A steel box girder hoisting device for construction

Abstract

The present invention provides a steel box girder hoisting device for construction, which relates to the technical field of construction. A hoisting device is placed at the tail of a main hook and an auxiliary hook. During hoisting, under the action of the gravity of the hoisted steel box girder, the hoisting device moves from the tail of the main hook and the auxiliary hook to the middle, driving the auxiliary hook to rotate relative to the main hook, so that the middle of the auxiliary hook gradually approaches the middle of the main hook, that is, the auxiliary hook gradually changes from a state separated from the main hook to a state merged with the main hook. During the rotation process, the auxiliary hook is restricted by a damping mechanism, which slows down the speed of the hoisting device moving from the tail of the main hook and the auxiliary hook to the middle, playing a shock-absorbing role. That is, at the moment of hoisting and loading, when the hoisting device is subjected to an instantaneous impact force, the damping mechanism absorbs the impact stress generated between the auxiliary hook and the hoisting device; when the hoisting device moves from the tail of the main hook and the auxiliary hook to the middle, the auxiliary hook provides lateral support and position limiting for the hoisting device, reducing the unstable shaking of the hoisting device and reducing the impact on the stability of the steel box girder hoisting and construction safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a steel box beam hoisting device for building construction. Background Art

[0002] A steel box girder is a box-section steel structural beam composed of a top plate, bottom plate, web plate, internal transverse and longitudinal diaphragms, and stiffening ribs, all connected by a fully welded process. It boasts high rigidity, strong bearing capacity, and efficient space utilization, making it widely used in the structural systems of various large buildings, such as industrial plants, large venues, the main structures of high-rise buildings, large-span roofs, and some ancillary building structures such as corridors and equipment platforms. Due to the large weight and volume of steel box girders, they are typically hoisted by a crane during installation. Ropes at both ends of the steel box girder are connected to a hoisting device, which is then installed on the crane's hook. The crane's lifting mechanism is then used to lift the steel box girder.

[0003] When existing cranes are used in outdoor construction, their hook structures do not have a shock-absorbing function. At the moment of lifting and loading, the sling will be subjected to instantaneous impact force, generating impact stress and unstable shaking between the hook and the sling, thereby affecting the stability of the steel box girder lifting and the safety of construction.

[0004] The information disclosed in the background technology section of the present invention is only intended to deepen the understanding of the general background technology of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a steel box girder hoisting device for construction in response to the problems existing in the hook structure of the current crane.

[0006] The above purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The lifting device is a lifting device for lifting the steel box beam for construction construction, comprising a lifting ring and a main hook and an auxiliary hook both of which are U-shaped, the main hook and the auxiliary hook being jointly installed with a lifting device, and the lifting device being connected to the steel box beam by a rope; the main hook and the auxiliary hook both have a head end and a tail end, the head end of the main hook is connected to the lifting ring, the head ends of the two auxiliary hooks are rotatably arranged on both sides of the main hook, and a damping mechanism is provided between the auxiliary hook and the main hook, the damping mechanism is used to limit the speed of rotation of the auxiliary hook relative to the main hook; when the lifting device is installed on the main hook and the auxiliary hook, the auxiliary hook rotates relative to the main hook and has a first state and a second state before and after rotation, when in the first state, the middle part of the auxiliary hook is away from the middle part of the main hook, so that the auxiliary hook is separated from the main hook, and when in the second state, the middle part of the auxiliary hook is close to the middle part of the main hook, so that the auxiliary hook is merged with the main hook.

[0008] Furthermore, an opening is formed between the head end and the tail end of the main hook, and anti-slip rods are provided on both sides of the main hook, one end of the anti-slip rod is connected to the head end of the main hook, and when the auxiliary hook rotates from the first state to the second state, the other end of the anti-slip rod gradually approaches the tail end of the main hook to close the opening.

[0009] Furthermore, a first rotating shaft is provided at one end of the anti-slip rod, the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the head end of the main hook, a first bevel gear is provided on the first rotating shaft, and a second rotating shaft is provided at the head end of the auxiliary hook, and a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear is provided on the second rotating shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of balls are provided on the surface of the auxiliary hook in contact with the sling.

[0011] Furthermore, two collecting covers are provided in the middle of the main hook, and the two collecting covers extend from one side of the main hook to the other side. The two collecting covers have a tendency to approach each other. When the auxiliary hook rotates from the first state to the second state, the two collecting covers move away from each other.

[0012] Furthermore, the damping mechanism includes a damping rod and a damping cylinder that can slide relative to each other, the damping rod and the damping cylinder have a tendency to move away from each other, the end of the damping rod away from the damping cylinder is hinged to the main hook, and the end of the damping cylinder away from the damping rod is hinged to the auxiliary hook, when the auxiliary hook rotates from the first state to the second state, the damping rod and the damping cylinder approach each other.

[0013] Furthermore, when the auxiliary hook rotates from the first state to the second state, the damping rod and the damping cylinder are relatively stationary, so that the auxiliary hook remains in the second state.

[0014] Furthermore, the damping rod extends into the damping cylinder at one end close to the damping cylinder and is provided with a piston disk, which is slidingly and sealingly connected to the damping cylinder. The piston disk divides the internal chamber of the damping cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber. An air hole is opened on the piston disk, and the air hole is used to connect the first chamber and the second chamber. A covering member is provided on the damping rod, and the covering member is used to open or close the air hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the shielding member is in sealing contact with the surface opposite to the piston disc, and the shielding member can rotate relative to the piston disc to open or close the air hole.

[0016] Furthermore, a third chamber coaxial with the damping rod is formed inside the damping rod, and a piston cylinder is slidably provided in the third chamber, one end of the piston cylinder is opened and the other end is closed, and a driving medium is introduced into the third chamber, and the driving medium is used to make the piston cylinder slide along the third chamber; a column is provided on the shielding member, and the column is inserted into the end of the piston cylinder with an opening, and a spiral groove is provided on the outer circumference of the column, and a pin is provided on the inner wall of the piston cylinder, and the pin slides along the spiral groove.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention places the sling at the tail of the main hook and the auxiliary hook. During lifting, under the action of the gravity of the lifted steel box girder, the sling moves from the tail of the main hook and the auxiliary hook to the middle, driving the auxiliary hook to rotate relative to the main hook, so that the middle of the auxiliary hook gradually approaches the middle of the main hook, that is, the auxiliary hook gradually changes from a state of separation from the main hook to a state of merging with the main hook. During the rotation process, the auxiliary hook is restricted by the damping mechanism, which slows down the speed of the sling moving from the tail of the main hook and the auxiliary hook to the middle, thereby playing a shock-absorbing role, that is, at the moment of lifting and loading, when the sling is subjected to instantaneous impact force, the damping mechanism absorbs the impact stress generated between the auxiliary hook and the sling; when the sling moves from the tail of the main hook and the auxiliary hook to the middle, the auxiliary hook provides lateral support and limitation for the sling, reducing the unstable shaking of the sling, thereby reducing the impact on the stability of the steel box girder hoisting and the construction safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A diagram showing the state of use of the steel box girder hoisting device for construction provided by an embodiment of the present invention when connected to a crane;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the state of a steel box girder hoisting device used in construction when lifting a steel box girder;

[0020] Figure 3 This is an axonometric drawing of the first-person perspective of the steel box girder lifting device for building construction;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Front view of the steel box girder hoisting device used in building construction;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Sectional view of the steel box girder hoisting device for construction in the BB direction;

[0024] Figure 7 This is an axonometric drawing from the second perspective of the steel box girder lifting device for building construction;

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0026] Figure 9 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle auxiliary hook;

[0027] Figure 10 for Figure 4 Partial view after removing the main hook and auxiliary hook;

[0028] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Exploded view of parts;

[0029] Figure 12 for Figure 10 Another state diagram of ;

[0030] Figure 13 for Figure 3 Another state diagram of the steel box girder lifting device used in building construction;

[0031] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Structural diagram of the middle damping mechanism;

[0032] Figure 15 for Figure 14 Cross-sectional view of the middle damping mechanism;

[0033] Figure 16 for Figure 15 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0034] Figure 17 for Figure 15 A schematic structural diagram of the middle shielding member;

[0035] Figure 18 for Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the piston cylinder.

[0036] in:

[0037] 100, lifting ring; 101, main hook; 102, lifting device; 103, rope; 104, steel box girder; 105, crane; 106, first connecting plate; 107, second connecting plate; 108, mounting ring;

[0038] 200, auxiliary hook; 201, anti-drop rod; 202, first bevel gear; 203, second bevel gear; 204, ball bearing; 205, collection cover; 206, elastic pull rope; 207, mounting shell; 208, vertical slot; 209, slider; 210, spring plate;

[0039] 300. Damping mechanism; 301. Damping rod; 302. Damping cylinder; 303. Compression spring; 304. Piston disc; 305. First chamber; 306. Second chamber; 307. Air hole; 308. Shielding member; 309. Third chamber; 310. Piston cylinder; 311. Column; 312. Spiral groove; 313. Bayonet; 314. Vertical rod; 315. Horizontal rod; 316. Pressure plate; 317. Guide groove; 318. Hydraulic cylinder; 319. Hose; 320. Notch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0041] The serial numbers assigned to components herein, such as "first," "second," etc., are used solely to distinguish the objects being described and do not convey any sequential or technical meaning. References to "connection" and "coupling" herein, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that terms such as "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise" indicate positions or relationships based on those shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component being referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0042] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 18As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a steel box girder lifting device for construction, including a lifting ring 100 and a main hook 101 and an auxiliary hook 200 both in a U shape. A lifting device 102 is installed on the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200. The lifting device 102 is connected to the steel box girder 104 through a rope 103. The main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200 both have a head end and a tail end. The head end of the main hook 101 is connected to the lifting ring 100, and the head ends of the two auxiliary hooks 200 are respectively rotatably arranged on both sides of the main hook 101, and a resistance is provided between the auxiliary hook 200 and the main hook 101. The damping mechanism 300 is used to limit the speed at which the auxiliary hook 200 rotates relative to the main hook 101. When the sling 102 is installed on the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200, the auxiliary hook 200 rotates relative to the main hook 101 and has a first state and a second state before and after the rotation. When in the first state, the middle part of the auxiliary hook 200 is away from the middle part of the main hook 101, so that the auxiliary hook 200 is separated from the main hook 101. When in the second state, the middle part of the auxiliary hook 200 is close to the middle part of the main hook 101, so that the auxiliary hook 200 is merged with the main hook 101.

[0044] The sling 102 is placed at the tail of the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200. During lifting, under the action of the gravity of the lifted steel box girder 104, the sling 102 moves from the tail to the middle of the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200, driving the auxiliary hook 200 to rotate relative to the main hook 101, so that the middle of the auxiliary hook 200 gradually approaches the middle of the main hook 101, that is, the auxiliary hook 200 gradually changes from a state of separation from the main hook 101 to a state of merging with the main hook 101. During the rotation process, the auxiliary hook 200 is restricted by the damping mechanism 300, which slows down the speed at which the sling 102 moves from the tail of the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200 to the middle, thereby playing a shock-absorbing role. That is, at the moment of lifting and loading, when the sling 102 is subjected to instantaneous impact force, the damping mechanism 300 absorbs the impact stress generated between the auxiliary hook 200 and the sling 102; when the sling 102 moves from the tail of the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200 to the middle, the auxiliary hook 200 provides lateral support and limitation for the sling 102, reducing the unstable shaking of the sling 102, thereby reducing the impact on the stability of the lifting of the steel box girder 104 and the construction safety.

[0045] For the sake of convenience, the following description takes the use state as an example, that is, the openings of the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200 are both facing upward. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 The two ends of the steel box beam 104 are connected to the lower ends of the ropes 103, and the upper ends of the ropes 103 are connected to the sling 102. The sling 102 is annular or has an annular hanging portion, so that the sling 102 can be installed on the hook of the crane 105, that is, on the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200. Figure 1The end of the telescopic arm of the crane 105 is also provided with a lifting rope, the lower end of the lifting rope is connected to the lifting ring 100, and then the telescopic arm of the crane 105 is operated to lift the steel box girder 104. The crane 105 is set on a vehicle for easy movement. The structure and operating principle of the crane 105 are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0046] The head end of the main hook 101 is connected to the lifting ring 100. Specifically, a first connecting plate 106 and a second connecting plate 107 are provided between the lifting ring 100 and the main hook 101. The upper end of the first connecting plate 106 is hinged to the lifting ring 100, and the lower end of the first connecting plate 106 is hinged to the upper end of the second connecting plate 107. The lower end of the second connecting plate 107 is hinged to the head end of the main hook 101. The main hook 101 gradually bends from its head end to its tail end to form a U-shape. The main hook 101 can have two symmetrically arranged tail ends, that is, two main hooks 101 share a common head end, so that two slings 102 can be installed simultaneously.

[0047] In addition, the head end of the auxiliary hook 200 is rotatably set at the head end or tail end of the main hook 101. Preferably, the head end of the auxiliary hook 200 is rotatably set at the head end of the main hook 101, so as to facilitate the installation of the sling 102 on the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200 from the tail end of the main hook 101 and the tail end of the auxiliary hook 200. The main hook 101 is fixed with a mounting ring 108 by bolts near its head end, and the head end of the auxiliary hook 200 is rotatably set on the mounting ring 108. The auxiliary hook 200 rotates about a second, horizontally arranged axis, which is parallel to the line connecting the leading and trailing ends of the auxiliary hook 200. When the auxiliary hook 200 rotates about this axis, the leading end of the auxiliary hook 200 remains connected to the leading end of the main hook 101, and the distance between the trailing end of the auxiliary hook 200 and the trailing end of the main hook 101 remains almost constant. The middle of the auxiliary hook 200 moves relative to the middle of the main hook 101, thereby switching the auxiliary hook 200 between separation and merging with the main hook 101. It is worth noting that when the middle of the auxiliary hook 200 is away from the middle of the main hook 101, the middle of the auxiliary hook 200 is higher than the middle of the main hook 101. Therefore, the sling 102 initially only contacts the auxiliary hook 200 and not the main hook 101, thereby reducing wear on the main hook 101.

[0048] Preferably, an opening is formed between the head end and the tail end of the main hook 101, and anti-slip rods 201 are provided on both sides of the main hook 101. One end of the anti-slip rod 201 is connected to the head end of the main hook 101. When the auxiliary hook 200 rotates from the first state to the second state, the other end of the anti-slip rod 201 gradually approaches the tail end of the main hook 101 to close the opening.

[0049] The rotation of the auxiliary hook 200 drives the anti-dropping rod 201 to move to open or close the opening of the main hook 101, thereby realizing the anti-dropping function of the main hook 101.

[0050] Preferably, a first rotating shaft is provided at one end of the anti-slip rod 201, the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the head end of the main hook 101, a first bevel gear 202 is provided on the first rotating shaft, and a second rotating shaft is provided at the head end of the auxiliary hook 200, and a second bevel gear 203 meshing with the first bevel gear 202 is provided on the second rotating shaft.

[0051] The rotation of the auxiliary hook 200 drives the second bevel gear 203, which in turn drives the first bevel gear 202 and the anti-slip lever 201 to open or close the opening of the main hook 101. The first and second rotation axes are perpendicular to each other, meaning that the rotation of the anti-slip lever 201 does not occupy the working space of the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200, thus avoiding affecting the assembly and disassembly of the spreader 102. This increases the usability of the spreader 102 and improves its adaptability.

[0052] Among them, the first rotating shaft is set in the vertical direction. At this time, when the auxiliary hook 200 rotates around the second rotating shaft, it drives the anti-slip rod 201 to rotate on the horizontal plane, that is, swing left and right to open or close the opening of the main hook 101.

[0053] Preferably, see Figure 9 The surface of the auxiliary hook 200 that contacts the sling 102 is provided with a plurality of balls 204 .

[0054] As the spreader 102 moves from the tail end to the middle of the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200, the spreader 102 first contacts the auxiliary hook 200. This reduces wear between the spreader 102 and the main hook 101, compared to direct contact between the spreader 102 and the main hook 101. Furthermore, the spreader 102 and the auxiliary hook 200 are in rolling contact via the balls 204, reducing wear between the two and extending their service life.

[0055] Among them, only the portion between the tail and the middle of the auxiliary hook 200 is provided with the ball 204. The auxiliary hook 200 may be provided with a ball groove, and the ball 204 is spherical and rolls in the ball groove. Of course, the ball 204 may also be directly fixed to the auxiliary hook 200.

[0056] Preferably, two collecting covers 205 are provided in the middle of the main hook 101. The two collecting covers 205 extend from one side of the main hook 101 to the other side. The two collecting covers 205 tend to approach each other. When the auxiliary hook 200 rotates from the first state to the second state, the two collecting covers 205 move away from each other.

[0057] When the sling 102 moves from the tail to the middle of the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200, the sling 102 first rolls in contact with the ball 204 on the auxiliary hook 200 to produce a vibration effect on the sling 102, and the dust, rust and other impurities attached to the sling 102 are shaken off onto the two collecting covers 205. When the auxiliary hook 200 rotates to the second state, the sling 102 is installed, and the two collecting covers 205 move away from each other, and the impurities on the collecting covers 205 are brought to both sides of the main hook 101, avoiding abrasive wear between the impurities on the sling 102 and the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200, ensuring stable contact between the sling 102 and the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200, further reducing the wear on the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200, and extending the service life.

[0058] The collecting cover 205 is a sheet made of soft material, which can always fit the surface of the main hook 101. The two collecting covers 205 are connected by an elastic rope 206 at the ends close to each other. Two elastic ropes 206 can be provided. A mounting shell 207 is fixed to the bottom of the main hook 101. The end of the damping rod 301 away from the damping cylinder 302 is hinged to the mounting shell 207. The mounting shell 207 is provided with a vertical slot 208. Figure 8 、 Figures 10 to 12 A slider 209 is fixed at one end of the two collecting covers 205 away from each other, and the slider 209 slides along the vertical groove 208. The outer side of the slider 209 is elastically connected with a spring plate 210. The spring plate 210 can be rigid as a whole, so that the end of the spring plate 210 away from the slider 209 has a tendency to tilt upward. The elastic connection method can be: the spring plate 210 can rotate up and down, and a torsion spring is provided at the rotating shaft; or the connection between the spring plate 210 and the slider 209 is made of elastic material.

[0059] When the auxiliary hook 200 rotates from the first state to the second state, the auxiliary hook 200 gradually approaches the end of the spring plate 210 away from the slider 209. When the auxiliary hook 200 is close to the second state, the auxiliary hook 200 abuts and pushes the spring plate 210 away from the end of the slider 209. Since the spring plate 210 is tilted upward, the spring plate 210 pushes the slider 209 to move downward along the vertical groove 208, overcoming the elastic force of the elastic pull rope 206 to drive the two collection covers 205 away from each other, until the auxiliary hook 200 is in the second state, the spring plate 210 is squeezed between the auxiliary hook 200 and the main hook 101 and is in a vertical state. Figure 12 It is worth noting that the diameter of the elastic pull rope 206 is small enough, or the width of the two collecting covers 205 is wide enough, so that the distance between the two elastic pull ropes 206 is large enough to avoid being damaged by the sling 102. Alternatively, a groove is provided on the main hook 101, and the collecting cover 205 and the elastic pull rope 206 are both arranged in the groove, so as to avoid the elastic pull rope 206 being damaged by the sling 102.

[0060] Preferably, see Figure 14 、 Figure 15 The damping mechanism 300 includes a damping rod 301 and a damping cylinder 302 that can slide relative to each other. The damping rod 301 and the damping cylinder 302 have a tendency to move away from each other. The end of the damping rod 301 away from the damping cylinder 302 is hinged to the main hook 101, and the end of the damping cylinder 302 away from the damping rod 301 is hinged to the auxiliary hook 200. When the auxiliary hook 200 rotates from the first state to the second state, the damping rod 301 and the damping cylinder 302 approach each other.

[0061] When the auxiliary hook 200 rotates, the damping rod 301 and the damping cylinder 302 move relative to each other, and the entire damping mechanism 300 rotates relative to the main hook 101 . The damping mechanism 300 can limit the rotation of the auxiliary hook 200 and enhance the support force of the auxiliary hook 200 on the sling 102 .

[0062] A compression spring 303 is provided at the end of the damping rod 301 and the damping cylinder 302 that is adjacent to each other, thereby causing the damping rod 301 and the damping cylinder 302 to move away from each other. A sealing ring is provided between the damping rod 301 and the damping cylinder 302 to achieve a sliding, sealed connection between the two. The end of the damping rod 301 that is away from the damping cylinder 302 is sealed and hinged to the main hook 101, while the end of the damping cylinder 302 that is away from the damping rod 301 is sealed and hinged to the auxiliary hook 200. As a structural variation, the end of the damping rod 301 that is away from the damping cylinder 302 is hinged to the auxiliary hook 200, while the end of the damping cylinder 302 that is away from the damping rod 301 is hinged to the main hook 101.

[0063] Preferably, when the auxiliary hook 200 rotates from the first state to the second state, the damping rod 301 and the damping cylinder 302 are relatively stationary, so that the auxiliary hook 200 remains in the second state, so as to limit the rotation position of the auxiliary hook 200 and prevent the auxiliary hook 200 from rotating in the direction away from the main hook 101. The rotation of the auxiliary hook 200 in the direction close to the main hook 101 is restricted by the contact of the main hook 101, so that the auxiliary hook 200 is in a stable state and the sling 102 is also in a stable state.

[0064] Preferably, see Figures 14 to 16 The end of the damping rod 301 close to the damping cylinder 302 extends into the damping cylinder 302 and is provided with a piston disk 304. The piston disk 304 is slidingly and sealingly connected to the damping cylinder 302. The piston disk 304 divides the internal chamber of the damping cylinder 302 into a first chamber 305 and a second chamber 306. An air hole 307 is opened on the piston disk 304. The air hole 307 is used to connect the first chamber 305 and the second chamber 306. A shielding member 308 is provided on the damping rod 301. The shielding member 308 is used to open or close the air hole 307.

[0065] When the shielding member 308 opens the air hole 307, the first chamber 305 is connected to the second chamber 306, and the damping rod 301 and the damping cylinder 302 can slide relative to each other. When the shielding member 308 closes the air hole 307, the first chamber 305 is isolated from the second chamber 306, and the damping rod 301 and the damping cylinder 302 are relatively stationary, so that the auxiliary hook 200 remains in the second state.

[0066] The outer surface of the piston disc 304 is provided with a sealing ring, ensuring a sliding and sealed connection with the damping cylinder 302. Within the chamber within the damping cylinder 302, the upper side of the piston disc 304 defines a first chamber 305, while the lower side defines a second chamber 306. The diameter of the piston disc 304 is larger than that of the damping rod 301, and an air hole 307 is provided on the outer side of the piston disc 304, allowing communication between the first chamber 305 and the second chamber 306.

[0067] Preferably, the shielding member 308 is in sealing contact with the surface opposite to the piston disc 304 , and the shielding member 308 can rotate relative to the piston disc 304 to open or close the air hole 307 .

[0068] Among them, the piston disc 304 includes an upper disc and a lower disc, and an installation groove is formed between the upper disc and the lower disc. The shielding member 308 is disc-shaped and rotatably arranged in the installation groove. A sealing ring is provided between the piston disc 304 and the shielding member 308 so that the shielding member 308 can be rotatably sealed and connected to the piston disc 304.

[0069] Preferably, see Figures 14 to 18 A third chamber 309 coaxial with the damping rod 301 is formed inside the damping rod 301, and a piston cylinder 310 is slidably provided in the third chamber 309. One end of the piston cylinder 310 is opened and the other end is closed. A driving medium is introduced into the third chamber 309, and the driving medium is used to make the piston cylinder 310 slide along the third chamber 309; a column 311 is provided on the blocking member 308, and the column 311 is inserted into one end of the piston cylinder 310 with an opening, and a spiral groove 312 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the column 311, and a bayonet 313 is provided on the inner wall of the piston cylinder 310, and the bayonet 313 slides along the spiral groove 312.

[0070] By introducing a driving medium into the third chamber 309 , the piston cylinder 310 slides along the third chamber 309 , and drives the column 311 and the shielding member 308 to rotate through the bayonet 313 and the spiral groove 312 to open or close the air hole 307 .

[0071] A vertical rod 314 slides within the vertical slot 208. A horizontal rod 315 is secured to the upper end of the vertical rod 314, and a pressure plate 316 is secured to the lower end of the vertical rod 314. A guide groove 317 is formed in the mounting housing 207, along which the pressure plate 316 slides. A hydraulic cylinder 318 is mounted on the mounting housing 207. Its fixed end is secured to the mounting housing 207, while its telescopic end is secured to the pressure plate 316. Hydraulic oil, the aforementioned driving medium, flows into the chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 318. The chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 318 communicates with the third chamber 309 within the damping rod 301 via a hose 319. A guide structure is provided within the third chamber 309, allowing the piston cylinder 310 to slide along the third chamber 309 without rotating.

[0072] Initially, the sling 102 will only be in contact with the auxiliary hook 200. When the sling 102 moves from the tail of the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200 to the middle, the sling 102 switches from contact with the auxiliary hook 200 to contact with the main hook 101. Before this, the sling 102 moves from the auxiliary hook 200 to the cross bar 315 and applies pressure to the cross bar 315, driving the vertical rod 314 to move downward along the vertical groove 208 and the pressure plate 316 to move downward along the guide groove 317, driving the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 318 to move downward and contract, that is, the chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 318 is compressed, causing the hydraulic oil to flow through the hose 319 to the third chamber 309 in the damping rod 301, so that the piston cylinder 310 slides upward along the third chamber 309, and drives the column 311 and the shielding member 308 to rotate through the pin 313 and the spiral groove 312 to open or close the air hole 307.

[0073] The two air holes 307 are centrally symmetrically arranged on the shielding member 308, and a notch 320 is provided on the shielding member 308. When the auxiliary hook 200 rotates from the first state to the second state, the notch 320 on the shielding member 308 is opposite to one of the air holes 307, and the other air hole 307 is blocked. At this time, the first chamber 305 is connected with the second chamber 306, and the damping rod 301 and the damping cylinder 302 slide relative to each other and shorten; when the auxiliary hook 200 rotates from the first state to the second state, the shielding member 308 has rotated a certain angle, so that the notch 320 is away from the two air holes 307, that is, both air holes 307 are blocked. At this time, the damping rod 301 and the damping cylinder 302 are relatively stationary, so that the auxiliary hook 200 remains in the second state. After the lifting is completed, the cross bar 315 is manually pressed downward to drive the shielding member 308 to continue to rotate a certain angle so that the gap 320 is opposite to the other air hole 307. At this time, the first chamber 305 and the second chamber 306 are connected again. Under the action of the compression spring 303, the damping rod 301 and the damping cylinder 302 slide relative to each other and extend, pushing the auxiliary hook 200 to rotate in the opposite direction to reset, and at the same time driving the sling 102 to move from the middle of the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200 to the tail, so that the sling 102 is lifted to a state that is convenient for unloading. Manual unloading of the sling 102 is more labor-saving and convenient to operate.

[0074] As a structural variation, a latch 313 is provided on the outer circumference of the cylinder 311 , and a spiral groove 312 is provided on the inner wall of the piston cylinder 310 .

[0075] When the present invention is in use, the steel box girder 104 is connected to the sling 102 by the rope 103, and the sling 102 is placed at the tail of the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200. The sling 102 first contacts the auxiliary hook 200 to reduce the wear between the sling 102 and the main hook 101. At the same time, the sling 102 and the auxiliary hook 200 are in rolling contact through the ball bearings 204 to reduce the wear between the sling 102 and the auxiliary hook 200. The crane 105 is controlled to lift. Under the action of the gravity of the lifted steel box girder 104, the sling 102 moves from the common tail of the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200 to the middle, driving the auxiliary hook 200 to rotate relative to the main hook 101, so that the middle of the auxiliary hook 200 gradually approaches the middle of the main hook 101, that is, the auxiliary hook 200 gradually changes from a state of separation from the main hook 101 to a state of merging with the main hook 101.

[0076] When the sling 102 moves from the tail of the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200 to the middle, the auxiliary hook 200 rotates to drive the second bevel gear 203 to rotate, and drives the first bevel gear 202 and the anti-slip rod 201 to rotate to close the opening of the main hook 101, thereby preventing the sling 102 from slipping off.

[0077] When the sling 102 moves from the tail of the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200 to the middle, the sling 102 first rolls in contact with the ball 204 on the auxiliary hook 200 to produce a vibration effect on the sling 102, shaking off impurities such as dust and rust attached to the sling 102 onto the two collecting covers 205. At the same time, the auxiliary hook 200 rotates from the first state to the second state, and the auxiliary hook 200 gradually approaches the end of the spring plate 210 away from the slider 209. When the auxiliary hook 200 is close to being in the second state, the auxiliary hook 200 abuts and pushes the spring plate 210 away from the end of the slider 209. Since the spring plate 210 is tilted upward, the spring plate 210 pushes the slider 209 downward along the vertical slot 208, overcoming the elastic force of the elastic pull rope 206 to drive the two collecting covers 205 away from each other until the auxiliary hook 200 is in the second state. At this time, the sling 102 is installed, and the two collecting covers 205 move away from each other to bring the impurities on the collecting cover 205 to the two sides of the main hook 101, avoiding the impurities on the sling 102 and the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200 to form abrasive wear, ensuring stable contact between the sling 102 and the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200, further reducing the wear on the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200, and extending the service life.

[0078] During the process of the spreader 102 moving from the tail to the middle of the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200, the auxiliary hook 200 provides lateral support and limitation for the spreader 102, reducing the unstable shaking of the spreader 102, thereby reducing the impact on the stability of the steel box girder 104 hoisting and the safety of construction.

[0079] During the rotation process, the auxiliary hook 200 is restricted by the damping mechanism 300, which slows down the speed at which the sling 102 moves from the tail shared by the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200 to the middle, thereby playing a shock-absorbing role. That is, at the moment of lifting and loading, when the sling 102 is subjected to instantaneous impact force, the damping mechanism 300 absorbs the impact stress generated between the auxiliary hook 200 and the sling 102. Specifically, the sling 102 will initially only contact the auxiliary hook 200. When the sling 102 moves from the tail end shared by the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200 to the middle end, the sling 102 switches from contact with the auxiliary hook 200 to contact with the main hook 101. Before this, the sling 102 moves from the auxiliary hook 200 to the cross bar 315 and applies pressure to the cross bar 315, driving the vertical rod 314 to move downward along the vertical groove 208 and the pressure plate 316 to move downward along the guide groove 317, driving the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 318 to move downward and contract, that is, the chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 318 is compressed, causing the hydraulic oil to flow through the hose 319 to the third chamber 309 in the damping rod 301, so that the piston cylinder 310 slides upward along the third chamber 309, and drives the column 311 and the shielding member 308 to rotate through the pin 313 and the spiral groove 312 to open or close the air hole 307.

[0080] Furthermore, during the process of the auxiliary hook 200 rotating from the first state to the second state, the notch 320 on the shielding member 308 is opposite to one of the air holes 307, and the other air hole 307 is blocked. At this time, the first chamber 305 is connected to the second chamber 306, and the damping rod 301 and the damping cylinder 302 slide relative to each other and shorten; when the auxiliary hook 200 rotates from the first state to the second state, the shielding member 308 has rotated a certain angle, so that the notch 320 is away from the two air holes 307, that is, both air holes 307 are blocked. At this time, the damping rod 301 and the damping cylinder 302 are relatively stationary, so that the auxiliary hook 200 remains in the second state, so that the auxiliary hook 200 and the sling 102 are in a stable state for the lifting process.

[0081] After the lifting is completed, the crossbar 315 is manually pressed to drive the shielding member 308 to continue rotating a certain angle, so that the notch 320 is opposite to the other air hole 307. At this time, the first chamber 305 is connected to the second chamber 306. Under the action of the compression spring 303, the damping rod 301 and the damping cylinder 302 slide relative to each other and extend, pushing the auxiliary hook 200 to rotate in the opposite direction to reset. At the same time, the spreader 102 is driven from the middle of the main hook 101 and the auxiliary hook 200 to the tail, so that the spreader 102 is lifted to a state convenient for unloading. Manual unloading of the spreader 102 is more labor-saving and convenient. At the same time, the anti-drop rod 201 rotates in the opposite direction to open the opening of the main hook 101 to facilitate unloading of the spreader 102.

[0082] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0083] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several embodiments of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A steel box girder hoisting device for construction, characterized in that: The invention comprises a lifting ring and a main hook and an auxiliary hook both of which are U-shaped. A sling is mounted on both the main hook and the auxiliary hook, and the sling is connected to a steel box girder via a rope. The main hook and the auxiliary hook each have a head end and a tail end. The head end of the main hook is connected to the lifting ring, and the head ends of the two auxiliary hooks are rotatably arranged on both sides of the main hook. A damping mechanism is provided between the auxiliary hook and the main hook, and the damping mechanism is used to limit the rotation speed of the auxiliary hook relative to the main hook. When the sling is mounted on the main hook and the auxiliary hook, the auxiliary hook rotates relative to the main hook and has a first state and a second state before and after the rotation. In the first state, the middle portion of the auxiliary hook is away from the middle portion of the main hook, so that the auxiliary hook is separated from the main hook. In the second state, the middle portion of the auxiliary hook is close to the middle portion of the main hook, so that the auxiliary hook is merged with the main hook. An opening is formed between the head end and the tail end of the main hook, and anti-slip rods are provided on both sides of the main hook, one end of the anti-slip rod is connected to the head end of the main hook, and when the auxiliary hook rotates from the first state to the second state, the other end of the anti-slip rod gradually approaches the tail end of the main hook to close the opening; One end of the anti-slip rod is provided with a first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the head end of the main hook, the first rotating shaft is provided with a first bevel gear, the head end of the auxiliary hook is provided with a second rotating shaft, and the second rotating shaft is provided with a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear; two collecting covers are provided in the middle of the main hook, the two collecting covers extend from one side of the main hook to the other side, and the two collecting covers have a tendency to approach each other. When the auxiliary hook rotates from the first state to the second state, the two collecting covers move away from each other.

2. The steel box girder hoisting device for construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of balls are provided on the surface of the auxiliary hook in contact with the sling.

3. The steel box girder hoisting device for construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The damping mechanism includes a damping rod and a damping cylinder that can slide relative to each other. The damping rod and the damping cylinder have a tendency to move away from each other. The end of the damping rod away from the damping cylinder is hinged to the main hook, and the end of the damping cylinder away from the damping rod is hinged to the auxiliary hook. When the auxiliary hook rotates from the first state to the second state, the damping rod and the damping cylinder approach each other.

4. The steel box girder hoisting device for construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the auxiliary hook rotates from the first state to the second state, the damping rod and the damping cylinder remain relatively stationary, so that the auxiliary hook remains in the second state.

5. The steel box girder hoisting device for construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the damping rod close to the damping cylinder extends into the damping cylinder and is provided with a piston disk. The piston disk is slidingly and sealingly connected to the damping cylinder. The piston disk divides the internal chamber of the damping cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber. An air hole is opened on the piston disk, and the air hole is used to connect the first chamber and the second chamber. A shielding member is provided on the damping rod, and the shielding member is used to open or close the air hole.

6. The steel box girder hoisting device for construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shielding member is in sealing contact with the surface opposite to the piston disc, and the shielding member can rotate relative to the piston disc to open or close the air hole.

7. The steel box girder hoisting device for construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: A third chamber coaxial with the damping rod is formed inside the damping rod, and a piston cylinder is slidably arranged in the third chamber, one end of the piston cylinder is opened and the other end is closed, and a driving medium is introduced into the third chamber, and the driving medium is used to make the piston cylinder slide along the third chamber; a column is provided on the shielding member, and the column is inserted into the end of the piston cylinder with an opening, and a spiral groove is provided on the outer circumference of the column, and a bayonet is provided on the inner wall of the piston cylinder, and the bayonet slides along the spiral groove.

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