Drought-resistant and water-saving material for planting on two sides of desert, land, road and railway as well as processing method and application thereof

Abstract

A drought-resistant water-saving material for planting on two sides of deserts, lands, roads and railways belongs to the field of drought-resistant water-saving materials, is prepared by processing aeolian sand and pine oil products, the raw materials are all from the nature, the processing method is simple, and the drought-resistant water-saving material has waterproof, anti-seepage and breathable functions, controls sand with sand, does not pollute the deserts and the lands, can be repeatedly used, resists drought and saves water, and turns waste into wealth. And the method can be used for planting in desert reservoir building, reservoir building for fish culture, wind prevention and sand fixation on two sides of land and roads, and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of water-saving materials, and specifically belongs to drought-resistant and water-saving materials for planting. Background Art

[0002] Currently, most of the hydrophobic materials for windbreak and sand fixation on the market are made of chemical raw materials. When used to control deserts and land, they will more or less pollute the deserts and land. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an environmentally friendly, drought-resistant and water-saving material for the purpose of desert control. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the need for windbreak and sand fixation, the present invention provides a drought-resistant and water-saving material for planting in deserts, on land, along roads, and along railway lines. The material is composed of natural materials and, through scientific processing, mixing, heating, cooling, and air-drying, is ultimately produced. It exhibits excellent hydrophobicity, is breathable, non-toxic, harmless, and pollution-free, and is reusable, saving resources.

[0004] The drought-resistant and water-saving material provided by the invention is used for planting in deserts, land, roads and railway sides and is processed from aeolian sand and pine oil products.

[0005] Furthermore, the pine oil product is rosin, which is used as drought-resistant and water-saving material for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways.

[0006] Furthermore, the drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways has a weight ratio of aeolian sand to rosin of 1000:(5-25).

[0007] Furthermore, the drought-resistant and water-saving materials are used for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways. The drought-resistant and water-saving materials are densely packed and have a pore size of less than 100 microns.

[0008] The present invention also provides a processing method for drought-resistant and water-saving materials for planting on deserts, land, roads and railways, comprising the following steps: washing and drying aeolian sand, adding it to a pine oil product heated and melted at 110°C-160°C, mixing evenly to form coated sand, and cooling it to room temperature to obtain drought-resistant and water-saving materials for planting on deserts, land, roads and railways.

[0009] The present invention also provides an application of the aforementioned drought-resistant and water-saving material for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways in the planting of drought-resistant plants.

[0010] The present invention also provides an application of the aforementioned drought-resistant and water-saving material for planting on deserts, land, roads and both sides of railways in the management of saline-alkali land.

[0011] The principle of drought-resistant and water-saving materials used for planting in deserts, land, roads and on both sides of railways is to prevent water from penetrating through the sheet through natural water materials. The width of the molecular gap of the water material is about a few nanometers. Water in nature is usually in an associated state. Dozens of water molecules form a larger water molecule cluster due to the action of hydrogen bonds. It cannot pass through the gaps between natural hydrophobic materials, but gas can pass through.

[0012] The hydrophobic materials on the market are all made of chemical materials. If used to control deserts, they will pollute the land, so a pure natural and pollution-free material is needed to replace them. After three years of continuous screening and experiments on various natural materials, the present invention finally developed pine oil as a hydrophobic material, which is used to wrap desert aeolian sand to form coated sand with a dense pile pore size of less than 100 microns. A new type of hydrophobic material is formed, which is both drought-resistant and water-saving material and has achieved the effect of being breathable and impermeable. The drought-resistant and water-saving material is used to plant plants such as poplars and red willows on both sides of roads and railways, which has a wind-proof and sand-fixing effect. It can also be used to grow other plants and crops in the desert. Compared with other chemical water materials: the drought-resistant and water-saving material is pure natural pine oil and desert aeolian sand, which does not pollute the desert and has a simple processing procedure. Other chemical raw materials used to control sand will pollute the desert, the raw material prices are high, and the processing procedures are complicated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a SEM scanning electron microscope image of the surface of the drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways made by the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0014] Figure 2 SEM scanning electron microscope image of the surface of the drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways made by the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a SEM scanning electron microscope image of the surface of the drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways made by the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a SEM scanning electron microscope image of the surface of the drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways made by the present invention. Figure 4 ;

[0017] Figure 5 SEM scanning electron microscope image of the surface of the drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways made by the present invention Figure 5 ;

[0018] Figure 6SEM scanning electron microscope image of the surface of the drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways made by the present invention Figure 6 ;

[0019] Figure 7 Types and proportions of elements present in the samples of drought-resistant and water-saving materials for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways prepared by the present invention Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 8 Types and proportions of elements present in the samples of drought-resistant and water-saving materials for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways prepared by the present invention Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 9 Types and proportions of elements present in the samples of drought-resistant and water-saving materials for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways prepared by the present invention Figure 3 .

[0022] Figure 10 This is a surface diagram of a sample of drought-resistant and water-saving materials made by the present invention for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways.

[0023] Figure 11 The figure shows the distribution of various elements in the samples of drought-resistant and water-saving materials prepared by the present invention for planting in deserts, land, roads and along railways.

[0024] Figure 12 This is a graph showing the adsorption and desorption curves of samples of the drought-resistant and water-saving materials used for planting in deserts, land, roads, and along railways.

[0025] Figure 13 This is the XRD test diagram of a sample of the drought-resistant and water-saving material made by the present invention for planting in deserts, land, roads and on both sides of railways. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The aeolian sand and pine oil products used in the present invention are both commercially available or collected from nature. The unit of weight ratio in the experiment is g.

[0027] Example 1:

[0028] The drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting in deserts, land, roads and on both sides of railways is made from aeolian sand and pine oil products. The pine oil products are rosin. The processing method is as follows: the aeolian sand and rosin are in a weight ratio of 1000:5. The aeolian sand is washed and dried, and then added to the pine oil melted at 160°C. The mixture is evenly mixed to form a coated sand. After cooling to room temperature, the drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting in deserts, land, roads and on both sides of railways is obtained. The material is densely stacked and the pore size is less than 100 microns. After testing, it has achieved the effect of being breathable and waterproof.

[0029] Example 2:

[0030] The drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting on deserts, land, roads and both sides of railways is made from aeolian sand and pine oil products. The pine oil products are rosin. The processing method is: the aeolian sand and rosin are in a weight ratio of 1000:10. The aeolian sand is washed and dried, and then added to the pine oil melted at 110°C. The mixture is evenly mixed to form a coated sand. After cooling to room temperature, the drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting on deserts, land, roads and both sides of railways is obtained. The material is densely stacked and the pore size is less than 100 microns. After testing, it has achieved the effect of being breathable and waterproof.

[0031] Example 3:

[0032] The drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting in deserts, land, roads and on both sides of railways is made from aeolian sand and pine oil products. The pine oil products are rosin. The processing method is as follows: the aeolian sand and rosin are mixed in a weight ratio of 1000:15. The aeolian sand is washed and dried, and then added to the pine oil melted at 150°C. The mixture is evenly mixed to form a coated sand. After cooling to room temperature, the drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting in deserts, land, roads and on both sides of railways is obtained. The material is densely stacked and the pore size is less than 100 microns. After testing, it has achieved the effect of being breathable and waterproof.

[0033] Example 4:

[0034] The drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways is made from aeolian sand and pine oil products. The pine oil products are rosin. The processing method is as follows: the aeolian sand and rosin are mixed in a weight ratio of 1000:20. The aeolian sand is washed and dried, and then added to the pine oil melted at 140°C. The mixture is evenly mixed to form a composite sand. After cooling to room temperature, the drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways is obtained. The material is densely stacked and the pore size is less than 100 microns. After testing, it has achieved the effect of being breathable and waterproof.

[0035] Example 5:

[0036] The drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting in deserts, land, roads and on both sides of railways is made from aeolian sand and pine oil products. The pine oil products are rosin. The processing method is as follows: the aeolian sand and rosin are in a weight ratio of 1000:25. The aeolian sand is washed and dried, and then added to the pine oil melted at 130°C. The mixture is evenly mixed to form a coated sand. After cooling to room temperature, the drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting in deserts, land, roads and on both sides of railways is obtained. The material is densely stacked and the pore size is less than 100 microns. After testing, it has achieved the effect of being breathable and waterproof.

[0037] The present invention selected aeolian sand and rosin from Alxa League, Inner Mongolia for experiments, and selected three different locations on the sample for scanning. After experimental testing, the test result diagram is shown in the accompanying figure of the specification, indicating that the drought-resistant and water-saving material for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways made according to the above method has a pore size of less than 100 microns, and various elements are evenly distributed on the sample surface, with a relatively uniform structure, achieving the effect of being breathable and waterproof.

[0038] Instructions attached Figure 1-6 The SEM (scanning electron microscope, SEM) electron microscope scanning images are as follows:

[0039] Under the conditions of an accelerating voltage of 5.0 kV and a working distance of 8.0 mm, the sample was magnified 200 times, and large block structures were observed with an average particle size range of 100-200 μm.

[0040] Under the conditions of accelerating voltage 5.0kV and working distance 8.0mm, a block in the sample was magnified to 1000 times, and the surface was rough with small particles and some small fragments.

[0041] Under the conditions of accelerating voltage 5.0kV and working distance 8.0mm, when the sample is magnified to 2000 times, some depressions and a large number of fragments can be observed on the surface.

[0042] Under the conditions of accelerating voltage 5.0kV and working distance 8.0mm, a partial magnification of the sample to 5000 times can be observed, and its surface is rough, with a large number of particles and many edges and corners.

[0043] Under the condition of accelerating voltage of 5.0kV and working distance of 8.0mm, in order to further observe its surface details, the sample was magnified to 10,000 times, and tiny depressions were observed.

[0044] At an accelerating voltage of 5.0 kV and a working distance of 8.0 mm, when the sample is magnified 20,000 times, it can be observed that large areas of the surface are flat, similar to a lamellar structure, with a few small holes.

[0045] Instructions attached Figure 7-9 In order to scan three different places on the sample, the types and proportions of elements present in the sample are shown in the corresponding tables in Tables 1-3.

[0046] Table 1 Processing options: All elements analyzed (normalized

[0047] Spectrum In state C 0 Na Mg Al Si K Ca Fe Overall spectrum Figure 1 yes 36.25 36.48 0.05 0.18 0.73 25.76 0.11 0.09 0.35 100.00 spectrum Figure 2 yes 37.45 38.39 0.19 0.38 4.82 13.44 4.43 0.16 0.72 100.00 spectrum Figure 3 yes 59.96 22.73 0.09 0.52 1.78 13.14 0.46 0.24 1.07 100.00 average 44.56 32.54 0.11 0.36 2.45 17.45 1.67 0.16 0.71 100.00 Standard Deviation 13.36 8.54 0.07 0.17 2.13 7.20 2.40 0.08 0.36 maximum 59.96 38.39 0.19 0.52 4.82 25.76 4.43 0.24 1.07 Minimum 36.25 22.73 0.05 0.18 0.73 13.14 0.11 0.09 0.35

[0048] All results shown in weight percent

[0049] Table 2

[0050] Processing options: All elements analyzed (normalized

[0051] Spectrum In state c o Na Mg Al Si K Ca Fe Overall spectrum Figure 11 yes 36.25 36.48 0.05 0.18 0.73 25.76 0.11 0.09 0.35 100.00 spectrum Figure 2 yes 37.45 38.39 0.19 0.38 4.82 13.44 4.43 0.16 0.72 100.00 spectrum Figure 3 yes 59.96 22.73 0.09 0.52 1.78 13.14 0.46 0.24 1.07 100.00 average 44.56 32.54 0.11 0.36 2.45 17.45 1.67 0.16 0.71 100.00 Standard Deviation 13.36 8.54 0.07 0.17 2.13 7.20 2.40 0.08 0.36 maximum 59.96 38.39 0.19 0.52 4.82 25.76 4.43 0.24 1.07 Minimum 36.25 22.73 0.05 0.18 0.73 13.14 0.11 0.09 0.35

[0052] All results shown in weight percent

[0053] Table 3 Processing options: All elements analyzed (normalized)

[0054] Spectrum In state C 0 Na Mg Al Si K Ca Fe Overall spectrum Figure 1 yes 36.25 36.48 0.05 0.18 0.73 25.76 0.11 0.09 0.35 100.00 spectrum Figure 2 yes 37.45 38.39 0.19 0.38 4.82 13.44 4.43 0.16 0.72 100.00 spectrum Figure 3 yes 59.96 22.73 0.09 0.52 1.78 13.14 0.46 0.24 1.07 100.00 average 44.56 32.54 0.11 0.36 2.45 17.45 1.67 0.16 0.71 100.00 Standard Deviation 13.36 8.54 0.07 0.17 2.13 7.20 2.40 0.08 0.36 maximum 59.96 38.39 0.19 0.52 4.82 25.76 4.43 0.24 1.07 Minimum 36.25 22-73 0.05 0.18 0.73 13-14 0-11 0-09 0-35

[0055] All results shown in weight percent

[0056] As the instruction manual Figure 11 As shown in the figure, the elements from left to right and from top to bottom are Al, C, Fe, Ga, K, Mg, Na, O and Si.

[0057] As the instruction manual Figure 12 The adsorption-desorption curve shows that the isothermal adsorption curve of the material has an obvious hysteresis loop, indicating that the material is a typical type IV isotherm.

[0058] Pore ​​size distribution description: The pore size of the material is concentrated at 30nm, with a small amount of micropores and a large number of mesopores.

[0059] According to the BET test, the specific surface area of ​​the drought-resistant and water-saving planting material sample prepared by the present invention is 82m 2 / g.

[0060] Determined by the BJH method, the average adsorption pore width (4V / A by BET) of the sample is 13.21926nm; the BJH adsorption average pore diameter (4V / A) is 17.4174nm; and the BJH desorption average pore diameter (4V / A) is 8.2196nm.

[0061] Reference Manual Figure 13 As shown, according to the XRD test results, the main mineral components of the test sample are silicon dioxide (SiO2) and potassium feldspar (K(AlSi3O8)).

[0062] The present invention also selects aeolian sand and rosin from Qiemo County in southern Xinjiang and Junggar Basin in northern Xinjiang and uses the above method to make drought-resistant and water-saving materials for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways. Experimental tests have also achieved the effect of being breathable and waterproof.

[0063] Example 6

[0064] The drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting on deserts, land, roads and railways is used for saline-alkali land management. It is processed from aeolian sand and pine oil products. The pine oil products are rosin. The processing method is as follows: the aeolian sand and rosin are mixed in a weight ratio of 1000:25. The aeolian sand is washed and dried, and then added to pine oil melted at 130°C. The mixture is evenly mixed to form a coated sand. After cooling to room temperature, the drought-resistant and water-saving material used for planting on deserts, land, roads and railways is obtained. The material is densely packed with pores less than 100 microns in size. After testing, it has achieved the effect of being breathable and impermeable to water.

[0065] When used for saline-alkali land treatment, a saline-alkali soil layer of a certain thickness is first dug up, and then an appropriate amount of the drought-resistant and water-saving material is taken to be spread flat to isolate the underground saline-alkali layer. Afterwards, the dug-up saline-alkali soil layer is backfilled. After backfilling is completed, the salt and alkali in the saline-alkali soil layer located on the drought-resistant and water-saving material layer are extracted by water washing using the irrigation method, and then the salt and alkali water washed out is collected, and finally the salt and alkali in the water are crystallized and extracted to achieve the treatment of saline-alkali land.

[0066] The above content is a detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific implementation methods, and it cannot be considered that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple derivations and substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Used for planting drought-resistant and water-saving materials in deserts, land, roads and railways, characterized by: Made from aeolian sand and pine oil products.

2. The drought-resistant and water-saving material for planting on deserts, land, roads and railways as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Pine oil products are rosin.

3. The drought-resistant and water-saving material for planting on deserts, land, roads and railways as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The weight ratio of aeolian sand to rosin is 1000:(5-25).

4. The drought-resistant and water-saving material for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The drought-resistant and water-saving material is densely packed and has a pore size of less than 100 microns.

5. The method for processing drought-resistant and water-saving materials for planting on deserts, land, roads and railways according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: After washing and drying the aeolian sand, it is added to a pine oil product melted at 110-160 degrees Celsius, mixed evenly to form a coated sand, and after cooling to room temperature, a drought-resistant and water-saving material for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways is obtained.

6. Use of the drought-resistant and water-saving material for planting in deserts, land, roads and railways according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the planting of drought-resistant plants.

7. Use of the drought-resistant and water-saving material for planting on deserts, land, roads and railways according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the management of saline-alkali land.

Images