in batches, and are decoded by the ground controller (2) to obtain the parameter data downhole; Each layer of water injection mandrel can independently receive the pressure wave instruction sent from the ground, and after decoding and making corresponding instructions, it can adjust the switch of the water nozzle through the intelligent water distributor (19), generate corresponding pressure waves, and transmit the pressure waves carrying the water nozzle opening, temperature, pressure and flow information back to the ground.

4. The cable-free pressure-controlled intelligent water injection wellbore pressure wave coding communication method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure wave sent from the surface to the well is the down-transmission band, and the pressure wave sent from the well to the surface is the return band; The pressure waves in the injection wellbore are coded in a standardized manner. The downstream bands are the start position band, layer selection band, water nozzle opening band, and stop position band; the return bands are the start position band, return information type selection band, return information coding band, and stop position band. The number of bits in the downstream band and the return band waves is the same, which facilitates standardized coding and management.

5. The cable-free pressure-controlled intelligent water injection wellbore pressure wave coding communication method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure wave starting position band contains a high pressure of arbitrary time and a low pressure of fixed time, and the pressure wave stopping position band contains a high pressure of arbitrary time.

6. The cable-free pressure-controlled intelligent water injection wellbore pressure wave coding communication method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The layer selection band and the water nozzle opening band of the downlink band are both composed of wave positions, each wave position contains a high pressure, a low pressure and a pressure reversal. The layer selection band contains two wave positions, and the water nozzle opening band contains six wave positions.

7. The cable-free pressure-controlled intelligent water injection wellbore pressure wave coding communication method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The return information type selection band and the return information coding band of the return band are both composed of wave positions, each wave position includes a high pressure, a low pressure and a pressure reversal, the return information type selection band includes two wave positions, and the return information coding band includes six wave positions.

8. The cable-free pressure-controlled intelligent water injection wellbore pressure wave coding communication method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The combination of different layer selection bands and different water nozzle opening bands can realize the adjustment of the water nozzle opening of the downhole working cylinder of the water injection well from 0-100% by ground instructions; the combination of different return information type selection bands and different return information coding bands can realize the transmission of downhole temperature, pressure, flow, and water nozzle opening information to the ground.

9. The cable-free pressure-controlled intelligent water injection wellbore pressure wave coding communication method according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the duration of high and low pressure is the same, the code represents 0, and when the duration of low pressure is longer than that of high pressure, the code represents 1.

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