Underground coal bunker unblocking system

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground coal bunker unblocking system. The underground coal bunker unblocking system comprises a spiral conveying drill rod, a drill rod driving device, an intelligent monitoring module and a control module, the drill rod is arranged on the inner wall of a coal bunker, the gap between the outer edge of a drill rod blade and the inner wall of the coal bunker is smaller than 10 mm, and the drill rod driving device is connected with the drill rod to drive the drill rod to rotate. The intelligent monitoring module integrates a pressure sensor array, an infrared coal flow detector and an image recognition camera and is used for monitoring the blocking state in a coal bunker in real time, and the control module dynamically adjusts the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the spiral conveying drill rod according to monitoring data. According to the underground coal bunker unblocking system, through the collaborative design of spiral drill rod structure optimization, anti-explosion power driving, a multi-mode sensing network and intelligent decision control, the unblocking efficiency of the coal bunker and the safety of unblocking operation are improved, the monitoring means are comprehensive, the blocking state can be accurately judged in real time, control response is timely, and the unblocking efficiency of the coal bunker is improved. And complex working conditions can be adapted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering, and in particular to an underground coal bunker blockage clearing system. Background Art

[0002] Coal bunkers in underground coal mines are key hubs in the coal transportation system, but their bottom closing sections often become clogged. For example, coal quality issues: coal powder with high humidity (>15%) tends to clump together, and if the coal contains clay minerals (such as montmorillonite), the viscosity is further exacerbated; large lumps of coal (>200mm) get stuck in the narrow closing section when falling, blocking the coal flow; and structural defects in the bunker walls. Long-term use causes the walls to wear and deform, forming bulges or depressions, which change the trajectory of the coal flow and cause abnormal accumulation. Manual dredging is often used to deal with coal bunker blockages. Manual dredging with steel chisels is inefficient and highly dangerous, and can easily cause casualties due to sudden coal collapse. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0004] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes an underground coal bunker blockage clearing system to improve the reliability and safety of the operation of the underground coal bunker in a coal mine.

[0005] The underground coal bunker blockage clearing system according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0006] A spiral conveying drill rod is arranged on the inner wall of the closing section at the bottom of the coal bunker, and the gap between the outer edge of the blade of the spiral conveying drill rod and the inner wall of the coal bunker is less than 10mm;

[0007] A drill rod driving device, comprising an explosion-proof motor and a reducer, wherein the explosion-proof motor and the reducer are connected to the screw conveying drill rod through a flange to drive the screw conveying drill rod to rotate;

[0008] An intelligent monitoring module, which integrates a pressure sensor array, an infrared coal flow detector, and an image recognition camera, and is used to monitor the blockage status inside the coal bunker in real time;

[0009] A control module dynamically adjusts the rotation speed and rotation direction of the spiral conveying drill rod according to monitoring data, and interacts with the ground monitoring center through a wireless communication unit.

[0010] The underground coal bunker blockage clearing system of the embodiment of the present invention improves the coal bunker dredging efficiency and the safety of dredging operations through the coordinated design of spiral drill rod structure optimization, explosion-proof power drive, multimodal sensing network and intelligent decision-making control. It has comprehensive monitoring means, can accurately judge the blockage status in real time, and has timely control response and can adapt to complex working conditions.

[0011] In some embodiments, the spiral blades of the spiral conveying drill pipe adopt a variable pitch structure, with the pitch close to the center line of the coal bunker being 50-80 mm and the pitch away from the center line of the coal bunker being 30-50 mm, and the blade surface is coated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant coating.

[0012] In some embodiments, the drill rod driving device adopts a dual-motor redundant structure, including a main motor and a backup motor. When the current value of the main motor exceeds a set threshold, it automatically switches to the backup motor and rotates in the reverse direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, the control module has a built-in blockage risk prediction model, which generates a blockage warning in advance by analyzing the historical coal flow velocity and drill pipe torque change rate, and automatically starts a preventive unblocking procedure.

[0014] In some embodiments, the intelligent monitoring module further has a data fusion unit, which inputs pressure, humidity, and mineral content data into the blockage risk prediction model, and the calculation formula is: risk index = 0.4×humidity coefficient + 0.3×mineral bonding coefficient + 0.3×pressure gradient.

[0015] In some embodiments, the congestion risk prediction model is generated through training of historical congestion event data, and the weight coefficient is automatically updated every 24 hours, with an update error rate of <±5%.

[0016] In some embodiments, an anti-sticking agent spraying device is further included, and the anti-sticking agent spraying device is arranged at the entrance of the coal bunker. The anti-sticking agent spraying device is connected to the control module so that the control module dynamically selects the anti-sticking agent type and calculates the spraying dosage according to the humidity detection data and the mineral content analysis results. The calculation formula is: dosage Q = K1×humidity H+K2×clay content C, where K1 = 0.8-1.2L / (%·min), K2 = 1.5-2.0L / (%·min).

[0017] In some embodiments, the anti-sticking agent spraying device includes at least three independent liquid storage tanks and a rotatable nozzle array, the three liquid storage tanks respectively store nano-hydrophobic particle suspension, composite anti-caking agent and alkaline cleaning agent, and the nozzle array is arranged circumferentially around the coal bunker entrance.

[0018] In some embodiments, the liquid storage tank is provided with a heating and heat-insulating layer, and the temperature control logic of the liquid storage tank includes:

[0019] When the ambient temperature is less than 10°C, the nano-scale hydrophobic particle suspension is heated to 25±2°C;

[0020] When the clay content C is greater than 12%, the composite anti-caking agent is heated to 40±5°C.

[0021] In some embodiments, the control module executing the release agent type matching strategy includes:

[0022] When the montmorillonite content in the mineral is detected to be greater than 60% and the humidity H is greater than 18%, a composite anti-caking agent and an alkaline cleaning agent are mixed and sprayed in a ratio of 3:1;

[0023] When it is detected that the pulverized coal particle size in the coal flow is less than 3mm and the proportion is greater than 40%, the nano-scale hydrophobic particle suspension is preferentially activated and the injection dose is increased by 20-30%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an underground coal bunker blockage clearing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Reference numerals:

[0026] 10-coal bunker,

[0027] 1-Spiral conveying drill rod, 2-Drill rod driving device, 3-Intelligent monitoring module, 4-Control module, 5-Anti-adhesive spraying device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0029] The following describes an underground coal bunker blockage clearing system according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the underground coal bunker blockage clearing system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a spiral conveying drill rod 1, a drill rod driving device 2, an intelligent monitoring module 3 and a control module 4.

[0031] The spiral conveying drill rod 1 is installed on the inner wall of the bottom closing section of the coal bunker 10. The gap between the outer edge of the blade of the spiral conveying drill rod 1 and the inner wall of the coal bunker 10 is less than 10mm. The tiny gap (less than 10mm) can not only prevent coal blocks from getting stuck in the gap and causing secondary blockage, but also form a forced conveying channel through the close fit between the spiral blades and the bunker wall, ensuring the continuous fall of the coal flow. The gap control avoids direct friction between the blades and the bunker wall, extending the life of the equipment. In view of the geometric limitations of the bottom closing section of the coal bunker 10, the spiral structure can maximize the use of limited space to improve dredging efficiency.

[0032] The drill pipe drive unit 2 consists of an explosion-proof motor and a reducer, which are connected to the auger drill pipe 1 via a flange to drive its rotation. The explosion-proof motor meets the explosion-proof requirements of underground coal mine gas environments, preventing explosions caused by electric sparks. The reducer matches the high torque requirements of the auger drill pipe, ensuring reliable drive even when blocked by large coal lumps. The flange connection facilitates quick assembly and disassembly for maintenance, reducing the complexity of underground operations.

[0033] The intelligent monitoring module 3 integrates a pressure sensor array, an infrared coal flow detector, and an image recognition camera. The intelligent monitoring module 3 is used to monitor the blockage status inside the coal bunker 10 in real time. The pressure sensor monitors the pressure gradient at different heights within the coal bunker 10 and identifies local accumulation (a sudden pressure change >10kPa is considered a blockage). The infrared detector determines the area of ​​stagnant coal flow by changes in coal flow temperature (resolution 0.1°C). Image recognition uses a camera to capture the location of large coal pieces (>200mm) and the shape of the cohesive coal body. For example, four groups of pressure sensors (range 0-50kPa) are arranged longitudinally on the inner wall of the coal bunker 10, an infrared thermal imager is installed on the top, and a camera is embedded in the side wall.

[0034] Control module 4 dynamically adjusts the speed and direction of the spiral drill pipe 1 based on monitoring data and interacts with the ground monitoring center via a wireless communication unit. The speed automatically switches (adjustable from 20 to 60 rpm) depending on the degree of blockage, using low speed for energy conservation in mild blockages and high speed for enhanced unblocking in severe ones. In the event of a stubborn blockage, the drill pipe automatically reverses (rotating in the opposite direction for 3-5 revolutions) to loosen the coal using reverse torque. Real-time status data from the coal bunker 10 (such as pressure distribution and blockage location coordinates) is uploaded via a wireless communication unit (supporting 4G / LoRa dual-mode), allowing ground personnel to remotely intervene in the control strategy.

[0035] The underground coal bunker blockage clearing system of the embodiment of the present invention improves the dredging efficiency and safety of the coal bunker 10 through the coordinated design of spiral drill rod structure optimization, explosion-proof power drive, multimodal sensing network and intelligent decision-making control. It has comprehensive monitoring means, can accurately judge the blockage status in real time, and has timely control response and can adapt to complex working conditions.

[0036] In some embodiments, the spiral blades of the spiral conveying drill rod 1 adopt a variable pitch structure, the pitch close to the center line of the coal bin 10 is 50-80 mm, and the pitch away from the center line of the coal bin 10 is 30-50 mm, and the blade surface is coated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant coating.

[0037] It's understandable that a larger pitch in the center (e.g., 60mm) reduces the spiral blades' resistance to coal flow, increasing the falling speed of large coal lumps and preventing the formation of a "coal arch" in the center. A smaller pitch at the edges (e.g., 40mm) increases the frequency of contact between the blades and the coal, enhancing the shear force on sticky pulverized coal and preventing it from adhering to the silo walls.

[0038] Therefore, by changing the pitch gradient, the difference in coal flow velocity between the center and the edge is balanced, the coal flow stratification phenomenon is reduced, and the overall transportation efficiency is improved by 25-40%.

[0039] Optionally, a tungsten carbide wear-resistant coating with a thickness of ≥0.3mm and a hardness of ≥1500 HV is available. This coating offers 3-5 times greater wear resistance than ordinary alloy steel and can withstand long-term friction from coal gangue (hardness 4-5 on the Mohs scale). This coating reduces blade wear and deformation, ensuring the clearance between the blade edge and the silo wall remains within the design requirement of less than 10mm, thus preventing secondary blockage caused by increased clearance due to wear.

[0040] In some embodiments, the drill rod driving device 2 adopts a dual-motor redundant structure, including a main motor and a backup motor. When the current value of the main motor exceeds a set threshold, it automatically switches to the backup motor and rotates in the reverse direction.

[0041] It is understandable that when the main motor shuts down due to overload (such as a large lump of coal getting stuck, causing a surge in current) or fault, the backup motor can seamlessly take over the driving task within 0.5 seconds, avoiding production interruption (traditional single-motor system shutdown and maintenance takes ≥ 2 hours). The current threshold is set to 120% of the rated value (for example, the main motor rated current is 20A, and the threshold is 24A) to prevent motor burnout and extend equipment life. In high-load scenarios with sticky coal or large lumps of coal blocking, the total power reserve of the dual motors is increased to 150% (for example, 7.5kW main motor + 5.5kW backup motor), ensuring driving force redundancy under extreme working conditions.

[0042] Reverse rotation (30-50 rpm) generates torque in the opposite direction of the blockage, using mechanical vibration to destroy the coal body's bonding structure, improving dredging efficiency by 40-60%. During reverse rotation, the contact surface between the drill pipe blade and the coal body switches, avoiding blade deformation or damage to the silo wall caused by continuous friction at the same position. The reverse rotation duration intelligently matches the degree of blockage. For example: Mild blockage (current exceeds the threshold value <10%): reverse rotation is resumed after 3-5 turns; severe blockage (current exceeds the threshold value >20%): continuous reverse rotation for 30 seconds and triggering high-pressure air curtain assistance.

[0043] The switching is triggered by combining the slope of the motor current curve (di / dt) and the absolute value of the motor current, preventing false operation (such as transient current fluctuations). Both motors are highly explosion-proof, and the switching process is spark-free. Alternating the two motors evens out wear and extends the life of the entire drive unit.

[0044] In some embodiments, the control module 4 has a built-in blockage risk prediction model, which generates a blockage warning in advance by analyzing the historical coal flow velocity and drill pipe torque change rate, and automatically starts a preventive unblocking procedure (such as speed reduction, pre-crushing, and anti-sticking agent spraying).

[0045] By analyzing historical coal flow velocities (e.g., a velocity standard deviation greater than 0.5 m / s is considered abnormal), blockage trends can be identified 30-60 minutes in advance, increasing response time by 80% compared to traditional post-processing methods. Preventive unblocking procedures (e.g., reducing the drill pipe speed to 20 rpm and activating a high-pressure air curtain) can reduce the probability of complete blockage by 50-70%.

[0046] The overload risk is predicted based on the torque change rate (such as ΔT / Δt>10N·m / s), the load is reduced in advance, and drill pipe breakage is avoided (the measured drill pipe failure rate has dropped by 65%). The energy consumption of preventive dredging is only 30-40% of that of emergency dredging.

[0047] Optionally, the intelligent monitoring module 3 also includes a data fusion unit that feeds pressure, humidity, and mineral content data into a blockage risk prediction model. The calculation formula is: Risk Index = 0.4 × Humidity Factor + 0.3 × Mineral Cohesion Factor + 0.3 × Pressure Gradient. Multi-parameter cross-validation reduces the false alarm rate from 25% in traditional single-parameter models to below 8%.

[0048] Multi-factor coupling analysis: The humidity coefficient (H / 20, where H is the real-time humidity in %) quantifies coal viscosity; the mineral bonding coefficient (clay mineral content / 15) reflects the agglomeration tendency; the pressure gradient (ΔP / Δh, in kPa / m) locates the accumulation area; and the formula weight distribution reflects the patterns of measured data in coal mines (the humidity influence accounts for 40%, which matches the operating condition where sticky coal dominates the blockage).

[0049] Accurate graded warning: 0.3-0.5 (yellow warning), start the drill pipe low-speed inspection mode (15rpm); 0.5-0.7 (orange warning), trigger the anti-sticking agent spraying (dose Q = 1.2H + 1.8CL / min); >0.7 (red warning), full-speed dredging + transportation speed reduction.

[0050] Furthermore, the congestion risk prediction model is generated through training with historical congestion event data, and the weight coefficient is automatically updated every 24 hours, with an update error rate of <±5%.

[0051] Model weights (e.g., the humidity coefficient dynamically adjusts from 0.4 to 0.38-0.42) are automatically adjusted to seasonal humidity changes and coal seam replacement, maintaining a consistently high prediction accuracy of over 92%. Updated error rate constraints (<±5%) prevent overfitting and ensure generalization.

[0052] Every congestion event (regardless of whether it was a successful warning) serves as training data input, forming a closed loop of "data collection - model update - effect verification." This system supports incremental learning, with model updates taking less than 3 minutes and requiring no downtime.

[0053] In some embodiments, as Figure 1As shown, the system also includes an anti-sticking agent spraying device 5, which is provided at the entrance of the coal bunker 10. The anti-sticking agent spraying device 5 is connected to the control module 4 so that the control module 4 dynamically selects the anti-sticking agent type and calculates the spraying dosage according to the humidity detection data and the mineral content analysis results. The calculation formula is: dosage Q = K1 × humidity H + K2 × clay content C, where K1 = 0.8-1.2 L / (%·min), K2 = 1.5-2.0 L / (%·min).

[0054] Humidity data can be acquired using a dynamic humidity detection module, installed 1-2 meters above the entrance to the coal bunker 10. This module includes a microwave humidity sensor and an infrared thermal imager, which monitor the surface humidity and humidity distribution gradient of the coal stream in real time. Mineral content analysis results can be acquired using a coal stream composition analysis module, which integrates an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and a near-infrared spectrometer to analyze the clay mineral content and particle size distribution of the coal online.

[0055] The formula quantifies the weight of humidity and clay on clogging (humidity accounts for about 35-50%, clay accounts for 50-65%), for example:

[0056] When H = 20%, C = 10%, Q = 1.0 × 20 + 1.8 × 10 = 38 L / min;

[0057] When H=15% and C=15%, Q=0.9×15+1.7×15=39 L / min.

[0058] Compared with traditional fixed-dose spraying (such as a constant 50L / min), the agent consumption is reduced by 30-40%. Actual measurements show that the bonding rate of sticky coal (humidity > 18%) is reduced from 25% in traditional methods to below 8%.

[0059] Optionally, the anti-sticking agent spraying device 5 includes at least three independent liquid storage tanks and a rotatable nozzle array. The three liquid storage tanks respectively store a nano-scale hydrophobic particle suspension (to reduce surface viscosity), a composite anti-caking agent (to decompose clay minerals) and an alkaline cleaning agent (to neutralize acidic adhesion). The nozzle array is arranged circumferentially around the entrance of the coal bunker 10.

[0060] Type of medicine Usage scenarios Effect comparison (with traditional single agent) Nanohydrophobic particles Pulverized coal (particle size <3mm) Adhesion inhibition rate increased by 50% Composite anti-caking agent High clay minerals (such as montmorillonite) 70% reduction in agglomerate strength Alkaline cleaning agent Acidic coal (pH <5) Neutralization efficiency reaches 90%

[0061] Furthermore, the liquid storage tank is provided with a heating and heat-insulating layer, and the temperature control logic of the liquid storage tank includes:

[0062] When the ambient temperature is less than 10°C, heat the nano-hydrophobic particle suspension to 25±2°C. The viscosity of the nano-hydrophobic agent at 25°C drops from 120mPa·s to 35mPa·s (fluidity increases 3.4 times), preventing nozzle clogging due to low temperatures.

[0063] When the clay content C is greater than 12%, the composite anti-caking agent is heated to 40±5°C. The chemical reaction rate of the composite anti-caking agent at 40°C increases to 2-3 times that of room temperature, and the decomposition efficiency of montmorillonite reaches 85%.

[0064] Therefore, in a -15°C mine environment, the system can still operate stably, and the uniformity error of the agent spraying is less than 5%.

[0065] The control module 4 executes the anti-sticking agent type matching strategy including:

[0066] When it is detected that the content of montmorillonite in the mineral is greater than 60% and the humidity H is greater than 18%, a composite anti-caking agent and an alkaline cleaning agent are selected and sprayed in a ratio of 3:1. The synergistic effect of the mixed agent (composite agent + alkaline) reduces the adhesion of the coal by 60%.

[0067] When the pulverized coal (PF) particle size is less than 3mm and its proportion exceeds 40% in the coal stream, a nano-hydrophobic particle suspension is preferentially used, with the injection dosage increased by 20-30%. Increasing the nano-hydrophobic agent dosage forms a dense hydrophobic film, improving the PF's fluidity by 45%.

[0068] Therefore, through precise pesticide application algorithms, multi-agent coordination, environmental adaptive control and intelligent decision-making strategies, an integrated "prevention-suppression-removal" solution for preventing blockage in underground coal bunkers in coal mines was constructed, effectively overcoming the problems of agent waste, poor adaptability to working conditions and high dependence on manual labor.

[0069] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0070] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0071] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0072] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0073] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0074] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An underground coal bunker clearing system, characterized in that: include: A spiral conveying drill rod is arranged on the inner wall of the closing section at the bottom of the coal bunker, and the gap between the outer edge of the blade of the spiral conveying drill rod and the inner wall of the coal bunker is less than 10mm; A drill rod driving device, comprising an explosion-proof motor and a reducer, wherein the explosion-proof motor and the reducer are connected to the screw conveying drill rod through a flange to drive the screw conveying drill rod to rotate; An intelligent monitoring module, which integrates a pressure sensor array, an infrared coal flow detector, and an image recognition camera, and is used to monitor the blockage status inside the coal bunker in real time; A control module dynamically adjusts the rotation speed and rotation direction of the spiral conveying drill rod according to monitoring data, and interacts with the ground monitoring center through a wireless communication unit.

2. The underground coal bunker blockage clearing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral blades of the spiral conveying drill rod adopt a variable pitch structure, with a pitch of 50-80mm close to the center line of the coal bunker and a pitch of 30-50mm away from the center line of the coal bunker, and the blade surface is coated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant coating.

3. The underground coal bunker blockage clearing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drill rod driving device adopts a dual-motor redundant structure, including a main motor and a backup motor. When the current value of the main motor exceeds a set threshold, it automatically switches to the backup motor and rotates in the reverse direction.

4. The underground coal bunker blockage clearing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module has a built-in blockage risk prediction model, which generates a blockage warning in advance by analyzing the historical coal flow velocity and drill pipe torque change rate, and automatically starts a preventive unblocking program.

5. The underground coal bunker blockage clearing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The intelligent monitoring module also has a data fusion unit, which inputs pressure, humidity, and mineral content data into the blockage risk prediction model. The calculation formula is: risk index = 0.4×humidity coefficient + 0.3×mineral bonding coefficient + 0.3×pressure gradient.

6. The underground coal bunker blockage clearing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The congestion risk prediction model is generated through training of historical congestion event data, and the weight coefficient is automatically updated every 24 hours, with an update error rate of <±5%.

7. The underground coal bunker blockage clearing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an anti-sticking agent spraying device, which is arranged at the entrance of the coal bunker. The anti-sticking agent spraying device is connected to the control module so that the control module dynamically selects the anti-sticking agent type and calculates the spraying dosage according to the humidity detection data and the mineral content analysis results. The calculation formula is: dosage Q = K1×humidity H+K2×clay content C, where K1 = 0.8-1.2L / (%·min), K2 = 1.5-2.0L / (%·min).

8. The underground coal bunker blockage clearing system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The anti-sticking agent spraying device includes at least three independent liquid storage tanks and a rotatable nozzle array. The three liquid storage tanks respectively store nano-scale hydrophobic particle suspension, composite anti-caking agent and alkaline cleaning agent. The nozzle array is arranged circumferentially around the coal bunker entrance.

9. The underground coal bunker blockage clearing system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The liquid storage tank is provided with a heating and heat-insulating layer, and the temperature control logic of the liquid storage tank includes: When the ambient temperature is less than 10°C, the nano-scale hydrophobic particle suspension is heated to 25±2°C; When the clay content C is greater than 12%, the composite anti-caking agent is heated to 40±5°C.

10. The underground coal bunker blockage clearing system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control module executes the anti-sticking agent type matching strategy including: When the montmorillonite content in the mineral is detected to be greater than 60% and the humidity H is greater than 18%, a composite anti-caking agent and an alkaline cleaning agent are mixed and sprayed in a ratio of 3:1; When it is detected that the pulverized coal particle size in the coal flow is less than 3mm and the proportion is greater than 40%, the nano-scale hydrophobic particle suspension is preferentially activated and the injection dose is increased by 20-30%.

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