Multi-pole rotor, motor and automobile

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-pole rotor, a motor and an automobile, the multi-pole rotor rotates along the central axis of the multi-pole rotor, and the multi-pole rotor comprises a plurality of radial magnets and a plurality of tangential magnets. The radial magnets are distributed in the circumferential direction of the central axis, and the magnetizing direction of the radial magnets is in the radial direction of the central axis; each tangential magnet is arranged between two adjacent radial magnets, and the magnetizing direction of the tangential magnets is along the tangential direction of the central axis; the angles occupied by the radial magnets and the tangential magnets are different in the circumferential direction of the central axis. The radial magnets and the tangential magnets with different magnetizing directions are adopted, the magnets with different magnetizing directions jointly form a complete magnetic circuit, the sizes of the radial magnets and the tangential magnets can be designed according to the direction and strength of a magnetic field, the higher harmonic content and the cogging torque are reduced, the magnetic field of the motor is more ideal, the motor runs more stably, and the service life of the motor is prolonged. Motor loss is reduced, and motor efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of rotor technology, and in particular to a multi-pole rotor, a motor, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Traditional slotted motors use an iron core to guide the magnetic field and support the windings, but coreless motors do away with the stator core, significantly reducing the motor's overall weight and size. By eliminating the iron core, coreless motors reduce energy losses caused by the iron core, including eddy current losses and hysteresis losses, thereby improving motor efficiency.

[0003] Compared with traditional slotted motors, although hollow cup motors do not have stator slots, in actual applications, due to the distribution of permanent magnets on the rotor and the uneven magnetization, a certain amount of cogging torque will still be generated, which will increase the loss of the motor, reduce the efficiency of the motor, and affect the stability of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An embodiment of the present application provides a multi-pole rotor to reduce the cogging torque of the multi-pole rotor, thereby at least partially solving the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present application, a multi-pole rotor is provided, which rotates along a central axis of the multi-pole rotor, and includes: A plurality of radial magnets are distributed along the circumference of the central axis, and the magnetization direction of the radial magnets is along the radial direction of the central axis; a plurality of tangential magnets, each of the tangential magnets being disposed between two adjacent radial magnets, and the magnetization direction of the tangential magnets being along the tangential direction of the central axis; Along the circumferential direction of the central axis, the radial magnets and the tangential magnets occupy different angles.

[0006] Optionally, one of the two adjacent radial magnets has a magnetizing direction toward the central axis, and the other has a magnetizing direction away from the central axis; The magnetizing directions of two adjacent tangential magnets are symmetrical with respect to their mid-planes.

[0007] Optionally, along the circumference of the central axis, the ratio of the angle occupied by the radial magnet to the angle occupied by the tangential magnet is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2; or, The ratio of the angle occupied by the tangential magnet to the angle occupied by the radial magnet is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2.

[0008] Optionally, there are four radial magnets and four tangential magnets respectively, and along the circumference of the central axis, the angle occupied by one radial magnet is greater than or equal to 30° and less than 45°, or greater than 45° and less than or equal to 60°, and the angle occupied by one tangential magnet is greater than or equal to 30° and less than 45°, or greater than 45° and less than or equal to 60°, and the sum of the angle occupied by one radial magnet and one tangential magnet is 90°.

[0009] Optionally, along the circumference of the central axis, the angle occupied by one of the radial magnets is greater than or equal to 37° and less than or equal to 43°, or greater than or equal to 52° and less than or equal to 58°; or, the angle occupied by one of the tangential magnets is greater than or equal to 37° and less than or equal to 43°, or greater than or equal to 52° and less than or equal to 58°.

[0010] Optionally, along the circumference of the central axis, the angle occupied by one radial magnet is 40° or 55°, or, The angle occupied by one of the tangential magnets is 40° or 55°.

[0011] Optionally, a first arc surface is provided on the side of the radial magnet away from the central axis, and a second arc surface is provided on the side of the tangential magnet away from the central axis. The first arc surface and the second arc surface are both located on a reference circular surface, and the reference circular surface is coaxial with the central axis.

[0012] Optionally, a tangential groove is provided on a side of the intersection of the radial magnet and the tangential magnet facing away from the central axis.

[0013] Optionally, along the circumference of the central axis, the ratio of the angle occupied by the tangential slot to the angle occupied by the tangential magnet and the radial magnet as a whole is greater than or equal to 0.08 and less than or equal to 0.22.

[0014] Optionally, the multi-pole rotor further includes a magnetic steel sheath, which is sleeved on the outer circumference of the radial magnet and the tangential magnet, and the magnetic steel sheath is interference fit with the radial magnet and the tangential magnet.

[0015] Optionally, the cavity between the tangential slot and the magnetic steel sheath is used to be filled with glue to connect the radial magnet and the tangential magnet as a whole with the magnetic steel sheath.

[0016] Optionally, along the circumference of the central axis, the angles occupied by the radial magnets are the same, and the angles occupied by the tangential magnets are the same.

[0017] Optionally, the multi-pole rotor further comprises a core shaft coaxially arranged with the central axis, and the radial magnets and the tangential magnets abut against the core shaft on a side facing the central axis.

[0018] Optionally, a glue storage groove is provided on a side of the tangential magnet facing the central axis, and the glue storage groove is used to be filled with glue to connect the tangential magnet and the core shaft.

[0019] Optionally, the glue storage groove is arranged along the axial direction of the central axis and is located in the middle of the side of the tangential magnet facing the central axis.

[0020] Optionally, the bottom of the glue storage groove is an arc-shaped surface, and there is an arc transition between the arc-shaped surface and the surface of the tangential magnet facing the side of the central axis.

[0021] Optionally, the tangential magnet and / or the radial magnet is a Halbach array magnet.

[0022] According to a second aspect of the present application, a motor is provided, comprising the multi-pole rotor described above.

[0023] According to a third aspect of the present application, a car is also provided, comprising the above-mentioned multi-pole rotor or the above-mentioned motor.

[0024] In the multi-pole rotor of the embodiment of the present application, by adopting radial magnets and tangential magnets with different magnetizing directions, the tangential magnet and the two adjacent radial magnets form a magnetic circuit, and the sizes of the radial magnets and the tangential magnets are different, so that more magnetic lines of force in the magnetic circuit extend along the magnetizing direction of the magnet, and the magnetic lines of force that are different from the magnetizing direction of the magnet are reduced, so that the magnetic lines of force extend along a more optimal path, ensuring the strength of the magnetic lines of force, thereby reducing the high-order harmonic content and the cogging torque, making the magnetic field of the motor more ideal, making the motor run more smoothly, reducing motor losses, and improving the efficiency of the motor.

[0025] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0026] In order to more completely understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same drawing numbers represent the same parts in the following description.

[0027] Figure 1is a schematic structural diagram of a first multi-pole rotor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second multi-pole rotor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third multi-pole rotor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of magnetic lines of force of the third multi-pole rotor shown; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth multi-pole rotor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth multi-pole rotor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 7 is a curve showing the relationship between the angle occupied by the tangential magnet and the cogging torque provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 8 is a curve showing the relationship between the angle occupied by the tangential magnet and the back electromotive force provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 9 yes Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of part A; Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth multi-pole rotor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 11 yes Figure 10 An enlarged schematic diagram of part B; Figure 12 yes Figure 10 Schematic diagram of magnetic lines of force of the sixth multi-pole rotor shown; Figure 13 yes Figure 10 The relationship curves of different sizes of tangential slots and cogging torque of the sixth multi-pole rotor shown are as a function of time; Figure 14 : is a surface magnetic waveform curve of different magnets provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 15 yes Figure 10 Enlarged schematic diagram of part C.

[0028] Description of reference numerals: 1. radial magnet; 11. first arc surface; 12. tangential groove; 2. Tangential magnet; 21. Second arc surface; 22. Glue storage groove; 3. Magnetic steel sheath; 4. Core shaft; 5. Center axis; 6. Reference circular surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] According to the first aspect of this application, see Figures 1 to 3 A multi-pole rotor is provided, which rotates along a central axis 5 of the multi-pole rotor. The multi-pole rotor includes a plurality of radial magnets 1 and a plurality of tangential magnets 2. The plurality of radial magnets 1 are distributed circumferentially along the central axis 5, and the magnetization direction of the radial magnets 1 is along the radial direction of the central axis 5. Each tangential magnet 2 is disposed between two adjacent radial magnets 1, and the magnetization direction of the tangential magnets 2 is along the tangential direction of the central axis 5. Along the circumferential direction of the central axis 5, the radial magnets 1 and the tangential magnets 2 occupy different angles.

[0031] It can be understood that the radial magnet 1 is magnetized radially along the central axis 5, forming a magnetic field in which the magnetic lines of force diverge or converge primarily radially; the tangential magnet 2 is magnetized tangentially along the central axis 5, forming a magnetic field in which the magnetic lines of force diverge or converge primarily tangentially. Furthermore, the radial magnet 1 and the tangential magnet 2 occupy different circumferential angles, meaning that the radial magnet 1 and the tangential magnet 2 are of different sizes. The magnetic fields of the radial magnet 1 and the tangential magnet 2 are spatially superimposed, forming a composite magnetic field with lower high-order harmonic content and cogging torque, resulting in a more ideal magnetic line of force loop in the composite magnetic field.

[0032] By arranging radial magnets 1 and tangential magnets 2 with different magnetizing directions and different sizes, the magnetic fields of the radial magnets 1 and the tangential magnets 2 are spatially combined to form a more ideal composite magnetic field, so that more magnetic lines of force in the magnetic circuit extend along the magnetizing direction of the magnets, and the magnetic lines of force that are different from the magnetizing direction of the magnets are reduced, so that the magnetic lines of force extend along a more optimal path, ensuring the strength of the magnetic lines of force, thereby reducing the high-order harmonic content and cogging torque teeth, reducing the additional loss of the motor, and improving the motor efficiency; at the same time, the reduction of magnetic field fluctuations makes the rotor rotation process smoother, thereby enhancing the stability of the system.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, one magnetizing direction of two adjacent radial magnets 1 is toward the central axis 5, and the other magnetizing direction is away from the central axis 5; the magnetizing directions of two adjacent tangential magnets 2 are symmetrical about each other's midplanes.

[0034] It can be understood that, among the two adjacent radial magnets 1, the magnetic field lines of one radial magnet 1 mainly point radially toward the central axis 5, and the magnetic field lines of the other radial magnet 1 mainly point radially away from the central axis 5; at the same time, since the magnetization directions of the two adjacent tangential magnets 2 are symmetrical about each other's mid-planes, the mid-planes of the two adjacent tangential magnets 2 are the mid-planes of the radial magnets 1 between them; Figure 4 Each tangential magnet 2 forms an independent magnetic circuit with two adjacent radial magnets 1, and the two adjacent magnetic circuits are symmetrical about each other's midplane.

[0035] In some embodiments, by alternating the magnetization directions of adjacent radial magnets 1 toward and away from the central axis 5 and symmetrically distributing the magnetization directions of adjacent tangential magnets 2, an independent magnetic circuit is formed. This allows the magnetic lines of force of the composite magnetic field to align more closely with an ideal path, further reducing the content of higher harmonics. By adjusting the arrangement and magnetization directions of the tangential and radial magnets 2 and 1, the stability of the magnetic circuit can be enhanced, reducing cogging torque fluctuations caused by uneven magnetic field distribution, thereby further reducing motor losses, improving efficiency, and enhancing the smoothness of system operation.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, along the circumference of the central axis 5, the ratio of the angle occupied by the radial magnet 1 to the angle occupied by the tangential magnet 2 is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2; or, the ratio of the angle occupied by the tangential magnet 2 to the angle occupied by the radial magnet 1 is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2.

[0037] It can be understood that, along the circumferential direction of the central axis 5, when the ratio of the angle occupied by the radial magnet 1 to the angle occupied by the tangential magnet 2 is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2, it means that the angle range occupied by the radial magnet 1 in the circumferential direction is larger than that of the tangential magnet 2; and when the ratio of the angle occupied by the tangential magnet 2 to the angle occupied by the radial magnet 1 is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2, it means that the angle range occupied by the tangential magnet 2 in the circumferential direction is relatively larger.

[0038] In some embodiments, by controlling the size ratio of the radial magnet 1 and the tangential magnet 2 to be greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2 (regardless of whether the radial magnet 1 is larger or the tangential magnet 2 is larger), the ratio can be 1.1, 1.16, 1.25, 1.57, 1.8, 2, etc., which can balance the intensities of the radial magnetic field and the tangential magnetic field, make the magnetic lines of force of the composite magnetic field more uniform and conform to the ideal path, further suppress the generation of high-order harmonics, and reduce the cogging torque fluctuation caused by uneven magnetic field distribution, thereby further reducing motor losses, improving motor efficiency, and enhancing the smoothness of system operation.

[0039] In some examples, the above ratios may be applicable to multi-pole rotors such as quadrupole rotors, sextuple rotors, and octupole rotors. The following examples illustrate various applications of the above ratios in quadrupole rotors, sextuple rotors, and octupole rotors: Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Each pole of the four-pole rotor corresponds to an angle of 90°, and there are four radial magnets 1 and four tangential magnets 2 respectively, and the sum of the angles occupied by one tangential magnet 2 and one radial magnet 1 in the circumferential direction is 90°.

[0040] When the ratio of radial magnet 1 to tangential magnet 2 is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2, if radial magnet 1 is 30°, then tangential magnet 2 is 60° (ratio = 2); if radial magnet 1 is 35°, then tangential magnet 2 is 55° (ratio ≈ 1.57); if radial magnet 1 is 40°, then tangential magnet 2 is 50° (ratio = 1.25).

[0041] When the ratio of the tangential magnet 2 to the radial magnet 1 is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2, if the tangential magnet 2 is 60°, then the radial magnet 1 is 30° (ratio = 2); if the tangential magnet 2 is 50°, then the radial magnet 1 is 40° (ratio = 1.25); if the tangential magnet 2 is 55°, then the radial magnet 1 is 35° (ratio ≈ 1.57).

[0042] Reference Figure 5 Each pole of the six-pole rotor corresponds to an angle of 60°. There are six radial magnets 1 and six tangential magnets 2 respectively, and the sum of the angles occupied by one tangential magnet 2 and one radial magnet 1 in the circumferential direction is 60°.

[0043] When the ratio of radial magnet 1 to tangential magnet 2 is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2, if radial magnet 1 is 20°, then tangential magnet 2 is 40° (ratio = 2); if radial magnet 1 is 25°, then tangential magnet 2 is 35° (ratio ≈ 1.4); if radial magnet 1 is 22°, then tangential magnet 2 is 38° (ratio ≈ 1.73).

[0044] When the ratio of the tangential magnet 2 to the radial magnet 1 is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2, if the tangential magnet 2 is 40°, then the radial magnet 1 is 20° (ratio = 2); if the tangential magnet 2 is 35°, then the radial magnet 1 is 25° (ratio ≈ 1.4); if the tangential magnet 2 is 38°, then the radial magnet 1 is 22° (ratio ≈ 1.73).

[0045] Reference Figure 6 Each pole of the eight-pole rotor corresponds to an angle of 45°. There are eight radial magnets 1 and eight tangential magnets 2, and the sum of the angles occupied by one tangential magnet 2 and one radial magnet 1 in the circumferential direction is 45°.

[0046] When the ratio of radial magnet 1 to tangential magnet 2 is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2, if radial magnet 1 is 15°, then tangential magnet 2 is 30° (ratio = 2); if radial magnet 1 is 18°, then tangential magnet 2 is 27° (ratio ≈ 1.5); if radial magnet 1 is 20°, then tangential magnet 2 is 25° (ratio = 1.25).

[0047] When the ratio of the tangential magnet 2 to the radial magnet 1 is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2, if the tangential magnet 2 is 30°, then the radial magnet 1 is 15° (ratio = 2); if the tangential magnet 2 is 25°, then the radial magnet 1 is 20° (ratio = 1.25); if the tangential magnet 2 is 27°, then the radial magnet 1 is 18° (ratio ≈ 1.5).

[0048] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, four radial magnets 1 and four tangential magnets 2 are provided. Along the circumference of the central axis 5, the angle occupied by one radial magnet 1 is greater than or equal to 30° and less than 45°, or greater than 45° and less than or equal to 60°. In addition, the angle occupied by one tangential magnet 2 is also greater than or equal to 30° and less than 45°, or greater than 45° and less than or equal to 60°, and the sum of the angles occupied by one radial magnet 1 and one tangential magnet 2 is 90°.

[0049] It is understood that when there are four radial magnets 1 and four tangential magnets 2, respectively, the four radial magnets 1 and the four tangential magnets 2 are alternately distributed in the circumferential direction, forming a four-pole rotor circumferentially distributed along the central axis 5; wherein the angle occupied by each radial magnet 1 in the circumferential direction is greater than or equal to 30° and less than 45°, or greater than 45° and less than or equal to 60°, the angle occupied by each tangential magnet 2 in the circumferential direction is greater than or equal to 30° and less than 45°, or greater than 45° and less than or equal to 60°, and the sum of the angles of a single radial magnet 1 and a single tangential magnet 2 is 90°. In some examples, if the angle occupied by the radial magnet 1 is 30°, 35°, 37°, 40°, 43°, 55°, or 60°, the angles occupied by the tangential magnet 2 are correspondingly 60°, 55°, 43°, 50°, 37°, 35°, and 30°. The whole forms a complete 360° circle around the central axis 5, forming a structurally symmetrical quadrupole layout.

[0050] In some embodiments, four radial magnets 1 and four tangential magnets 2 are provided, and the sum of the angles of a single radial magnet 1 and a single tangential magnet 2 is 90°, and the respective angles are in the range of greater than or equal to 30° and less than 45°, or greater than 45° and less than or equal to 60°. Figure 7 , Figure 7The relationship curve between the angle occupied by the tangential magnet 2 and the cogging torque is shown in Figure 2. If the angle is greater than or equal to 30° and less than 45° or greater than 45° and less than or equal to 60°, the cogging torque is small and the high-order harmonic content is reduced. Figure 8 , Figure 8 The curves are the relationship between the angle occupied by the tangential magnet 2 and the back electromotive force. Series 1 is the maximum back electromotive force curve, and series 2 is the effective back electromotive force curve. In this embodiment, by adjusting the angle occupied by the tangential magnet 2 on the circumference, the amplitude of the back electromotive force is slightly affected. For example, when the tangential magnet 2 changes from 40° to 55°, the maximum back electromotive force changes by 4%, and the effective back electromotive force changes by 1.6%. This further reflects that the impact on the motor thrust is small, and it has good feasibility and stability. Therefore, by selecting an angle within the range of greater than or equal to 30° and less than 45° or greater than 45° and less than or equal to 60°, the size ratio of the radial magnetic field to the tangential magnetic field is optimized, the distribution of the magnetic circuit is more uniform, the high-order harmonic content and the cogging torque are reduced, and the distribution of the composite magnetic field is more adapted to the working requirements of the four-pole motor, thereby reducing motor losses, improving efficiency, and improving the stability of the four-pole rotor during operation.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, along the circumference of the central axis 5, the angle occupied by a radial magnet 1 is greater than or equal to 37° and less than or equal to 43°, or greater than or equal to 52° and less than or equal to 58°; or, the angle occupied by a tangential magnet 2 is greater than or equal to 37° and less than or equal to 43°, or greater than or equal to 52° and less than or equal to 58°.

[0052] It can be understood that in a four-pole rotor, along the circumferential direction of the central axis 5, when the angle occupied by a radial magnet 1 is greater than or equal to 37° and less than or equal to 43°, the angle occupied by a tangential magnet 2 is greater than or equal to 47° and less than or equal to 53°; and when the angle occupied by the radial magnet 1 is greater than or equal to 52° and less than or equal to 58°, the angle occupied by the tangential magnet 2 is greater than or equal to 32° and less than or equal to 38°, and the sum of the angles between a single radial magnet 1 and a single tangential magnet 2 is 90°. Similarly, when the angle occupied by a tangential magnet 2 is greater than or equal to 37° and less than or equal to 43°, the angle occupied by the radial magnet 1 is greater than or equal to 47° and less than or equal to 53°; and when the angle occupied by the tangential magnet 2 is greater than or equal to 52° and less than or equal to 58°, the angle occupied by the radial magnet 1 is greater than or equal to 32° and less than or equal to 38°, and the sum of the angles between a single radial magnet 1 and a single tangential magnet 2 is 90°.

[0053] In some embodiments, by limiting the circumferential angle range of the radial magnet 1 and the tangential magnet 2, the high harmonic content of the composite magnetic field superimposed by the radial magnet 1 and the tangential magnet 2 can be further suppressed. Figure 7, the cogging torque is smaller, thereby reducing the additional loss of the motor, improving the motor efficiency, and enhancing the smoothness of the system operation.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, along the circumference of the central axis 5, the angle occupied by a radial magnet 1 is 40° or 55°; or, the angle occupied by a tangential magnet 2 is 40° or 55°.

[0055] In some embodiments, the angle occupied by the radial magnet 1 is set to 40° and the angle occupied by the tangential magnet 2 is set to 50°, or the angle occupied by the radial magnet 1 is set to 55° and the angle occupied by the tangential magnet 2 is set to 35°, or the angle occupied by the tangential magnet 2 is set to 40° and the angle occupied by the radial magnet 1 is set to 50°, or the angle occupied by the tangential magnet 2 is set to 55° and the angle occupied by the radial magnet 1 is set to 35°. This can make the intensity and distribution of the radial magnetic field and the tangential magnetic field form a better ratio in the circumferential direction, make the magnetic line distribution of the composite magnetic field closer to the ideal state, suppress the high-order harmonic content to the maximum extent, and minimize the cogging torque, thereby further reducing the additional loss of the motor, significantly improving the motor efficiency, and greatly enhancing the smoothness of the system operation.

[0056] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 9 In some embodiments, a first arc surface 11 is provided on the side of the radial magnet 1 facing away from the central axis 5, and a second arc surface 21 is provided on the side of the tangential magnet 2 facing away from the central axis 5. The first arc surface 11 and the second arc surface 21 are both located on the reference circular surface 6, and the reference circular surface 6 is coaxial with the central axis 5.

[0057] It can be understood that the first arc surface 11 and the second arc surface 21 are both on the same reference circular surface 6 coaxial with the central axis 5, that is, the outer circumferential contours of the radial magnet 1 and the tangential magnet 2 are on the same circle, and the radii of the first arc surface 11 and the second arc surface 21 are equal.

[0058] In some embodiments, by aligning the first arc surface 11 of the radial magnet 1 and the second arc surface 21 of the tangential magnet 2 on a coaxial reference circumferential surface 6, the outer circumferences of the two are made identical, simplifying the magnet processing and assembly process and facilitating manufacturing. This structural design creates a more regular magnetic field boundary around the rotor's periphery, reducing magnetic field distortion and harmonic generation. It also reduces radial vibration caused by magnet non-uniformity, thereby reducing motor losses, improving efficiency, and enhancing system operation stability.

[0059] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 In some embodiments, a tangential groove 12 is provided on the side of the intersection of the radial magnet 1 and the tangential magnet 2 facing away from the central axis 5 .

[0060] It is understood that, at the intersection of the radial magnet 1 and the tangential magnet 2, a tangential groove 12 is provided on the side away from the central axis 5. Figure 12 The setting of the tangential slot 12 can change the direction of the magnetic lines of force at the pole transition portion (i.e., the intersection of the radial magnet 1 and the tangential magnet 2), reducing the number of magnetic line of force loops that need to pass through the air and two magnets (the radial magnet 1 and the tangential magnet 2) at the same time, so that more magnetic line of force loops only pass through the air and one of the magnets (the radial magnet 1 or the tangential magnet 2).

[0061] In some embodiments, by providing a tangential slot 12 on the side away from the central axis 5 at the intersection of the radial magnet 1 and the tangential magnet 2, the magnetic lines of force passing through multiple media at the pole transition portion can be reduced, thereby reducing magnetic field distortion, weakening the peak of the surface magnetic waveform, reducing the content of high-order harmonics, reducing cogging torque, and thereby reducing motor losses, improving efficiency, and enhancing the smoothness of system operation.

[0062] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, along the circumference of the central axis 5 , the ratio of the angle occupied by the tangential slot 12 to the angle occupied by the tangential magnet 2 and the radial magnet 1 as a whole is greater than or equal to 0.08 and less than or equal to 0.22.

[0063] In some examples, the angle of the tangential slot 12 in the four-pole rotor is greater than or equal to 7.2° and less than or equal to 19.8°, and the values ​​include but are not limited to 7.2°, 7.7°, 8°, 10°, 12°, 15°, 16°, 17°, 19°, 19.25°, and 19.8°.

[0064] In some examples, the angle of the tangential slot 12 in the six-pole rotor is greater than or equal to 4.8° and less than or equal to 13.2°, and the values ​​include but are not limited to 4.8°, 5°, 7°, 9°, 11°, 12°, 13°, and 13.2°.

[0065] In some examples, the angle of the tangential slot 12 in the eight-pole rotor is greater than or equal to 3.6° and less than or equal to 9.9°, and the values ​​include but are not limited to 3.6°, 4°, 5°, 6.5°, 7°, 8.5°, 9.5°, and 9.9°.

[0066] Reference Figure 13 , Figure 13 The relationship curve between different sizes of tangential slots 12 and cogging torque over time is shown in Figure 2. Taking the four-pole rotor as an example, series 1 ( Figure 13 The central angle of the tangential groove 12 of the blue curve in the middle is 7.7°, and the central angle of the series 2 ( Figure 13 The central angle of the tangential groove 12 of the orange curve in the middle is 12°, and the series 3 ( Figure 13The central angle of the tangential slots 12 (the medium gray curve) is 19.25°. In a four-pole rotor, based on process and implementation results, a 12° central angle is preferred, as it is more effective in reducing cogging torque and higher harmonics.

[0067] Reference Figure 14 , Figure 14 The surface magnetic waveform curves of different magnets. Taking the four-pole rotor as an example, series 1 ( Figure 14 The middle blue curve) is an equally divided magnet, that is, the angles occupied by radial magnet 1 and tangential magnet 2 are both 45°; Series 2 ( Figure 14 The orange curve in the middle) is that the angle occupied by the tangential magnet 2 is 40°, the angle occupied by the radial magnet 1 is 50°, and the tangential slot 12 is provided; Series 3 ( Figure 14 The gray curve in the middle shows that the angle occupied by the tangential magnet 2 is 40° and the angle occupied by the radial magnet 1 is 50°. Figure 14 It can be seen that the surface magnetic waveform of the equally divided magnet (series 1) has more burrs, while the surface magnetic waveform of the unequally divided permanent magnet (series 2 and series 3) is smoother. The surface magnetic waveform of the unequally divided permanent magnet with tangential slots 12 (series 2) is smoother and weakens the peak of the surface magnetic waveform, which can effectively reduce the content of high-order harmonics, reduce motor losses and improve motor efficiency.

[0068] It can be understood that, along the circumferential direction of the central axis 5, the ratio of the angle occupied by the tangential slot 12 to the overall angle occupied by the tangential magnet 2 and the radial magnet 1 in which it is located is in the range greater than or equal to 0.08 and less than or equal to 0.22. This can effectively reduce the magnetic field distortion of the pole transition portion, weaken the peak of the surface magnetic waveform, further reduce the high-order harmonic content, and reduce the cogging torque, thereby maintaining the motor efficiency and enhancing the smoothness of the system operation while ensuring that the overall magnetic force of the radial magnet 1 and the tangential magnet 2 is not excessively weakened.

[0069] Reference Figure 10 In some embodiments, the multi-pole rotor further includes a magnetic steel sheath 3 , which is sleeved on the outer circumference of the radial magnet 1 and the tangential magnet 2 , and the magnetic steel sheath 3 is interference fit with the radial magnet 1 and the tangential magnet 2 .

[0070] In some embodiments, by providing a magnetic steel sheath 3 and adopting an interference fit, the multiple radial magnets 1 and the multiple tangential magnets 2 can be firmly wrapped and fixed as a whole, thereby enhancing the integrity and stability of the rotor structure, effectively preventing the magnets from loosening or displacing during high-speed operation of the rotor, and ensuring the normal working performance of the rotor.

[0071] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 11In some embodiments, the cavity between the tangential slot 12 and the magnetic steel sheath 3 is used to be filled with glue to connect the radial magnet 1 and the tangential magnet 2 as a whole with the magnetic steel sheath 3.

[0072] It is understandable that the tangential grooves 12 are filled with glue, which is used to connect the radial magnet 1 and the tangential magnet 2 to the magnetic steel sheath 3. The material of the magnetic steel sheath 3 is carbon fiber, stainless steel, etc.

[0073] In some embodiments, by filling the cavity between the tangential slot 12 and the magnetic steel sheath 3 with glue, the connection strength between the radial magnet 1 and the tangential magnet 2 and the magnetic steel sheath 3 can be further strengthened, and the stability of the rotor structure can be improved by interference fit, thereby avoiding relative sliding between the magnet and the sheath, and ensuring the structural reliability of the rotor in long-term operation.

[0074] Reference Figure 10 In some embodiments, along the circumference of the central axis 5 , the angles occupied by the radial magnets 1 are the same, and the angles occupied by the tangential magnets 2 are the same.

[0075] It can be understood that by making the angles occupied by each radial magnet 1 along the circumferential direction the same and the angles occupied by each tangential magnet 2 along the circumferential direction the same, the design is facilitated and the manufacturing process is simplified; if a design with different angles is adopted, more parameter variables will be involved, which is not conducive to the design and will also lead to an increase in the number of molds required for production, thereby increasing costs.

[0076] Reference Figure 10 In some embodiments, the multi-pole rotor further includes a core shaft 4 coaxially arranged with the central axis 5 , and the radial magnets 1 and the tangential magnets 2 abut against the core shaft 4 on the side facing the central axis 5 .

[0077] It can be understood that the core shaft 4 is located at the center of the rotor, providing inner support for the radial magnets 1 and tangential magnets 2, so that the two are circumferentially distributed around the core shaft 4. By providing a core shaft 4 coaxial with the central axis 5 and allowing the radial magnets 1 and tangential magnets 2 to abut against the core shaft 4 on the side facing the central axis 5, stable inner positioning can be provided for the radial magnets 1 and tangential magnets 2, thereby enhancing the overall structural strength of the multi-pole rotor, maintaining the stability of the magnetic field distribution, reducing magnetic field distortion caused by changes in the magnet position, helping to reduce high-order harmonics and cogging torque, and improving motor efficiency and the smoothness of system operation.

[0078] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 15 In some embodiments, a glue groove 22 is provided on one side of the tangential magnet 2 facing the central axis 5 , and the glue groove 22 is used to be filled with glue to connect the tangential magnet 2 and the core shaft 4 .

[0079] In some embodiments, by providing a glue groove 22 on the side of the tangential magnet 2 facing the central axis 5 and filling it with glue, the connection strength between the tangential magnet 2 and the core shaft 4 can be enhanced, preventing the tangential magnet 2 from loosening or displacing due to centrifugal force and the like during the rotation of the rotor, ensuring the position stability of the tangential magnet 2, and helping to maintain the integrity of the magnetic circuit and the regular distribution of the composite magnetic field, thereby reducing the magnetic field distortion caused by magnet displacement, reducing the high-order harmonic content and cogging torque, and improving the motor efficiency and the smoothness of the system operation.

[0080] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 15 In some embodiments, the glue storage groove 22 is arranged along the axial direction of the central axis 5 and is located in the middle of the side of the tangential magnet 2 facing the central axis 5.

[0081] It is understood that the magnetic flux distribution in the middle portion of the tangential magnet 2 on the side facing the central axis 5 is relatively sparse, so the provision of the glue groove 22 in this location has a relatively small impact on the overall magnetic force of the tangential magnet 2. Therefore, the glue groove 22 can be filled with glue to strengthen the connection between the tangential magnet 2 and the core shaft 4, and because the magnetic flux distribution in this location is sparse, the adverse effect of the glue groove 22 on the magnetic force of the tangential magnet 2 is reduced.

[0082] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 15 In some embodiments, the bottom of the glue storage groove 22 is an arc-shaped surface, and the arc-shaped surface transitions to the surface of the tangential magnet 2 facing the central axis 5 in an arc shape.

[0083] In some embodiments, by designing the bottom of the glue storage groove 22 as an arc-shaped surface and transitioning it to the surface of the tangential magnet 2 facing the central axis 5 in an arc shape, the structural mutation of the tangential magnet 2 in this area can be reduced, making the magnet surface smoother, thereby reducing magnetic field distortion caused by structural mutation. Therefore, by designing the glue storage groove 22 as an arc-shaped surface, while ensuring that the glue fills the space to enhance the connection strength, it can also reduce interference with the distribution of magnetic flux lines around the tangential magnet 2, helping to maintain the regularity of the composite magnetic field, further reducing the high-order harmonic content and cogging torque, improving motor efficiency, and enhancing the smoothness of system operation.

[0084] Reference Figure 10 In some embodiments, the tangential magnet 2 and / or the radial magnet 1 is a Halbach array magnet.

[0085] It is understood that at least one of the tangential magnets 2 and the radial magnets 1 utilizes a Halbach array magnet structure. This means that the tangential magnets 2 may be a Halbach array magnet, the radial magnets 1 may be a Halbach array magnet, or both the tangential magnets 2 and the radial magnets 1 may be Halbach array magnets. Halbach array magnets, through a special magnetization orientation, can enhance the magnetic field on one side and weaken it on the other side, thereby optimizing the magnetic field distribution around the magnets.

[0086] In some embodiments, by configuring the tangential magnets 2 and / or the radial magnets 1 as Halbach array magnets, the overall magnetic field strength of the rotor can be enhanced, improving the concentration and uniformity of the magnetic field, and helping to strengthen the stability of the composite magnetic field formed by the radial magnets 1 and the tangential magnets 2. In some embodiments, the use of the Halbach array magnets can further weaken higher harmonics in the magnetic field, reduce cogging torque, and improve the operating efficiency and output performance of the motor.

[0087] According to a second aspect of the present application, a motor is provided, comprising the multi-pole rotor described above. The motor has all the beneficial effects of the multi-pole rotor described above, which will not be further elaborated in this disclosure.

[0088] According to a third aspect of the present application, a vehicle is further provided, comprising the multi-pole rotor or the motor. The vehicle has all the beneficial effects of the multi-pole rotor or the motor, which are not further described in this disclosure.

[0089] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0090] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0091] The embodiments, implementation methods and related technical features of the present application can be combined and replaced with each other without conflict.

[0092] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present application and do not constitute any form of limitation to the present application. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present application without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present application are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-pole rotor, characterized in that: Rotating along the central axis of the multi-pole rotor, the multi-pole rotor comprises: A plurality of radial magnets are distributed along the circumference of the central axis, and the magnetization direction of the radial magnets is along the radial direction of the central axis; a plurality of tangential magnets, each tangential magnet being disposed between two adjacent radial magnets, and the magnetization direction of the tangential magnets being along the tangential direction of the central axis; Along the circumferential direction of the central axis, the radial magnets and the tangential magnets occupy different angles.

2. The multi-pole rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the magnetizing directions of two adjacent radial magnets is toward the central axis, and the other magnetizing direction is away from the central axis; The magnetizing directions of two adjacent tangential magnets are symmetrical with respect to their mid-planes.

3. The multi-pole rotor according to claim 1, wherein: Along the circumference of the central axis, the ratio of the angle occupied by the radial magnet to the angle occupied by the tangential magnet is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2; or, The ratio of the angle occupied by the tangential magnet to the angle occupied by the radial magnet is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2.

4. The multi-pole rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that There are four radial magnets and four tangential magnets respectively. Along the circumference of the central axis, the angle occupied by one radial magnet is greater than or equal to 30° and less than 45°, or greater than 45° and less than or equal to 60°, and the angle occupied by one tangential magnet is greater than or equal to 30° and less than 45°, or greater than 45° and less than or equal to 60°, and the sum of the angle occupied by one radial magnet and one tangential magnet is 90°.

5. The multi-pole rotor according to claim 4, characterized in that: Along the circumference of the central axis, the angle occupied by one radial magnet is greater than or equal to 37° and less than or equal to 43°, or greater than or equal to 52° and less than or equal to 58°; or An angle occupied by one of the tangential magnets is greater than or equal to 37° and less than or equal to 43°, or greater than or equal to 52° and less than or equal to 58°.

6. The multi-pole rotor according to claim 5, characterized in that Along the circumference of the central axis, the angle occupied by one radial magnet is 40° or 55°; or, The angle occupied by one of the tangential magnets is 40° or 55°.

7. The multi-pole rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first arc surface is provided on the side of the radial magnet away from the central axis, and a second arc surface is provided on the side of the tangential magnet away from the central axis. The first arc surface and the second arc surface are both located on a reference circumferential surface, and the reference circumferential surface is coaxial with the central axis.

8. The multi-pole rotor according to claim 1, wherein: A tangential groove is provided on a side of the intersection of the radial magnet and the tangential magnet away from the central axis.

9. The multi-pole rotor according to claim 8, characterized in that Along the circumference of the central axis, the ratio of the angle occupied by the tangential slot to the angle occupied by the tangential magnet and the radial magnet as a whole is greater than or equal to 0.08 and less than or equal to 0.

22.

10. The multi-pole rotor according to claim 8, characterized in that The multi-pole rotor further includes a magnetic steel sheath, which is sleeved on the outer circumference of the radial magnet and the tangential magnet. The magnetic steel sheath is interference-fitted with the radial magnet and the tangential magnet.

11. The multi-pole rotor according to claim 10, characterized in that: The cavity between the tangential slot and the magnetic steel sheath is used to be filled with glue to connect the radial magnet and the tangential magnet as a whole with the magnetic steel sheath.

12. The multi-pole rotor according to claim 1, wherein: Along the circumferential direction of the central axis, the angles occupied by the radial magnets are the same, and the angles occupied by the tangential magnets are the same.

13. The multi-pole rotor according to claim 1, wherein: The multi-pole rotor further includes a core shaft coaxially arranged with the central axis, and the radial magnets and the tangential magnets abut against the core shaft on a side facing the central axis.

14. The multi-pole rotor according to claim 13, characterized in that A glue storage groove is provided on one side of the tangential magnet facing the central axis, and the glue storage groove is used to be filled with glue to connect the tangential magnet and the core shaft.

15. The multi-pole rotor according to claim 14, characterized in that The glue storage groove is arranged along the axial direction of the central axis and is located in the middle of the side of the tangential magnet facing the central axis.

16. The multi-pole rotor according to claim 15, characterized in that The bottom of the glue storage groove is an arc surface, and there is an arc transition between the arc surface and the surface of the tangential magnet facing the central axis.

17. The multi-pole rotor according to claim 15, characterized in that The tangential magnet and / or the radial magnet is a Halbach array magnet.

18. A motor, characterized in that: The multi-pole rotor comprises the multi-pole rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

19. An automobile, characterized in that: The multi-pole rotor comprises the multi-pole rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 17 or the motor according to claim 18.

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