Straw fiber-based antibacterial mulching film with temperature and humidity response performance and preparation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulching film with temperature and humidity response performance and a preparation method, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural mulching films, the straw fiber-based antibacterial mulching film with temperature and humidity response performance comprises a bottom film layer, a slow release layer and a barrier layer in sequence from bottom to top; the slow-release layer is obtained by coating the base film layer with a mixed solution of acetic acid, a bactericide, gelatin and a plasticizer; the barrier layer is obtained by coating palm wax emulsion on the surface of the slow release layer. According to the invention, palm wax, a bactericide (carbendazim), gelatin and a wheat straw fiber-based mulching film are combined to construct the wheat straw fiber-based temperature and humidity response type bacteriostatic mulching film. The straw fiber-based antibacterial mulching film can respond according to the change of environmental temperature and humidity to realize accurate release of pesticides, so that diseases are accurately regulated and controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural mulch films, and in particular relates to a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity response performance and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ambient temperature and humidity have a significant impact on the occurrence of crop diseases. Studies have shown that rising temperatures shorten the incubation period of diseases. Under suitable temperature conditions, increased humidity leads to the rapid reproduction and spread of pathogens. For example, under conditions of high temperature and high humidity, soybean root rot is very easy to cause. Traditional disease control methods can usually only passively apply pesticides after the disease occurs and cannot respond to changes in ambient temperature and humidity. This method has poor targeting and accuracy and cannot maximize the effect of pesticides, resulting in problems such as pesticide residues, environmental pollution and ecological damage. It no longer meets the requirements of healthy and sustainable agricultural development. Therefore, it is of great significance to scientifically design pesticide formulations, realize the release of pesticides in response to changes in ambient temperature and humidity, accurately control diseases and improve pesticide utilization.

[0003] In recent years, film covering technology has attracted much attention as an important means to improve the quality and yield of crops. It is reported that the area of ​​plastic film covering agricultural land in the world is about 128,652 km 2 . Traditional plastic films have good advantages such as good insect prevention, impurity prevention, heat preservation and moisture retention. However, the residue of traditional plastic mulch has become a major problem for the sustainable development of agriculture. Straw fiber-based film is an excellent green alternative to traditional plastic or biodegradable films for covering farmland. The degradation of this type of paper film not only does not cause soil pollution, but also provides a new method of returning straw to the field, effectively improving soil structure, fertility and nutrient content. At the same time, because its main raw material is cellulose, it can be used as a natural moisture-sensitive material. However, compared with plastic mulch, paper mulch still has problems such as low strength, poor flexibility and poor responsiveness to ambient temperature. Therefore, it is of great significance to modify the straw fiber-based film. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above technical issues, the present invention proposes a temperature- and humidity-responsive straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film and its preparation method. Specifically, the present invention uses a wheat straw fiber-based mulch film (WFM) as a carrier and the broad-spectrum fungicide carbendazim as a model pesticide. The pesticide molecules are then composited with a temperature-responsive material in a specific structure on the mulch film. This creates a wheat straw fiber-based temperature- and humidity-responsive antibacterial mulch film that releases the pesticide in response to changes in ambient temperature and humidity, thereby precisely controlling disease damage.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity response performance, comprising a base film layer and a slow-release layer from bottom to top;

[0007] or,

[0008] From bottom to top, it includes a base film layer, a sustained-release layer, and a barrier layer;

[0009] Wherein, the sustained-release layer is obtained by coating a mixed solution of acetic acid, bactericide, gelatin and plasticizer onto the base film layer;

[0010] The barrier layer is obtained by coating palm wax emulsion on the surface of the sustained-release layer.

[0011] Beneficial Effects: This invention discloses a straw-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity responsiveness. The film comprises one or two coating layers: a first layer comprising a mixture of a temperature-responsive sustained-release agent (gelatin) and a bactericide, and a second layer comprising a barrier layer of palm wax. The first layer enables intelligent temperature-responsive drug release, while the second layer acts as a control layer, varying the amount of palm wax applied depending on the application scenario, thereby altering the film's sustained-release pattern.

[0012] Optionally, the bottom film layer is a straw fiber-based film, preferably a wheat straw fiber-based film.

[0013] Optionally, the fungicide is carbendazim; and the plasticizer is glycerol.

[0014] Optionally, the thickness of the sustained-release layer is 14.16 μm-30 μm.

[0015] Furthermore, the thickness of the sustained-release layer is 20 μm.

[0016] Optionally, the barrier layer has a thickness of 10 μm-30 μm.

[0017] A method for preparing a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity response performance comprises the following steps:

[0018] Adding gelatin, a fungicide and a plasticizer into an aqueous acetic acid solution and stirring uniformly to obtain a mixed solution;

[0019] The mixed solution is coated on the bottom film layer by a wire rod coating technique to form a slow-release layer, thereby obtaining a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film having temperature and humidity responsiveness, including the bottom film layer and the slow-release layer;

[0020] Palm wax emulsion is coated on the slow-release layer to form a barrier layer, thereby obtaining a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity response performance, which comprises a base film layer, a slow-release layer and a barrier layer.

[0021] Beneficial effects: The present invention uses wheat straw fiber-based membrane, acetic acid, carbendazim, gelatin, palm wax and glycerol as main components. Among them, the wheat straw fiber-based membrane has a three-dimensional porous structure formed by plant fibers through hydrogen bonds, is rich in hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl groups, and is a natural moisture-responsive material. Gelatin is rich in biological functional groups such as carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups and amino groups, and has good natural degradability and temperature sensitivity, making it a good temperature-responsive sustained-release agent for pesticides. Palm wax has strong hydrophobicity, which makes it difficult for water molecules to adhere to or penetrate its surface, thereby effectively preventing water from penetrating objects. This characteristic of palm wax gives it great potential in regulating the slow-release of mulch films. The broad-spectrum fungicide carbendazim is used as a model pesticide, and gelatin is used as a sustained-release agent. It is applied to the surface of the mulch film using a wire rod coating technique. This mulch film can respond promptly to changes in ambient temperature and humidity, thereby achieving precise control of pesticide release. In order to make the application scenarios of the ground film wider and the controllability stronger, the present invention coats the ground film with a barrier layer of palm wax, and uses the palm wax to regulate the release time of the medicine on the ground film, thereby improving the controllability of the crop growth environment.

[0022] Optionally, the preparation process of the straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity responsiveness is specifically as follows:

[0023] (1) Dissolve gelatin in an acetic acid aqueous solution, stir until the gelatin is uniformly dissolved, then add a plasticizer and continue stirring to obtain solution 1;

[0024] (2) Stir the fungicide and acetic acid aqueous solution to obtain solution 2;

[0025] (3) uniformly mixing the solution 1 and the solution 2 to obtain a solution 3 (C-Gel mixed solution);

[0026] (4) coating the solution 3 onto a wheat straw fiber-based membrane (WFM) using a wire rod coating technique to obtain a C-Gel-WFM sample;

[0027] (5) The palm wax emulsion was coated on the surface of the C-Gel-WFM sample by a wire rod coating technique to obtain a CW-C-Gel-WFM sample, i.e., the straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity responsiveness.

[0028] Furthermore, the loading amount of the bactericide in the C-Gel-WFM sample is 0.05-0.15 g / m 2 ; preferably 0.05 g / m 2 , 0.1 g / m 2 and 0.15 g / m 2 .

[0029] Optionally, in the solution 1, the concentration of the gelatin is 1.78%–2.24% (m / v), and the concentration of the plasticizer is 0.26%–0.35% (v / v).

[0030] Optionally, in the solution 1, the concentration of the gelatin is 2% (m / v).

[0031] Furthermore, the concentration of the acetic acid aqueous solution is 2% (v / v).

[0032] Furthermore, the stirring temperature during the stirring process in step (1) is 50° C., and the stirring speed is 400 rpm.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0034] This invention combines palm wax, carbendazim, and gelatin with a wheat straw fiber-based film to create a wheat straw fiber-based temperature- and humidity-responsive antibacterial mulch film. This film responds to changes in ambient temperature and humidity, enabling precise release of pesticides and thus precisely controlling disease. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of the present invention, are provided to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are provided to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 The bar graph shows the effect of different drug loadings on dry tensile strength;

[0037] Figure 2 The bar graph shows the effect of different drug loading on elongation at break;

[0038] Figure 3 The bar graph shows the effect of different drug loadings on wet tensile strength;

[0039] Figure 4 The microstructure of the C-Gel-WFM sample prepared in Example 1, wherein a) is a 50x electron microscope image and b) is a 500x electron microscope image;

[0040] Figure 5 FT-IR spectra of wheat straw fiber membrane (WFM), gelatin / carbendazim (C-Gel), and carbendazim / gelatin / straw fiber membrane (C-Gel-WFM) in Example 1;

[0041] Figure 6 This is the standard curve of carbendazim;

[0042] Figure 7The curves of the effects of different temperatures and drug loading on drug release are shown, where a) is the drug release curve at 20°C, b) is the drug release curve at 30°C, c) is the drug release curve at 40°C, and d) is the drug release curve at 0.05 g / m 2 Drug release curve, e) at 0.1 g / m 2 Drug release curve, f) at 0.15 g / m 2 Drug release profile;

[0043] Figure 8 It is a bar graph showing the effect of different wet film thickness on dry tensile strength;

[0044] Figure 9 It is a bar graph showing the effect of different wet film thicknesses on wet tensile strength;

[0045] Figure 10 It is a bar graph showing the effect of different wet film thickness on sizing degree;

[0046] Figure 11 The microstructure of the CW-C-Gel-WFM prepared in Example 4, wherein a) is a 50x electron microscope image and b) is a 500x electron microscope image;

[0047] Figure 12 FTIR spectra of CW-C-Gel-WFM, C-Gel-WFM and CW prepared in Example 4;

[0048] Figure 13 The curves of the effects of different temperatures and different wet film thicknesses on drug release are shown, where a) is the drug release curve at 20°C; b) is the drug release curve at 30°C; c) is the drug release curve at 40°C;

[0049] Figure 14 Growth diagrams of soybeans after different treatments, where a) is CK, b) is carbendazim, c) is WFM, d) is Gel-WFM, e) is C-Gel-WFM, and f) is CW-C-Gel-WFM;

[0050] Figure 15 The growth and development diagrams of soybeans after different treatments, among which a) is CK, b) is carbendazim, c) is WFM, d) is Gel-WFM, e) is C-Gel-WFM, and f) is CW-C-Gel-WFM;

[0051] Figure 16 This is a bar graph showing the effects of different treatments on soybean plant height;

[0052] Figure 17 This is a bar graph showing the effects of different treatments on soybean fresh plant weight;

[0053] Figure 18 This is a bar graph showing the effects of different treatments on soybean root dry weight;

[0054] Figure 19 The bar graph shows the effects of different treatments on soybean roots, where a) is CK, b) is carbendazim, c) is WFM, d) is Gel-WFM, e) is C-Gel-WFM, and f) is CW-C-Gel-WFM.

[0055] Figure 20 This is a bar graph showing the effects of different treatments on soybean root rot index;

[0056] Figure 21 This is a bar chart showing the effects of different treatments on the incidence of soybean root rot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0058] It should be understood that the terms described herein are intended only to describe particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for numerical ranges herein, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between any intermediate value within a stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range is also encompassed by the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded within the scope.

[0059] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated document, the contents of this specification shall prevail.

[0060] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments described herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the description of the invention. The description and examples are intended to be exemplary only.

[0061] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0062] Unless otherwise specified, the "room temperature" in the present invention refers to 20-30°C.

[0063] The "parts" described in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, refer to parts by mass.

[0064] The raw materials used in this invention were all commercially available. Wheat straw fiber: processed Dongnong Winter Wheat No. 2 wheat straw, produced using a D200 straw fiber production machine; natural KP pulp; wet strength agent (solids content 12.5±0.5%); neutral sizing agent (solids content 12.5±0.5%); fungicide: carbendazim (Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., active ingredient 96%); gelatin (Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., CP); glycerol (Tianjin Fuyu Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., content ≥99.5%); palm wax emulsion (Colep Chemical Products Co., Ltd., solids content 30%); and glacial acetic acid (analytical grade).

[0065] The test method is as follows:

[0066] (1) Mechanical properties determination

[0067] With reference to GB / T12914-2008 “Paper and board — Determination of tensile strength”, the dry and wet tensile strength and elongation at break of the film (12×1.5 cm) were measured using a pendulum-type paper tensile measuring instrument. The tensile strength S was calculated using the formula (kN / m). The test was repeated three times and the average value was taken.

[0068] ;

[0069] Where: S——tensile strength, kN / m;

[0070] F——tensile strength, N;

[0071] W——film width, mm.

[0072] (2) Determination of sizing degree

[0073] The sizing degree of the film (3×3 cm) was determined according to GB / T 460-2008 “Determination of sizing degree of paper”. The unit is s, and the test was repeated three times to obtain the average value.

[0074] (3) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis

[0075] WFM and Gel-WFM were made into 1×1 cm and then gold-sprayed after bonding. The membrane microstructure before and after coating was analyzed using a desktop scanning electron microscope (TM4000, Hitachi, Japan).

[0076] (4) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy

[0077] Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Nicolet iS50, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) was used to analyze the fluorescence intensity at 400–4000 cm −1 FTIR spectroscopy was performed on gelatin, WFM, Gel-WFM and glycerol samples within the range.

[0078] (5) Drug release behavior test

[0079] To investigate the carbendazim release behavior of C-Gel-WFM under different temperature conditions, a carbendazim release experiment was conducted. C-Gel-WFM was immersed in 120 mL of distilled water at the corresponding temperatures of 20, 30, and 40°C. At regular intervals, 10 mL of the extract, containing the released drug component, was withdrawn from the solution for measurement. To maintain a constant total volume, the extract was replenished with an equal volume of distilled water. Measurements were taken every hour for the first 0 to 12 hours, and then every 12 hours for the next 12–240 hours. Carbendazim concentrations in the extract at different time points were measured using a UV-visible spectrophotometer TU-1810 (Beijing Puxi General Instrument Co., Ltd., Beijing) at a wavelength of 282 nm according to GB / T 5009188-2003.

[0080] The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.

[0081] Example 1

[0082] A method for preparing a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity response performance comprises the following steps:

[0083] (1) Preparation of wheat straw fiber-based membrane: WFM was prepared using the wheat straw of Dongnongdongmai No. 2 as raw material according to the method of the literature (ZHAOC S, ZUO P, WANG X, et al. Parameter optimization of a biodegradableagricultural film manufactured with wheat straw fiber[J]. BioResources, 2022, 17(2): 2331-2346). The specific steps are as follows:

[0084] Wheat straw was processed into semi-finished products with an average length of 132 mm and a kneading degree of 83% using a kneading machine (kneading machine feed rate 1000 kg / h, spindle speed 1800 r / min). The semi-finished products were soaked and washed to remove impurities and increase the moisture content. Wheat straw fiber was then produced using a D200 fiber extractor by extrusion and explosion. The wheat straw fiber and torn, unbleached KP pulp were then soaked in clean water for at least 4 hours. Following this, the prepared wheat straw fiber and KP fiber were placed in a Valley beater for 30 minutes according to GB / T24325-2009, "Valley Beater Method for Pulp," and then beaten to the desired beating degree (55±5°SR for wheat straw pulp and 45±2°SR for unbleached KP pulp) for later use. Then, according to specific needs, wheat straw pulp and KP pulp are mixed in a ratio of 65:35 (both are measured based on absolute dry pulp), and 1.0% wet strength agent and 1.4% neutral sizing agent are added (both are measured based on absolute dry pulp). Finally, the weight of the wheat straw fiber-based membrane is 60 g / m 2 , by adjusting the parameters of the papermaking machine to press and dry the ground film, the preparation of WFM is completed.

[0085] (2) Prepare a 2% (m / v) gelatin solution: Add gelatin to a 2% (v / v) glacial acetic acid aqueous solution, place the solution in a constant temperature magnetic stirrer, and stir at 400 rpm at 50°C until the gelatin is completely dissolved; then, add glycerol as a plasticizer (the concentration of glycerol in the gelatin solution is 0.3%) and continue stirring for 30 min to prepare a uniform gelatin solution for use;

[0086] Prepare carbendazim solution: add 0.08g of carbendazim to 2% (v / v) glacial acetic acid aqueous solution and stir for 30min;

[0087] The prepared gelatin solution was mixed with the carbendazim solution and stirred again for 30 min to ensure that the two solutions were fully mixed, thereby preparing a carbendazim / gelatin solution; the above mixture was coated on a WFM with a size of 20×35 cm with a wet film thickness of 20 μm to obtain a C-Gel-WFM sample with a drug loading of 0.1 g / m².

[0088] Example 2

[0089] A method for preparing a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity response performance,

[0090] The difference from Example 1 is that the amount of carbendazim added in step (2) was changed to 0.04 g, and a C-Gel-WFM sample with a drug loading of 0.05 g / m² was finally prepared. The other preparation processes and conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0091] Example 3

[0092] A method for preparing a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity response performance,

[0093] The difference from Example 1 is that the amount of carbendazim added in step (2) was changed to 0.12 g, and a C-Gel-WFM sample with a drug loading of 0.15 g / m² was finally prepared. The other preparation processes and conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0094] Example 4

[0095] A method for preparing a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity response performance,

[0096] The difference from Example 1 is that it further includes step (3): using a laboratory coater and an OSP coating rod with a wet film thickness of 20 μm, the palm wax emulsion is coated on the C-Gel-WFM sample with different wet film thicknesses, thereby preparing CW-C-Gel-WFM samples with different wet film thicknesses.

[0097] Example 5

[0098] A method for preparing a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity response performance,

[0099] The difference from Example 4 is that the wet film thickness in step (3) is replaced with 10 μm. The other preparation processes and conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0100] Example 6

[0101] A method for preparing a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity response performance,

[0102] The difference from Example 4 is that the wet film thickness in step (3) is replaced with 30 μm. The other preparation processes and conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0103] Comparative Example 1

[0104] The difference from Example 1 is that no carbendazim is added, and other preparation processes and conditions are the same as Example 1.

[0105] Effect verification:

[0106] 1. The following performance tests were conducted on the C-Gel-WFM samples with different drug loadings prepared in Examples 1-3 and the sample prepared in Comparative Example 1 without adding carbendazim:

[0107] (1) Dry tensile strength

[0108] Figure 1The bar graph shows the effect of different drug loading on dry tensile strength. Figure 1 It can be seen that a high drug loading has a significant effect on the dry tensile strength. As the drug loading increases, the dry tensile strength of C-Gel-WFM shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. When the drug loading is lower than 0.1 g / m², the dry tensile strength increases with the increase in drug loading. When the drug loading exceeds 0.1 g / m², the dry tensile strength decreases with the further increase in drug loading. It reaches a maximum value of 1.49 kN / m at a drug loading of 0.1 g / m². The reason is that a certain amount of carbendazim interacts with the gelatin molecules, such as hydrogen bonds or other weak interactions. This interaction acts as a cross-linking agent, making the gelatin molecules more tightly bonded, thereby increasing the dry tensile strength.

[0109] (2) Elongation at break

[0110] Figure 2 The following is a bar chart showing the effect of different drug loadings on elongation at break. As can be seen from the figure, high drug loading has a significant impact on elongation at break. As drug loading increases, the elongation at break of C-Gel-WFM first increases and then decreases. When the drug loading is below 0.05 g / m², the elongation at break rises with increasing drug loading. When the drug loading exceeds 0.05 g / m², the elongation at break begins to decrease with increasing drug loading. The maximum elongation at break reaches 2.61% at a drug loading of 0.05 g / m².

[0111] (3) Wet tensile strength

[0112] Figure 3 This is a bar graph showing the effect of different drug loadings on wet tensile strength.

[0113] The results show that drug loading has a significant effect on wet tensile strength. With the increase of drug loading, the wet tensile strength of C-Gel-WFM shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. When the drug loading is lower than 0.1 g / m², the wet tensile strength increases with the increase of drug loading. When the drug loading exceeds 0.1 g / m², the wet tensile strength decreases with the further increase of drug loading. The peak value is reached when the drug loading reaches 0.1 g / m², and the wet tensile strength is 0.7 kN / m. The reason is that carbendazim plays a role similar to a cross-linking agent in the membrane, which can strengthen the connection between gelatin molecules. When the gelatin membrane is subjected to tensile force, this strengthened connection helps to transfer stress more effectively, so that the membrane can withstand a certain tensile force even in a humid environment, thereby improving the wet tensile strength.

[0114] (4) SEM analysis

[0115] Figure 4Figures 1 and 2 show the microstructure of the C-Gel-WFM sample prepared in Example 1, where a) is a 50x electron microscope image and b) is a 500x electron microscope image. The figures show that the C-Gel coating not only effectively fills the pores between the fibers but also forms a uniform coating on the fiber surface, significantly reducing the surface roughness of the material.

[0116] (5) FTIR spectral analysis

[0117] Figure 5 The FT-IR spectra of wheat straw fiber membrane, gelatin / carbendazim, and carbendazim / gelatin / straw fiber membrane in Example 1 are shown in FIG. As can be seen from the figure, the straw fiber-based membrane has a high FT-IR value at 3333 cm -1 The stretching vibration absorption peak of -OH appears at 2915cm -1 Asymmetric stretching vibration of CH2- appears at 1424 cm -1 The shear vibration and rocking vibration of CH2- appear at 1159cm -1 The COC asymmetric stretching vibration absorption peak of the pyranose ring appears at 1030 cm -1 The CO bond vibration absorption peaks of alcohol hydroxyl group and pyranose ring appear at 896 cm -1 The characteristic absorption peak of cellulose pyran ring appears at 3325 cm -1 The stretching vibration absorption peak of the amino group (-NH-) in the carbendazim molecule appears at 2950cm -1 、2881cm -1 The stretching vibration absorption peak of -CH3 appears at 1646 cm -1 The stretching vibration absorption peak of C=O (amide I) appears at 1635cm -1 The C=N stretching vibration absorption peak of the benzimidazole ring appears at 1549 cm -1 The absorption peak generated by the coupling of NH bending vibration and CN stretching vibration (amide II) appears at 1241 cm -1 The combined vibration absorption peak of the in-plane bending vibration of NH and the stretching vibration of CN appears at 3325 cm. -1 、2950cm -1 、2881cm -1 、1646 cm -1 、1635 cm -1 、1549 cm -1 、1241 cm -1 The characteristic absorption peak of gelatin / carbendazim appears at 3333 cm -1 、2915 cm-1 、1424 cm -1 、1159 cm -1 、896 cm -1 The characteristic absorption peak of wheat straw fiber appears at , indicating that gelatin / carbendazim is successfully coated on the wheat straw fiber-based membrane.

[0118] (6) Analysis of drug release behavior

[0119] 1) Carbendazim standard curve

[0120] Figure 6 is the standard curve of carbendazim, such as Figure 6 As shown, the regression equation of the curve is Y=0.0709x+0.0217, and the correlation coefficient R 2 =0.9932. The carbendazim content was determined according to the method in GB / T 5009.188-2003 Determination of thiophanate-methyl and carbendazim in vegetables and fruits. A standard curve was drawn with carbendazim concentration as the horizontal axis and absorbance as the vertical axis.

[0121] 2) Drug release behavior

[0122] Figure 7 The curves of the effects of temperature and drug loading on drug release are shown, where a) is the drug release curve at 20°C, b) is the drug release curve at 30°C, c) is the drug release curve at 40°C, and d) is the drug release curve at 0.05 g / m 2 Drug release curve, e) is 0.1g / m 2 Drug release curve, f) at 0.15 g / m 2 Drug release curve. As can be seen from the figure, the release process of carbendazim from C-Gel-WFM mainly includes two stages: burst release stage and sustained release stage. Under constant temperature conditions, the effect of drug loading on drug release from C-Gel-WFM is shown in Figures a)-c). The higher the drug loading, the longer the sustained release time. When the drug loading is 0.15 g / m 2 When the drug loading was 0.05 g / m 2The release time of C-Gel-WFM was extended by 72–84 hours. When the drug loading remains constant, the effect of temperature on drug release from C-Gel-WFM is shown in Figures d)–f). Higher temperatures result in faster release rates and shorter sustained-release durations. This is because, during the initial burst release phase, the high dissolution rate of carbendazim / gelatin near the membrane surface leads to the rapid release of carbendazim molecules adsorbed and trapped near the surface. When the carbendazim concentration in the solution reaches a certain level, this increase in concentration in turn inhibits further release of carbendazim, slowing the release rate and causing the system to enter a sustained-release phase. At a constant temperature, increasing the drug loading of C-Gel-WFM leads to a longer sustained-release phase, resulting in a prolonged release time. When the drug loading remains constant, gelatin's unique temperature-sensitive properties lead to strong hydrogen bonding between its molecular chains at low temperatures, forming a stable three-dimensional cross-linked network, causing the gelatin solution to transform into a gel. As the temperature increases, the thermal motion of the molecules intensifies, disrupting hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. The three-dimensional network gradually disintegrates, and the gel returns to a sol state. This phase transition process results in an increase in the sustained release of carbendazim as the temperature rises. The phase transition temperature of gelatin is approximately between 35 and 40°C. Therefore, compared to 20°C, the sustained release rate of carbendazim increases more slowly at 30°C, but increases rapidly at 40°C, shortening the sustained release time.

[0123] 2. The following performance tests were conducted on the CW-C-Gel-WFM samples with different barrier layer thicknesses prepared in Examples 4-6:

[0124] (1) Mechanical properties analysis

[0125] Figure 8 The following is a bar graph showing the effect of different wet film thicknesses on dry tensile strength. As shown, wet film thickness has a significant effect on the dry tensile strength of the CW-C-Gel-WFM. As film thickness increases, the dry tensile strength of the composite film undergoes a trend of first decreasing, then increasing, and then decreasing again. When the film thickness is 10 μm, the dry tensile strength decreases significantly with increasing wet film thickness. However, when the film thickness reaches 20 μm, the dry tensile strength increases significantly with increasing wet film thickness. Above 20 μm, the dry tensile strength decreases significantly with increasing wet film thickness. The maximum dry tensile strength is 1.49 kN / m, achieved on the uncoated film. This is because repeated use of the coater degrades the overall mechanical properties of the WFM, which in turn affects the dry tensile strength of the composite film. Carnauba wax molecules fill the gaps between gelatin molecules. When the gelatin film is stretched, the carnauba wax acts like a "supporting skeleton," distributing some of the external forces and thus improving the dry tensile strength. At the same time, the presence of palm wax also makes the bonding between gelatin molecules tighter. This tight structure can withstand greater tensile force, thereby improving the tensile strength of the gelatin film.

[0126] (2) Wet tensile strength

[0127] Figure 9 The following bar graph shows the effect of different wet film thicknesses on wet tensile strength. As shown in the figure, wet film thickness has a significant effect on the wet film tensile strength of CW-C-Gel-WFM. As shown in the figure, with increasing film thickness, the wet tensile strength of CW-C-Gel-WFM undergoes a trend of first decreasing, then increasing, and finally decreasing again. The wet tensile strength decreases significantly at a film thickness of 10 μm, but increases significantly at a film thickness of 20 μm. The wet tensile strength decreases significantly at a film thickness of 30 μm. This is because the carnauba wax molecules effectively fill the gaps between gelatin molecules. When the gelatin film is stretched, the carnauba wax acts like a "supporting skeleton," helping to disperse some of the external force, thereby increasing the wet tensile strength. Furthermore, the presence of the carnauba wax strengthens the bonds between gelatin molecules, forming a more compact structure that can withstand greater tensile forces, thereby enhancing the film's tensile strength.

[0128] (3) Sizing degree analysis

[0129] Figure 10 The following is a bar graph showing the effect of different wet film thicknesses on sizing. As shown, wet film thickness has a significant effect on the sizing of CW-C-Gel-WFM. The sizing of CW-C-Gel-WFM shows a significant upward trend with increasing film thickness. When the wet film thickness reaches 30 μm, the sizing reaches its maximum value of 220 s. This is due to the strong hydrophobicity of palm wax. On the surface and interior of the gelatin film coated with palm wax, the wax forms a hydrophobic barrier, effectively preventing liquid penetration and thereby enhancing the sizing of the gelatin film.

[0130] (4) SEM analysis

[0131] Figure 11 Figures 1 and 2 show the microstructure of the CW-C-Gel-WFM prepared in Example 4, with a) being a 50x electron micrograph and b) being a 500x electron micrograph. As can be seen from the figures, when palm wax is evenly coated on the surface of the C-Gel-WFM, it forms a uniform and continuous protective layer. This layer effectively reduces the number and size of pores, thereby enhancing the barrier properties of the membrane. The smoother surface further reduces porosity and pore size, improving the overall performance of the material.

[0132] (5) FTIR spectral analysis

[0133] Figure 12The FTIR spectra of CW-C-Gel-WFM, C-Gel-WFM and CW prepared in Example 4 are shown in the figure. As can be seen from the figure, palm wax has a peak at 2917 cm -1 The asymmetric stretching vibration absorption peak of -CH3 appears at 2849 cm -1 The symmetrical stretching vibration absorption peak of -CH2- appears at 1734 cm -1 The stretching vibration absorption peak of C=O in the ester group (-COO-) appears at 1463 cm -1 The CH bending vibration absorption peaks of methyl and methylene appear at 1352 cm -1 The symmetrical bending vibration absorption peak of -CH3 appears at 1252 cm -1 and 1173 cm -1 The COC stretching vibration absorption peak in the ester group appears at 720 cm -1 The in-plane rocking vibration absorption peak of methylene appears at 3325 cm -1 The stretching vibration absorption peak of the amino group (-NH-) in the carbendazim molecule appears at 1635 cm -1 The C=N stretching vibration absorption peak of the benzimidazole ring appears at 1549 cm -1 The absorption peak generated by the coupling of NH bending vibration and CN stretching vibration (amide II) appears at 1030 cm -1 The CO bond vibration absorption peaks of alcohol hydroxyl group and pyranose ring appear at 896 cm -1 The characteristic absorption peak of cellulose pyran ring appears at 2917 cm -1 、2849 cm -1 、1734 cm -1 、1463 cm -1 、1352 cm -1 、1252 cm -1 、1173 cm -1 , 720 cm -1 The characteristic peak of palm wax appears at 3325cm -1 、1635 cm -1 、1549 cm -1 、1030 cm -1 、896 cm -1 The characteristic peaks of C-Gel-WFM membrane appeared, indicating that CW was successfully loaded onto the C-Gel-WFM membrane to prepare CW-C-Gel-WFM membrane.

[0134] (6) Analysis of drug release behavior

[0135] Figure 13 The following graph shows the effects of different temperatures and wet film thicknesses on drug release. Under constant temperature, as the thickness of the palm wax wet film increases, the drug release rate slows and the sustained-release duration increases accordingly. At a wet film thickness of 30 μm, the sustained-release duration is 96, 120, and 168 hours, extending the duration by 48–60 hours compared to C-Gel-WFM. At a constant wet film thickness, the release rate increases and the release duration decreases with increasing temperature. This is attributed to the excellent hydrophobicity of palm wax. From a chemical perspective, palm wax is primarily composed of wax esters, which contain long-chain fatty acids and long-chain alcohols. These long-chain structures possess significant hydrophobic properties. They effectively block water penetration, forming a protective layer similar to a "waterproof barrier," making it difficult for water molecules to penetrate the long-chain molecular interactions and enter the material. Physically, palm wax forms a continuous waxy film on the surface of the film. When applied to a surface, its molecules form a dense array, filling the tiny pores on the surface. This tight molecular arrangement greatly hinders the permeation channels of water molecules, thereby delaying the dissolution of the drug.

[0136] To evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of antimicrobial mulch films, we selected Fusarium solani, the primary pathogen of soybean root rot, as a test subject. Potted plant experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of different mulch film treatments on soybean disease index, plant height, plant weight, and root development. This not only validated the mulch film's antimicrobial properties but also assessed its potential impact on soybean growth and health.

[0137] For this potted experiment, Heinong 84 soybean seeds were used and sterilized with a 10% sodium hypochlorite solution. The flower potting soil used was a mixed matrix consisting of raw soil, matrix, peat moss, and perlite in a mass ratio of 3:3:2:2. Before potting, the soil was sterilized at 120°C for 2 hours to ensure a sterile environment.

[0138] Six treatment groups were used: WFM, Gel-WFM (Comparative Example 1), C-Gel-WFM (Example 1), CW-C-Gel-WFM (Example 4), a carbendazim-only treatment (5 mL of carbendazim solution added to 0.04 g of 2% (v / v) glacial acetic acid solution), and bare soil (CK). Each treatment group was replicated three times, with five soybean seeds planted in each replicate.

[0139] After soybeans germinate, use a pipette to accurately aspirate a quantitative amount of the diluted spore suspension and carefully drip it slowly into the soil around the roots of the soybean plants to ensure that the spore suspension is evenly distributed around the roots (10 mL per soybean plant). After the operation is completed, the spore suspension is gently covered with a thin layer of soil to prevent it from evaporating or splashing when exposed to air. The spore suspension is prepared as follows: a 7-day-old culture of Fusarium solani cake is inoculated on potato dextrose agar (PDA). 5 mL of sterile water is pipetted and added to the culture plate. Then, a sterile inoculating spatula is used to scrape the colonies from the plate into a sterile centrifuge tube. 10 mL of sterile water is then added to the tube, the cap is tightened, and the tube is shaken thoroughly. The tube is then shaken thoroughly in a shaker to ensure that the spores are evenly distributed and there is no obvious stratification. The spore suspension is then filtered through gauze to prepare a spore suspension and adjusted to a concentration of 1×10 with physiological saline. 8 / mL.

[0140] Analysis of soybean growth and health status

[0141] Twenty days after inoculation, a single-factor completely randomized design was used to ensure data reliability. Evaluation indicators included disease index, soybean plant height, soybean fresh plant weight, and soybean root dry weight, which comprehensively reflect the growth and health of soybeans. To statistically verify the differences between different treatments, the present invention applied a multiple comparison method to analyze the experimental results. The root rot disease index was graded according to the standard GB / T17980.88-2004, and the soybean root rot disease index and incidence were calculated according to relevant formulas to investigate the occurrence of the disease.

[0142] Figure 14The following is a growth chart of soybeans after different treatments. As shown in the figure, the growth of soybean plants is: CW-C-GEL-WFM>C-GEL-WFM>Carbendazim>WFM>GEL-WFM>CK treatment group. After inoculation with pathogens, the growth of seedlings was significantly inhibited, resulting in a significant decrease in plant height. In the treatment groups containing carbendazim, the release of carbendazim effectively reduced the incidence of root rot, and the soybean growth of the CW-C-Gel-WFM, C-Gel-WFM and carbendazim treatment groups was significantly better than that of other groups. Among them, the reason for the poor performance of the Gel-WFM group may be that when environmental conditions are suitable, gelatin may provide rich nutrition for pathogens, promote their massive reproduction, and thus increase the risk of infection to plants. The soybean growth in the CW-C-Gel-WFM and C-Gel-WFM groups was superior to that in the carbendazim-only group. This is because mulching not only reduces soil heat loss and evaporation, but also provides a more stable and suitable growth environment for soybean plants, thereby promoting plant growth. Furthermore, mulching helps maintain soil aeration and structure, providing favorable conditions for root development and further enhancing the plant's disease resistance.

[0143] Figure 15 The following diagrams show the growth and development of soybeans treated with different methods: a) CK, b) carbendazim, c) WFM, d) Gel-WFM, e) C-Gel-WFM, and f) CW-C-Gel-WFM. As shown, the soybeans in the five experimental treatment groups significantly outperformed the control group in key growth indicators such as plant height, fresh plant weight, and root dry weight. This result indicates that although all experiments were conducted in the same soil environment, the different treatments had a significant impact on soybean growth, leading to differences in growth indicators. Specifically, these treatments provided more favorable growing conditions for soybeans through methods such as mulching and applying carbendazim, such as improving soil moisture, temperature, and nutrient supply, thereby promoting the overall growth performance of the plants.

[0144] (1) Soybean plant height

[0145] Figure 16A bar graph shows the effects of different treatments on soybean plant height. As shown, the soybean plant height was as follows: CW-C-GEL-WFM > C-GEL-WFM > carbendazim > WFM > GEL-WFM > CK treatment group. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences in soybean plant growth indicators between the experimental and control groups (P < 0.01). Further multiple comparison analysis revealed that soybean plant height in the CW-C-GEL-WFM treatment was significantly different from all other treatment groups. Similarly, soybean plant height in the C-GEL-WFM treatment also showed significant differences from the other groups. In contrast, there was no significant difference in soybean plant height between the GEL-WFM and WFM treatments. Furthermore, the carbendazim-only treatment group also showed significant differences in soybean plant height from the other groups. Soybean seedlings are susceptible to root rot. The CW-C-GEL-WFM and C-GEL-WFM groups, due to their slow-release properties, can continuously release carbendazim to the location of the pathogen, effectively protecting soybeans from pathogen infection and promoting plant growth. Therefore, these two groups have the highest soybean plant height. The group treated with carbendazim alone also has a significant inhibitory effect on root rot due to the direct release of the drug in the early stage. Since the probability of root rot is reduced, this also promotes soybean growth to a limited extent. Compared with the control group, the WFM and GEL-WFM treatment groups have better growth conditions because the mulch film provides a more stable and suitable growth environment for soybeans.

[0146] (2) Soybean fresh plant weight

[0147] Figure 17 The following bar graph shows the effects of different treatments on soybean fresh plant weight. As shown, the following order of soybean fresh plant weight was observed: CW-C-GEL-WFM > C-GEL-WFM > carbendazim > WFM > GEL-WFM > CK treatment group. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results indicated significant differences in soybean growth indicators between the experimental and control groups (P < 0.01). Further multiple comparison analysis revealed that the CW-C-GEL-WFM group exhibited significant differences in soybean fresh plant weight compared to all other treatment groups. Similarly, the C-GEL-WFM group also showed significant differences in soybean fresh plant weight compared to the other groups. In contrast, no significant differences in soybean fresh plant weight were observed between the GEL-WFM and WFM treatments, nor in the CK group. Furthermore, the carbendazim-only treatment group also showed significant differences in soybean fresh plant weight compared to the other groups.

[0148] During the seedling stage, soybeans are more sensitive to root rot and easily infected. However, soybean mulches treated with CW-C-GEL-WFM and C-GEL-WFM, due to their slow-release properties, were able to continuously release carbendazim to areas where pathogens were concentrated. This sustained release mechanism not only effectively protected soybeans from pathogens but also promoted overall plant growth, resulting in the highest fresh plant weights for both soybean groups. Furthermore, these treatments provided a more favorable growing environment for soybeans by suppressing weed growth, further promoting soybean growth and significantly increasing fresh plant weight.

[0149] (3) Dry weight of soybean roots

[0150] Figure 18 A bar graph shows the effects of different treatments on soybean root dry weight. As shown, the following order of soybean root dry weight was observed: CW-C-GEL-WFM group > C-GEL-WFM group > carbendazim-treated group > WFM group > GEL-WFM group > CK group. Analysis of variance results indicated significant differences in soybean growth indicators between the experimental and control groups (P < 0.01). Further multiple comparison analysis revealed that soybean root dry weight in the CW-C-GEL-WFM treatment was significantly different from all other treatment groups. Similarly, soybean root dry weight in the C-GEL-WFM treatment also showed significant differences from the other groups. In contrast, no significant differences in soybean root dry weight were observed between the GEL-WFM, WFM, or CK groups.

[0151] During the seedling stage, soybean plants are highly susceptible to root rot and easily become infected. However, soybean mulches treated with CW-C-GEL-WFM and C-GEL-WFM, utilizing their slow-release properties, were able to continuously release carbendazim into areas where pathogens accumulate. This sustained-release mechanism prolonged the effective duration of carbendazim, reduced the incidence of root rot, and promoted root growth in soybean plants, resulting in the highest root dry weight in both groups. Furthermore, these treatments created a more favorable growth environment for soybeans by suppressing weed growth, further promoting soybean growth and significantly increasing soybean root dry weight.

[0152] Figure 19The bar graph shows the effects of different treatments on soybean roots. As shown in the figure, a comparison of root development in the five soybean root rot treatments reveals significant differences among the treatments. The CW-C-Gel-WFM treatment exhibited the best root development and the most developed root system, followed by the C-Gel-WFM treatment. Both groups displayed healthy root characteristics, with no obvious signs of disease. Although the carbendazim treatment did not utilize a slow-release technology, its early, direct application also demonstrated effective inhibition of root rot, resulting in healthy root growth. The soybean roots in the CK, WFM, and Gel-WFM treatments displayed distinct brown patches, a typical characteristic of root rot, indicating that without proper treatment, soybeans are highly susceptible to root rot. However, the properly treated groups, particularly the CW-C-Gel-WFM and C-Gel-WFM treatments, not only effectively prevented root rot but also promoted healthy root growth, significantly improving soybean growth quality and yield.

[0153] (1) Soybean root rot disease index

[0154] Figure 20 The bar graph shows the effects of different treatments on the soybean root rot index. As shown in the figure, the soybean root rot index is: CW-C-GEL-WFM < C-GEL-WFM < carbendazim treatment < WFM < GEL-WFM < CK treatment group.

[0155] Analysis of variance results showed no significant differences between soybean plants treated with CW-C-GEL-WFM, C-GEL-WFM, and carbendazim, but highly significant differences were observed between the WFM, GEL-WFM, and CK groups. The sustained-release technology used in the CW-C-GEL-WFM and C-GEL-WFM groups was comparable to, or even superior to, carbendazim alone. This is because in the CW-C-GEL-WFM and C-GEL-WFM groups, carbendazim was continuously released into the affected area through physical diffusion and dissolution of the adhesive, effectively reducing the soybean root rot disease index.

[0156] In contrast, the carbendazim-treated group, due to direct root irrigation, was primarily effective in the early stages, resulting in a slightly higher soybean root rot index compared to the CW-C-GEL-WFM and C-GEL-WFM groups. While the WFM and GEL-WFM groups did not receive carbendazim, the mulching provided more favorable growing conditions for soybeans, resulting in a lower soybean root rot index. In the GEL-WFM group, gelatin may have provided abundant nutrients to pathogens, promoting their reproduction and increasing the risk of infection.

[0157] The soybean plants in the CK treatment had the highest soybean root rot disease index because no fungicide was applied. These findings emphasize the importance of appropriate agricultural management practices, such as slow-release pesticide technology and mulching, to control soybean root rot and promote healthy plant growth.

[0158] (2) Incidence of soybean root rot

[0159] Figure 21 A bar chart shows the effects of different treatments on soybean root rot incidence. As shown in the figure, the C-GEL-WFM group performed best, followed by the CW-C-GEL-WFM group and the carbendazim-treated group, which performed equally well. The WFM and GEL-WFM groups were next, while the control group (CK) performed worst.

[0160] The results of the variance analysis further confirmed that there were no significant differences between the soybean plants in the CW-C-GEL-WFM and C-GEL-WFM groups, but there were significant differences compared to the WFM, GEL-WFM, and CK groups. This demonstrates that the sustained-release technology used in the CW-C-GEL-WFM and C-GEL-WFM groups effectively reduced the incidence of soybean root rot by continuously releasing the pathogen to the site through physical diffusion and dissolution of the adhesive.

[0161] In contrast, the carbendazim-treated group adopted the method of direct root irrigation, and the efficacy of the drug was mainly exerted in the initial stage, resulting in a slightly higher incidence of soybean root rot than that of the CW-C-GEL-WFM and C-GEL-WFM groups.

[0162] As for the soybean plants in the control group (CK) and the WFM and GEL-WFM treatments, which did not receive any fungicide application, the incidence of soybean root rot was higher. These findings highlight the critical role of appropriate agricultural management practices, such as the application of slow-release pesticide technology and mulching, in controlling soybean root rot and promoting healthy plant growth.

[0163] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity response performance, characterized in that: From bottom to top, it includes a base film layer and a sustained-release layer; or, From bottom to top, it includes a base film layer, a sustained-release layer, and a barrier layer; Wherein, the sustained-release layer is obtained by coating a mixed solution of acetic acid, bactericide, gelatin and plasticizer onto the base film layer; The barrier layer is obtained by coating palm wax emulsion on the surface of the sustained-release layer.

2. The straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity response performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom film layer is a straw fiber-based film.

3. The straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity response performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bactericide is carbendazim; and the plasticizer is glycerol.

4. The straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity response performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the sustained-release layer is 14.16 μm–30 μm; The thickness of the barrier layer is 10 μm-30 μm.

5. A method for preparing a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity responsiveness according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Adding gelatin, a fungicide and a plasticizer into an aqueous acetic acid solution and stirring uniformly to obtain a mixed solution; The mixed solution is coated on the bottom film layer by a wire rod coating technique to form a slow-release layer, thereby obtaining a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film having temperature and humidity responsiveness, including the bottom film layer and the slow-release layer; Palm wax emulsion is coated on the slow-release layer to form a barrier layer, thereby obtaining a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity response performance, which comprises a base film layer, a slow-release layer and a barrier layer.

6. The method for preparing a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity responsiveness according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation process of the straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity response performance is specifically as follows: (1) Dissolve gelatin in an acetic acid aqueous solution, stir until the gelatin is uniformly dissolved, then add a plasticizer and continue stirring to obtain solution 1; (2) Stir the fungicide and acetic acid aqueous solution to obtain solution 2; (3) uniformly mixing the solution 1 and the solution 2 to obtain a solution 3; (4) coating the solution 3 onto the base film layer using a wire rod coating technique to obtain a C-Gel-WFM; (5) The palm wax emulsion is coated on the surface of the C-Gel-WFM by a wire rod coating technique to obtain CW-C-Gel-WFM, i.e., the straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity responsiveness.

7. The method for preparing a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity responsiveness according to claim 6, characterized in that: The loading amount of the bactericide in the C-Gel-WFM is 0.05-0.15 g / m 2 .

8. The method for preparing a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity responsiveness according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the solution 1, the concentration of the gelatin is 1.78%-2.24%, and the concentration of the plasticizer is 0.26%-0.35%.

9. The method for preparing a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity responsiveness according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the solution 1, the concentration of gelatin is 2%.

10. The method for preparing a straw fiber-based antibacterial mulch film with temperature and humidity responsiveness according to claim 6, characterized in that: The concentration of the acetic acid aqueous solution is 2%.

Images