High-degree-of-freedom slope test system and method for multi-type geological disaster process simulation

Abstract

The invention provides a high-degree-of-freedom slope test system and method for multi-type geological disaster process simulation, and relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering test.The high-degree-of-freedom slope test system comprises a geological disaster simulation generation mechanism and a terrain regulation and control mechanism; the excitation push plate can move back and forth and is used for exciting a geological disaster body forwards after the lifting carrying platform ascends to a set height; the plurality of side slope panels can move back and forth, lift up and down and rotate vertically, and are spliced end to end along the front and back direction to form a test side slope with a single inclination angle or a plurality of inclination angles and a required side slope length; the slope panel at the rearmost end of the test slope is always connected to the lifting platform deck at the set height; the terrain insertion blocks with different sizes and shapes are designed as required; and the top surface of the slope panel is provided with an insertion groove for detachably inserting the terrain insertion block. According to the test system provided by the invention, the length, gradient and slope surface of a test slope can be flexibly adjusted, and a more accurate simulation test can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering testing technology, and in particular to a high-freedom slope testing system and method for simulating multiple types of geological disaster processes. Background Art

[0002] In the study of geological disaster simulation and engineering disaster prevention, physical model testing is an important means to analyze the causes of geological disasters such as collapse, landslides and debris flows. Traditional test methods mainly include two categories: one is based on a small-scale laboratory model box, which uses artificial loading to construct a simplified slope structure; the other is an in-situ field test, which uses natural slopes to induce disasters. However, model box tests are significantly affected by size effects. Traditional model boxes mostly use a fixed structure design, with fixed slope length and slope, which cannot be adjusted, making it difficult to truly reproduce complex geological conditions. Although field tests can maintain the in-situ stress state of the rock and soil, the disaster induction process is poorly controllable and is affected by environmental factors such as climate and topography, resulting in low test repeatability.

[0003] Therefore, a high-degree-of-freedom slope testing system and method for simulating multiple types of geological disaster processes is needed to at least partially solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention provide a high-degree-of-freedom slope test system and method for simulating multiple types of geological disaster processes, which can achieve flexible adjustment of the test slope length, slope and slope surface, thereby realizing more accurate simulation tests.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-degree-of-freedom slope test system for simulating multiple types of geological disaster processes. The test system includes a geological disaster simulation generating mechanism and a terrain control mechanism: The geological disaster simulation mechanism includes: frame; A lifting platform connected to the frame that can be raised and lowered is used to carry various types of geological disaster bodies; An excitation push plate that can move forward and backward and is provided on the frame, and is used to excite the geological disaster body forward after the lifting platform rises to a set height; The terrain control mechanism includes: Multiple slope panels that can move forward and backward, rise and fall, and rotate vertically are spliced end to end along the front-to-back direction to form a test slope of a desired slope length with a single or multiple inclination angles; the slope panel at the rear end of the test slope is always connected to the lifting platform at a set height; Terrain plugs of different sizes and shapes designed on demand; Wherein, the top surface of the slope panel is provided with a slot for detachably inserting the terrain plug.

[0006] According to the test system of the present invention, the gestation, development and instability evolution process of geological disasters can be reproduced through the geological disaster simulation occurrence mechanism. Through the terrain control mechanism, the length and slope of the test slope can be flexibly changed, and the slope surface can be flexibly reconstructed, which can more realistically reproduce complex geological conditions and thus achieve more accurate simulation experiments.

[0007] Optionally, the test system further includes a supporting walking mechanism corresponding to each slope panel, including: A plurality of vertical lifting rods are arranged in a row along the left-right direction, wherein the bottoms of the vertical lifting rods are fixed to the mounting seats, and the tops of the vertical lifting rods are pivotally connected to the slope panel via rotating shafts; A running wheel for supporting on the ground, the running wheel being connected to the mounting seat; A horizontal telescopic rod is arranged between two adjacent mounting seats.

[0008] Optionally, the test system further comprises: An operating table for setting the inclination angle of each slope panel, for calculating the height of the vertical lifting rod after the slope panel is reset, and for controlling the extension and retraction of each horizontal telescopic rod; an angle sensor provided to the slope panel for sensing an inclination angle of the slope panel; An angle drive mechanism provided at the top of the vertical lifting rod is used to drive the slope panel to rotate vertically; A height sensor provided at the top of the vertical lifting rod, for sensing the height of the vertical lifting rod; The controller corresponding to each column of vertical lifting rods is used to control the angle drive mechanism in the corresponding column of vertical lifting rods to operate until the inclination angle sensed by the angle sensor is equal to the corresponding set inclination angle, and is used to control the extension and retraction of the vertical lifting rods until the height sensed by the height sensor is equal to the corresponding calculated height.

[0009] Optionally, the test system is constructed as follows: except for the slope panel at the rear end, the other slope panels include a panel body connected to a vertical lifting rod and folding panels located at both ends along the front-to-back direction and connected to the panel body for flipping, so as to adjust the length of the test slope during the test.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a high-freedom slope testing method for simulating multiple types of geological disaster processes, including a testing system of the above technical solution.

[0011] Wherein, the test method comprises the following steps: After the multiple slope panels are spliced end to end along the front-to-back direction to form a test slope, terrain plugs of a set number and shape are inserted into the set positions of the slope panels of the test slope, and the geological disaster body is placed on the lifting platform; The lifting platform rises until it reaches the set height, and the push plate is activated to slowly push the geological disaster body forward. The geological disaster body slowly slides toward the test slope. During this period, water is discharged from the water outlet of the water tank and flushes the geological disaster body. The nozzle sprays water downward until the end of the test.

[0012] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a high-degree-of-freedom slope testing method for simulating multiple types of geological disaster processes, including a testing system of the above-mentioned technical solution.

[0013] Wherein, the test method comprises the following steps: After the slope test is completed, the operating console controls the extension of the horizontal telescopic rods to completely separate the multiple slope panels; The operating platform resets the inclination angle of each slope panel and calculates the height of each vertical lifting rod after the slope panel is reset. The calculation formula is as follows: It is assumed that the connection point between the vertical lifting rod and the slope panel is the middle position of the slope panel in the front-to-back direction; The height of the lifting platform is set. For the The length of the slope panel, For the The slope angle of the slope panel after adjustment is , Indicates the The height after the vertical lifting rod is adjusted; , is the total number of vertical lifting rods in the front-to-back direction, with the vertical lifting rods closest to the lifting platform defined as the first row of vertical lifting rods; The operating console sends the reset inclination angle of each slope panel and the calculated height data of the vertical lifting rod corresponding to each slope panel to the controller of the vertical lifting rod of the corresponding column respectively; The controller controls the corresponding slope panel to rotate vertically until the inclination angle sensed by the angle sensor is equal to the corresponding set inclination angle, and is used to control the vertical lifting rod to extend and retract until the height sensed by the height sensor is equal to the corresponding calculated height; After the height and inclination angle are changed, each controller sends a feedback signal to the operating console. After receiving the feedback signal, the operating console controls the contraction of each horizontal telescopic rod until multiple slope panels are spliced end to end in the front-to-back direction to form a test slope, preparing for the next slope test.

[0014] Additional advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will be set forth in part in the following description and will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the description and drawings.

[0015] Those skilled in the art will understand that the purposes and advantages that can be achieved by the present invention are not limited to the above specific descriptions, and the above and other purposes that can be achieved by the present invention will be more clearly understood based on the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings described herein are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. The components in the drawings are not drawn to scale, but are merely for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the present invention. To facilitate the illustration and description of certain portions of the present invention, corresponding portions in the drawings may be exaggerated, that is, may be larger than other components in an exemplary device actually manufactured according to the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall test system according to one embodiment of the present invention, in which the lifting platform is at a set height and the test slope has a single inclination angle; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an overall test system according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which the lifting platform is at a set height and the test slope has a single inclination angle; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection between the slope panel and the vertical lifting rod (part) in the test system according to one embodiment of the present invention, in which the folding plate at one end of the slope panel is in a folded state and the folding plate at the other end is in an unfolded state; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a test slope formed by splicing multiple slope panels in a test system according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, Figure 4 (a) is a schematic diagram of the splicing of the slope panel when it is not folded. Figure 4 (b) is a schematic diagram of the splicing of the slope panel when it is folded; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the connections between an operating table, a controller, a horizontal telescopic rod, a vertical lifting rod, an angle drive mechanism, an angle sensor, and a height sensor in a test system according to an embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 6 Schematic diagram of calculating the height of a vertical lifting rod in a test method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Description of reference numerals: 100. Test system; 110, frame; 111, front vertical plate; 112, rear vertical plate; 113, transition plate; 120. Lifting platform; 130, excitation push plate; 131, installation plate; 140. Test slope; 141. Slope panel; 142. Panel body; 143. Folding plate; 144. Slot; 145. Terrain plug; 150, vertical lifting rod; 151, horizontal telescopic rod; 160. Operating console; 161. Angle sensor; 162. Height sensor; 163. Controller; 171. Front support frame; 172. Rear support frame; 173. Crossbar; 174. Nozzle; 175. Mounting platform; 176. Water tank; W1. Geological disaster simulation organization; W2. Terrain control mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The objects and functions of the present invention, as well as methods for achieving these objects and functions, will be clarified with reference to exemplary embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments disclosed below; it can be implemented in various forms. The essence of the description is merely to help those skilled in the relevant art to comprehensively understand the specific details of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0020] Ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" cited in the present invention are merely identifiers and do not have any other meanings, such as a specific order, etc. Moreover, for example, the term "first component" itself does not imply the existence of a "second component", and the term "second component" itself does not imply the existence of a "first component".

[0021] It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "inside", "outside" and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only and are not limiting.

[0022] The present invention provides a high-degree-of-freedom slope testing system 100 for simulating multiple types of geological disaster processes. The testing system 100 can be applied, for example, to geotechnical engineering testing technology, such as for geological disaster process simulation testing. This system can address the low degree of simulation of existing geological disaster processes and the difficulty in realistically reproducing complex geological conditions.

[0023] Geological disasters refer to geological processes or phenomena caused by natural or human factors that result in loss of life and property, and damage to the environment. The temporal and spatial distribution patterns of geological disasters are both constrained by the natural environment and related to human activities, often resulting from the interaction between humans and nature. Examples include collapses, landslides, debris flows, ground fissures, ground subsidence, ground collapse, rock bursts, tunnel water inrush, mud inrush, gas inrush, spontaneous combustion of coal seams, loess subsidence, rock and soil expansion, sand liquefaction, freeze-thaw, soil erosion, desertification and swamping, soil salinization, as well as earthquakes, volcanoes, and geothermal hazards. The test system of this embodiment is suitable for simulation tests of collapses, landslides, and debris flows.

[0024] The present invention provides a high degree of freedom slope test system 100 for simulating multiple types of geological disaster processes. In a preferred embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The overall schematic diagram of the test system according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The lifting platform is at a set height and the test slope has a single inclination angle. The test system 100 may include a geological disaster simulation mechanism W1 and a terrain control mechanism W2.

[0025] Specifically, the geological disaster simulation mechanism W1 may include a frame 110 , a lifting platform 120 and an excitation push plate 130 .

[0026] The type of the frame 110 is not strictly limited.

[0027] The lifting platform 120 is connected to the frame 110 and can be raised and lowered. The top surface of the lifting platform 120 is used to carry various types of geological disaster bodies required (such as soil piles, mud and rock mixed soil piles, etc.). For example, the lifting platform 120 can be driven up and down by a lifting mechanism. One end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the frame 110, and the other end is connected to the lifting platform 120. There is no limit to the specific type of the lifting mechanism, such as a hydraulic lifting platform, an electric lifting rod, etc. When the lifting platform 120 is in its original position (lower position), a geological disaster body is then placed on its top surface. The lifting platform 120 gradually rises through the lifting mechanism until it reaches the set height. The whole process can vividly simulate the gestation of geological disasters.

[0028] To facilitate installation of the lifting mechanism and the vertical movement of the lifting platform 120, the frame 110 includes a front vertical panel 111 and a rear vertical panel 112 spaced apart in the front-to-back direction. The space between the front vertical panel 111 and the rear vertical panel 112 facilitates installation of the lifting mechanism. The lifting platform 120 can move up and down along the inner walls of the front vertical panel 111 and the rear vertical panel 112.

[0029] A horizontal transition plate 113 is also provided on top of the front vertical panel 111. The rear end of the transition plate 113 can be horizontally connected to the lifting platform 120 when it is at a set height. The front end of the transition plate 113 is pivotally connected to the rearmost slope panel 141, allowing the rearmost slope panel 141 to adjust its inclination and remain connected to the transition plate 113. The transition plate 113 connects the lifting platform 120 and the test slope 140.

[0030] A forward-and-backward-moving excitation push plate 130 attached to the frame 110 is used to excite the geological hazard object forward after the lifting platform 120 rises to a set height, pushing it toward and completely sliding it toward the test slope 140. By pushing the geological hazard object with the excitation push plate 130, the development and instability evolution of the geological hazard can be vividly simulated.

[0031] In order to realize the front-back movement of the excitation push plate 130 , the excitation push plate 130 can be pushed and pulled by a push-pull mechanism such as a push-pull telescopic rod. The push-pull telescopic rod is connected to the frame 110 through the mounting plate 131.

[0032] The terrain control mechanism W2 includes multiple slope panels 141 that can move forward and backward, rise and fall, and rotate vertically. These panels 141 can be of the same or different sizes. These panels 141 are joined end-to-end along the front-to-back direction to form a test slope 140 with a desired slope length and a single or multiple inclination angle. The rearmost slope panel 141 in the test slope 140 is always connected to the lifting platform 120 when it is at a set height.

[0033] Terrain plugs 145 of varying sizes and shapes are designed as needed. Accordingly, the top surface of the slope panel 141 is provided with slots 144 for removably receiving these terrain plugs 145. By inserting terrain plugs 145 of varying numbers, positions, and shapes into the test slope 140, the slope surface can be flexibly reconfigured, simulating a wide variety of slopes. This modular plug-in structure effectively improves the efficiency of test terrain configuration.

[0034] The test system 100 according to the present invention, through its geological disaster simulation mechanism W1, can recreate the gestation, development, and instability evolution of geological disasters. Through its terrain control mechanism W2, it can flexibly adjust the length and slope of the test slope 140, as well as flexibly reconstruct the slope surface. This allows for a more realistic reproduction of complex geological conditions, enabling more accurate simulation experiments, continuous slope adjustment, slope surface reconstruction, and multi-hazard chain evolution simulation. Compared to traditional test devices, this effectively addresses the technical challenges of insufficient fidelity in small-scale models and significant safety risks in field testing. It is particularly suitable for studying the catastrophic mechanisms of major engineering slopes and validating prevention and control technologies, providing reliable support for the stability assessment and prevention and control technology research of major engineering slopes.

[0035] refer to Figure 2 In order to achieve a more realistic simulation test, the test system 100 according to the present invention may further include a front support frame 171 and a rear support frame 172 erected at both ends along the front-to-back direction. A crossbar 173 extending along the front-to-back direction is provided between the front support frame 171 and the rear support frame 172. The number of crossbars 173 is set as needed, and may be one or more. A nozzle 174 is provided on the portion of the crossbar 173 located directly above the test slope 140, which is used to simulate rainfall on the test slope, and can simulate the movement process of the rock and soil mass on the test slope 140 under rainfall conditions.

[0036] The installation platform 175 is installed on the front support frame 171 or the rear support frame 172. The installation position is not limited. The installation platform 175 is provided with a water tank 176. In order to prevent the installation platform 175 and the water tank 176 from interfering with the test slope 140 as much as possible, the installation platform 175 is preferably installed on the rear support frame 172. Figure 2 The water tank 176 is connected to the crossbar 173 to supply water thereto. The water tank 176 also has a water outlet (not shown) facing the lifting platform 120 when it is at a set height, which is used to simulate flooding the geological disaster object (such as rock and soil) on the lifting platform 120.

[0037] Furthermore, in order to achieve stable placement of the slope panels 141, the test system 100 of this embodiment further includes a supporting walking mechanism corresponding to each slope panel 141. Figure 1 The supporting walking mechanism may include a plurality of vertical lifting rods 150 arranged in a row along the left-right direction. The bottom of the vertical lifting rods 150 is fixed to the mounting base. The top of the vertical lifting rods 150 is pivotally connected to the slope panel 141 to achieve the change of the inclination angle of the slope panel 141.

[0038] The running wheels (e.g., universal wheels) are used for supporting on the ground and are connected to the mounting base. The running wheels facilitate the front and rear movement of the slope panel 141 along the front-rear direction.

[0039] The horizontal telescopic rod 151 disposed between two adjacent mounting seats is used to push and pull the slope panel 141 forward and backward. In order to make the slope panel 141 more stable when moving forward and backward, an adaptively foldable telescopic grid can also be provided between the bottom shells of the two adjacent vertical lifting rods 150.

[0040] Furthermore, the connection point between the vertical lifting rod 150 and the corresponding slope panel 141 may not be specifically limited. For ease of installation, the connection point between the vertical lifting rod 150 and the corresponding slope panel 141 may be the middle position of the slope panel 141 along the front-to-back direction.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The test system 100 can also be constructed as follows: except for the slope panel 141 at the rear end, the other slope panels 141 include a panel body 142 connected to the vertical lifting rod 150 and a folding panel 143 located at both ends along the front-to-back direction and connected to the panel body 142 in a flip manner, so as to further adjust the length of the test slope 140 during the test.

[0042] According to the test needs, see Figure 4 (a) and Figure 4 (b) The folding plate 143 can be fully or partially folded to further adjust the length (fore-aft direction) of the test slope 140 during testing. Specifically, a folding connector can be provided at the folding location to allow the folding plate 143 to rest at both horizontal and tilted angles relative to the plate body 142. The folding connector can utilize existing technology and is not a claimed innovation in this application, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0043] See also Figure 5 According to the test system 100 of this embodiment, the test system 100 may further include: The operating platform 160 is used to set the inclination angle of each slope panel 141, to calculate the height of the vertical lifting rod 150 after the inclination angle of the slope panel 141 is reset, and to control the extension and retraction of each horizontal telescopic rod 151.

[0044] The angle sensor 161 provided to the side slope panel 141 is used to sense the inclination angle of the side slope panel 141 .

[0045] An angle driving mechanism provided to the top of the vertical lifting rod 150 is used to drive the slope panel 141 to rotate vertically.

[0046] A height sensor 162 provided to the top of the vertical lifting mast 150 is used to sense the height of the vertical lifting mast 150 .

[0047] A controller 163 is provided on the mounting base corresponding to each column of vertical lifting rods 150, and is used to control the angle driving mechanism in the corresponding column of vertical lifting rods 150 to operate until the inclination angle sensed by the angle sensor 161 is equal to the corresponding set inclination angle, and is used to control the extension and retraction of the vertical lifting rods 150 until the height sensed by the height sensor 162 is equal to the corresponding calculated height.

[0048] Through the structures such as the operating platform 160, the angle sensor 161, the angle driving mechanism, the height sensor 162 and the controller 163, the test system 100 of this embodiment can automatically adjust the inclination angle of the test slope 140, saving time and labor.

[0049] Among them, the angle driving mechanism can adopt existing technology, for example, a gear (named as a driving gear for distinction) is driven to rotate by the output shaft of the rotating motor, and a passive gear is fixed on the rotating shaft connected to the slope panel 141 at the top of the vertical lifting rod 150, and the active gear is meshed and connected to the passive gear, thereby realizing the vertical rotation of the slope panel 141 driven by the angle driving mechanism.

[0050] In summary, the test system 100 according to the present invention can flexibly change the length and slope of the test slope 140, and flexibly reconstruct the slope surface, more realistically reproduce complex geological conditions, and thus achieve more accurate simulation experiments; in addition, based on structures such as the operating console 160, angle sensor 161, height sensor 162 and controller 163, the inclination angle of the test slope 140 can be automatically adjusted.

[0051] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a high-degree-of-freedom slope testing method for simulating multiple types of geological disaster processes based on the testing system 100 of the above embodiment.

[0052] The following briefly describes the process of the test method of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] After multiple slope panels 141 are spliced end to end along the front-to-back direction to form the test slope 140 , terrain plugs 145 of a set number and shape are inserted into the set positions of each slope panel 141 of the test slope 140 , and the geological disaster body is placed on the lifting platform 120 .

[0054] The lifting platform 120 rises until it reaches the set height, activating the push plate 130 to slowly push the geological disaster body forward, and the geological disaster body slowly slides toward the test slope 140. During this period, water is discharged from the water outlet of the water tank and flushes the geological disaster body, and the nozzle sprays water downward until the test is completed.

[0055] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a high-degree-of-freedom slope testing method for simulating multiple types of geological disaster processes based on the testing system 100 of the aforementioned embodiment. It should be noted that this testing method is not related to the testing method disclosed in the second aspect. That is, this testing method is not limited to the specific steps of the slope test disclosed in the second aspect.

[0056] The following briefly describes the process of the test method of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] After the slope test is completed, the operating platform 160 controls the horizontal telescopic rods 151 to extend, so that the plurality of slope panels 141 are completely separated from each other.

[0058] The operating platform 160 resets the inclination angle of each slope panel 141 and calculates the height of each vertical lifting rod 150 after the slope panel 141 resets its inclination angle. Figure 6 , where the calculation formula is as follows: It is assumed that the connection point between the vertical lifting rod 150 and the slope panel 141 is the middle position of the slope panel 141 along the front-back direction; is the set height of the lifting platform 120, For the The length of the slope panel, For the The slope angle of the slope panel after adjustment is . Indicates the The height after the vertical lifting rod is adjusted; , is the total number of vertical lifting rods in the front-to-back direction, with the vertical lifting rods closest to the lifting platform being defined as the first row of vertical lifting rods.

[0059] The operating console sends the reset inclination angle of each slope panel and the calculated height data of the vertical lifting rod corresponding to each slope panel to the controller 163 of the vertical lifting rod of the corresponding column.

[0060] The controller 163 controls the corresponding slope panel to rotate vertically until the inclination angle sensed by the angle sensor 161 is equal to the corresponding set inclination angle, and is used to control the vertical lifting rod to extend and retract until the height sensed by the height sensor 162 is equal to the corresponding calculated height.

[0061] After the height and inclination are changed, each controller 163 sends a feedback signal to the operating table 160. After receiving the feedback signal, the operating table 160 controls the horizontal telescopic rods 151 to retract until multiple slope panels are spliced end to end in the front-to-back direction to form a test slope 140, preparing for the next slope test.

[0062] According to the test method of the embodiment of the present invention, the inclination angle of the test slope can be automatically adjusted, which saves manpower and improves test efficiency.

[0063] Other embodiments of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the description and practice of the invention disclosed herein. The description and embodiments are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present invention are defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A high degree of freedom slope test system for simulating multiple types of geological disaster processes, characterized by: The test system includes a geological disaster simulation mechanism and a terrain control mechanism: The geological disaster simulation mechanism includes: frame; A lifting platform connected to the frame that can be raised and lowered is used to carry various types of geological disaster objects required; An excitation push plate that can move forward and backward and is provided on the frame, and is used to excite the geological disaster body forward after the lifting platform rises to a set height; The terrain control mechanism includes: Multiple slope panels that can move forward and backward, rise and fall, and rotate vertically are spliced end to end along the front-to-back direction to form a test slope of a desired slope length with a single or multiple inclination angles; the slope panel at the rear end of the test slope is always connected to the lifting platform at a set height; Terrain plugs of different sizes and shapes designed on demand; Wherein, the top surface of the slope panel is provided with a slot for detachably inserting the terrain plug.

2. The test system according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a supporting walking mechanism corresponding to each slope panel, including: A plurality of vertical lifting rods are arranged in a row along the left-right direction, wherein the bottoms of the vertical lifting rods are fixed to the mounting seats, and the tops of the vertical lifting rods are pivotally connected to the slope panel via rotating shafts; A running wheel for supporting on the ground, the running wheel being connected to the mounting seat; A horizontal telescopic rod is arranged between two adjacent mounting seats.

3. The test system according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a lifting mechanism for driving the lifting platform to move up and down, one end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the frame, and the other end is connected to the lifting platform; It also includes an excitation mechanism for driving the excitation push plate to move back and forth, the excitation mechanism including: A push-pull telescopic rod is used for pushing and pulling the push plate to move forward and backward, and the push-pull telescopic rod is connected to the frame through a mounting plate.

4. The test system according to claim 1, characterized in that The connection point between the vertical lifting rod and the corresponding slope panel is the middle position of the slope panel in the front-to-back direction; The test system further comprises: A front support frame and a rear support frame are erected at both ends along the front-to-back direction, a cross bar extending along the front-to-back direction is provided between the front and rear support frames, and a nozzle is provided on the portion of the cross bar directly above the test slope for simulating rainfall on the test slope; An installation platform is provided to the front support frame or the rear support frame, and a water tank is provided on the installation platform. The liquid in the water tank is connected to the cross bar to supply water thereto; the water tank is also provided with a water outlet facing the lifting platform when it is at a set height, so as to simulate a flood washing away the geological disaster body on the lifting platform.

5. The test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: An operating table for setting the inclination angle of each slope panel, for calculating the height of the vertical lifting rod after the slope panel is reset, and for controlling the extension and retraction of each horizontal telescopic rod; an angle sensor provided to the slope panel for sensing an inclination angle of the slope panel; An angle drive mechanism provided at the top of the vertical lifting rod is used to drive the slope panel to rotate vertically; A height sensor provided at the top of the vertical lifting rod, for sensing the height of the vertical lifting rod; A controller corresponding to each column of vertical lifting rods is set on the mounting base, which is used to control the angle drive mechanism in the corresponding column of vertical lifting rods to operate until the inclination angle sensed by the angle sensor is equal to the corresponding set inclination angle, and is used to control the extension and retraction of the vertical lifting rods until the height sensed by the height sensor is equal to the corresponding calculated height.

6. The test system according to claim 1, characterized in that The frame includes a front vertical plate and a rear vertical plate spaced apart in the front-to-back direction, and the lifting platform can move up and down along the inner wall surfaces of the front vertical plate and the rear vertical plate; A horizontal transition plate is also provided on the top of the front vertical plate, the rear end of the transition plate can be horizontally connected to the lifting platform at a set height, and the front end of the transition plate is rotatably connected to the slope panel at the rear end.

7. The test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adaptively foldable telescopic grid is also provided between the bottom shells of two adjacent vertical lifting rods.

8. The test system according to claim 1, characterized in that The test system is constructed as follows: except for the slope panel at the rear end, the other slope panels include a panel body connected to a vertical lifting rod and folding panels located at both ends along the front-to-back direction and connected to the panel body for flipping, so as to adjust the length of the test slope during the test.

9. A high degree of freedom slope test method for simulating multiple types of geological disaster processes, based on the test system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: After the multiple slope panels are spliced end to end along the front-to-back direction to form a test slope, terrain plugs of a set number and shape are inserted into the set positions of the slope panels of the test slope, and the geological disaster body is placed on the lifting platform; The lifting platform rises until it reaches the set height, and the push plate is activated to slowly push the geological disaster body forward. The geological disaster body slowly slides toward the test slope. During this period, water is discharged from the water outlet of the water tank and flushes the geological disaster body. The nozzle sprays water downward until the end of the test.

10. A high degree of freedom slope test method for simulating multiple types of geological disaster processes, based on the test system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: After the slope test is completed, the operating console controls the extension of the horizontal telescopic rods to completely separate the multiple slope panels; The operating platform resets the inclination angle of each slope panel and calculates the height of each vertical lifting rod after the slope panel is reset. The calculation formula is as follows: It is assumed that the connection point between the vertical lifting rod and the slope panel is the middle position of the slope panel in the front-to-back direction; The height of the lifting platform is set. For the The length of the slope panel, For the The slope angle of the slope panel after adjustment is , Indicates the The height after the vertical lifting rod is adjusted; , is the total number of vertical lifting rods in the front-to-back direction, with the vertical lifting rods closest to the lifting platform defined as the first row of vertical lifting rods; The operating console sends the reset inclination angle of each slope panel and the calculated height data of the vertical lifting rod corresponding to each slope panel to the controller of the vertical lifting rod of the corresponding column respectively; The controller controls the corresponding slope panel to rotate vertically until the inclination angle sensed by the angle sensor is equal to the corresponding set inclination angle, and is used to control the vertical lifting rod to extend and retract until the height sensed by the height sensor is equal to the corresponding calculated height; After the height and inclination angle are changed, each controller sends a feedback signal to the operating console. After receiving the feedback signal, the operating console controls the contraction of each horizontal telescopic rod until multiple slope panels are spliced end to end in the front-to-back direction to form a test slope, preparing for the next slope test.

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