Adjusting type full-spectrum solar sun-chasing system and control method

Abstract

The invention provides an adjustable full-spectrum solar sun-chasing system and a control method. The system comprises a Fresnel lens condensation unit, a vacuum glass heat collection tube and a photovoltaic power generation unit which are arranged along a light path, the Fresnel lens condensation unit is focused on the vacuum glass heat collecting tube, the rotating axis of the rotating support is the central axis of the vacuum glass heat collecting tube, and the vacuum glass heat collecting tube is connected with a frequency division fluid storage heat exchange unit. A photoresistor sensor and a light incident angle sensor are arranged on the side face of the Fresnel lens condensation unit in parallel, the rotating support is connected with a light following driving device, and the photoresistor sensor and the light incident angle sensor are connected with the input end of a light following control system. The control signal input ends of the light driving device and the focal length adjustment driving device are connected with the output end of the light control system; the Fresnel lens condensation unit is connected with the focal length adjustment driving device; light loss caused by shortening of the focal length of the lens is avoided, heat collection capacity and generating capacity of the system are increased, and overall efficiency of the system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solar energy utilization, and in particular relates to an adjustable full-spectrum solar daily tracking system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Full-spectrum solar energy utilization technology aims to match different wavelengths of the solar spectrum to the most appropriate energy conversion method through spectrometry, thereby improving overall efficiency. Frequency-splitting co-generation technology is a typical application of full-spectrum solar energy utilization technology. It uses a frequency-splitting fluid to convert visible light into photovoltaic power generation and infrared light into high-temperature heat collection, resulting in high overall system efficiency. Fresnel lenses, with their lightweight and low-cost advantages, hold great potential for application in this field. However, Fresnel lenses still face urgent technical barriers in concentrating solar energy. The problem is that tilting the angle of incidence shortens the lens focal length, causing the focal point to deviate from the center of the collector tube, resulting in uneven heat flux distribution and an increased risk of localized overheating. By adjusting the distance between the Fresnel lens and the collector tube, the light can be refocused to the center of the collector tube. Therefore, a mechanical Fresnel lens movement device can avoid the light loss caused by the shortened lens focal length, increase the system's heat collection and power generation, improve overall system efficiency, mitigate uneven heat flux distribution within the collector tube, reduce the risk of localized overheating, simplify the system's complex rotating tracking components, and reduce system investment costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an adjustable full-spectrum solar sun-tracking system and a control method. By setting a Fresnel lens mechanical moving device, the problem of light loss caused by shortening the lens focal length is avoided, the system's heat collection and power generation are increased, the overall efficiency of the system is improved, the uneven distribution of heat flow in the heat collecting tube is alleviated, the risk of local overheating of the heat collecting tube is reduced, the complicated rotating light-tracking components in the system are simplified, and the system investment cost is saved.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an adjustable full-spectrum solar energy sun-chasing system, comprising a Fresnel lens focusing unit, a vacuum glass heat collecting tube and a photovoltaic power generation unit arranged along the light path; the Fresnel lens focusing unit focuses on the vacuum glass heat collecting tube, and the Fresnel lens focusing unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit are connected as a whole through a rotating bracket, the rotating axis of the rotating bracket is the central axis of the vacuum glass heat collecting tube, and the vacuum glass heat collecting tube is connected to a frequency-dividing fluid storage and heat exchange unit; a photoresistor sensor and a light incident angle sensor are arranged parallel to the side of the Fresnel lens focusing unit, the rotating bracket is connected to a light chasing drive device, the photoresistor sensor and the light incident angle sensor are connected to the input end of the light chasing control system, the control signal input end of the light driving device and the focal length adjustment drive device are connected to the output end of the light control system; the Fresnel lens focusing unit is connected to the focal length adjustment drive device.

[0005] Furthermore, the vacuum glass heat collecting tube is composed of a double-layer glass tube, there is a vacuum between the inner tube and the outer tube of the vacuum glass heat collecting tube, and temperature difference compensation structures are provided at both ends of the vacuum glass heat collecting tube.

[0006] Furthermore, the photovoltaic power generation unit is composed of three photovoltaic panels, and the angle between the side photovoltaic panels and the middle photovoltaic panel is 120 degrees.

[0007] Furthermore, the frequency-dividing fluid storage and heat exchange unit includes a frequency-dividing fluid storage tank, a heat exchanger and a circulation pump. The working medium in the frequency-dividing fluid storage and heat exchange unit can absorb infrared light and red light; the inlet of the vacuum glass heat collecting tube is connected to the outlet of the circulation pump, the inlet of the circulation pump is connected to the outlet of the frequency-dividing fluid storage tank, the inlet of the frequency-dividing fluid storage tank is connected to the outlet of the vacuum glass heat collecting tube, the frequency-dividing fluid storage tank is used to accommodate the frequency-dividing fluid, the hot side of the heat exchanger is connected to the frequency-dividing fluid storage tank, and the cold side of the heat exchanger is connected to the heat user.

[0008] Furthermore, the light chasing drive device includes a servo motor and a transmission chain connected to each other. A drive motor is provided at both ends of the rotating bracket. The output end of the servo motor is connected to a driven gear through a transmission. The driven gear is tightly connected to the rotating bracket. Or connect the drive rod through the output end of the servo motor, the drive rod is connected to the drive worm through a 90° steering structure, the two ends of the rotating bracket are connected to the turbine, the drive rod is perpendicular to the drive worm, and the 90° steering structure adopts a bevel gear set structure. The control signal input end of the servo motor is connected to the output end of the light chasing control system as the control signal input end of the light chasing drive device.

[0009] Furthermore, the light incident angle sensor includes three photosensitive devices with the same size and sensitivity coefficient, two of which are located in the same plane, and the third photosensitive device is arranged parallel to and above the other two photosensitive devices.

[0010] Furthermore, the focus adjustment drive device includes a slide rail and a lead screw translation mechanism, the Fresnel lens focusing unit is connected to the slide rail, the slide rail can translate along the rotating bracket, the lead screw translation mechanism and its servo motor are installed on the rotating bracket, the lead screw nut of the lead screw translation mechanism is connected to the slide rail, and the control signal input end of the servo motor serves as the control signal input end of the focus adjustment drive device and is connected to the output end of the tracking control system; Or the focus adjustment drive device adopts an electric push rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotating bracket adopts a frame structure, and a steel frame base is arranged below the rotating bracket.

[0012] The present invention also provides a control method for the adjustable full-spectrum solar daily system, comprising: Operation of the frequency-divided fluid storage and heat exchange unit; Sunlight shines on the Fresnel lens focusing unit and the photoresistor sensor and light incident angle sensor set on the side; The photoresistor sensor transmits the light signal to the light-chasing control system. The light-chasing control system analyzes and processes the signal and issues an action instruction to the light-chasing drive device. The light-chasing drive device drives the Fresnel lens focusing unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit to rotate around the central axis of the vacuum glass collector tube. The light incident angle sensor transmits the light signal to the light chasing control system, which analyzes and processes the signal and calculates the moving distance of the Fresnel lens focusing unit. H The light tracking control system sends an action command to the focus adjustment drive device, which drives the Fresnel lens focusing unit to move a distance in the direction perpendicular to the lens. H ; When sunlight shines on the vacuum glass heat collecting tube, the temperature of the frequency division fluid inside the vacuum glass heat collecting tube increases, and the vacuum glass heat collecting tube transfers the heat energy to the frequency division fluid storage and heat exchange unit; the sunlight passing through the vacuum glass heat collecting tube will shine on the photovoltaic power generation unit to generate electricity, realizing cogeneration of heat and power.

[0013] Furthermore, the light incident angle sensor transmits the current signals of the three photosensors to the light chasing control system, which uses the function H = f ( i ) Calculate the moving distance of the Fresnel lens focusing unit H ; Light incident angle i The calculation method is as follows: when the light is incident from the left i =arctan(L / x*(1-I1 / I3)), where L is the width of the photosensitive device, x is the vertical distance between the light-receiving surface of the third photosensitive device and the first photosensitive device, I1 and I3 are the currents of the first photosensitive device and the third photosensitive device respectively; when the light is incident from the right side i =arctan(L / x*(1-I2 / I3)), I2 is the current of the second photosensitive device.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The present invention avoids the problem of light loss caused by shortening the focal length of the lens by providing a mechanical moving device for the Fresnel lens, increases the system's heat collection and power generation, improves the overall efficiency of the system, alleviates the uneven distribution of heat flow in the heat collecting tube, reduces the risk of local overheating of the heat collecting tube, simplifies the complicated rotating light-chasing components in the system, and saves system investment costs; when adjusting the lens focus, a combination of three photosensors is used to calculate the incident angle of sunlight, which is suitable for large-scale dynamic measurement.

[0015] Furthermore, the vacuum layer between the double-layer glass tubes greatly reduces heat convection and conduction, reduces heat loss in the collector tube, and improves heat collection efficiency; the temperature difference compensation structure alleviates the material expansion difference caused by the temperature difference between the inner and outer tubes, prevents the glass tube from breaking, and extends the service life; the vacuum environment adapts to high-temperature working conditions and is suitable for use in concentrated solar energy systems.

[0016] Furthermore, three photovoltaic panels are spliced at 120° to form a curved or folded structure, which expands the light reception angle, adapts to changes in the solar altitude angle, and reduces shadow obstruction; through multi-angle layout, the effective power generation time is extended and the overall power generation is increased.

[0017] Furthermore, the working medium selectively absorbs infrared light and red light, and the remaining visible light penetrates the photovoltaic unit to generate electricity, realizing the coordinated utilization of light, heat and photoelectricity; the circulating pump forces the frequency-divided fluid to flow between the collector tube and the storage tank, accelerating heat transfer; the heat exchanger is directly connected to the user end to achieve instant heating and use, and simultaneously output electrical energy and thermal energy, thereby improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy.

[0018] Furthermore, the servo motor cooperates with the transmission, gear or worm drive to provide stable torque to ensure that the rotating bracket accurately tracks the solar azimuth angle; the drive motors at both ends enhance the structural stability to prevent single-point failure from causing light tracking failure, and the gear set or worm drive achieves 90° steering, simplifies the transmission chain, and improves the system response speed.

[0019] Furthermore, the three photosensitive devices in a three-dimensional layout calculate the incident angle through current differences, eliminating the error of single-plane measurement. The same size and sensitivity coefficient ensure signal consistency, reduce the impact of ambient light noise, and improve angle detection accuracy.

[0020] Furthermore, the slide rail and lead screw translation mechanism drives the Fresnel lens to move along the optical axis, keeping the focusing focus always on the heat collecting tube, avoiding heat loss caused by light spot offset; the servo motor and lead screw cooperate to achieve micron-level displacement adjustment to ensure maximum focusing efficiency.

[0021] Furthermore, the photoresistor sensor and the light incident angle sensor are linked to the light chasing drive and focusing device to achieve real-time dynamic tracking; the heat collecting tube and photovoltaic unit use the spectrum in a divided frequency manner, and output heat energy and electrical energy at the same time, improving the overall energy efficiency of the system; the lens angle and focal length are automatically adjusted through signal processing to reduce manual intervention and adapt to complex weather changes.

[0022] Furthermore, the present invention clarifies the incident angle of light i The corresponding relationship with the focal length of the Fresnel lens establishes the core logic of the lens focal length controller, which can accurately control the distance between the Fresnel lens and the collector tube, realize the efficient use of sunlight, and calculate the incident angle based on the current ratio of the photosensitive device. i, eliminating the influence of light intensity fluctuation on angle measurement; converting the angle into lens translation distance through the function H=f(θ), ensuring that the focusing position is dynamically corrected with the solar altitude angle to maintain the best light-to-heat conversion efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the system described in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the combination of three photosensitive devices.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a control diagram of the light chasing control unit.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lens focus adjustment unit control.

[0028] In the accompanying drawings, 1-Fresnel lens focusing unit, 2-vacuum glass heat collecting tube, 3-photovoltaic power generation unit, 4-frequency division fluid storage and heat exchange unit, 41-frequency division fluid storage tank, 42-heat exchanger, 5-circulation pump, 6-light chasing control unit, 61-photoresistor sensor, 62-light chasing controller, 63-light chasing drive device, 7-lens focus adjustment unit, 71-light incident angle sensor, 72-lens focal length controller, 73-focal length adjustment drive device, 74-first photosensor, 75-second photosensor, 76-third photosensor, 8-rotating bracket, 9-steel frame base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "one side", "one end", "one side" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0031] refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides an adjustable full-spectrum solar sun-tracking system, comprising a Fresnel lens concentrating unit 1, a vacuum glass heat collecting tube 2, a photovoltaic power generation unit 3, a frequency-dividing fluid storage and heat exchange unit 4, a circulating pump 5, a light-chasing control unit 6, a lens focus adjustment unit 7, a rotating bracket 8, and a steel frame base 9; the steel frame base 9 supports the entire device, the rotating bracket 8 and the vacuum glass heat collecting tube 2 are installed on the steel frame base 9, the Fresnel lens concentrating unit 1 is located directly above the vacuum glass heat collecting tube 2, the photovoltaic power generation unit 3 is located directly below the vacuum glass heat collecting tube 2, and the Fresnel lens concentrating unit 1 is located directly above the vacuum glass heat collecting tube 2. The unit 1 and the photovoltaic power generation unit 3 are combined into an integral structure through a rotating bracket 8. The integral structure can rotate around the central axis of the vacuum glass heat collecting tube 2 to adjust the angle of the Fresnel lens focusing unit 1 to place it in the optimal position; the Fresnel lens focusing unit 1 is used to initially focus the light, and it is necessary to ensure that the focus of the Fresnel lens is located at the center of the vacuum glass heat collecting tube 2 when the sun is vertically incident; the working medium in the frequency-dividing fluid storage and heat exchange unit 4 can absorb infrared light and red light, and allows light suitable for the photovoltaic panel to absorb the power generation band to pass through, thereby realizing the full spectrum utilization of sunlight.

[0032] The evacuated glass heat collecting tube 2 is a double-layered glass tube, with a vacuum treatment between the inner and outer glass tubes to reduce heat loss. Furthermore, temperature compensation structures are installed at both ends of the evacuated glass heat collecting tube 2 to prevent expansion and cracking of the tube under high temperature conditions. For example, this temperature compensation structure can be a metal bellows, which is sealed to both ends of the inner and outer glass tubes. Metal bellows have excellent thermal conductivity, strength, and plasticity, can absorb deformation significantly, and will not crack due to excessive temperature differences.

[0033] As a preferred solution, the photovoltaic power generation unit 3 is made of three photovoltaic panels, the angle between the photovoltaic panels on both sides and the middle photovoltaic panel is 120°, and the angle opening faces the vacuum glass heat collecting tube 2.

[0034] refer to Figure 2 The frequency division fluid storage and heat exchange unit 4 includes a frequency division fluid storage tank 41 and a heat exchanger 42. The frequency division fluid storage tank 41 is used to accommodate the frequency division fluid, and the heat exchanger 42 is used to transfer the heat of the frequency division fluid to heat users such as industrial and living parks.

[0035] The inlet of the vacuum glass heat collecting tube 2 is connected to the outlet of the circulation pump 5, the inlet of the circulation pump 5 is connected to the outlet of the frequency division fluid storage tank 41, and the inlet of the frequency division fluid storage tank 41 is connected to the outlet of the vacuum glass heat collecting tube 2, thereby forming a frequency division fluid circulation loop.

[0036] The light chasing control system includes a light chasing controller 62 and a lens focal length controller 72 , which control the light chasing driving device 63 and the focal length adjustment driving device 73 respectively.

[0037] refer to Figure 4 The light-chasing control unit 6 includes a photoresistor sensor 61, a light-chasing controller 62, and a light-chasing drive device 63. The photoresistor sensor 61 is positioned parallel to the Fresnel lens focusing unit 1 and is used to detect the sun's position and light intensity in real time. The sensor transmits the signal to the light-chasing controller 62 for analysis and control strategy development. The light-chasing drive device 63 uses a servo motor and supporting mechanical structure to adjust the angle of the Fresnel lens focusing unit 1 to its optimal position.

[0038] The adjustable angle of the Fresnel lens focusing unit 1 is 0-180°.

[0039] As an example of the servo motor and the supporting mechanical structure of the light chasing drive device 63: The light chasing drive device 63 includes a servo motor and a transmission chain connected to each other. Optionally, a drive motor is set at both ends of the rotating bracket 8. The output end of the servo motor is connected to the driven gear through a transmission, and the driven gear is tightly connected to the rotating bracket 8; the driven gear is a semicircular gear.

[0040] Alternatively, the output of the servo motor can be connected to a drive rod, which is then connected to a drive worm through a 90° steering mechanism. The two ends of the rotating bracket 8 are connected to the worm gear, with the drive rod perpendicular to the drive worm. The 90° steering mechanism is implemented using a bevel gear set. The control signal input of the servo motor is connected to the output of the light tracking controller 62.

[0041] The Fresnel lens focusing unit 1 is located at the top of the rotating bracket 8, the photovoltaic power generation unit 3 is located at the bottom of the rotating bracket 8, and the two ends of the rotating bracket 8 are connected to the rotating drive mechanism. The axis of the rotating track is the axis of the vacuum glass collector tube 2.

[0042] refer to Figure 5 The lens focus adjustment unit 7 includes a light incident angle sensor 71, a lens focal length controller 72, and a focal length adjustment drive 73. The light incident angle sensor 71 is parallel to one side of the Fresnel lens focusing unit 1 and is used to detect the incident angle of sunlight in real time. It is composed of three photosensors of identical size and sensitivity, two of which are located in the same plane, and the third is arranged parallel to and above the other two photosensors. The lens focal length controller 72 is used to receive the current signal from the light incident angle sensor 71 and perform analysis and calculation to control the operation of the focal length adjustment drive 73. The focal length adjustment drive 73 uses a servo motor and supporting mechanical structure to adjust the Fresnel lens focusing unit 1 up and down in a direction perpendicular to the lens, thereby ensuring that sunlight continues to focus on the center of the vacuum glass collector tube 2.

[0043] Examples of the servo motor and supporting mechanical structure as the focus adjustment drive device 73 are as follows: The Fresnel lens focusing unit 1 is connected to a slide rail, which can translate along the rotating bracket 8. A lead screw translation mechanism and its servo motor are mounted on the rotating bracket 8, and the lead screw nut of the lead screw translation mechanism is connected to the slide rail. Ball bearings are provided on the contact surface between the slide rail and the rotating bracket 8. The control signal input of the servo motor is connected to the output of the lens focal length controller 72.

[0044] The focal length adjustment driving device 73 can also be an electric push rod, the fixed end of the electric push rod is installed on the rotating bracket 8, and the action output end of the electric push rod is connected to the Fresnel lens focusing unit 1.

[0045] Example 2 provides a control method for the above-mentioned adjustable full-spectrum solar daily system: Turn on the power supply, start the circulation pump to circulate the frequency-dividing fluid between the frequency-dividing fluid storage tank 41, the circulation pump 5, the vacuum glass heat collecting tube 2 and the frequency-dividing fluid storage tank 41, and turn on the light tracking controller 62 and the lens focal length controller 72; The sunlight first irradiates the Fresnel lens focusing unit 1 and the photoresistor sensor 61 and the light incident angle sensor 71 on one side thereof.

[0046] The photoresistor sensor 61 detects and analyzes the light conditions on its surface and transmits the signal to the light chasing controller 62. The light chasing controller 62 analyzes and processes the signal and gives an action instruction to the light chasing drive device 63. The light chasing drive device 63 drives the ball screw to rotate through the servo motor, driving the Fresnel lens focusing unit 1 and the photovoltaic power generation unit 3 to rotate around the central axis of the vacuum glass collector tube 2 to adjust the angle of the Fresnel lens focusing unit 1, thereby ensuring that the light is irradiated on the Fresnel lens focusing unit 1 as vertically as possible.

[0047] The light incident angle sensor 71 detects and analyzes the light conditions on its surface and transmits the current signals of the three photosensors to the lens focus controller 72. The lens focus controller 72 analyzes and processes the signals and calculates the light incident angle. i , through the function H = f ( i ) can be calculated to get the moving distance of Fresnel lens focusing unit 1 H Then the lens focal length controller 72 gives the focal length adjustment driving device 73 an action instruction, and the servo motor drives the ball screw to drive the Fresnel lens focusing unit 1 to move downward along the vertical lens direction by a distance of H , thereby focusing the sunlight on the center of the vacuum glass collecting tube 2.

[0048] The sunlight shining on the vacuum glass heat collecting tube 2 will increase the temperature of the internal frequency dividing fluid, and the sunlight passing through the frequency dividing fluid in the vacuum glass heat collecting tube 2 will shine on the photovoltaic power generation unit 3 to generate electricity, thereby realizing cogeneration of heat and power.

[0049] refer to Figure 3 , the incident angle of the light i The calculation method is as follows: when the light is incident from the left i =arctan(L / x*(1-I1 / I3)), where L is the width of the photosensitive device, x is the vertical distance between the light-receiving surface of the third photosensitive device 76 and the first photosensitive device 74, I1 and I3 are the currents of the first photosensitive device 74 and the third photosensitive device 76 respectively; when the light is incident from the right side i =arctan(L / x*(1-I2 / I3)), where I2 is the current of the second photosensor 75 .

[0050] H = f ( i ), as a preferred calculation method: f ( i ) = 7×10 -5 i 2 +0.0056 i +3×10-15 .

[0051] In summary, the present invention proposes for the first time a design scheme and control method for a full-spectrum solar tracking system with a Fresnel lens mechanical moving device, which can avoid the light loss problem caused by the shortening of the lens focal length, increase the system's heat collection and power generation, improve the overall efficiency of the system, alleviate the uneven distribution of heat flow in the heat collecting tube, reduce the risk of local overheating of the heat collecting tube, and simplify the complicated rotating tracking components in the system; the present invention adopts a combination of three photosensors to calculate the incident angle of sunlight directed to the Fresnel lens. This method can detect the incident angle in the range of 0-180° and is suitable for large-scale dynamic measurement. The present invention also establishes a light incident angle i The correspondence with the focal length of the Fresnel lens establishes the core logic of the lens focal length controller, which can accurately control the distance between the Fresnel lens and the solar collector to achieve efficient use of sunlight.

[0052] The above content is only for explaining the technical idea of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A regulated full-spectrum solar daily system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a Fresnel lens focusing unit (1), a vacuum glass heat collecting tube (2) and a photovoltaic power generation unit (3) arranged along the light path; the Fresnel lens focusing unit (1) focuses on the vacuum glass heat collecting tube (2); the Fresnel lens focusing unit (1) and the photovoltaic power generation unit (3) are connected to form a whole through a rotating bracket (8); the rotating axis of the rotating bracket (8) is the central axis of the vacuum glass heat collecting tube (2); the vacuum glass heat collecting tube (2) is connected to a frequency-dividing fluid storage and heat exchange unit (4); a photoresistor sensor (61) and a light incident angle sensor (71) are arranged parallel to the side of the Fresnel lens focusing unit (1); the rotating bracket (8) is connected to a light chasing drive device (63); the photoresistor sensor (61) and the light incident angle sensor (71) are connected to the input end of the light chasing control system; the control signal input ends of the light chasing drive device (63) and the focus adjustment drive device (73) are connected to the output end of the light control system; the Fresnel lens focusing unit (1) is connected to the focus adjustment drive device (73).

2. The adjustable full-spectrum solar daily tracking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum glass heat collecting tube (2) is composed of a double-layer glass tube, a vacuum is formed between the inner tube and the outer tube of the vacuum glass heat collecting tube (2), and temperature difference compensation structures are provided at both ends of the vacuum glass heat collecting tube (2).

3. The adjustable full-spectrum solar daily tracking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation unit (3) is composed of three photovoltaic panels, and the angle between the side photovoltaic panels and the middle photovoltaic panel is 120 degrees.

4. The adjustable full-spectrum solar daily tracking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency-dividing fluid storage and heat exchange unit (4) comprises a frequency-dividing fluid storage tank (41), a heat exchanger (42) and a circulation pump (5). The working medium in the frequency-dividing fluid storage and heat exchange unit (4) can absorb infrared light and red light. The inlet of the vacuum glass heat collecting tube (2) is connected to the outlet of the circulation pump (5), the inlet of the circulation pump (5) is connected to the outlet of the frequency-dividing fluid storage tank (41), the inlet of the frequency-dividing fluid storage tank (41) is connected to the outlet of the vacuum glass heat collecting tube (2), the frequency-dividing fluid storage tank (41) is used to accommodate the frequency-dividing fluid, the hot side of the heat exchanger (42) is connected to the frequency-dividing fluid storage tank (41), and the cold side of the heat exchanger (42) is connected to a heat user.

5. The adjustable full-spectrum solar daily tracking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light chasing drive device (63) includes a servo motor and a transmission chain connected to each other. A drive motor is provided at both ends of the rotating bracket (8). The output end of the servo motor is connected to a driven gear through a transmission. The driven gear is tightly connected to the rotating bracket (8). Or the drive rod is connected to the output end of the servo motor, the drive rod is connected to the drive worm through a 90° steering structure, the two ends of the rotating bracket (8) are connected to the turbine, the drive rod is perpendicular to the drive worm, and the 90° steering structure adopts a bevel gear set structure. The control signal input end of the servo motor is connected to the output end of the light chasing control system as the control signal input end of the light chasing drive device (63).

6. The adjustable full-spectrum solar daily tracking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light incident angle sensor (71) comprises three photosensitive devices of the same size and sensitivity, two of which are located in the same plane, and the third photosensitive device is arranged parallel to and above the other two photosensitive devices.

7. The adjustable full-spectrum solar daily system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The focal length adjustment driving device (73) includes a slide rail and a screw translation mechanism, the Fresnel lens focusing unit (1) is connected to the slide rail, the slide rail can be translated along the rotating bracket (8), the screw translation mechanism and its servo motor are installed on the rotating bracket (8), the screw nut of the screw translation mechanism is connected to the slide rail, and the control signal input end of the servo motor is connected to the output end of the light tracking control system as the control signal input end of the focal length adjustment driving device (73); Or the focal length adjustment driving device (73) adopts an electric push rod.

8. The adjustable full-spectrum solar daily tracking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating bracket (8) adopts a frame structure, and a steel frame base (9) is provided below the rotating bracket (8).

9. The control method of the adjustable full-spectrum solar diurnal system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The frequency-divided fluid storage and heat exchange unit (4) operates; Sunlight irradiates the Fresnel lens focusing unit (1) and the photoresistor sensor (61) and the light incident angle sensor (71) arranged on the side; The photoresistor sensor (61) transmits the light signal to the light-chasing control system. The light-chasing control system analyzes and processes the signal and then issues an action instruction to the light-chasing driving device (63). The light-chasing driving device (63) drives the Fresnel lens focusing unit (1) and the photovoltaic power generation unit (3) to rotate around the central axis of the vacuum glass heat collecting tube (2). The light incident angle sensor (71) transmits the light signal to the light chasing control system, which analyzes and processes the signal and calculates the moving distance of the Fresnel lens focusing unit (1). H The light tracking control system sends an action instruction to the focus adjustment driving device (73), and the focus adjustment driving device (73) drives the Fresnel lens focusing unit (1) to move a distance in a direction perpendicular to the lens. H ; When sunlight shines on the vacuum glass heat collecting tube (2), the temperature of the frequency division fluid inside the vacuum glass heat collecting tube (2) increases, and the vacuum glass heat collecting tube (2) transmits heat energy to the frequency division fluid storage and heat exchange unit (4); the sunlight passing through the vacuum glass heat collecting tube (2) shines on the photovoltaic power generation unit (3) to generate electricity, thereby realizing cogeneration of heat and power.

10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The light incident angle sensor (71) transmits the current signals of the three photosensitive devices to the light chasing control system, which uses the function H = f ( θ ) Calculate the moving distance of the Fresnel lens focusing unit (1) H ; Light incident angle θ The calculation method is as follows: when the light is incident from the left θ =arctan(L / x*(1-I1 / I3)), where L is the width of the photosensitive device, x is the vertical distance between the light-receiving surface of the third photosensitive device (76) and the first photosensitive device (74), I1 and I3 are the currents of the first photosensitive device (74) and the third photosensitive device (76), respectively; when the light is incident on the right side θ =arctan(L / x*(1-I2 / I3)), I2 is the current of the second photosensitive device (75).

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