Treatment system for promoting dental pulp repair by using oral stem cells

Abstract

The invention provides a treatment system for promoting dental pulp repair by using oral stem cells, and relates to the technical field of oral treatments.According to the treatment system, through the synergistic effect of a dynamic gene regulation and control module, a self-adaptive intelligent support and a biological digital fusion interface, the dental pulp repair is promoted through the dynamic gene regulation and control module and the self-adaptive intelligent support; the dynamic gene regulation and control module adopts a light-operated CRISPR system, carries out real-time gene editing on dental pulp stem cells and carries out dynamic adjustment according to regeneration stage requirements, and the self-adaptive intelligent stent is based on a 3D printing technology, is manufactured in combination with a patient tooth digital model and can dynamically release growth factors and optimize a microenvironment; through combination of personalized design and dynamic regulation and control, adaptive adjustment can be performed according to specific requirements of patients, so that not only is the repair efficiency of dental pulp tissues improved, but also the success rate of functional reconstruction is increased, more efficient and accurate treatment selection is provided for the patients suffering from dental pulp injury, and personalized development of oral regenerative medicine is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oral treatment, and in particular to a treatment system for promoting dental pulp repair by utilizing oral stem cells. Background Art

[0002] According to a material and preparation method for promoting the repair of tooth defect and missing tissue disclosed in China Publication No. "CN110236958B," the material is a gel comprising the following components: 0.2-0.5g of calcium chloride, 0.2-0.8g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.04-0.1g of polyacrylic acid, 0.01-0.05g of enamel matrix protein, 0.1-1.0g of sodium β-phosphoglycerate, and 1000g of distilled water. The preparation method is simple to operate, low in cost, and requires little equipment. Filling the tooth defect with the material of the present invention can promote the repair of tooth tissue. The main component of the repair layer is hydroxyapatite crystals, which are essentially the same as the composition of tooth enamel, eliminating the interface between the filling material and the natural tooth. After filling the material into a 1mm deep tooth cavity for 7 days, the thickness of the repair layer can reach up to 0.63mm.

[0003] The above patent documents and prior art have the following technical problems when used:

[0004] Problem 1: Traditional endodontic treatments, such as root canal therapy, rely primarily on filling materials, which are unable to effectively promote pulp tissue regeneration, resulting in low repair efficiency. Treatment plans are usually standardized and fail to adapt to individual patient differences, such as pulp cavity morphology and genetic characteristics, limiting the improvement of treatment effectiveness.

[0005] The second problem is that traditional endodontic treatment cannot monitor and regulate the microenvironment in the pulp cavity in real time, such as pH and oxygen concentration, which may lead to problems such as microenvironment imbalance, increased inflammation or regeneration failure during the treatment process. Safety is difficult to guarantee and the treatment effect is unstable. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Technical problems solved

[0007] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a treatment system that utilizes oral stem cells to promote dental pulp repair, solving the following problems:

[0008] 1. To address the problems of low regeneration efficiency and lack of personalized adaptation in traditional endodontic treatment;

[0009] 2. To address the problem that traditional endodontic treatment lacks real-time microenvironment regulation and safety assurance.

[0010] Technical Solution

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a treatment system for promoting dental pulp repair using oral stem cells, wherein the treatment system synergizes a dynamic gene regulation module, an adaptive intelligent scaffold, and a bio-digital fusion interface. The dynamic gene regulation module, the adaptive intelligent scaffold, and the bio-digital fusion interface synergize through a closed-loop of data flow and regulatory signals to achieve dynamic optimization of dental pulp stem cells in gene expression, microenvironment adaptation, and regeneration processes, thereby promoting the repair and functional reconstruction of dental pulp tissue. The treatment system includes the following steps:

[0012] Sp1: Through a dynamic gene regulation module, a light-controlled CRISPR system is used to dynamically edit the genes of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) to regulate the expression of genes such as BMP-2, VEGF, RUNX2, and HIF-1α. Nanofibers transmit light signals of specific wavelengths to the dental pulp cavity, activating or inhibiting target genes and promoting osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis of dental pulp stem cells.

[0013] Sp2: Personalized treatment: The dynamic gene regulation module in step Sp1 is used to sequence the genome of the patient's dental pulp tissue to determine the priority regulatory sequence of the target gene in the light-controlled CRISPR system. Combined with CT imaging data, 3D printing technology is used to manufacture an adaptive intelligent scaffold that matches the morphology of the dental pulp cavity.

[0014] Sp3: Providing microenvironmental support and regulation for dental pulp stem cells through an adaptive intelligent scaffold composed of a PLGA-PEG complex, a thermosensitive hydrogel, and a graphene nanosensor. The adaptive scaffold has a porous gradient structure and is internally provided with a microfluidic channel and bioelectric stimulation. The microfluidic channel of the adaptive intelligent scaffold dynamically releases growth factors or drugs based on the pH, temperature, and oxygen concentration data in the dental pulp cavity monitored by the graphene nanosensor. The graphene nanosensor applies a weak electrical signal through conductivity to synergistically stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of dental pulp stem cells.

[0015] Sp4: Real-time optimization of the dental pulp regeneration process through a bio-digital fusion interface, which includes an in vitro wearable monitor and an AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform. The wearable monitor collects dental pulp cavity microenvironment data and transmits it to the AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform via wireless communication. The AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform analyzes the data and adjusts the optical signal parameters of the light-controlled CRISPR system and the drug release and electrical stimulation strategies of the adaptive smart scaffold.

[0016] Preferably, the light-controlled CRISPR system includes a Cas9 vector fused with a photosensitive protein and a blue light signal source with a wavelength of 450-470 nm. The photosensitive protein and the Cas9 protein are coupled through light signals to regulate the BMP-2 and VEGF genes in a spatiotemporal specific manner to match the requirements of different stages of dental pulp regeneration.

[0017] Preferably, the thermosensitive hydrogel of the adaptive intelligent scaffold releases VEGF and TGF-β growth factors at body temperature of 36-38°C, and enhances the attachment of dental pulp stem cells through the functionalized RGD motif, and the release rate is regulated according to the pressure of the microfluidic channel.

[0018] Preferably, the graphene nanosensor monitors the level of inflammatory factors in the dental pulp cavity in real time, including IL-6 and TNF-α, and feeds the data back to the bio-digital fusion interface, which dynamically adjusts the release dose of the anti-inflammatory drug based on the parameters.

[0019] Preferably, the microfluidic channel is designed to mimic the natural dental pulp vascular network, with a channel diameter of 50-200 μm, for transporting oxygen and nutrients, while simultaneously discharging metabolic waste at a flow rate of 0.1-1 mL / min through a micropump.

[0020] Preferably, the electrical signal intensity of the bioelectric stimulation is 10-100 μA and the frequency is 1-10 Hz, which is applied through the conductivity of graphene to stimulate dental pulp stem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts and endothelial cells, and the signal parameters are dynamically optimized by the AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform according to the regeneration process.

[0021] Preferably, the in vitro wearable monitor adopts a braces-type design, integrates a flexible sensor, is connected to the adaptive intelligent bracket via Bluetooth 5.0, collects microenvironment data 10 times per second and transmits it to the AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform.

[0022] Preferably, the AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform uses a deep learning algorithm to analyze microenvironment data, predict the 7-14 day trend of the dental pulp regeneration process, and provide parameter adjustment suggestions to doctors through a mobile phone application.

[0023] Preferably, the adaptive intelligent stent has adaptive deformation capability. Through the thermoplasticity of the PLGA-PEG composite, the shape is fine-tuned according to the pressure in the dental pulp cavity after implantation, with a deformation range of 5-15%, ensuring a close fit with the dental pulp tissue.

[0024] Preferably, the hardware components of the treatment system include:

[0025] The three-dimensional scaffold is made of a composite material of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLLA) and collagen. The scaffold has a gradient pore structure with a pore size range of 20-250 μm to support the migration of dental pulp cells and angiogenesis. The scaffold is manufactured using digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technology and is personalized based on a digital model of the patient's teeth.

[0026] A multilayer drug delivery module, embedded in a three-dimensional scaffold, comprising nanoparticle-encapsulated BMP-2 and FGF-2, wherein the multilayer drug delivery module gradually releases the drug when the pH value in the dental pulp cavity is 6.5-7.5, with a release period of 7-21 days;

[0027] A flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator, integrated on the surface of the scaffold, converts the mechanical energy generated by chewing into an electrical signal of 1-50 μV to promote the proliferation of dental pulp stem cells;

[0028] A micro-fiber optic sensor array is used to monitor stress distribution and blood flow velocity inside the stent, with a data acquisition frequency of 5 times per minute;

[0029] A handheld external controller equipped with a near-infrared light source (wavelength range 800-1000nm) is used to remotely activate the photosensitive hydrogel within the scaffold to release stem cell factors;

[0030] The built-in micro battery module supports 8 hours of continuous operation with a voltage range of 3.3-5V, providing a stable energy supply;

[0031] The vibration feedback unit uses low-frequency vibrations of 10-50 Hz to alert patients of usage status or abnormal pulp microenvironment.

[0032] The RF module for smart bracket communication operates at a frequency of 2.4 GHz and is used to receive bracket sensor data and send control instructions;

[0033] The handheld external controller, the built-in battery module, the vibration feedback unit and the intelligent bracket together with the radio frequency module constitute the entire control device. The control device is encapsulated in a waterproof shell and complies with the IP67 standard to ensure durability in daily use.

[0034] Beneficial effects

[0035] The present invention provides a treatment system that utilizes oral stem cells to promote dental pulp repair. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. The present invention significantly improves the efficiency and treatment effect of dental pulp regeneration through the use of a dynamic gene regulation module and an adaptive intelligent scaffold. The dynamic gene regulation module uses a light-controlled CRISPR system to perform real-time gene editing of dental pulp stem cells, regulate the expression of key genes such as BMP-2 and VEGF, and dynamically adjust according to the needs of the regeneration stage, avoiding the shortcomings of traditional static editing and ensuring optimal support for cell differentiation and proliferation. The adaptive intelligent scaffold is based on 3D printing technology and is manufactured in combination with a digital model of the patient's teeth. It has a porous gradient structure, microfluidic channels and bioelectric stimulation functions, can dynamically release growth factors and optimize the microenvironment, and the combination of personalized design and dynamic regulation breaks through the "one-size-fits-all" limitation of traditional endodontic treatment. It can make adaptive adjustments according to the patient's specific needs, which not only improves the repair efficiency of dental pulp tissue, but also enhances the success rate of functional reconstruction, providing patients with dental pulp injury with more efficient and accurate treatment options and promoting the personalized development of oral regenerative medicine.

[0037] 2. The present invention establishes a closed-loop control system for dental pulp regeneration through a bio-digital fusion interface, significantly improving the accuracy and safety of treatment. The interface integrates a wearable monitor and an AI management platform to collect microenvironmental data (such as pH and oxygen concentration) in real time, predicts the regeneration process through AI analysis, and provides feedback to adjust the light signal of the light-controlled CRISPR, the drug release of the scaffold, and the electrical stimulation parameters. This closed-loop mechanism enables immediate intervention in the treatment process and avoids the risk of regeneration failure or inflammation caused by microenvironmental fluctuations. The system provides parameter recommendations through a mobile phone application, enhancing doctor-patient interaction and treatment transparency. This data-driven real-time optimization model overcomes the shortcomings of insufficient monitoring in traditional dental pulp treatment, provides safer and more reliable protection for dental pulp repair, and promotes oral regenerative medicine towards intelligence and precision, with significant breakthrough significance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the treatment system of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A flowchart of the operation of the treatment system of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a hardware structure diagram of the treatment system of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a graph showing changes in the dental pulp regeneration area over time in the fourth specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a comparison diagram of blood vessel density in the fourth specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a graph showing changes in inflammatory factor levels over time in the fourth specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a comparison diagram of tooth hardness improvement in the fourth specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a comparison chart of the pH stability of the microenvironment in the fourth specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Specific embodiment one:

[0048] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a treatment system that uses oral stem cells to promote dental pulp repair is shown. The treatment system works synergistically through a dynamic gene regulation module, an adaptive intelligent scaffold, and a bio-digital fusion interface. The dynamic gene regulation module, the adaptive intelligent scaffold, and the bio-digital fusion interface work together through a closed-loop of data flow and regulatory signals to achieve dynamic optimization of dental pulp stem cells in gene expression, microenvironment adaptation, and regeneration processes, thereby promoting the repair and functional reconstruction of dental pulp tissue. The treatment system includes four core steps: dynamic gene regulation, personalized treatment, adaptive microenvironment support, and bio-digital real-time optimization. The specific contents are as follows:

[0049] Sp1: Dynamic gene regulation: Through the dynamic gene regulation module, the light-controlled CRISPR system is used to dynamically edit the genes of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) to regulate the expression of key genes such as BMP-2, VEGF, RUNX2 and HIF-1α, so as to promote the osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis of dental pulp stem cells, and lay the foundation for cell function for subsequent regeneration; the light-controlled CRISPR system includes a Cas9 vector fused with a photosensitive protein and a blue light signal source with a wavelength of 450-470nm. The photosensitive protein and the Cas9 protein are coupled through light signals to achieve spatiotemporal specific regulation of genes such as BMP-2 and VEGF, matching the different stages of dental pulp regeneration (such as early blood BMP-2 promotes osteogenic differentiation, VEGF induces angiogenesis, RUNX2 enhances dentin mineralization, and HIF-1α improves cell survival in hypoxic environments. Nanofibers, as optical signal transmission tools, precisely transmit blue light to the dental pulp cavity, activating or inhibiting the expression of target genes, ensuring localized and efficient regulation. Compared to traditional static gene editing, the dynamic nature of light-controlled CRISPR allows for real-time adjustment of gene expression according to the regenerative process, avoiding excessive or insufficient regulation, thereby providing optimal support for the differentiation and proliferation of dental pulp stem cells. Through precise intervention at the genetic level, conditions are created for subsequent microenvironmental support and tissue regeneration.

[0050] Sp2: Personalized treatment is further optimized based on dynamic gene regulation. Through genome sequencing and 3D printing technology, treatment plans are tailored for patients to ensure that the system is precisely matched with individual dental pulp tissue. First, the dynamic gene regulation module is used to sequence the genome of the patient's dental pulp tissue to identify specific gene mutations and determine the priority regulatory sequences of target genes (such as BMP-2 and VEGF) in the light-controlled CRISPR system, thereby optimizing the gene editing strategy and improving the treatment effect. For example, if the patient has insufficient VEGF expression, the system will prioritize its regulation. Subsequently, combined with CT imaging data, 3D printing technology is used to manufacture an adaptive intelligent scaffold that fully matches the patient's dental pulp cavity morphology. The personalized design of the adaptive intelligent scaffold not only ensures precise fit with the dental pulp cavity and reduces surgical complexity during implantation, but also provides a physical basis for subsequent microenvironment support. The entire process combines gene regulation with physical scaffolds. By driving the design of treatment plans with patient-specific data, the system can adapt to the degree of dental pulp damage and tissue characteristics of different patients. Personalized preliminary preparation lays the foundation for the efficient implementation of subsequent steps, ensuring the targeted and successful rate of treatment.

[0051] Sp3: Adaptive microenvironment support: Providing dynamic microenvironment support and regulation for dental pulp stem cells through adaptive intelligent scaffolds is the core link for the system to achieve tissue regeneration; the adaptive intelligent scaffold is composed of PLGA-PEG complex, thermosensitive hydrogel and graphene nanosensor, with porous gradient structure, microfluidic channel and bioelectric stimulation function, which can simulate the hierarchical structure of natural dental pulp tissue and dynamically adapt to regeneration needs. The porous gradient structure of the adaptive intelligent scaffold facilitates cell migration and tissue regeneration. The internal microfluidic channel imitates the natural dental pulp vascular network (channel diameter 50-200μm), and delivers oxygen and nutrients at a flow rate of 0.1-1mL / min through a micropump, while expelling metabolic waste to ensure the basic conditions required for cell survival; the thermosensitive hydrogel releases VEGF and TGF-β growth factors at body temperature of 36-38℃, and enhances the attachment of dental pulp stem cells through functionalized RGD motifs, and its release rate is determined by the pressure of the microfluidic channel. Dynamic adjustment to meet the needs of different regeneration stages; graphene nanosensors monitor the pH, temperature, oxygen concentration and inflammatory factor (such as IL-6, TNF-α) levels in the dental pulp cavity in real time, and feed the data back to the bio-digital fusion interface for subsequent optimization and adjustment. In addition, the conductivity of graphene supports bioelectric stimulation function, applying weak electrical signals of 10-100μA and 1-10Hz to stimulate dental pulp stem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts and endothelial cells. The electrical signal parameters are dynamically optimized according to the regeneration process by the AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform. The adaptive intelligent scaffold also has adaptive deformation ability. Through the thermoplasticity of the PLGA-PEG composite, the shape is fine-tuned according to the pressure in the dental pulp cavity after implantation (deformation range 5-15%) to ensure close fit with the tissue. Through the synergistic effect of microenvironment regulation, growth factor release, electrical stimulation and dynamic adaptation, it provides optimal proliferation, differentiation and tissue integration conditions for dental pulp stem cells, thereby promoting the efficient progress of the regeneration process.

[0052] Sp4: Bio-digital real-time optimization: Through the bio-digital fusion interface, real-time monitoring and optimization of the pulp regeneration process are achieved, forming a systematic closed-loop control mechanism to ensure continuous improvement of the treatment effect. The bio-digital fusion interface includes a braces-type wearable monitor and an AI-based pulp regeneration management platform. The wearable monitor adopts a braces-type design, integrated with a flexible sensor, and is connected to the adaptive smart bracket via Bluetooth 5.0. It collects pulp cavity microenvironment data (such as pH, oxygen concentration, inflammatory factor level, etc.) 10 times per second and transmits it to the AI-based pulp regeneration management platform; the AI-based pulp regeneration management platform uses deep learning algorithms to analyze these data, predict the 7-14 day trend of the pulp regeneration process, and adjust the light according to the analysis results. Control the optical signal parameters of the CRISPR system, the drug release of the adaptive intelligent scaffold (such as the dosage of anti-inflammatory drugs) and the electrical stimulation strategy. For example, if the sensor detects an increase in the inflammatory factor IL-6, the AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform will instruct the scaffold to increase the release of anti-inflammatory drugs and adjust the electrical stimulation frequency to relieve inflammation. This optimization process provides parameter adjustment suggestions to doctors through a mobile phone application, enabling doctors to participate in treatment management remotely, improving the transparency of treatment and patient compliance. Through a closed-loop cycle of data collection, AI analysis and control instructions, microenvironment monitoring is combined with gene regulation and scaffold function to ensure that dental pulp stem cells are always in the best condition at different regeneration stages, thereby achieving rapid repair and functional reconstruction of dental pulp tissue.

[0053] System synergy and workflow: The dynamic gene regulation module, adaptive intelligent scaffold, and bio-digital fusion interface form the core advantage of the system through closed-loop synergy of data flow and regulatory signals. The workflow is as follows: First, the dynamic gene regulation module sets a personalized gene expression plan for dental pulp stem cells through the light-controlled CRISPR system and genome sequencing. Next, the adaptive intelligent scaffold is implanted into the dental pulp cavity based on 3D printing technology, providing dynamic microenvironmental support through microfluidics, growth factor release, and electrical stimulation. At the same time, the bio-digital fusion interface collects microenvironmental data in real time, which is fed back to the gene regulation module and scaffold after AI analysis to adjust the light signal, drug release, and electrical stimulation parameters. The AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform optimizes the light signal of the light-controlled CRISPR based on sensor data to regulate gene expression. The adaptive intelligent scaffold releases drugs or adjusts electrical stimulation according to changes in the microenvironment to maintain optimal regeneration conditions. Personalized design is combined with real-time optimization to ensure the efficiency and adaptability of treatment. The entire process is data-driven, forming a complete closed loop from gene regulation to microenvironmental support to real-time optimization, ultimately achieving dynamic optimization of dental pulp stem cells in gene expression, microenvironmental adaptation, and regeneration.

[0054] This treatment system achieves efficient, precise and personalized pulp repair through the organic integration of four steps: dynamic gene regulation, personalized treatment, adaptive microenvironment support and bio-digital real-time optimization. Dynamic gene regulation ensures on-demand adjustment of cell function, adaptive intelligent scaffolds provide optimal microenvironment support, and the bio-digital fusion interface realizes real-time optimization of the treatment process. The synergistic effect of the three has broken through the limitations of traditional pulp treatment and provided an innovative and efficient solution for patients with pulp injury. Specific embodiment two:

[0056] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, based on the content in the above specific embodiments, the following contents are further disclosed:

[0057] Based on the content of the above specific embodiment 1, the following content is further disclosed:

[0058] The purpose of the dynamic gene regulatory module to regulate genes such as BMP-2, VEGF, RUNX2, and HIF-1α is to provide multi-level support to the key biological requirements of dental pulp regeneration, ensuring the optimal performance of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in osteogenic differentiation, angiogenesis, dentin mineralization, and adaptation to hypoxic environments for the following reasons:

[0059] BMP-2 (bone morphogenetic protein-2): responsible for promoting osteogenic differentiation, inducing DPSCs to differentiate into odontoblasts, forming dentin-like structures, and is a core gene for structural repair in dental pulp regeneration;

[0060] VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor): induces angiogenesis, provides blood supply to regenerated pulp tissue, ensures nutrition and oxygen support, and is the key to functional reconstruction;

[0061] RUNX2 (Runt-related transcription factor 2): Enhances dentin mineralization. As a transcription factor for osteogenic differentiation, it promotes the formation of mineralized dentin and increases tooth hardness.

[0062] HIF-1α (hypoxia-inducible factor 1α): Improves the survival ability of cells in a hypoxic environment, adapts to possible hypoxia in the dental pulp cavity, and ensures cell activity.

[0063] Dynamic gene editing is achieved through a light-controlled CRISPR system. The system includes a Cas9 vector fused with a photosensitive protein and a blue light signal source with a wavelength of 450-470nm. The photosensitive protein (such as a photosensitive dimer) is coupled to the Cas9 protein through a light signal. Under blue light irradiation, the cleavage activity of Cas9 is activated, and the promoter regions of these genes are targeted and regulated to activate or inhibit their expression. Nano-fibers precisely transmit blue light to the dental pulp cavity to achieve local regulation and avoid systemic effects. The photosensitive protein (such as CRY2) is coupled to the Cas9 protein through a light signal and activated by 450-470nm blue light to achieve spatiotemporal specific regulation of the BMP-2 and VEGF genes. The specific regulation process is as follows:

[0064] Coupling mechanism: The photosensitive protein CRY2 is fused with Cas9 to form a light-controlled Cas9 complex. Under blue light irradiation, CRY2 undergoes conformational changes, activating the DNA cutting or transcriptional regulation activity of Cas9;

[0065] The regulation methods include activation and inhibition: as shown in Table 1, the regulation parameters for different stages are:

[0066] Activation: Blue light is delivered to the dental pulp cavity through nanofibers, targeting the BMP-2 and VEGF promoter regions to activate gene expression;

[0067] Inhibition: Adjust the light intensity or duration, combine with inhibitory sgRNA, and reduce overexpression;

[0068] Spatiotemporal specificity: Nanofibers ensure localized transmission of light signals, limiting regulation to the dental pulp cavity; illumination duration and frequency determine the timing of regulation;

[0069] Regeneration stage Time Range Control targets Gene regulation Lighting parameters Early (angiogenesis) 0-2 weeks VEGF Activated (high expression) 470nm, 10min / day Mid-stage (osteogenic differentiation) 2-6 weeks BMP-2 Activation (sustained expression) 450nm, 5min / day Late stage (stable mineralization) 6-12 weeks RUNX2 Fine-tuning (stable expression) 450nm, 2min / day

[0070] Table 1

[0071] According to the regeneration process, the AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform adjusts the lighting parameters according to the microenvironment data to ensure that gene expression matches the stage requirements.

[0072] In the personalized treatment step, the priority regulatory sequences of target genes are determined through genomic sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of the patient's dental pulp tissue. The specific process is as follows:

[0073] Genome sequencing: Extract dental pulp tissue samples from patients and use high-throughput sequencing technology (such as the Illumina platform) to obtain whole-genome sequences, focusing on analyzing gene regions related to dental pulp regeneration;

[0074] Variant identification: Identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or mutations in BMP-2, VEGF, RUNX2, and HIF-1α genes by comparing them to a reference genome (e.g., GRCh38) and assess their expression levels and functional impact.

[0075] Priority assessment: Use bioinformatics tools (such as PolyPhen-2 or SIFT) to predict the functional effects of variants and determine regulatory priorities based on the patient's dental pulp damage level (such as inflammation level or hypoxia). For example, if sequencing reveals an expression-suppressing mutation in the VEGF gene promoter region, then prioritizing VEGF regulation is recommended.

[0076] Sequence design: Based on the priority, targeted sgRNA (single-stranded guide RNA) is designed and combined with the light-controlled CRISPR system to ensure efficient targeted regulation;

[0077] The determination of priority regulatory sequences is driven by patient-specific data to ensure that the treatment plan precisely matches individual needs. For example, if the patient's VEGF expression is insufficient, the system will prioritize the design of sgRNA that enhances VEGF expression.

[0078] The adaptive intelligent scaffold dynamically releases growth factors or drugs based on the environmental parameters of the dental pulp cavity (such as pH, temperature, and oxygen concentration) through thermosensitive hydrogels and microfluidic channels. The specific parameter relationships are as follows:

[0079] Trigger conditions: The parameter relationship table is shown in Table 2 below:

[0080] pH value: normal range 6.8-7.4, below 6.8 (acidic) or above 7.4 (alkaline) triggers drug release;

[0081] Temperature: 36-38℃ is the optimal release range. The release rate can be adjusted below 36℃ or above 38℃.

[0082] Oxygen concentration: below 18% (hypoxia) increases VEGF release, while above 22% reduces release;

[0083] Release mechanism: When abnormal parameters are detected, the thermosensitive hydrogel regulates the release rate through microfluidic channel pressure. Drugs (such as VEGF and TGF-β) are encapsulated in the form of nanoparticles, and the release amount is proportional to the environmental deviation;

[0084] Environmental parameters Normal range Abnormal range Release drug Release rate (μg / h) pH 6.8-7.4 <6.8 or >7.4 anti-inflammatory drugs 0.5-1.0 Temperature (℃) 36-38 <36 or >38 VEGF 0.2-0.8 Oxygen concentration (%) 18-22 <18 VEGF 0.5-1.2 Inflammatory factor IL-6 (pg / mL) <20 >20 anti-inflammatory drugs 0.3-0.9

[0085] Table 2

[0086] The release rate is adjusted based on real-time feedback from the sensor to ensure a stable microenvironment and support the proliferation and differentiation of dental pulp stem cells.

[0087] The adaptive intelligent scaffold regulates the release rate of growth factors from the thermosensitive hydrogel through the pressure of the microfluidic channel. The specific regulation mechanism is as follows:

[0088] Pressure sensor: built into the microfluidic channel to monitor the pressure in the channel in real time (unit: kPa);

[0089] Regulation principle: Pressure changes reflect the microenvironmental requirements within the dental pulp cavity (e.g., inflammation or hypoxia leading to increased pressure). When pressure increases, the micropump increases the flow rate and accelerates drug release; when pressure decreases, the release is slowed down.

[0090] Parameter basis: Designed based on the normal pressure range of the dental pulp cavity (5-15kPa), abnormal pressure triggers adjustment, as shown in Table 3 below;

[0091] Pressure range (kPa) Microenvironmental status Release rate (μg / h) Adjustment method 5-10 normal 0.2-0.4 Low-speed release 10-15 Mild abnormality 0.5-0.8 Medium release >15 Severe abnormalities 0.9-1.2 High-speed release

[0092] Table 3

[0093] Pressure is positively correlated with release rate, and the AI platform optimizes the pump speed based on sensor data to ensure that drug release is synchronized with microenvironmental requirements.

[0094] The bio-digital fusion interface uses graphene nanosensors to monitor the levels of inflammatory factors (such as IL-6 and TNF-α) in the dental pulp cavity and dynamically adjusts the release dose of anti-inflammatory drugs. The specific process is as follows:

[0095] Monitoring parameters: Graphene nanosensors detect IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations in real time (unit: pg / mL);

[0096] Regulation mechanism: The AI platform instructs the microfluidic channel to release anti-inflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen) based on concentration changes. The dosage is positively correlated with the level of inflammatory factors.

[0097] Control parameters: Based on the inflammatory factor thresholds of healthy dental pulp tissue (IL-6 < 20 pg / mL, TNF-α < 15 pg / mL), as shown in Table 4 below:

[0098] Inflammatory factors Normal threshold (pg / mL) Abnormal range (pg / mL) Release dose (μg / h) Adjustment basis IL-6 <20 20-50 0.3-0.6 Mild inflammation IL-6 <20 >50 0.7-1.0 Severe inflammation TNF-α <15 15-40 0.2-0.5 Mild inflammation TNF-α <15 >40 0.6-0.9 Severe inflammation

[0099] Table 4

[0100] When IL-6 or TNF-α exceeds the threshold, the AI platform triggers drug release, and the dosage is dynamically adjusted according to the degree of abnormality to ensure rapid relief of inflammation. Specific embodiment three:

[0102] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, based on the content in the above specific embodiments, the following contents are further disclosed:

[0103] The hardware components of the treatment system further include the following:

[0104] Three-dimensional scaffold: The three-dimensional scaffold is made of a composite material of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLLA) and collagen, with a gradient pore structure and a pore size range of 20-250μm. It is manufactured based on a digital model of the patient's teeth using digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technology to achieve personalized adaptation, namely the adaptive smart scaffold in step Sp2, which is used to support dental pulp cell migration and angiogenesis, provide attachment points for dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and simulate the natural pulp hierarchy. It is directly related to the adaptive smart scaffold for personalized treatment in step Sp2. The gradient pore structure works synergistically with the adaptive microenvironment support in step Sp3 to ensure effective cell attachment, proliferation and formation of new tissue. In actual use, after the scaffold is implanted into the dental pulp cavity, the porous structure (20-250μm) adapts to the growth needs of different cells and blood vessels, PLLA provides mechanical support and gradually degrades, and collagen enhances biocompatibility, making room for new tissue over time. Personalized adaptation improves the match with the dental pulp cavity, reduces surgical complexity, and the pore structure optimizes cell migration and vascularization, significantly improving the success rate of regeneration.

[0105] Multi-layer drug delivery module: The multi-layer drug delivery module is embedded in a three-dimensional scaffold, containing BMP-2 and FGF-2 wrapped in nanoparticles. It gradually releases drugs when the pH value in the pulp cavity is 6.5-7.5, with a cycle of 7-21 days, dynamically providing growth factors. BMP-2 promotes osteogenic differentiation, and FGF-2 supports cell proliferation and angiogenesis. As part of the adaptive intelligent scaffold, it corresponds to the dynamic release of growth factors or drugs in step Sp3. The pH trigger mechanism complements the release of growth factors by the thermosensitive hydrogel in step Sp3. When used, under normal physiological pH (6.5-7.5), the nanoparticles degrade and release BMP-2 to induce DPSCs to differentiate into osteoblasts, and FGF-2 promotes proliferation and angiogenesis. The 7-21 day release cycle matches the pulp regeneration window period. In effect, the module ensures continuous biological stimulation, optimizes the structure and functional recovery of the regenerated tissue, and improves the stability of the treatment effect.

[0106] Flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator: The flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator is integrated on the surface of the bracket, and uses the mechanical energy of chewing movement to convert it into a 1-50μV electrical signal to promote the proliferation of DPSCs and provide bioelectric stimulation. It serves as the hardware implementation of the bioelectric stimulation function of step Sp3, and responds to the application of weak electrical signals in step Sp3 to stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of DPSCs and the electrical signal intensity of 10-100μA and the frequency of 1-10Hz. It innovates external power dependence through energy self-sufficiency. When in use, when the patient chews, the piezoelectric material is deformed by force to generate electrical signals, which directly act on DPSCs. The weak electrical stimulation enhances cell proliferation and differentiation. The flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator uses daily chewing to provide continuous stimulation, reduces external energy dependence, and improves the practicality and regeneration efficiency of the system.

[0107] Micro fiber optic sensor array: The micro fiber optic sensor array is used to monitor the stress distribution and blood flow velocity inside the stent. The data acquisition frequency is 5 times per minute, and the microenvironment is monitored in real time. As a supplement to the graphene nanosensor in step Sp3, it is combined with step Sp3 to monitor the microenvironment data in the dental pulp cavity and the level of inflammatory factors to provide comprehensive data support. The sensor detects stress (reflecting the fit and stability of the stent) and blood flow velocity (indicating the process of angiogenesis) through changes in optical signals. The data is collected 5 times per minute to ensure timeliness. The data is fed back to the AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform for analysis, precise monitoring and optimization of treatment adjustments, and improvement of the adaptability and regeneration effect of the stent and tissue.

[0108] Handheld external controller: The handheld external controller is equipped with a near-infrared light source (wavelength 800-1000nm), which is used to remotely activate the photosensitive hydrogel in the stent to release stem cell factors and achieve light-controlled regulation. As an extension of the light-controlled CRISPR system in step Sp1, it corresponds to step Sp1 in which light signals are transmitted through nano-optical fibers to activate gene expression, providing multi-band light control capabilities. Doctors or patients emit near-infrared light to penetrate tissues to trigger the release of factors from hydrogels, promote the proliferation and differentiation of DPSCs, and cooperate with blue light signals. Near-infrared light has strong deep penetration, and the released factors cooperate with gene regulation, significantly improving the regeneration effect and treatment accuracy.

[0109] Built-in micro battery module: The built-in micro battery module supports 8 hours of continuous operation with a voltage range of 3.3-5V, providing stable energy to ensure system operation. As a support for the step Sp4 bio-digital fusion interface, it is related to the braces-type wearable monitor. The battery powers the light source, RF module, and vibration unit to ensure continuous operation without external power supply, stabilize the voltage to avoid fluctuations, and 8 hours of battery life meets daily needs, ensuring the normal operation of components and improving system reliability.

[0110] Vibration feedback unit: The vibration feedback unit uses 10-50Hz low-frequency vibration to prompt patients of usage status or abnormal pulp microenvironment, enhancing patient participation. As part of the bio-digital fusion interface of step Sp4, it complements step Sp4 in providing parameter adjustment suggestions to doctors through mobile phone applications. When abnormalities are detected (such as pH deviation), the unit vibrates to remind patients. The low-frequency design ensures comfortable information transmission, which effectively improves patient perception and compliance, enhances interactivity, and optimizes the treatment experience.

[0111] RF module for intelligent stent communication: The RF module operates at a frequency of 2.4 GHz and is used to receive sensor data and send control instructions to achieve wireless communication. As the hardware for wireless communication and data transmission, it interacts with the data of the Sp4 wearable monitor and the AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform. The module receives microenvironment data through the 2.4 GHz frequency band and sends AI control instructions (such as adjusting drug release) with high-speed and stable transmission to ensure timely response and improve treatment accuracy and intelligence.

[0112] Control device: The control device consists of a handheld external controller, a micro battery module, a vibration feedback unit and a radio frequency module. It is encapsulated in a waterproof shell that meets the IP67 standard and has an integrated operation terminal. It serves as the hardware implementation of the bio-digital fusion interface in step Sp4, corresponding to the real-time optimization of the pulp regeneration process in step Sp4. The patient activates the hydrogel through the controller and receives vibration prompts. The radio frequency module interacts with the bracket. The waterproof design ensures stable operation of the oral environment. It integrates light control, communication and feedback functions. The IP67 standard extends lifespan and improves practicality and treatment efficiency.

[0113] The three-dimensional scaffold and drug delivery module optimize Sp3 microenvironment support through personalized design and dynamic release; the piezoelectric generator and fiber optic sensor enhance the dynamic regulation of Sp1 and the monitoring capabilities of Sp3; the controller, battery, vibration unit and radio frequency module constitute the Sp4 bio-digital fusion interface to achieve real-time optimization and patient participation. The system improves adaptability and intelligence through innovative components (such as piezoelectric energy self-sufficiency and fiber optic monitoring) to ensure efficient, precise and personalized pulp repair. Specific embodiment four:

[0115] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, based on the content in the above specific embodiments, the following contents are further disclosed:

[0116] Compared with existing endodontic treatment solutions, such as traditional root canal treatment, the treatment system of this application has the following main distinguishing features:

[0117] Dynamic gene regulation: Dynamic editing of BMP-2 and VEGF genes in dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) using a light-controlled CRISPR system to promote pulp regeneration and angiogenesis;

[0118] Adaptive intelligent stent: 3D-printed personalized stent with built-in microfluidic channels and bioelectric stimulation devices to improve tissue repair efficiency;

[0119] Bio-digital fusion interface: Real-time monitoring and optimization of the dental pulp microenvironment through wearable monitors and AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform, achieving closed-loop regulation;

[0120] Personalized treatment: Customize treatment plans based on patient genome sequencing and CT imaging data to enhance targeted treatment.

[0121] To further verify the distinguishing features of this application, a comparative experiment was designed to verify the performance of the system in this application in terms of pulp regeneration efficiency, personalized treatment effect, microenvironment regulation ability, and treatment safety. The specific experimental contents are as follows:

[0122] Experimental Group (this technical solution): DPSCs were edited using a light-controlled CRISPR system to dynamically regulate BMP-2 and VEGF gene expression. Based on CT imaging and genomic data, personalized adaptive smart scaffolds were 3D-printed with built-in microfluidic channels and bioelectric stimulation. Microenvironmental parameters (pH, oxygen concentration, etc.) were monitored in real time using a wearable monitor and an AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform to dynamically optimize treatment. The edited DPSCs and smart scaffolds were implanted at the site of dental pulp injury.

[0123] Control group (conventional root canal treatment): The pulp cavity was filled with conventional biocompatible materials (such as MTA); the filling was performed according to the traditional root canal treatment process;

[0124] Experimental subjects and grouping: Twenty-four SD rats were selected to establish a mandibular first molar pulp injury model (using mechanical injury to simulate clinical conditions) and randomly divided into an experimental group (12 rats) and a control group (12 rats).

[0125] In order to quantify the distinctive features of this technical solution, the following key indicators are set:

[0126] Pulp regeneration efficiency: Pulp regeneration area was measured by H&E histological staining;

[0127] Angiogenesis capacity: vascular density was assessed by CD31 immunohistochemical staining;

[0128] Inflammatory response: ELISA was used to detect the levels of inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α);

[0129] Microenvironment stability: sensors are used to record the fluctuation range of pH and oxygen concentration;

[0130] Treatment safety: abnormal proliferation or inflammation was examined by histopathological examination;

[0131] Experimental Procedure: The experimental group of rats underwent dental CT scanning and genome sequencing to design personalized scaffolds and gene editing protocols; this step was not required for the control group. The experimental group received implantation of adaptive scaffolds and edited DPSCs, while the control group underwent traditional root canal filling. The experimental group used wearable devices to record microenvironmental data hourly and optimize it using AI, while the control group did not receive monitoring. Samples were collected 4 and 8 weeks after surgery for histological, immunohistochemical, and ELISA analyses.

[0132] Result verification: The experimental results were compared by quantitative analysis of the performance of the two groups in various indicators, as shown in Table 5 below:

[0133] index Experimental group (this technical plan) Control group (traditional method) P-value Pulp regeneration area (%) 85.3±5.2 45.7±6.8 <0.01 Blood vessel density (lines / mm²) 32.5±4.1 12.3±3.5 <0.01 IL-6 level (pg / mL) 15.2±2.3 45.6±5.7 <0.01 TNF-α level (pg / mL) 10.5±1.8 38.4±4.9 <0.01 pH fluctuation range 7.2-7.4 6.8-7.6 - Oxygen concentration fluctuation (%) 18.5-21.0 15.0-22.5 - Incidence of abnormal hyperplasia (%) 0 8.3 -

[0134] Table 5

[0135] The results are analyzed as follows:

[0136] Pulp regeneration efficiency: The pulp regeneration area in the experimental group reached 85.3%, significantly higher than the 45.7% in the control group, indicating that dynamic gene regulation and the intelligent scaffold significantly promoted pulp tissue repair;

[0137] Angiogenesis: The blood vessel density in the experimental group (32.5 cells / mm²) far exceeded that in the control group (12.3 cells / mm²), validating the role of VEGF gene editing and bioelectric stimulation in angiogenesis.

[0138] Inflammatory response: IL-6 and TNF-α levels were lower in the experimental group (15.2 and 10.5 pg / mL), while higher in the control group (45.6 and 38.4 pg / mL), indicating that real-time optimization of the microenvironment effectively suppressed inflammation.

[0139] Microenvironment stability: The pH (7.2-7.4) and oxygen concentration (18.5-21.0%) in the experimental group fluctuated within a narrow range, while the control group experienced larger fluctuations (pH 6.8-7.6, oxygen 15.0-22.5%), demonstrating that AI regulation improved microenvironment stability.

[0140] Treatment safety: There was no abnormal proliferation in the experimental group, while the incidence in the control group was 8.3%, indicating that this technical solution is safer.

[0141] Through the above comparative experiments, this technical solution is significantly superior to traditional root canal treatment in terms of pulp regeneration efficiency, angiogenesis, inflammation control, microenvironment stability and treatment safety. Its innovative design of dynamic gene regulation, adaptive intelligent scaffold and bio-digital fusion interface fully reflects the advantages of personalization, intelligence and closed-loop optimization, and verifies the breakthrough value of its distinctive features. Specific embodiment five:

[0143] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, based on the content in the above specific embodiments, the following contents are further disclosed:

[0144] To further verify the feasibility of the technical solution of this application in actual use, the following are actual application cases:

[0145] Application Case 1: Pulp regeneration treatment for patients with severe pulpitis:

[0146] Case Background: The patient was a 35-year-old female diagnosed with severe pulpitis. Due to long-term inflammation, her teeth were fragile and at risk of fracture after traditional root canal treatment. This technical solution aims to restore the vitality of the teeth and enhance their structural stability through pulp regeneration treatment.

[0147] The treatment process is as follows:

[0148] Dynamic gene regulation: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are extracted from the patient's dental pulp and the BMP-2 (bone morphogenetic protein-2) and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) genes are edited using a light-controlled CRISPR system to regulate their expression to promote osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis;

[0149] Personalized treatment: Through CT scanning and genome sequencing, we design and use 3D printing technology to create personalized adaptive intelligent stents. The stents have built-in microfluidic channels and bioelectric stimulation devices to ensure the precise delivery of nutrients and signaling factors.

[0150] Adaptive microenvironment support: After implantation, the scaffold continuously releases growth factors and dynamically regulates the dental pulp microenvironment through bioelectric stimulation, promoting tissue regeneration;

[0151] Bio-digital real-time optimization: Using wearable monitors and an AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform, parameters such as pH and oxygen concentration of the dental pulp microenvironment are monitored in real time, and treatment strategies are dynamically adjusted based on the data;

[0152] Treatment effect: 12 months after treatment, the patient's teeth were restored to vitality, pain-free, and chewing function was normal; the following are key data:

[0153] index Before treatment 12 months after treatment Remark Pulp vitality none have - Tooth hardness (HV) 250 320 28% increase Blood vessel density (lines / mm²) - 28.4 - Inflammatory factor IL-6 (pg / mL) 50.3 12.5 75% decrease

[0154] Table 6

[0155] As shown in Table 6 above, through the application of dynamic gene regulation and adaptive scaffolds, pulp regeneration and angiogenesis were significantly enhanced, AI optimization ensured the stability of the microenvironment, the level of inflammatory factors decreased significantly, and the hardness of teeth was significantly improved, indicating the feasibility and superiority of this technical solution in the treatment of severe pulpitis.

[0156] Application Case 2: Comprehensive Restoration for Patients with Pulp Damage and Periodontitis:

[0157] Case Background: The patient was a 42-year-old male with dental pulp damage and periodontitis. Traditional treatments were ineffective, with severe tooth mobility and significant periodontal tissue degeneration. This technology program improved the patient's oral health through combined regenerative treatment of the dental pulp and periodontal tissue.

[0158] The treatment process is as follows:

[0159] Dynamic gene regulation: Targeting dental pulp stem cells and periodontal stem cells, editing the BMP-2 and PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) genes, respectively, to promote the regeneration of dental pulp tissue and periodontal tissue;

[0160] Personalized treatment: Based on CT and MRI data, we design and 3D print a combined stent that supports both pulp and periodontal repair. The stent structure adapts to the patient's dental and periodontal anatomy.

[0161] Adaptive microenvironment support: The scaffold releases BMP-2 (for the dental pulp) and PDGF (for the periodontium), optimizing the local microenvironment through microfluidic channels to promote tissue regeneration;

[0162] Bio-digital real-time optimization: Wearable devices are used to monitor the dynamic changes in the periodontal and dental pulp microenvironments. The AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform adjusts the growth factor release rate and electrical stimulation intensity according to real-time data.

[0163] Treatment effect: 18 months after treatment, the patient's teeth were stable, periodontal inflammation subsided, and pulp vitality was restored. The following are key data:

[0164] index Before treatment 18 months after treatment Remark Tooth mobility (mm) 2.5 0.3 Down 88% Periodontal pocket depth (mm) 6.0 2.5 Down 58% Pulp vitality none have - Inflammatory factor TNF-α (pg / mL) 45.7 9.8 A 78% decrease

[0165] Table 7

[0166] This technical solution achieves the synchronous regeneration of dental pulp and periodontal tissue through combined scaffolds and multi-gene regulation. AI optimization technology ensures the accuracy and safety of the treatment process, significantly reduces tooth mobility and periodontal pocket depth, and fully restores the patient's oral function.

[0167] Summary: The above two cases fully demonstrate the application potential of this technology solution in complex oral diseases such as pulpitis and periodontitis. The synergistic effect of dynamic gene regulation, adaptive intelligent scaffolds and real-time biological digital optimization not only improves the efficiency and personalization level of pulp regeneration, but also significantly improves patients' dental function and quality of life, providing innovative and efficient solutions for oral regenerative medicine and has broad clinical application prospects.

[0168] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the statement "comprising a reference structure" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0169] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A therapeutic system for promoting dental pulp repair using oral stem cells, characterized by: The therapeutic system, through the synergistic action of a dynamic gene regulation module, an adaptive intelligent scaffold, and a bio-digital fusion interface, comprises the following steps: Sp1: The dynamic gene regulation module uses a light-controlled CRISPR system to dynamically edit the genes of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) to regulate the expression of BMP-2, VEGF, RUNX2, and HIF-1α genes. Nanofibers transmit light signals of specific wavelengths to the dental pulp cavity, activating or inhibiting target genes and promoting osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis of dental pulp stem cells. Sp2: Personalized treatment: The dynamic gene regulation module in step Sp1 is used to sequence the genome of the patient's dental pulp tissue to determine the priority regulatory sequence of the target gene in the light-controlled CRISPR system. Combined with CT imaging data, 3D printing technology is used to manufacture an adaptive intelligent scaffold that matches the morphology of the dental pulp cavity. Sp3: Providing microenvironmental support and regulation for dental pulp stem cells through an adaptive intelligent scaffold composed of a PLGA-PEG complex, a thermosensitive hydrogel, and a graphene nanosensor. The adaptive scaffold has a porous gradient structure and is internally provided with a microfluidic channel and bioelectric stimulation. The microfluidic channel of the adaptive intelligent scaffold dynamically releases growth factors or drugs based on the pH, temperature, and oxygen concentration data in the dental pulp cavity monitored by the graphene nanosensor. The graphene nanosensor applies a weak electrical signal through conductivity to synergistically stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. Sp4: Real-time optimization of the dental pulp regeneration process through a bio-digital fusion interface, which includes an in vitro wearable monitor and an AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform. The wearable monitor collects dental pulp cavity microenvironment data and transmits it to the AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform via wireless communication. The AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform analyzes the data and adjusts the optical signal parameters of the light-controlled CRISPR system and the drug release and electrical stimulation strategies of the adaptive smart scaffold.

2. The therapeutic system for promoting dental pulp repair using oral stem cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light-controlled CRISPR system includes a Cas9 vector fused with a photosensitive protein and a blue light signal source with a wavelength of 450-470nm. The photosensitive protein and Cas9 protein are coupled through light signals to regulate the BMP-2 and VEGF genes in a spatiotemporal specific manner to match the needs of different stages of dental pulp regeneration.

3. The therapeutic system for promoting dental pulp repair using oral stem cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermosensitive hydrogel of the adaptive intelligent scaffold releases VEGF and TGF-β growth factors at body temperature of 36-38°C, and enhances the attachment of dental pulp stem cells through the functionalized RGD motif, and the release rate is regulated according to the pressure of the microfluidic channel.

4. The therapeutic system for promoting dental pulp repair using oral stem cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The graphene nanosensor monitors the levels of inflammatory factors in the dental pulp cavity in real time, including IL-6 and TNF-α, and feeds the data back to the bio-digital fusion interface, which dynamically adjusts the release dose of the anti-inflammatory drug based on the parameters.

5. The therapeutic system for promoting dental pulp repair using oral stem cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microfluidic channel design mimics the natural dental pulp vascular network, with a channel diameter of 50-200 μm, and is used to transport oxygen and nutrients, while simultaneously discharging metabolic waste at a flow rate of 0.1-1 mL / min through a micropump.

6. The therapeutic system for promoting dental pulp repair using oral stem cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical signal intensity of the bioelectric stimulation is 10-100 μA and the frequency is 1-10 Hz. It is applied through the conductivity of graphene to stimulate dental pulp stem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts and endothelial cells, and the signal parameters are dynamically optimized by the AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform according to the regeneration process.

7. The therapeutic system for promoting dental pulp repair using oral stem cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The in vitro wearable monitor adopts a braces-style design with integrated flexible sensors. It is connected to the adaptive smart bracket via Bluetooth 5.0, collecting microenvironment data 10 times per second and transmitting it to the AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform.

8. The therapeutic system for promoting dental pulp repair using oral stem cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform uses deep learning algorithms to analyze microenvironment data, predict the 7-14 day trend of the dental pulp regeneration process, and provide parameter adjustment suggestions to doctors through a mobile phone application.

9. The therapeutic system for promoting dental pulp repair using oral stem cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive intelligent stent has adaptive deformation capability. Through the thermoplasticity of the PLGA-PEG composite, it fine-tunes its shape according to the pressure in the dental pulp cavity after implantation. The deformation range is 5-15%, ensuring a close fit with the dental pulp tissue.

10. The therapeutic system for promoting dental pulp repair using oral stem cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hardware components of the treatment system include: A three-dimensional scaffold made of a composite material of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLLA) and collagen, wherein the three-dimensional scaffold has a gradient pore structure with a pore size range of 20-250 μm to support the migration and angiogenesis of dental pulp cells; A multilayer drug delivery module, embedded in a three-dimensional scaffold, comprising nanoparticle-encapsulated BMP-2 and FGF-2, wherein the multilayer drug delivery module gradually releases the drug when the pH value in the dental pulp cavity is 6.5-7.5, with a release period of 7-21 days; A flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator, integrated on the surface of the scaffold, converts the mechanical energy generated by chewing into an electrical signal of 1-50 μV to promote the proliferation of dental pulp stem cells; A micro-fiber optic sensor array is used to monitor stress distribution and blood flow velocity inside the stent, with a data acquisition frequency of 5 times per minute; A handheld external controller equipped with a near-infrared light source (wavelength range 800-1000nm) is used to remotely activate the photosensitive hydrogel within the scaffold to release stem cell factors; The built-in micro battery module supports 8 hours of continuous operation with a voltage range of 3.3-5V, providing a stable energy supply; The vibration feedback unit uses low-frequency vibrations of 10-50 Hz to alert patients of usage status or abnormal pulp microenvironment. The RF module for intelligent bracket communication operates at a frequency of 2.4GHz and is used to receive bracket sensor data and send control instructions.

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