Railway power supply panel insulation detection device and method based on resistance voltage division

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of insulation detection of railway signal power supply panels, and relates to a railway power supply panel insulation detection device and method based on resistance voltage division. The output end of the program-controlled adjustable power supply module is connected to a power supply bus of a power supply screen; the power supply bus is electrically connected with each power supply module; the multi-way switch matrix module comprises (2n + 1) programmed switches from K0 to K2n; the resistor module comprises a plurality of resistors which are connected in series with each power supply loop and is used for converting the leakage current into a voltage division signal; the signal acquisition module is connected in parallel with the detection resistor module and is used for acquiring a voltage division signal; and the logic control and detection module is used for setting the output voltage of the program-controlled adjustable power supply module, controlling the on-off of the program-controlled switch, obtaining a partial voltage value based on the partial voltage signal and outputting a detection result. The insulation state of the power supply screen equipment or the power supply loop can be detected in real time, and the safety and reliability of a railway power supply system are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of insulation detection of railway signal power panels, and relates to a device and method for insulation detection of railway power panels based on resistance voltage division. Background Art

[0002] As the core power supply equipment of the railway signaling system, railway signal power panels are responsible for providing stable and reliable power to key equipment such as track circuits, signal machines, and interlocking systems. The power panel system includes a variety of power modules to meet the power supply requirements of different devices. These modules receive power from the power bus and output power circuits with different voltage levels and energy forms.

[0003] However, existing technologies for insulation testing power panels rely primarily on manual, periodic testing using a megohmmeter. This method is not only complex and inefficient, but also requires power outages, preventing real-time monitoring and severely impacting the reliable operation of railway signaling systems. In practice, traditional testing methods suffer from significant technical drawbacks: Test accuracy is significantly affected by human factors, making it difficult to detect early signs of insulation degradation; They lack intelligent testing methods, preventing historical data comparison and trend analysis; The testing process presents safety risks, and testing cannot be performed while the equipment is operating; Operational and maintenance costs are high, requiring specialized personnel and equipment.

[0004] More significantly, existing online insulation monitoring devices suffer from technical bottlenecks such as complex circuits, high costs, poor anti-interference capabilities, and insufficient adaptability. These limitations make it difficult to meet the stringent insulation testing requirements of railway signal power panels, which require real-time, accurate, and reliable testing. In harsh environments such as humidity and dust, the errors of traditional testing methods increase, severely restricting the safe operation of railway power supply systems. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new insulation testing technology that can address the real-time, accuracy, and safety limitations of existing testing methods and ensure the stable and reliable operation of railway signal power panels. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a railway power supply panel insulation detection device and method based on resistance voltage division, which can detect the insulation status of the power supply panel equipment or power supply circuit in real time to ensure the safety and reliability of the railway power supply system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a railway power supply panel insulation detection device based on resistance voltage division, comprising: A programmable adjustable power supply module, the output end of which is connected to the power supply bus of the power supply panel; the power supply bus is electrically connected to each power supply module; The multi-way switch matrix module includes 2n+1 programmable switches, K0 to K2n; K0 is a grounding switch connected to the ground wire; K1 to Kn are respectively electrically connected to the positive conductors of the power supply circuits of each power module; and Kn+1 to K2n are respectively connected to the negative conductors of the power supply circuits of each power module. A resistance module, comprising a ground detection branch resistor and multiple inter-loop detection branch resistors; the ground detection branch resistor is connected in series in the K0 grounding loop; the multiple inter-loop detection branch resistors are connected in series in each power supply loop; the resistance module is used to convert the leakage current into a voltage division signal; A signal acquisition module is connected in parallel with the detection resistor module to obtain a voltage division signal; The logic control and detection module is electrically connected to the programmable adjustable power supply module, the multi-way switch matrix module, and the signal acquisition module, respectively, and is used to set the output voltage of the programmable adjustable power supply module, control the on and off of the programmable switch, obtain the divided voltage value based on the divided voltage signal, and output the detection result.

[0007] Preferably, the logic control and detection module realizes two detection modes by controlling the timing on and off of each switch of the multi-way switch matrix module: Power supply circuit insulation detection mode: Control K1~Kn to conduct with K0 in sequence to detect the insulation status of the positive pole of each power module to the ground; control Kn+1~K2n to conduct with K0 in sequence to detect the insulation status of the negative pole of each power module to the ground; Insulation detection mode between power supply circuits: Control the conduction between K1~K2n in pairs to detect the insulation status between different power modules.

[0008] Preferably, the action logic of the multi-way switch matrix module includes: Power supply circuit to ground insulation detection mode: perform 2n-step sequential detection, trigger K1~K2n and K0 to conduct for 1 second and then turn off; Insulation detection mode between power supply circuits: Execute 4n 2 Step combination detection, trigger Ki and Kj to turn on for 1 second and then turn off, i=1~2n, j=1~2n, and skip the preset invalid combination.

[0009] Preferably, the invalid combination includes: a switch combination between the positive and negative circuits of the same power module and a preset switch combination between electrical isolation circuits.

[0010] Preferably, the output voltage range of the programmable adjustable power supply module is DC200V-600V.

[0011] Preferably, each power supply module includes a 24V DC power supply, a 48V DC power supply, a 220V DC power supply and a 25V AC power supply.

[0012] Preferably, the resistance value of each resistor in the resistance module is dynamically adjusted according to the output voltage of the programmable adjustable power supply module and the expected leakage current threshold.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes an ambient temperature and humidity sensor connected to the logic control and detection module; the logic control and detection module dynamically corrects the resistance value of each resistor according to the measurement parameters of the ambient temperature and humidity sensor.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes an alarm module, which is connected to the logic control and detection module; when the obtained divided voltage value exceeds the preset insulation fault threshold, the logic control and detection module triggers the alarm module to emit an audible and visual alarm signal, and generates an alarm log containing fault location information.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for detecting insulation of a railway power supply panel based on resistance voltage division, comprising the following steps: S1: Initialize the detection system and set the output voltage of the programmable adjustable power module; S2: Turn on the switch combination between each power supply circuit and the ground line in sequence, collect the first voltage division signal of the resistance module and calculate the insulation resistance value to ground; S3: Turn on the switch combinations between different power supply circuits in sequence, collect the second voltage division signal of the resistance module and calculate the insulation resistance value between the circuits; S4: Determine whether the insulation resistance to ground and the insulation resistance between loops exceed a threshold value, and generate an insulation status report.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention realizes fully automatic insulation detection of multiple power supply circuits of the power supply panel through the coordinated control of the programmable adjustable power supply module and the multi-way switch matrix, solving the technical problems of low efficiency and poor real-time performance of traditional manual detection; by adopting the resistance voltage division principle combined with the signal acquisition module, accurate measurement of insulation resistance can be achieved, significantly improving detection reliability; through the multi-way switch matrix module, both insulation detection to the ground and insulation testing between complex circuits can be completed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a railway power panel insulation detection device based on resistance voltage division according to the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the circuit of the logic control and detection module of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, K0~K16: programmable switches; Z1~Z4: detection branch resistance between loops. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," etc. appear, the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the inventive product is typically placed when in use. These terms are merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0026] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: The first object of the present invention is to provide a railway power supply panel insulation detection device based on resistance voltage division, such as Figure 1 As shown, including: A programmable adjustable power supply module (output voltage range is DC200V-600V), the output end of which is connected to the power supply bus of the power supply panel; the power supply bus is electrically connected to each power supply module; The multi-way switch matrix module includes 2n+1 programmable switches (preferably optocoupler isolation relays) from K0 to K2n. K0 is a grounding switch connected to the ground wire. K1 to Kn are electrically connected to the positive conductors of the power supply circuits of the power modules. Kn+1 to K2n are electrically connected to the negative conductors of the power supply circuits of the power modules. A resistance module, comprising a ground detection branch resistor and multiple inter-loop detection branch resistors; the ground detection branch resistor is connected in series in the K0 grounding loop; the multiple inter-loop detection branch resistors are connected in series in each power supply loop; the resistance module is used to convert the leakage current into a voltage division signal; A signal acquisition module is connected in parallel with the detection resistor module to obtain a voltage division signal; The logic control and detection module is electrically connected to the programmable adjustable power supply module, the multi-way switch matrix module, and the signal acquisition module, respectively, and is used to set the output voltage of the programmable adjustable power supply module, control the on and off of the programmable switch, obtain the divided voltage value based on the divided voltage signal, and output the detection result.

[0027] The present invention realizes fully automatic insulation detection of multiple power supply circuits of the power supply panel through the coordinated control of the programmable adjustable power supply module and the multi-way switch matrix, solving the technical problems of low efficiency and poor real-time performance of traditional manual detection; by adopting the resistance voltage division principle combined with the signal acquisition module, the insulation resistance measurement accuracy of ±1% can be achieved within a wide voltage range of DC200V-600V, significantly improving the detection reliability; the multi-way switch matrix module can complete both insulation detection to the ground and insulation testing between complex circuits.

[0028] The modular design of the present invention enables the device to adapt to railway power panels of different specifications. Customization requirements can be met by simply adjusting the switch matrix wiring method, significantly reducing the maintenance cost of the railway system. In addition, the logic control and detection module can not only output the insulation status in real time, but also predict insulation aging trends through historical data analysis, providing data support for preventive maintenance, and comprehensively improving the safety and intelligent operation and maintenance level of the railway power supply system.

[0029] The logic control and detection module realizes two detection modes by controlling the timing on and off of each switch of the multi-way switch matrix module: Power supply circuit insulation detection mode: Control K1~Kn to conduct with K0 in sequence to detect the insulation status of the positive pole of each power module to the ground; control Kn+1~K2n to conduct with K0 in sequence to detect the insulation status of the negative pole of each power module to the ground; Insulation detection mode between power supply circuits: Control the conduction between K1~K2n in pairs to detect the insulation status between different power modules.

[0030] This invention achieves comprehensive detection of the insulation status of railway power panels through a dual-mode detection mechanism: on the one hand, a time-sharing, multiplexed ground detection mode can systematically evaluate the insulation performance of the positive and negative poles of each power module to the ground, effectively identifying single-point ground faults; on the other hand, through an intelligently combined inter-loop detection mode, it can accurately detect the insulation status between different power modules and promptly identify potential short-circuit risks between lines. This dual-mode collaborative detection design not only ensures the comprehensiveness and reliability of detection, but also avoids system conflicts that may be caused by traditional detection methods through optimized switch timing control, providing dual protection for the safe operation of railway power systems.

[0031] Exemplarily, the action logic of the multi-way switch matrix module includes: Power supply circuit to ground insulation detection mode: perform 2n-step sequential detection, trigger K1~K2n and K0 to conduct for 1 second and then turn off; Insulation detection mode between power supply circuits: Execute 4n 2 Step combination detection, trigger Ki and Kj to turn on for 1 second and then turn off, i=1~2n, j=1~2n, and skip the preset invalid combination.

[0032] The present invention achieves comprehensive coverage and intelligent avoidance of insulation detection of railway power panels through switch matrix control logic. Specifically, the step-by-step ground detection mode can systematically evaluate the insulation status of each circuit to the ground, ensuring that no detection is missed; through the intelligent combination of inter-circuit detection modes, the insulation performance between different circuits can be accurately identified, and at the same time, the invalid combination avoidance mechanism effectively prevents the risk of system conflict during the detection process. It not only ensures the integrity and accuracy of the detection, but also avoids equipment damage that may be caused by misoperation through preset safety logic, providing double protection for the safe operation and maintenance of the railway power supply system.

[0033] like Figure 2 Figure 2 shows the circuit diagram of the logic control and detection module. It primarily consists of interfaces, diodes, resistors, operational amplifiers, and a power conversion chip. The circuit board receives a 5V power input via the VCC interface. This input power is filtered by capacitor C14 to remove high-frequency noise and ensure a stable +5V power supply for the circuit. Signals enter the circuit board via Header 2H interface (J2). The input signal first passes through diode D37 and then through resistor R80 for voltage division or current limiting. After preliminary processing, the signal enters integrated circuit U8, which isolates and amplifies the input signal to improve the circuit's interference resistance. U8's pins include VDD1, VDDI (power input), INP, INN (signal input), OUTP, OUTN (signal output), GNDI, and GND2 (ground). Signals are converted and transmitted within U8 via these pins. U8's output signals (OUTP and OUTN) are connected to the inputs of operational amplifier U10A through resistors R76 and R77. Operational amplifier U10A further amplifies or buffers the input signal to meet the input requirements of subsequent circuits or devices. The processed signal from operational amplifier U10A is output via the AMP SINGLE1 interface, serving as the final output signal from the circuit board. The circuit board also features multiple ground pins (GND), which connect to the board's ground plane to provide a stable reference potential for the circuit, ensuring stability and interference immunity. When a 500V DC voltage is applied to the detection circuit, a series resistor divider reduces the voltage across the precision voltage sense resistor to within the acceptable range of the AMC1311 chip. An SM4CANB-02HTG TVS diode provides overvoltage protection for the input signal. After passing through a filter capacitor, the signal enters pins 2 (positive input) and 4 (input ground) of the op amp chip. The signal then passes through the LM358 chip to form a differential signal feedback circuit, removing noise and converting the sensor signal into a standard voltage output. The signal then enters the microcontroller (STM32F103VCT6) for analog-to-digital conversion. After calculation, the signal outputs the insulation test results and corresponding alarm information.

[0034] Illustratively, the present invention can simultaneously perform insulation testing on power modules of different voltage levels and types in a railway power supply panel, including 24V / 48V / 220V DC power supplies and 25V AC power supplies of various specifications (each power supply is configured with corresponding power supply loop resistors Z1~Z4), effectively solving the technical problem that traditional detection equipment cannot adapt to the coexistence of multiple types of power supplies in the railway power supply panel, realizing unified detection and centralized management of complex power supply systems, significantly improving detection efficiency and system applicability, and providing reliable technical support for standardized maintenance of railway power supply panels.

[0035] The resistance value of each resistor in the resistance module is dynamically adjusted according to the output voltage of the programmable adjustable power supply module and the expected leakage current threshold, which not only ensures the measurement safety under high-voltage conditions, but also takes into account the measurement accuracy during low-voltage detection. It effectively solves the problem of insufficient adaptability of traditional fixed resistance detection methods in wide voltage range applications, and provides flexible and accurate technical support for insulation status monitoring of railway power supply systems under various working conditions.

[0036] The insulation detection device also includes an ambient temperature and humidity sensor (SHT20 or SHT45), connected to a logic control and detection module. This module dynamically adjusts the resistance values of each resistor based on the sensor's measured parameters. The inclusion of the sensor enables the system to sense changes in the detection environment in real time and dynamically adjusts the resistor parameters using an intelligent algorithm. This effectively eliminates the impact of temperature and humidity fluctuations on test results, ensuring the consistency and reliability of test data under varying climate conditions. This provides more precise safety assurance for the stable operation of railway power systems in various complex environments.

[0037] Both the ground detection branch resistor and the inter-loop detection branch resistor are metal film resistors with a temperature coefficient of ≤50ppm / °C. The independent configuration of the ground detection branch resistor and the inter-loop detection branch resistor enables precise measurement in both detection modes. The low temperature coefficient of the metal film resistor (≤50ppm / °C) effectively suppresses the impact of temperature changes on measurement results, ensuring the stability and repeatability of test data under different environmental conditions. This not only maintains detection sensitivity but also improves the long-term operational stability of the system, providing more accurate and reliable technical support for insulation condition monitoring of railway power supply panels.

[0038] The insulation detection device of the present invention also includes an alarm module, which is connected to the logic control and detection module; when the obtained divided voltage value exceeds the preset insulation fault threshold, the logic control and detection module can quickly trigger the alarm module to send an audible and visual alarm signal, promptly attracting the attention of relevant personnel, so that they can know the occurrence of the insulation fault at the first time and avoid further deterioration of the fault; at the same time, the alarm module will also generate an alarm log containing fault location information, providing maintenance personnel with an accurate basis for quickly locating the fault point, greatly shortening the time for fault investigation and repair, effectively improving the reliability and safety of equipment operation, reducing the risks of equipment damage, production stagnation, etc. caused by insulation faults, and ensuring the stable operation of the entire system.

[0039] A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting insulation of a railway power supply panel based on resistance voltage division, comprising the following steps: S1: Initialize the detection system and set the output voltage of the programmable adjustable power module; S2: Turn on the switch combinations between each power supply circuit and the ground wire (K1-K2n and K0 respectively), collect the first voltage division signal of the resistance module and calculate the insulation resistance value to ground; S3: Turn on the combinations between different power supply circuits in sequence (turn on the switches between K1-K2n in pairs according to the preset combination), collect the second voltage division signal of the resistance module and calculate the insulation resistance value between the circuits; S4: Determine whether the insulation resistance to ground and the insulation resistance between loops exceed a threshold value, and generate an insulation status report.

[0040] Example 1. The insulation detection device of this embodiment specifically includes: Programmable adjustable power supply module: The output voltage range is DC200V-600V, and the voltage level can be adjusted according to detection requirements.

[0041] Multi-way switch matrix module: Consists of 17 high-reliability programmable switches K0 to K16, of which: K0 is connected to the system ground; K1 to K8 are respectively connected to the positive wires of four power modules (24V DC, 48V DC, 220V DC, 25V AC); K9 to K16 are respectively connected to the negative wires of the above power modules.

[0042] Resistor module: Ground detection branch resistor, connected in series in the K0 ground loop; inter-loop detection branch resistors (Z1-Z4), configured with different resistance values according to the power supply type (for example, 1 kΩ for a 24 V loop and 10 kΩ for a 220 V loop), are all metal film resistors with a temperature coefficient of ≤50 ppm / °C.

[0043] Signal acquisition module: contains a 16-bit analog-to-digital converter with a sampling rate of not less than 1kHz, connected in parallel with the resistor module to collect the voltage division signal in real time.

[0044] Logic control and detection module: Based on the STM32 microcontroller, it sets the output voltage of the programmable adjustable power module, controls the switching timing, calculates the insulation resistance and outputs the test report.

[0045] Environmental temperature and humidity sensor: Using SHT45 digital sensor, real-time monitoring of environmental parameters to dynamically correct the resistance value.

[0046] 2. Detection method Power supply circuit to ground insulation detection mode: As shown in Table 1, perform 16-step sequential detection, triggering Kn and K0 to conduct for 1 second and then turn off, n = 1 to 16; Table 1 Logical relationship of insulation status between different core wires and ground

[0047] Insulation test mode between power supply circuits: Executes a 256-step combination test, triggering Ki and Kj to conduct for 1 second and then shut down (i=1-16, j=1-16), and skipping preset invalid combinations. Invalid combinations include: the switch combination between the positive and negative circuits of the same power module and the preset switch combination between electrical isolation circuits.

[0048] This method comprehensively assesses the insulation status of power panels to ground and between circuits. Its step-by-step detection strategy ensures independent measurement of the insulation performance of each power supply circuit while accurately identifying potential insulation faults between circuits. An intelligent threshold judgment mechanism provides intuitive and reliable insulation status reports for maintenance personnel. This method, with its ease of operation and comprehensive testing, effectively addresses the technical challenges of inefficiency and incomplete coverage associated with traditional insulation testing methods, providing a scientific and effective means of detection for the safe operation and maintenance of railway power systems.

[0049] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A railway power supply panel insulation detection device based on resistance voltage division, characterized in that: include: Programmable adjustable power supply module, the output end of which is connected to the power supply bus of the power supply panel; The power supply bus is electrically connected to each power module; The multi-way switch matrix module includes 2n+1 programmable switches, K0 to K2n; K0 is a grounding switch connected to the ground wire; K1 to Kn are respectively electrically connected to the positive conductors of the power supply circuits of each power module; and Kn+1 to K2n are respectively connected to the negative conductors of the power supply circuits of each power module. A resistance module, comprising a ground detection branch resistor and multiple inter-loop detection branch resistors; the ground detection branch resistor is connected in series in the K0 grounding loop; the multiple inter-loop detection branch resistors are connected in series in each power supply loop; the resistance module is used to convert the leakage current into a voltage division signal; A signal acquisition module is connected in parallel with the detection resistor module to obtain a voltage division signal; The logic control and detection module is electrically connected to the programmable adjustable power supply module, the multi-way switch matrix module, and the signal acquisition module, respectively, and is used to set the output voltage of the programmable adjustable power supply module, control the on and off of the programmable switch, obtain the divided voltage value based on the divided voltage signal, and output the detection result.

2. The railway power supply panel insulation detection device based on resistance voltage division according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The logic control and detection module realizes two detection modes by controlling the timing on and off of each switch of the multi-way switch matrix module: Power supply circuit insulation detection mode: Control K1~Kn to conduct with K0 in sequence to detect the insulation status of the positive pole of each power module to the ground; control Kn+1~K2n to conduct with K0 in sequence to detect the insulation status of the negative pole of each power module to the ground; Insulation detection mode between power supply circuits: Control the conduction between K1~K2n in pairs to detect the insulation status between different power modules.

3. The railway power supply panel insulation detection device based on resistance voltage division according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The action logic of the multi-way switch matrix module includes: Power supply circuit to ground insulation detection mode: perform 2n-step sequential detection, trigger K1~K2n and K0 to conduct for 1 second and then turn off; Insulation detection mode between power supply circuits: Execute 4n 2 Step combination detection, trigger Ki and Kj to turn on for 1 second and then turn off, i=1~2n, j=1~2n, and skip the preset invalid combination.

4. The railway power supply panel insulation detection device based on resistance voltage division according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The invalid combinations include: a switch combination between the positive and negative circuits of the same power module and a preset switch combination between electrical isolation circuits.

5. The railway power supply panel insulation detection device based on resistance voltage division according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The output voltage range of the programmable adjustable power supply module is DC200V-600V.

6. The railway power supply panel insulation detection device based on resistance voltage division according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each power supply module includes a 24V DC power supply, a 48V DC power supply, a 220V DC power supply and a 25V AC power supply.

7. The railway power supply panel insulation detection device based on resistance voltage division according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The resistance value of each resistor in the resistance module is dynamically adjusted according to the output voltage of the programmable adjustable power supply module and the expected leakage current threshold.

8. The railway power supply panel insulation detection device based on resistance voltage division according to claim 7 is characterized in that: It also includes an ambient temperature and humidity sensor connected to the logic control and detection module; the logic control and detection module dynamically corrects the resistance value of each resistor according to the measurement parameters of the ambient temperature and humidity sensor.

9. The railway power supply panel insulation detection device based on resistance voltage division according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes an alarm module, which is connected to the logic control and detection module; when the obtained divided voltage value exceeds the preset insulation fault threshold, the logic control and detection module triggers the alarm module to emit an audible and visual alarm signal and generate an alarm log containing fault location information.

10. A railway power supply panel insulation detection method based on resistance voltage division, characterized in that: The insulation detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: S1: Initialize the detection system and set the output voltage of the programmable adjustable power module; S2: Turn on the switch combination between each power supply circuit and the ground line in sequence, collect the first voltage division signal of the resistance module and calculate the insulation resistance value to ground; S3: Turn on the switch combinations between different power supply circuits in sequence, collect the second voltage division signal of the resistance module and calculate the insulation resistance value between the circuits; S4: Determine whether the insulation resistance to ground and the insulation resistance between loops exceed a threshold value, and generate an insulation status report.

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