Geographic information collection and mapping device and mapping method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a geographic information collection and mapping device and a mapping method, which relate to the technical field of mapping device technology. The device comprises a level and a telescopic ruler, wherein a top fixed ruler is provided at the upper end of the telescopic ruler, and an auxiliary mechanism is provided on the upper surface of the top fixed ruler. The auxiliary mechanism comprises a drone assembly and a marking assembly. The drone assembly comprises a fuselage component, and the fuselage component comprises: a bottom hanging plate, a fixed notch is provided at the center of the bottom hanging plate, an auxiliary fixed slot matched with the fixed notch is provided at the upper end of the top fixed ruler, and the marking assembly comprises: an auxiliary laser light, the auxiliary laser light is located on one side of the bottom surface of the bottom hanging plate, and a small camera matched with the auxiliary laser light is provided on the upper surface of a support plate body located on the front of the drone. In this solution, by providing the auxiliary mechanism, the equipment can break through geographical restrictions, expand the mapping scope, and comprehensively improve the efficiency, accuracy and adaptability of geographic information collection and mapping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of surveying and mapping devices, and in particular to a geographic information collection and surveying and mapping device and a surveying and mapping method. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous expansion of infrastructure construction, the importance of geographic information collection and surveying in urban and rural planning, land management, engineering construction and other fields has become increasingly prominent. As the basis of spatial data, the accuracy and timeliness of geographic information directly affect the quality and efficiency of subsequent planning, design and construction. As a classic surveying and mapping instrument, the level plays a vital role in geographic information collection and surveying with its high precision and stability.

[0003] In traditional geographic information collection and surveying work, the level, as a core measuring tool, has played an important role in urban and rural planning, land management, engineering construction and other fields with its high precision and stability. However, it still has significant limitations when facing complex terrain and large-scale surveying and mapping tasks. In existing technologies, the surveying and mapping efficiency of the level is limited by manual operation and visual interpretation, especially in areas with complex terrain and difficult for people to reach, such as waterlogged areas and cliff edges. Surveying and mapping work is often difficult to carry out smoothly, resulting in incomplete data collection and affecting the accuracy and timeliness of surveying and mapping results. When the observation point is blocked by obstacles, existing technologies cannot provide effective alternative observation means, which leads to obstruction of surveying and mapping work. In addition, when faced with interference from environmental factors such as wind, traditional levels lack an effective self-correction mechanism, and the horizontal state of the telescopic scale is easily affected, which in turn affects the accuracy of surveying and mapping data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a geographic information collection and mapping device and a surveying and mapping method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a geographic information acquisition and mapping device and a surveying and mapping method, comprising:

[0006] A level and a telescopic ruler, the upper end of the telescopic ruler is provided with a top fixed ruler, the upper surface of the top fixed ruler is provided with an auxiliary mechanism, the auxiliary mechanism includes a drone assembly and a marking assembly, the drone assembly includes a fuselage component, the fuselage component includes: a bottom hanging plate, a fixing notch is provided at the center of the bottom hanging plate, an auxiliary fixing slot matching the fixing notch is provided at the upper end of the top fixed ruler, four connecting empty tubes are also provided on the upper surface of the bottom hanging plate, the top surface of the connecting empty tubes is provided with a mounted drone, a small data processor and a height sensor are provided inside the mounted drone, a rotating sleeve is provided below the four side surfaces of the mounted drone, a retractable movable support frame is provided on the bottom surface of the rotating sleeve, and a support plate body is provided on the bottom surface of the movable support frame;

[0007] The marking component includes: an auxiliary laser light, which is located on one side of the bottom surface of the bottom suspension plate, and a small camera that cooperates with the auxiliary laser light is provided on the upper surface of the support plate body located on the front of the drone, and a signal receiver is provided on one side surface of the small camera. The marking component also includes a top turntable, which is provided on the upper surface of the level, and a laser point projection light is provided at the center of the top turntable. The side surface of the level is also provided with a side turntable, and a main laser light is provided at the center of the side turntable.

[0008] Furthermore, the drone assembly also includes a detection component, which includes: a control motor, the control motor is arranged on the upper surface of the drone, a lifting top block is provided at the end of the output shaft of the control motor, brake wings are provided above the four side surfaces of the drone, a buffer ring is provided on the bottom surface of the brake wing, and the four side surfaces of the lifting top block are respectively provided with induction pressure blocks that cooperate with the brake wings.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper surface of the bottom hanging plate is provided with a main fixing plate and a secondary fixing plate that cooperate with the auxiliary fixing groove, the upper surfaces of the main fixing plate and the secondary fixing plate are both provided with an engaging plate, and one side surface of the main fixing plate and the secondary fixing plate is provided with a limiting plate, and dual-axis motors are provided on both sides of the upper surface of the bottom hanging plate, and engaging screws are provided on both sides of the dual-axis motor, and threaded holes that cooperate with the engaging screws are provided on the side surfaces of the engaging plate.

[0010] Furthermore, a bottom camera is provided on the bottom surface of the carrying drone, an electric rotating shaft is also provided at the connection between the movable support frame and the supporting plate body, and an anti-slip bottom plate is provided on the bottom surface of the supporting plate body.

[0011] Furthermore, a level display bead is provided on the upper surface of the lifting top block, and a small top frame is also provided on the upper surface of the lifting top block, and a top observer is provided at the center of the small top frame.

[0012] Furthermore, connecting blocks are provided on both sides of the auxiliary laser lamp, a small motor is provided on one side surface of one of the connecting blocks, a telescopic motor is provided on the upper surface of the connecting block, and the telescopic motor is located inside the connecting empty tube.

[0013] Furthermore, an observation lens is provided on one side surface of the level, an aiming lens is provided on the upper surface of the level, a support frame is provided on the bottom surface of the level, and limiting blocks that cooperate with the side rotating frames are provided on both side surfaces of the level.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. In this solution, a marking component is provided. The main laser light on the side rotating frame projects a laser elevation line to determine the level instrument observation height line, and then the auxiliary laser light is used to coincide with it and lock the position. During the movement and descent of the telescopic ruler, the height sensor measures the descent height and transmits it to a small data processor. The processor accurately controls the small motor to drive the auxiliary laser light to rotate according to a specific formula. Finally, the staff observes the laser elevation line mark number through a small camera and transmits the image to an external device for observation. This enables the equipment to accurately obtain geographic height information even in complex observation environments, ensuring the smooth progress of surveying and mapping work and improving the integrity and accuracy of surveying and mapping data.

[0016] 2. In this solution, by providing a drone component, the flight carrying mode of the drone component can be utilized to great advantage. The four brake wings are automatically folded and unfolded by the electric shaft body. Under the control of the staff, the telescopic ruler is moved to the measurement location. The staff operating the level uses the laser spot projection light to mark the target point. The staff operating the telescopic ruler uses the bottom camera to observe the bottom through the center of the telescopic ruler. After finding the mark, it is determined that the target point has been reached. Then the telescopic ruler is lowered to the ground for measurement. This mode breaks through the limitations of the geographical environment and can reach areas that are difficult to reach manually for geographic information collection, greatly expanding the scope of surveying and mapping and improving the efficiency and comprehensiveness of surveying and mapping work.

[0017] 3. In this solution, by providing a detection component, the problem of strong outdoor wind interfering with the telescopic ruler measurement work is effectively solved. When the staff holds the telescopic ruler for measurement and encounters strong winds that affect the horizontal state of the equipment, the top observer of the detection component observes the horizontal display bead in real time. The horizontal display bead intuitively displays the horizontal degree of the equipment through the bubble bead. Once the top observer detects that the horizontal display bead is not in a horizontal state, one of the brake wings is controlled to rotate according to the judgment result, and the wind reaction force generated by the brake wing is used to offset the influence of the ambient wind, thereby reducing wind interference, ensuring that the telescopic ruler is in a vertical and horizontal state, ensuring that the detection work can be carried out normally and accurately, and improving the quality and reliability of the surveying and mapping data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the level instrument of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic ruler of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the auxiliary mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the marking component of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the top fixed ruler structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the detection component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary laser lamp structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the main fixing plate and the auxiliary fixing plate of the present invention.

[0027] Figure: 1. Level; 2. Telescopic ruler; 3. UAV carrier; 4. Top fixed ruler; 5. Support frame; 6. Lifting block; 7. Brake wing; 8. Buffer ring; 9. Rotating sleeve; 10. Movable support frame; 11. Support plate; 12. Small camera; 13. Signal receiver; 14. Auxiliary laser light; 15. Bottom hanging plate; 16. Fixing notch; 17. Anti-skid bottom plate; 18. Bottom camera; 19. Connection to air pipe; 20. Observation lens; 21. Aiming lens 22. Top rotating frame; 23. Laser spot projection light; 24. Side rotating frame; 25. Main laser light; 26. Limiting block; 27. Auxiliary fixing slot; 28. Inductive pressure block; 29. ​​Small top frame; 30. Top observer; 31. Level display bead; 32. Control motor; 33. Telescopic motor; 34. Connecting block; 35. Small motor; 36. Limiting plate; 37. Engaging plate; 38. Dual-axis motor; 39. Main clamping plate; 40. Auxiliary clamping plate; 41. Engaging screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 , a geographic information acquisition and mapping device and a surveying and mapping method, comprising:

[0030] A level 1 and a telescopic ruler 2, an observation lens 20 is provided on one side surface of the level 1, and an aiming lens 21 is provided on the upper surface of the level 1. The aiming lens 21 is used to accurately aim at the target point to improve the accuracy of surveying and mapping. A support frame 5 is provided on the bottom surface of the level 1. The support frame 5 is made of high-strength material and has good stability and load-bearing capacity to ensure that the level 1 can remain stable under various terrain conditions. A top fixed ruler 4 is provided on the upper end of the telescopic ruler 2, and an auxiliary mechanism is provided on the upper surface of the top fixed ruler 4. The auxiliary mechanism includes a drone component and a marking component. The drone component is an important part of the auxiliary mechanism. The drone component includes a fuselage component and a detection component. The fuselage component includes: a bottom suspension plate 15, the bottom suspension plate 15 serves as the base of the drone component, a fixing slot 16 is provided at the center of the bottom suspension plate 15, and a fixing slot is provided on the upper end of the top fixed ruler 4. 16, and cooperates with the auxiliary fixing slot 27 at the upper end of the top fixed ruler 4 through the fixing slot 16 to achieve quick and stable installation. The upper surface of the bottom hanging plate 15 is provided with a main fixing plate 39 and a secondary fixing plate 40 that cooperate with the auxiliary fixing slot 27. The upper surfaces of the main fixing plate 39 and the secondary fixing plate 40 are both provided with an engaging plate 37, and one side surface of the main fixing plate 39 and the secondary fixing plate 40 is provided with a limiting plate 36. A dual-axis motor 38 is provided on both sides of the upper surface of the bottom hanging plate 15, and an engaging screw 41 is provided on both sides of the dual-axis motor 38. The side surface of the engaging plate 37 is provided with a threaded hole that cooperates with the engaging screw 41. The upper surface of the bottom hanging plate 15 is also provided with four connecting empty tubes 19, and the top surface of the connecting empty tubes 19 is provided with a mounted drone 3, and a small data processor and a height sensor are provided inside the mounted drone 3. It can process flight data and adjust flight altitude in real time to ensure flight stability and safety. A bottom camera 18 is provided on the bottom surface of the UAV 3, which can be used to take ground images during flight and provide rich geographic information for surveying and mapping work. Braking wings 7 are provided above the four side surfaces of the UAV 3, and a buffer ring 8 is provided on the bottom surface of the brake wing 7. A rotating sleeve 9 is provided below the four side surfaces of the UAV 3. An electric rotating shaft is provided at the connection between the rotating sleeve 9 and the UAV 3. A retractable movable support frame 10 is provided on the bottom surface of the rotating sleeve 9. A support plate 11 is provided on the bottom surface of the movable support frame 10. An electric rotating shaft is also provided at the connection between the movable support frame 10 and the support plate 11. The bottom surface of the support plate 11 is provided with an anti-slip bottom plate 17;

[0031] When in use, based on the existing technology, two staff members are responsible for operating the level 1 and the telescopic ruler 2 respectively. The staff member responsible for operating the level 1 sets up the level 1 through the support frame 5, and the staff member responsible for operating the telescopic ruler 2 moves the telescopic ruler 2 to the designated measuring point to cooperate with the staff member operating the level 1 to collect the geographical height information of the measuring point. When the terrain of the working area is more complicated and the staff cannot ensure that each measuring location can be measured normally, the staff member responsible for operating the telescopic ruler 2 takes out the auxiliary mechanism and installs it on the upper surface of the telescopic ruler 2. The uppermost end of the telescopic ruler 2 is the top fixed ruler 4. The staff By inserting one end of the top fixed ruler 4 into the fixed notch 16 on the bottom surface of the bottom hanging plate 15, and then controlling the two dual-axis motors 38 to drive through the staff signal, the meshing effect of the meshing screw 41 and the meshing plate 37 drives the main clamping plate 39 and the auxiliary clamping plate 40 to gradually move closer, and finally the auxiliary mechanism is fixed to the upper surface of the telescopic ruler 2 through the clamping effect between the main clamping plate 39, the auxiliary clamping plate 40 and the auxiliary fixed slot 27. At this time, it is in handheld mode, and the four brake wings 7 on the side surface of the drone 3 are kept in an upward folded and retracted state. The four brake wings 7 are respectively in contact with the sensing pressure block 28 and produce a pressure touch effect on the sensing pressure block 28. If the result is correct, the staff can start the auxiliary correction mode and use the detection component to detect whether the telescopic ruler 2 is in a vertical and horizontal state. When there is wind in the working environment that interferes with the horizontal state of the telescopic ruler 2, the detection component can assist the staff in correcting the situation. When the staff cannot go to the measurement location (such as when there is a certain depth of water at the measurement location), the staff can start the flight carrying mode of the auxiliary component. The four brake wings 7 are automatically folded and unfolded through the electric shaft at the connection with the carrying drone 3. Then, under the control of the staff, the telescopic ruler 2 is driven to move and arrive at the measurement location. The staff who controls the level 1 can use the laser point The projection light 23 projects a laser mark on the target point. The staff operating the telescopic ruler 2 can observe the bottom of the equipment through the center of the telescopic ruler 2 through the bottom camera 18. After finding the mark, it can be determined that the target point has been reached, and then the telescopic ruler 2 is driven down and stops after the bottom surface of the telescopic ruler 2 contacts the ground. At this time, the staff responsible for the level 1 can observe the telescopic ruler 2. When the observation location is blocked by obstacles and the staff operating the level 1 cannot observe the observation point, the measuring height of the level 1 can be marked through the marking component, and the self-observation function of the auxiliary component can be used to replace the observation.

[0032] The detection component includes: a control motor 32, which is arranged on the upper surface of the mounted drone 3 and serves as the power source of the entire detection component. It has the characteristics of high precision and fast response. The end of the output shaft of the control motor 32 is provided with a lifting top block 6. The four side surfaces of the lifting top block 6 are respectively provided with inductive pressure blocks 28 that cooperate with the brake wings 7. The upper surface of the lifting top block 6 is provided with a horizontal display bead 31, which can intuitively display the current horizontal state of the drone. The upper surface of the lifting top block 6 is also provided with a small top frame 29, and a top observer 30 is provided at the center of the small top frame 29. The small top frame 29 provides a stable support platform for the top observer 30, thereby improving the stability of the drone during flight.

[0033] The detection component is used to detect whether the telescopic ruler 2 is in a vertical and horizontal state. When the staff holds the telescopic ruler 2 to perform measurement work and the outdoor wind is strong and affects the work, the horizontal display bead 31 is observed through the top observer 30 of the detection component. The horizontal display bead 31 can display the horizontal degree of the equipment through the bubble bead. When the top observer 30 detects that the horizontal display bead 31 is not in a horizontal state, the top observer 30 sends a signal to the small data processor set inside the drone 3. After processing by the small data processor, one of the brake wings 7 is controlled to rotate according to the judgment structure. The wind force generated by the brake wing 7 generates a reaction force to offset the wind in the environment, thereby reducing the impact of environmental wind interference, thereby ensuring the normal progress of the detection work.

[0034] The marking assembly includes: an auxiliary laser light 14, which is located on one side of the bottom surface of the bottom suspension plate 15. A connecting block 34 is provided on both sides of the auxiliary laser light 14. A small motor 35 is provided on one side surface of one connecting block 34. The small motor 35 has the characteristics of high precision and fast response, and can adjust the irradiation angle of the auxiliary laser light 14 as needed to meet the needs of different surveying and mapping scenarios. A telescopic motor 33 is provided on the upper surface of the connecting block 34. The telescopic motor 33 is located inside the connecting air pipe 19. A small camera 12 that cooperates with the auxiliary laser light 14 is provided on the upper surface of a support plate 11 located on the front of the drone 3. The small camera 12 has The small camera 12 has the functions of high-definition shooting and real-time transmission. A signal receiver 13 is provided on one side surface of the level 1. The marking component also includes: a top rotating frame 22, which is provided on the upper surface of the level 1. A rotating shaft is provided at the connection between the top rotating frame 22 and the level 1. A laser point projection lamp 23 is provided at the center of the top rotating frame 22. The laser point projection lamp 23 can emit a bright laser point to provide an accurate marking point for surveying and mapping work. A side rotating frame 24 is also provided on the side surface of the level 1. A rotating shaft is also provided at the connection between the side rotating frame 24 and the level 1. A main laser light 25 is provided at the center of the side rotating frame 24. Limiting blocks 26 that cooperate with the side rotating frame 24 are provided on both side surfaces of the level 1.

[0035] The marking component is used when the observation location is blocked by obstacles and the staff operating the level 1 cannot observe the observation point. The staff can rotate the side rotating frame 24 of the level 1 upwards and project a laser elevation line to the telescopic ruler 2 through the main laser light 25. This laser line is the observation height line of the level 1. Then, the staff operating the telescopic ruler 2 controls the auxiliary laser light 14 to rotate and shoot out a laser line. When the laser line shot by the auxiliary laser light 14 coincides with the laser line shot by the main laser light 25, the position of the auxiliary laser light 14 can be locked. Then, after the telescopic ruler 2 is moved to the target location by the drone component, when the drone component drives the telescopic ruler 2 to descend, the descent height of the equipment is measured by the height sensor, and then the data is transmitted to the small data processor for processing. The small motor 35 is controlled by a small data processor according to the descent height, so that the small motor 35 drives the auxiliary laser light 14 to rotate upward a specified distance, so that the height of the laser line projected by the auxiliary laser light 14 and the laser elevation line projected by the main laser light 25 to the telescopic ruler 2 remain coincident. Subsequently, the staff member controls the support plate 11 to rotate, and uses the small camera 12 to observe the mark number of the laser elevation line projected by the auxiliary laser light 14 at this time, and transmits the image to the external connection device in the hands of the staff member for observation. The rotation formula of the small motor 35 is: L=k⋅[arctan(tanθ0−RH)−θ0], where the descent height of the telescopic ruler 2 is H, the initial angle of the auxiliary laser light 14 is θ0, the rotation distance of the small motor 35 is L, the radius of the laser light rotation center is R, and the transmission ratio is k.

[0036] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0037] The geographic information collection and mapping device of the present invention integrates a level 1, a telescopic ruler 2, and auxiliary mechanisms to achieve efficient and accurate geographic information collection through collaborative work. In actual operation, two workers first operate the level 1 and the telescopic ruler 2 respectively. The level 1 is firmly set up at a point through a support frame 5, and preliminary observation and positioning are performed using an observation lens 20 and an aiming lens 21. The telescopic ruler 2 is carried to a designated measurement point by another worker to perform preliminary collection of geographic height information.

[0038] When the terrain is complex and traditional measurement methods are difficult to implement, the auxiliary mechanism is installed on the telescopic ruler 2. During the installation process, the dual-axis motor 38 drives the meshing screw 41, so that the main clamping plate 39 and the auxiliary clamping plate 40 are close together and clamped on the top fixed ruler 4 of the telescopic ruler 2, ensuring that the auxiliary mechanism is firmly connected;

[0039] In handheld mode, if the telescopic ruler 2 is not level due to wind, the detection component will immediately take effect, controlling the motor 32 to drive the lifting top block 6, and the top observer 30 will monitor the level display bead 31 in real time. Once a non-level state is detected, the signal is transmitted to the small data processor in the onboard drone 3. After analysis, the processor will command the corresponding brake wing 7 to rotate, using the wind reaction force to offset the environmental wind interference and keep the telescopic ruler 2 vertical.

[0040] When facing a measurement point that cannot be reached directly, such as a flooded area, the auxiliary mechanism activates the flight carrying mode, the four brake wings 7 are deployed, and the drone 3 carrying the telescopic ruler 2 is flown above the target point. The staff operating the level 1 uses the laser point projection light 23 to mark the target point. After the staff below the telescopic ruler 2 confirms the arrival using the bottom camera 18, the telescopic ruler 2 is lowered to the ground;

[0041] If the observation point is blocked, the marking component is started, and the staff turns the side rotating frame 24 of the level 1. The main laser light 25 projects a laser elevation line as a reference. Then, the auxiliary laser light 14 is controlled to shoot out a laser line and lock it to coincide with the main laser line. During the descent of the telescopic ruler 2, the height sensor monitors the descent height in real time, and the small data processor adjusts the angle of the auxiliary laser light 14 according to the height change to ensure that the laser elevation lines continue to coincide. Finally, the small camera 12 observes and transmits the laser elevation line data to the external device to complete the accurate collection of geographic information.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A geographic information collection and mapping device, characterized in that: include: A level and a telescopic ruler, the upper end of the telescopic ruler is provided with a top fixed ruler, the upper surface of the top fixed ruler is provided with an auxiliary mechanism, the auxiliary mechanism includes a drone assembly and a marking assembly, the drone assembly includes a fuselage component, the fuselage component includes: a bottom hanging plate, a fixing notch is provided at the center of the bottom hanging plate, an auxiliary fixing slot matching the fixing notch is provided at the upper end of the top fixed ruler, four connecting empty tubes are also provided on the upper surface of the bottom hanging plate, the top surface of the connecting empty tubes is provided with a mounted drone, a small data processor and a height sensor are provided inside the mounted drone, a rotating sleeve is provided below the four side surfaces of the mounted drone, a retractable movable support frame is provided on the bottom surface of the rotating sleeve, and a support plate body is provided on the bottom surface of the movable support frame; The marking component includes: an auxiliary laser light, which is located on one side of the bottom surface of the bottom suspension plate, and a small camera that cooperates with the auxiliary laser light is provided on the upper surface of the support plate body located on the front of the drone, and a signal receiver is provided on one side surface of the small camera. The marking component also includes a top turntable, which is provided on the upper surface of the level, and a laser point projection light is provided at the center of the top turntable. The side surface of the level is also provided with a side turntable, and a main laser light is provided at the center of the side turntable.

2. A geographic information collection and mapping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drone assembly also includes a detection component, which includes: a control motor, the control motor is arranged on the upper surface of the drone, a lifting top block is provided at the end of the output shaft of the control motor, brake wings are provided above the four side surfaces of the drone, a buffer ring is provided on the bottom surface of the brake wing, and the four side surfaces of the lifting top block are respectively provided with induction pressure blocks that cooperate with the brake wings.

3. The geographic information collection and mapping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the bottom hanging plate is provided with a main fixing plate and a secondary fixing plate that match the auxiliary fixing slots, the upper surfaces of the main fixing plate and the secondary fixing plate are both provided with engaging plates, and one side surface of the main fixing plate and the secondary fixing plate is provided with a limiting plate, and dual-axis motors are provided on both sides of the upper surface of the bottom hanging plate, and engaging screws are provided on both sides of the dual-axis motor, and threaded holes that match the engaging screws are opened on the side surfaces of the engaging plate.

4. The geographic information collection and mapping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the drone is provided with a bottom camera, the connection between the movable support frame and the support plate is also provided with an electric rotating shaft, and the bottom surface of the support plate is provided with an anti-slip bottom plate.

5. The geographic information collection and mapping device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the lifting top block is provided with a level display bead, and the upper surface of the lifting top block is also provided with a small top frame, and a top observer is provided at the center of the small top frame.

6. The geographic information collection and mapping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Connecting blocks are provided on both sides of the auxiliary laser lamp, a small motor is provided on one side surface of one of the connecting blocks, and a telescopic motor is provided on the upper surface of the connecting block. The telescopic motor is located inside the connecting empty tube.

7. The geographic information collection and mapping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An observation lens is provided on one side surface of the level, an aiming lens is provided on the upper surface of the level, a supporting frame is provided on the bottom surface of the level, and limiting blocks matching the side rotating frames are provided on both side surfaces of the level.

8. A geographic information collection and mapping method, used in a geographic information collection and mapping device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: After arriving at the designated surveying area, two staff members will operate the level and telescopic ruler respectively. The staff member operating the level will firmly set up the level in a suitable position using the support frame, while the staff member operating the telescopic ruler will move the telescopic ruler to the designated measuring point and cooperate with the staff member operating the level to perform preliminary collection of geographic height information. S2: When the working area has complex terrain, making some measuring points difficult to reach or observe by conventional means, the operator operating the telescopic scale installs the auxiliary mechanism on the upper surface of the telescopic scale. Specifically, one end of the top fixed scale is inserted into the fixed notch on the bottom surface of the bottom hanging plate. The two dual-axis motors are driven by signals. The meshing action of the meshing screw and the meshing plate drives the main and auxiliary clamping plates to move closer, thus achieving a stable connection between the auxiliary mechanism and the telescopic scale. S3: In handheld mode, if strong winds affect the horizontal state of the telescopic ruler, the detection component is activated and the level indicator bead is observed in real time through the top observer. If the level indicator bead is detected to be not level, the top observer sends a signal to the small data processor inside the drone. The small data processor controls the rotation of one of the brake wings based on the judgment result. The wind reaction force generated by the brake wing offsets the influence of the ambient wind and ensures that the telescopic ruler is in a vertical and horizontal state. S4: When the measurement location cannot be reached directly due to water accumulation or cliff obstacles, the auxiliary mechanism's flight carrying mode is activated. The four brake wings are automatically folded and unfolded by the electric shaft connected to the carrying drone. Under the remote control of the operator, the carrying drone carrying the retractable ruler flies to the measurement location. S5: The staff operating the level uses a laser spotlight to mark the target point. At the same time, the staff operating the telescopic ruler uses a bottom camera to observe downward through the center of the telescopic ruler. When the laser mark is found, it is determined that the target point has been reached. Then, the telescopic ruler is controlled to descend to the ground to accurately collect geographic height information. S6: When the observation location is blocked by obstacles, making it impossible for the operator to directly observe the observation point, start the marking component, rotate the side frame of the level upward, and use the main laser light to project a laser elevation line onto the telescopic ruler as the observation height line. At the same time, the operator who operates the telescopic ruler controls the auxiliary laser light to rotate and project a laser line. When the laser line of the auxiliary laser light coincides with the laser line of the main laser light, the position of the auxiliary laser light is locked; S7: When the drone assembly drives the telescopic ruler to descend, the altitude sensor measures the descent height in real time and transmits the data to the small data processor. The small data processor calculates the distance the small motor needs to rotate based on the descent height and the initial angle of the auxiliary laser light, and controls the small motor to drive the auxiliary laser light to rotate the corresponding distance to maintain the continuity and accuracy of the laser elevation line. S8: The staff operating the telescopic ruler controls the rotation of the supporting plate and uses a small camera to observe the number of laser elevation lines projected by the auxiliary laser light. The image is transmitted to an external connection device for the staff operating the level to conduct remote observation and recording, thereby completing the geographic information collection and surveying task.

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