Efficient energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of feed processing, in particular to an efficient energy-saving feed raw material grinding and smashing device which comprises a smashing box body, a feeding groove is formed in the top of the smashing box body, a material passing cavity is formed in the feeding groove, and the bottom of the material passing cavity communicates with a grinding and smashing cavity and a collecting cavity. A plurality of smashing assemblies are arranged on the transmission rotary drum, a plurality of collecting assemblies are arranged in the transmission rotary drum, a feeding driving assembly is arranged in the material passing cavity, an adjusting smashing assembly is arranged in the transmission rotary drum, and a screen piece adjusting assembly is arranged in the collecting cavity. And a control system is arranged in the crushing box body, judges the hardness, density and distribution uniformity of the materials according to data acquired by the acquisition assembly, controls the feeding flow of the raw materials, and dynamically adjusts the screening thickness and the crushing efficiency of the crushing assembly. According to the invention, asymmetric rotor design, dynamic airflow regulation and control and an intelligent feedback system are integrated, so that the particle sorting problem is solved, the energy consumption of crushing and grinding is reduced, and the service life of crushing hammers is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of feed processing, in particular to a high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device. Background Art

[0002] The high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device is an advanced crushing equipment designed for the feed processing industry. Through structural innovation and intelligent control technology, it achieves efficient material crushing, precise grading and energy consumption optimization. It is suitable for the processing of various raw materials such as corn, soybean meal, straw, etc.

[0003] Patent document CN115338002B discloses a granular feed additive preparation device comprising a base; a feed box fixedly mounted at the upper middle portion of the base; grinding cylinders fixedly docked at the left and right ends of the feed box; a heating plate symmetrically mounted at the lower end of the feed box; and a servo motor mounted at the right end of the grinding cylinder, the lower end support of the servo motor being fixedly connected to the base. This device ensures the quality of pellet formation when the feed additive raw materials to be processed are placed through the feed hopper, preventing the raw materials from adhering to the grinding plate due to excessive moisture, resulting in failure to grind into shape.

[0004] In actual application, the grinding disc and grinding wheel on the grinding shaft are arranged symmetrically. During high-speed rotation, the material is easily affected by centrifugal force, resulting in "edge accumulation and center retention" phenomenon. In addition, due to the fixed gap between the filter ring and the grinding cylinder, the airflow intensity cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the material particle size. Fine particles may accumulate at the edge due to centrifugal force, and coarse particles are not fully crushed in the center, thus blocking the fine particles. Therefore, it is necessary to design a high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device, which integrates an asymmetric rotor design, dynamic airflow control and intelligent feedback system to solve the particle sorting problem, reduce the energy consumption of crushing and grinding, and extend the service life of the hammer.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device, comprising a grinding box, a feeding trough is provided on the top of the grinding box, a feeding chamber is provided in the feeding trough, a grinding and crushing chamber is connected to the bottom of the feeding chamber, a transmission drum is rotatably connected to the grinding and crushing chamber, a plurality of grinding assemblies for hammering and crushing the grinding raw materials are slidably connected to the transmission drum along its circumference, a control system is configured in the grinding box, and a grinding drive assembly for driving the transmission rotation is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the grinding box;

[0007] Several collection components are installed in the transmission drum, and the collection components are connected to the control system signal. A feed drive component is installed in the material feeding chamber. The collection components are used to collect radial pressure, material resistance and vibration data of several crushing components during the crushing process. The control system determines the hardness, density and distribution uniformity of the material based on these data, and transmits the drive signal to control the feed drive component to adjust the flow rate of the material entering the crushing box.

[0008] A fixed cylinder is coaxially fixedly connected to the transmission drum, and an adjusting crushing assembly is provided in the fixed cylinder for adjusting the crushing efficiency of the crushing assembly according to the material crushing conditions. A collecting chamber is provided at the bottom of the grinding and crushing chamber, and a transmission chamber is provided on one side of the grinding and crushing chamber. A transmission assembly fixedly connected to the adjusting crushing assembly is provided in the transmission chamber, and a sieve adjustment assembly for adjusting the screening aperture is fixedly connected in the collecting chamber. When the adjusting crushing assembly drives the crushing assembly to move, the transmission assembly transmits the displacement of the driving adjustment assembly to the sieve adjustment assembly, so that the size of the sieve aperture can be dynamically adjusted according to the crushing efficiency.

[0009] The technical principle of the above scheme is as follows: the material enters the feeding chamber through the feed chute, and the material flow is controlled and adjusted by the feed drive component, and then falls into the grinding and crushing chamber. In the grinding and crushing chamber, the crushing drive component drives the transmission drum to drive the crushing component to rotate at high speed, and the crushing component hammers and crushes the material. At the same time, the acquisition component collects radial pressure, material resistance and vibration data during the crushing process in real time, and transmits these data to the control system. The control system judges the hardness, density and distribution uniformity of the material based on these data, and adjusts the feed drive component accordingly to control the flow of material entering the crushing box and dynamically adjusts the crushing efficiency of the crushing component according to the crushing situation of the material; when the hardness of the material is high or the distribution is uneven, adjusting the crushing component will drive the crushing component to apply greater pressure to the material to improve the crushing efficiency; conversely, when the hardness of the material is low or the distribution is uniform, adjusting the crushing component will reduce the pressure of the crushing component to avoid energy waste caused by excessive crushing;

[0010] The collecting chamber at the bottom of the grinding and crushing chamber is used to collect the crushed materials. In the collecting chamber, the screen adjustment component dynamically adjusts the size of the screen holes according to the crushing efficiency through the transmission of the transmission component. When the crushing efficiency is high, the screen holes will increase accordingly to allow more materials to pass through. When the crushing efficiency is reduced, the screen holes will decrease to intercept insufficiently crushed materials to ensure the crushing quality.

[0011] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] 1. This solution uses a collection component to monitor dynamic mechanical data during the pulverization process in real time. Combined with a control system that intelligently analyzes differences in the material's physical properties, it achieves adaptive adjustment of the feed rate. When increased material hardness or uneven distribution is detected, the drive component reduces the feed rate, avoiding energy waste caused by overloading the pulverizer. When material properties stabilize, processing efficiency is improved, forming a dynamic energy efficiency balance mechanism that effectively reduces energy consumption per unit of output.

[0013] 2. This solution utilizes an adjustable mechanical linkage design between the crushing assembly and the screening system to achieve coordinated control of crushing intensity and screening accuracy. When material characteristics require increased crushing force, the adjustment assembly simultaneously expands the crushing assembly's effective hammer radius, while the transmission mechanism drives the adjustment screen to reduce the size of the screen aperture. This ensures sufficient crushing of high-strength materials while preventing reprocessing caused by substandard crushed materials that slip through the screen, forming an adaptive closed-loop system for graded processing.

[0014] 3. This solution leverages a multi-dimensional sensing system built into the drive drum to establish a real-time mapping relationship between material flow patterns and equipment response. Based on radial pressure fluctuations and vibration spectrum characteristics, the control system identifies material agglomeration and chamber fullness. By adjusting the distribution density and spatial arrangement of the crushing components, it automatically optimizes the contact probability between the hammer strike zone and the retained material, effectively eliminating the "air strike" energy loss and localized over-crushing common in traditional crushers, significantly improving crushing uniformity.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of sliding grooves are opened in the circumferential direction of the side wall of the fixed cylinder, and the crushing components respectively include telescopic connecting rods that slide correspondingly in the sliding grooves. One end of the telescopic connecting rod is located in the fixed cylinder, and the other end of the telescopic connecting rod passes through the side wall of the transmission rotating cylinder and is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped piece. The surface of the arc-shaped piece can be detachably connected to a plurality of hammer pieces.

[0016] Benefits: Through the interaction of the sliding slot and the telescopic connecting rod, the crushing assembly's hammer radius can be dynamically adjusted based on material characteristics. When the material is hard, the adjustment assembly drives the telescopic connecting rod outward, increasing the contact arm between the hammers and the material and boosting the impact energy. When the material is loose, the hammers are spaced closer together to avoid air strikes. The curved blades and removable hammers further enable quick replacement of worn parts, reducing downtime and maintenance costs.

[0017] Furthermore, the lengths of the plurality of hammers decrease gradually along the axial spiral gradient of the transmission drum.

[0018] Beneficial Effects: The spirally arranged hammers form a progressive crushing trajectory as the drive drum rotates. Long hammer areas prioritize coarse crushing, while short hammer areas perform fine grinding. The axial length differences allow the material to naturally stratify under centrifugal force, reducing energy redundancy caused by repeated crushing. The spiral layout also optimizes airflow disturbances, accelerating the screening efficiency of crushed materials.

[0019] Furthermore, a sound sensor corresponding to the grinding and crushing chamber position is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the crushing box. The sound sensor is connected to the control system signal. The sound sensor is used to assist in determining the particle size distribution by collecting the soundprint characteristics of the material crushing;

[0020] An infrared thermal imager is fixedly connected to the side wall of the feeding chamber away from the feeding plate. The infrared thermal imager is connected to the control system signal. The infrared thermal imager is used to identify the agglomeration situation or the moisture distribution of the raw materials through the temperature field distribution.

[0021] Beneficial Effects: By combining soundprint characteristics with temperature field distribution analysis, the control system can accurately identify abnormal particle size distribution (such as residual large particles) and areas of agglomeration or excessive humidity. For example, a high-frequency crushing soundprint corresponds to an increased proportion of fine particles, while a localized temperature rise on infrared thermal imaging indicates the accumulation of viscous materials. The control system can then dynamically adjust the feed rate and sieve size, achieving closed-loop control of both humidity and particle size.

[0022] Furthermore, the adjustable crushing assembly includes an electric hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transmission cylinder, and the output end of the electric hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to an adjusting table, the top circular area of ​​the adjusting table is smaller than the bottom circular area, and one end of a plurality of telescopic connecting rods located in the fixed cylinder is slidably connected to the outer wall of the adjusting table.

[0023] Beneficial Effects: The conical structure of the adjustment cone converts the linear displacement of the hydraulic cylinder into radial displacement of the telescopic connecting rod, enabling synchronous adjustment of multiple hammers through inclined sliding contact. The matching design of the cone slope and contact angle ensures a linear relationship between displacement and hammer force, avoiding adjustment lag caused by sudden changes in material resistance and improving the response accuracy of crushing intensity control.

[0024] Furthermore, a deformation grading component is provided in the grinding and crushing chamber above the transmission drum. The deformation grading component includes an elastic layer, which fits the side wall of the grinding and crushing chamber. Several skeletons are welded in the elastic layer, and the skeletons are nickel-titanium memory alloy skeletons.

[0025] Beneficial Effects: The nickel-titanium shape memory alloy skeleton undergoes elastic deformation under the impact of material within the crushing chamber. This phase change, triggered by temperature or stress, dynamically adjusts the curvature of the elastic layer. As the material density increases, the elastic layer expands outward under pressure, widening the grading gap and preventing clogging. Under low load, it returns to its original shape, narrowing the gap and ensuring grading accuracy. This design achieves adaptive matching between the mechanical structure and the material flow pattern.

[0026] Furthermore, the screen adjustment assembly includes a fixed screen and an adjustable screen. The two sides of the fixed screen are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the inner wall of the crushing box. The adjustable screen is located on the outside of the fixed screen. The two sides of the adjustable screen are respectively slidably connected to the two sides of the inner wall of the crushing box. A number of sieve holes corresponding to each other are opened on the surfaces of the adjustable screen and the fixed screen.

[0027] Beneficial Effects: The staggered sliding design of the fixed and adjustable screens dynamically adapts to the needs of materials with varying particle sizes by varying the overlapping area of ​​the screen apertures. When the adjustable screen slides outward, the effective size of the screen aperture decreases, intercepting substandard particles and returning them for secondary crushing. When it slides inward, the aperture increases, increasing throughput at high crushing efficiency. This dual-screen structure maintains screening accuracy while avoiding the clogging issues associated with single-layer screens.

[0028] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a round rod fixedly connected to the top of the adjusting table, and the end of the round rod away from the adjusting table penetrates the side wall of the transmission drum and the side wall of the crushing box and extends into the transmission cavity. The end of the round rod away from the adjusting table is rotatably connected to a telescopic adjusting rod, and an input gear is provided on the telescopic adjusting rod, and an inclined groove is provided on the inner wall of the input gear. A slide bar corresponding to the inclined groove is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the telescopic adjusting rod, and the slide bar slides in the inclined groove. A transmission gear is engaged under the input gear, and an output rack is engaged at the bottom of the transmission gear. The output rack is fixedly connected to a connecting block near the side of the adjusting screen, and the connecting block penetrates the side wall of the collecting chamber and is fixedly connected to the adjusting screen.

[0029] Beneficial Effect: The inclined chute of the input gear cooperates with the slide bar of the telescopic adjustment rod to convert the axial displacement of the adjustment table into rotational motion of the input gear, which is then converted into linear displacement of the adjustment screen through the rack and pinion drive. The angle of the inclined chute creates a nonlinear mapping between the adjustment of the screen and the adjustment of the crushing intensity, ensuring that the screen aperture shrinks faster at high crushing intensities, in line with the exponential decay law of particle size distribution after material crushing.

[0030] Furthermore, a closed guide plate is provided between the arc-shaped pieces. The closed guide plate is elastic. One end of the closed guide plate is connected to the arc-shaped piece through a spring, and the other end of the closed guide plate is hinged to the inner side of the adjacent arc-shaped piece.

[0031] Beneficial Effects: The elastic closed guide plate expands under centrifugal force as the hammers rotate, guiding the material to disperse evenly along the tangential direction of the arc-shaped blades. When the machine is shut down, the spring retracts and closes to prevent residual material from settling. The dual-degree-of-freedom design of articulated and elastic connections not only prevents the rigid guide structure from interfering with the hammer's motion, but also reduces material retention in dead corners of the crushing chamber through flexible drainage, improving crushing uniformity.

[0032] Furthermore, the control system includes a data acquisition module, a data processing and analysis module, a decision and instruction generation module, and an execution control module;

[0033] The data acquisition module is used to detect the radial pressure, crushing resistance torque and vibration spectrum of the hammer using pressure sensors, torque sensors and vibration sensors respectively, to determine the impact strength and agglomeration risk of the material, reflect the hardness and viscosity of the material, and identify the uniformity of material distribution or dynamic balance deviation;

[0034] The data processing and analysis module is used to extract the pressure peaks from a number of radial pressure data, analyze and determine the material hardness level based on the corresponding crushing resistance torque, and determine the material distribution status through vibration spectrum data;

[0035] The decision-making and instruction generation module is used to judge the current crushing situation according to the material hardness level and material distribution status, and generate a driving signal according to the crushing situation;

[0036] The execution control module is used to receive the driving signal generated by the decision and instruction generation module, and transmit the driving signal to the electric hydraulic cylinder to drive the electric hydraulic cylinder to extend or contract, so as to adjust the distance between the plurality of arc-shaped pieces and the inner wall of the crushing and grinding chamber.

[0037] Beneficial effects: The data acquisition module builds a multi-dimensional model of material characteristics through multi-sensor fusion (pressure, torque, vibration, soundprint, infrared); the analysis module uses the correlation between pressure peak and vibration spectrum to distinguish between hardness and viscosity-dominated crushing conditions; the decision module dynamically generates collaborative instructions for feeding, crushing intensity, and screening parameters based on fuzzy logic; the execution module realizes closed-loop optimization of the entire process from perception to action through precise drive of the electronically controlled hydraulic cylinder and transmission mechanism, comprehensively improving energy efficiency and crushing quality stability.

[0038] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of a high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and pulverizing device according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic isometric cross-sectional view of the grinding and crushing chamber in an embodiment of the high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a reverse axonometric sectional view of the grinding box in the embodiment of the high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is an axonometric diagram of a transmission drum in an embodiment of the high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and pulverizing device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 This is an axonometric cross-sectional view of the transmission drum in an embodiment of the high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and pulverizing device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic isometric cross-sectional view of a transmission chamber in an embodiment of the high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and pulverizing device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 The figure is a schematic diagram of the operation of the control system in the embodiment of the high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device of the present invention.

[0046] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. crushing box; 2. feed trough; 3. material passing chamber; 4. grinding and crushing chamber; 5. feed plate; 6. drive box; 7. crushing drive assembly; 8. transmission drum; 9. fixed drum; 10. sliding groove; 11. telescopic connecting rod; 12. arc-shaped plate; 13. hammer plate; 14. limit groove; 15. limit rod; 16. electric hydraulic cylinder; 17. adjustment table; 18. collecting chamber; 19. fixed screen; 20. adjustment screen; 21. sieve hole; 22. round rod; 23. telescopic adjustment rod; 2301, inner rod; 2302, outer drum; 24. input gear; 25. slide bar; 26. transmission gear; 27. output rack; 28. sound sensor; 29. ​​elastic layer; 30. infrared thermal imager. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0050] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0051] Example 1:

[0052] As attached Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown: A high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device, including a grinding box 1, a feed trough 2 is opened on the top of the grinding box 1, a feeding chamber 3 is inside the feed trough 2, and the bottom of the feeding chamber 3 is connected to the grinding and crushing chamber 4, and a feed drive component is provided in the feeding chamber 3, and the feed drive component includes a feed plate 5, and an angle adjustment member is provided between the feed plate 5 and the inner wall of the feed trough 2. The two ends of the angle adjustment member are respectively hinged to the inner wall of the feed trough 2 and the bottom surface of the feed plate 5, and the angle adjustment member includes an electrically controlled telescopic rod. When the angle adjustment member is driven to push outward or retract inward, the feed plate 5 rotates counterclockwise or clockwise around the hinge point, changing the angle between the feed plate 5 and the horizontal plane, thereby realizing the opening adjustment of the raw material entering the grinding and crushing chamber 4 and increasing or reducing the material flow.

[0053] The side wall of the crushing box 1 is welded with a drive box 6 corresponding to the position of the grinding and crushing chamber 4. A crushing drive assembly 7 is provided in the drive box 6. The crushing drive assembly 7 includes a servo motor fixedly connected to the drive box 6 by bolts. A grinding and crushing assembly is provided in the grinding and crushing chamber 4. Hollow support drums are symmetrically welded to the inner walls of both sides of the crushing box 1. One end of the support drum is rotatably connected to the side wall of the crushing box 1 through a bearing. The output shaft of the servo motor passes through the side wall of the crushing box 1 and extends to the support drum on the same side. A transmission drum 8 is provided between the two support drums. The outer walls of the transmission drum 8 on both sides are respectively welded to the support drums on both sides. The output end of the servo motor is fixed to the transmission drum 8 by a coupling Connection, a hollow fixed cylinder 9 is coaxially welded in the transmission drum 8, and a number of sliding grooves 10 are opened on the circumferential side wall of the fixed cylinder 9. A telescopic connecting rod 11 is slidably fitted in the sliding groove 10. One end of the telescopic connecting rod 11 is located in the fixed cylinder 9, and the other end of the telescopic connecting rod 11 passes through the side wall of the transmission drum 8 and is welded with an arc piece 12. The surface of the arc piece 12 is detachably connected with a number of hammer pieces 13. The lengths of the hammer pieces 13 decrease along the axial spiral gradient of the transmission drum 8. After the servo motor is started, its output shaft drives the transmission drum 8 to rotate at high speed, driving the fixed cylinder 9 and the number of telescopic rods to rotate synchronously. At this time, the hammer pieces 13 hit the raw materials and directly crush large particles through kinetic energy transfer.

[0054] In particular, the lengths of the hammers 13 are designed to decrease in a spiral gradient along the axial direction of the transmission drum 8, such as Figure 4 As shown, first, since the hammer 13 at the feed end is longer, a high-intensity impact zone is formed at the entrance of the crushing chamber, which quickly crushes large pieces of raw materials; the hammer 13 at the discharge end is gradually shortened, adapting to the spiral outward movement path of the material, and finely grinding at a high speed in the outlet area to avoid energy waste caused by excessive crushing; the design of this gradient length difference will form an axially increasing intensity shear airflow on the outside of several hammers 13, forcing the material to be evenly dispersed, eliminating the invalid vortex caused by the traditional symmetrical hammer 13, improving the airflow utilization rate, and reducing the unit energy consumption of one crushing and grinding.

[0055] A plurality of limit grooves 14 are provided on the side of the transmission drum 8 close to the supporting drum. The limit grooves 14 are parallel to the corresponding telescopic connecting rods 11. The limit grooves 14 are vertically slidably connected to the limit rods 15. The ends of the limit rods 15 away from the limit grooves 14 are welded to the side walls of the corresponding telescopic connecting rods 11. This design can improve the stability of the rotation of the hammer 13 during the crushing and grinding process, and reduce the risk of the crushing efficiency being affected by the tilt of the telescopic connecting rod 11.

[0056] The outer wall of the fixed cylinder 9 is fixedly connected to a number of collection components, each of which includes a pressure sensor, a torque sensor and a vibration sensor. The pressure sensors are all embedded in the fixed cylinder 9 and correspond to the roots of different hammers 13 respectively. The pressure sensors are used to detect the radial pressure exerted on different hammers 13, the torque sensor is used to detect the resistance of material crushing, and the vibration sensor is used to detect whether the material is uniform. An adjustment crushing component is provided in the fixed cylinder 9, and the adjustment crushing component includes an electric hydraulic cylinder 16. The bottom of the electric hydraulic cylinder 16 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transmission drum 8 by screws. The electric hydraulic cylinder 1 An adjusting platform 17 is welded to the output end of the adjusting platform 17. The top circular area of ​​the adjusting platform 17 is smaller than the bottom circular area. One end of each of the telescopic connecting rods 11 located in the fixed cylinder 9 is slidably connected to the adjusting platform 17 via a slider slot structure. The extension and contraction of the electronically controlled hydraulic cylinder 16 pushes the adjusting platform 17 up or down. The outer inclined wall of the adjusting platform 17 forces all the telescopic connecting rods 11 to synchronously expand or contract along the radial direction of the limit groove 14 through the slider slot structure, driving the hammer 13 to extend outward or inward, adjusting the distance between the hammer 13 and the side wall of the crushing chamber, and increasing the shear strength to crush high-hardness materials.

[0057] When the pressure sensor, torque sensor and vibration sensor collect radial pressure, material resistance and vibration data during the crushing process in real time, the control system uses an algorithm to comprehensively judge the hardness, density and distribution uniformity of the material. If it is detected that the pressure peak exceeds the limit (such as fiber agglomeration causes a sudden increase in the load of the hammer 13, that is, when the pressure data detected by the pressure sensor increases) or the vibration spectrum is abnormal (uneven material distribution causes dynamic balance offset), the electronically controlled hydraulic cylinder 16 immediately starts to expand the spacing adjustment of the hammers 13. When the torque sensor feedback resistance decreases (such as the material moisture decreases and the brittleness increases), the electronically controlled hydraulic cylinder 16 is driven to automatically shorten the spacing of the hammers 13, increase the linear speed, and reduce the unit crushing energy consumption. This design realizes the dynamic adjustment of the spacing of the hammers 13, so that the crushing chamber is always in the optimal working condition, improves the overall crushing efficiency, and is especially suitable for the efficient processing of variable parameters of fiber, viscosity and other materials.

[0058] The special feature is that the bottom of the grinding and crushing chamber 4 is connected to the collecting chamber 18, and a screen adjustment component is provided at the connection between the grinding and crushing chamber 4 and the collecting chamber 18. The screen adjustment component includes a fixed screen 19 and an adjusting screen 20. The two sides of the fixed screen 19 are respectively welded to the two sides of the inner wall of the crushing box 1, and the adjusting screen 20 is located on the outside of the fixed screen 19. A plurality of sieve holes 21 with the same aperture and corresponding positions are opened on the surfaces of the adjusting screen 20 and the fixed screen 19. A round rod 22 is welded on the side of the adjusting table 17 away from the electric hydraulic cylinder 16. When the electric hydraulic cylinder 16 drives the adjusting table 17 to extend and retract, the round rod 22 moves synchronously with the adjusting table 17. A transmission chamber is provided on the side of the grinding and crushing chamber 4 near the round rod 22. The round rod 22 penetrates the side wall of the transmission drum 8 and the side wall of the crushing box 1 and extends into the transmission chamber. A telescopic adjusting rod 23 is provided on the end of the round rod 22 away from the adjusting table 17. The telescopic adjusting rod 23 includes an inner rod 2301 and an outer cylinder 2302 that are slidably connected to each other. 02, the inner rod 2301 is rotatably connected to the round rod 22 through a bearing, the outer cylinder 2302 is welded to the side wall of the crushing box 1, and the outer side of the inner rod 2301 is provided with an input gear 24 rotatably connected to the outer cylinder 2302 through a bearing. The inner wall of the input gear 24 is provided with an inclined groove, and the outer wall of the inner rod 2301 is welded with a slide bar 25 corresponding to the inclined groove. The slide bar 25 slides in the inclined groove. When the inner rod 2301 moves linearly with the round rod 22, the inclined groove forces the input gear 24 to rotate around its own axis. The lower part of the input gear 24 is meshed with a transfer gear 26 rotatably connected to the side wall of the transmission chamber through a bearing. The bottom of the transfer gear 26 is meshed with an output rack 27. The output rack 27 is welded with a connecting block near the side of the adjusting screen 20. The connecting block passes through the side wall of the collecting chamber 18 and is welded to the adjusting screen 20. Through the transmission of the transfer gear 26, the rotation of the input gear 24 is transmitted to the output rack 27, which pushes the adjusting screen 20 to rotate around the outer wall of the fixed screen 19 through the connecting block.

[0059] Based on the movement of the above-mentioned adjustable screen 20, the sieve holes 21 of the fixed screen 19 and the adjustable screen 20 are initially aligned. When the adjustable screen 20 rotates, the two sieve holes 21 are staggered, and the effective aperture is reduced, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the crushing efficiency (the distance between the hammer 13 and the inner wall of the grinding and crushing chamber 4) and the aperture of the sieve hole 21. For high-hardness materials, the crushing efficiency is improved while the sieve hole 21 is reduced; while for sticky materials, the crushing efficiency is reduced and the sieve hole 21 is expanded. The mechanical feedback-sieve hole 21 joint adjustment mechanism achieves a dynamic balance between crushing efficiency and energy consumption, which is particularly suitable for the processing of feed raw materials with complex ingredients.

[0060] Example 2:

[0061] The difference from Example 1 is that a closed guide plate is provided between the arc-shaped pieces 12. The closed guide plate is elastic, and one end of the closed guide plate is connected to the arc-shaped piece 12 by a spring, and the other end of the closed guide plate is hinged to the inner side of the adjacent arc-shaped piece 12, forming a flexible baffle that can automatically expand or fold as the arc-shaped piece 12 expands and contracts. When the electric hydraulic cylinder 16 drives the adjustment table 17 to rise and fall, the arc-shaped piece 12 expands outward or contracts inward, and the guide plate expands or folds synchronously under the tension of the spring, always covering the gap area between the arc-shaped pieces 12, preventing materials from falling into the gap and ensuring that there is no dead angle in the crushing chamber.

[0062] Example 3:

[0063] As attached Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the difference from Example 2 is that the outer wall of the crushing box 1 is fixedly connected to the sound sensor 28 corresponding to the grinding and crushing chamber 4 by bolts, and the sound sensor 28 is connected to the control system signal to assist in judging the particle size distribution through the sound print characteristics (frequency, amplitude) of the material crushing.

[0064] An infrared thermal imager 30 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the feeding chamber 3 away from the feeding plate 5 by bolts. The infrared thermal imager 30 is connected to the control system signal. The infrared thermal imager 30 identifies the agglomeration or high humidity area through the temperature field distribution.

[0065] Example 4:

[0066] As attached Figure 2 As shown, the difference from Example 3 is that a deformation grading component located above the transmission drum 8 is further provided in the grinding and crushing chamber 4, and the deformation grading component includes an elastic layer 29, which fits the side wall of the grinding and crushing chamber 4. A number of skeletons are fused in the elastic layer 29, and the skeleton is a nickel-titanium memory alloy skeleton. When the transmission drum 8 rotates at high speed, the centrifugal force drives the alloy skeleton to expand outward, increasing the volume of the grinding and crushing chamber 4 occupied by the elastic layer 29, reducing the air flow velocity to extend the sedimentation time of heavy particles; and when the air flow pressure exceeds the limit, the skeleton shrinks inward under the stress, the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity is reduced, and the carrying and separation of lightweight fibers is accelerated.

[0067] In addition, based on the design of the spiral gradient decreasing length of the hammer 13, the gas in the elastic layer 29 will shrink at the front end of the spiral elastic layer 29 (near the outlet of the crushing chamber) to form a high-speed airflow channel, and its rear end will expand to form a low-speed sedimentation zone, forcing the fibers and impurities to be separated, providing an efficient solution for the fine grading of fiber and viscous materials, which is both industrially feasible and economical.

[0068] Example 5:

[0069] As attached Figure 7As shown, the difference from Example 4 is that the control system includes a data acquisition module, a data processing and analysis module, a decision and instruction generation module and an execution control module;

[0070] The data acquisition module is used to detect the radial pressure, crushing resistance torque and vibration spectrum of the hammer 13 using the pressure sensor, torque sensor and vibration sensor respectively, to determine the impact strength and agglomeration risk of the material, reflect the hardness and viscosity of the material, and identify the uniformity of material distribution or dynamic balance deviation;

[0071] The data processing and analysis module is used to extract the pressure peaks from a number of radial pressure data, analyze and determine the material hardness level based on the corresponding crushing resistance torque, and determine the material distribution status through vibration spectrum data;

[0072] The decision-making and instruction generation module is used to judge the current crushing situation according to the material hardness level and material distribution status, and generate a driving signal according to the crushing situation;

[0073] The execution control module is used to receive the driving signal generated by the decision and instruction generation module, and transmit the driving signal to the electric hydraulic cylinder 16 to drive the electric hydraulic cylinder 16 to extend or contract, so as to adjust the distance between the plurality of arc-shaped pieces 12 and the inner wall of the grinding chamber.

[0074] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-efficient feed raw material grinding and crushing device, comprising a crushing box (1), a feeding trough (2) being provided on the top of the crushing box (1), and characterized in that: The feed trough (2) contains a feeding chamber (3), the bottom of which is connected to a grinding chamber (4), a transmission drum (8) being rotatably connected to the grinding chamber (4), and a plurality of grinding assemblies for hammering and grinding the grinding raw materials being slidably connected to the transmission drum (8) along its circumference, a control system being configured in the grinding box (1), and a grinding drive assembly (7) for driving the transmission rotation is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the grinding box (1); A plurality of collecting components are provided in the transmission drum (8), and the collecting components are all connected to the control system signal. A feed drive component is provided in the material passage chamber (3), and the collecting components are used to collect radial pressure, material resistance and vibration data of the plurality of pulverizing components during the pulverizing process. The control system judges the hardness, density and distribution uniformity of the material based on the plurality of data, and transmits a driving signal to control the feed drive component to adjust the flow rate of the material entering the pulverizing box (1); A fixed cylinder (9) is coaxially fixedly connected to the transmission drum (8), and an adjusting crushing assembly for adjusting the crushing efficiency of the crushing assembly according to the material crushing situation is provided in the fixed cylinder (9). A collecting chamber (18) is provided at the bottom of the grinding and crushing chamber (4), and a transmission chamber is provided on one side of the grinding and crushing chamber (4). A transmission assembly fixedly connected to the adjusting crushing assembly is provided in the transmission chamber, and a sieve adjustment assembly for adjusting the screening aperture is fixedly connected in the collecting chamber (18). When the adjusting crushing assembly drives the crushing assembly to move, the transmission assembly transmits the displacement of the driving adjustment assembly to the sieve adjustment assembly, so that the size of the sieve aperture (21) is dynamically adjusted according to the level of the crushing efficiency.

2. The high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of sliding grooves (10) are formed on the circumferential side wall of the fixed cylinder (9), and the crushing components respectively include telescopic connecting rods (11) correspondingly slidingly fitted in the sliding grooves (10). One end of the telescopic connecting rods (11) is located in the fixed cylinder (9), and the other end of the telescopic connecting rods (11) passes through the side wall of the transmission rotating cylinder (8) and is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped piece (12). A plurality of hammer pieces (13) are detachably connected to the surface of the arc-shaped piece (12).

3. The high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lengths of the plurality of hammer pieces (13) decrease gradually along the axial spiral gradient of the transmission drum (8).

4. The high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sound sensor (28) corresponding to the position of the grinding and crushing chamber (4) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the grinding box (1), and the sound sensor (28) is connected to the control system signal. The sound sensor (28) is used to assist in determining the particle size distribution by collecting the sound pattern characteristics of the material crushing; An infrared thermal imager (30) is fixedly connected to a side wall of the feeding chamber (3) away from the feeding plate (5). The infrared thermal imager (30) is connected to a control system signal. The infrared thermal imager (30) is used to identify agglomeration conditions or raw material moisture distribution conditions through temperature field distribution.

5. The high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustable crushing assembly comprises an electric-controlled hydraulic cylinder (16) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transmission cylinder; an adjustable truncated platform (17) is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric-controlled hydraulic cylinder (16); the top circular area of ​​the adjustable truncated platform (17) is smaller than the bottom circular area; and one end of a plurality of telescopic connecting rods (11) located in the fixed cylinder (9) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the adjustable truncated platform (17).

6. The high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A deformation grading component is also provided in the grinding and crushing chamber (4) and is located above the transmission drum (8). The deformation grading component includes an elastic layer (29). The elastic layer (29) is attached to the side wall of the grinding and crushing chamber (4). A plurality of skeletons are fused in the elastic layer (29), and the skeletons are nickel-titanium memory alloy skeletons.

7. The high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The screen adjustment assembly comprises a fixed screen (19) and an adjustment screen (20), wherein both sides of the fixed screen (19) are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the crushing box (1), and the adjustment screen (20) is located outside the fixed screen (19). Both sides of the adjustment screen (20) are slidably connected to both sides of the inner wall of the crushing box (1), and a plurality of sieve holes (21) corresponding to each other are provided on the surfaces of the adjustment screen (20) and the fixed screen (19).

8. The high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission assembly comprises a round rod (22) fixedly connected to the top of the adjusting table (17); one end of the round rod (22) away from the adjusting table (17) penetrates the side wall of the transmission drum (8) and the side wall of the crushing box (1) and extends into the transmission cavity; one end of the round rod (22) away from the adjusting table (17) is rotatably connected to a telescopic adjusting rod (23); an input gear (24) is sleeved on the telescopic adjusting rod (23); an inclined slot is provided on the inner wall of the input gear (24); a slide bar (25) corresponding to the inclined slot is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the telescopic adjusting rod (23); the slide bar (25) is slidably fitted in the inclined slot; a transmission gear (26) is meshed below the input gear (24); an output rack (27) is meshed at the bottom of the transmission gear (26); a connecting block is fixedly connected to the output rack (27) near the side of the adjusting screen (20); the connecting block penetrates the side wall of the collecting chamber (18) and is fixedly connected to the adjusting screen (20).

9. The high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A closed guide plate is provided between the arc-shaped pieces (12). The closed guide plate is elastic, one end of the closed guide plate is connected to the arc-shaped piece (12) via a spring, and the other end of the closed guide plate is hinged to the inner side of the adjacent arc-shaped piece (12).

10. The high-efficiency and energy-saving feed raw material grinding and crushing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The control system includes a data acquisition module, a data processing and analysis module, a decision and instruction generation module, and an execution control module; A data acquisition module is used to detect the radial pressure, crushing resistance torque and vibration spectrum of the hammer (13) according to the pressure sensor, torque sensor and vibration sensor, respectively, to judge the impact strength and agglomeration risk of the material, reflect the hardness and viscosity of the material, and identify the uniformity of material distribution or dynamic balance deviation; The data processing and analysis module is used to extract the pressure peaks from a number of radial pressure data, analyze and determine the material hardness level based on the corresponding crushing resistance torque, and determine the material distribution status through vibration spectrum data; The decision-making and instruction generation module is used to judge the current crushing situation according to the material hardness level and material distribution status, and to adjust the feed flow and crushing efficiency according to the crushing situation to generate a driving signal; The execution control module is used to receive the driving signal generated by the decision and instruction generation module, transmit the driving signal to the electric hydraulic cylinder (16) to drive the electric hydraulic cylinder (16) to extend or contract, so as to adjust the distance between the plurality of arc-shaped pieces (12) and the inner wall of the crushing and grinding chamber, and transmit the driving signal to the feed adjustment component to adjust the inclination of the raw material entering the crushing and grinding chamber, so as to adjust the flow rate of the raw material.

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