Anti-cracking reinforced concrete pipe piece component

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pipe pieces, and discloses an anti-cracking reinforced concrete pipe piece component which comprises a base body layer, a functional layer and a waterproof layer. Wherein the functional layer is composed of composite fiber reinforced resin mortar, the anti-cracking performance of the duct piece can be effectively improved, and generation and expansion of cracks are reduced; anti-skid textures are arranged between the matrix layer and the functional layer, so that the interlayer binding force is enhanced, the interface adhesiveness is improved, and the problems of interlayer stripping and layering caused by factors such as long-term load and temperature and humidity change are prevented; and the waterproof layer adopts a nano waterproof coating, so that the water penetration resistance of the duct piece is enhanced, the duct piece has good aging resistance, and cracking and failure of a traditional waterproof layer caused by environmental factors are avoided. By optimizing the materials and the structure, the overall performance of the duct piece is improved, the duct piece has remarkable advantages in the aspects of crack resistance, interlayer binding force and waterproof durability, the duct piece can adapt to the complex underground engineering environment, and the service life of the duct piece is effectively prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pipe segments, in particular to a crack-resistant reinforced concrete pipe segment component. Background Art

[0002] Reinforced concrete segments, as important load-bearing components in underground projects, are widely used in infrastructure construction such as tunnels, subways, and drainage pipes. Reinforced concrete segments are usually composed of a base layer and a functional layer. Their main functions are to withstand the pressure of the surrounding rock, provide stable support, and ensure the safety of the tunnel structure. During long-term use, reinforced concrete segments often face multiple problems such as cracks, interlayer separation, and waterproof failure. These problems seriously affect the durability, service life, and overall safety of the segments. With the continuous expansion of the scale of underground engineering construction, the requirements for segments are gradually tending towards higher strength, toughness, and water resistance. However, existing reinforced concrete segments still have significant deficiencies in terms of crack resistance, interlayer bonding, and waterproof performance.

[0003] First, the crack resistance design of traditional reinforced concrete segments primarily enhances their load-bearing capacity by increasing the strength of the concrete or improving the steel reinforcement ratio. However, this approach has certain limitations. Although the tensile strength of the segments is enhanced by increasing the strength of the concrete, the brittleness of the concrete also increases, making it more likely for microcracks to form under external stress and gradually expand into through-cracks. Even if the crack resistance of the segments is enhanced by increasing the amount of steel reinforcement, it is still difficult to effectively prevent the generation and expansion of cracks, especially under conditions of uneven stress or drastic changes in temperature and humidity. At the same time, excessively increasing the amount of steel reinforcement not only increases production costs but may also lead to local stress concentration due to improper steel arrangement, thereby exacerbating crack propagation. Therefore, relying solely on traditional materials and structural design to improve the crack resistance of the segments is very limited.

[0004] Secondly, the functional layer commonly used in existing technologies is usually composed of ordinary resin mortar. However, the bonding between the base layer and the functional layer is often weak. Long-term loads and environmental changes can easily lead to delamination or peeling between the two, seriously affecting the overall structural stability of the segment. Specifically, with the influence of factors such as environmental humidity and temperature changes and freeze-thaw cycles, the bonding between the base layer and the functional layer gradually decreases, leading to interlayer peeling and the expansion of cracks in the segment. Most existing surface treatment technologies have failed to effectively address this problem, resulting in insufficient durability of the functional layer, which in turn affects the long-term performance and structural safety of the segment.

[0005] Finally, traditional reinforced concrete segment waterproofing technologies mostly use polyurethane coatings. While this material provides good waterproofing in the short term, it is prone to aging, cracking, and peeling in long-term, hot and humid environments. This waterproofing layer has poor durability and is unable to withstand the long-term environmental demands of underground projects. Over time, the effectiveness of traditional waterproofing layers gradually diminishes, allowing water to penetrate the segment interior, causing corrosion of the steel bars and deterioration of the concrete, thus compromising the structural stability of the entire segment. Therefore, existing waterproofing technologies are unable to meet the long-term waterproofing requirements of underground projects.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention proposes a crack-resistant reinforced concrete segment component to address the deficiencies of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a crack-resistant reinforced concrete segment component, which solves the deficiencies of traditional reinforced concrete segments in terms of crack resistance, interlayer bonding strength and waterproof performance, and improves the durability and service life of the segments.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a crack-resistant reinforced concrete segment component, comprising: The segment body is composed of a base layer, a functional layer and a surface layer in sequence; The base layer is made of ordinary concrete; The functional layer is located on the base layer and is made of composite fiber reinforced resin mortar; The surface layer is located on the surface of the base layer and is composed of a nano waterproof coating.

[0009] Preferably, the base layer has a thickness of 48 mm to 52 mm, and the functional layer has a thickness of 8 mm to 12 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the composite fiber reinforced resin mortar comprises 1 to 3 parts of chopped carbon fibers and 100 to 120 parts of epoxy modified polyurethane resin in parts by mass, and the length of the chopped carbon fibers is 5 mm to 7 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the nano waterproof coating comprises, by mass, 40 to 50 parts of organic silane-based aqueous emulsion, 30 to 40 parts of nano waterproof particles, and 5 to 10 parts of reinforcing agent.

[0012] Preferably, the organic silane-based aqueous emulsion is a silane emulsion, the particle size of the nano waterproof particles is 10 nm to 100 nm, and the reinforcing agent is polyurethane or epoxy resin.

[0013] Preferably, a steel grid is provided in the base layer to enhance the overall structural strength of the segment body.

[0014] Preferably, the steel mesh is made of threaded steel, and the diameter of the steel bars in the steel mesh is 8 to 12 mm.

[0015] Preferably, an anti-slip texture is provided between the base layer and the functional layer to ensure that the two layers are tightly combined and not easily separated.

[0016] Preferably, the splicing surface of the tube segment body is provided with a raised column and a groove, and the raised column cooperates with the groove when two tube segment bodies are spliced ​​together.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a crack-resistant reinforced concrete segment component, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: Mold preparation: clean and lubricate the segment mold to ensure that the inner surface of the mold is free of impurities; Install the steel mesh: fix the steel mesh inside the mold according to the predetermined position; Casting base layer: pouring concrete into the mold and vibrating to compact it; Forming anti-slip texture: before the initial setting of the base layer, an anti-slip texture is formed on the surface opposite to the functional layer; Laying the functional layer: Before the base layer finally sets, evenly lay the composite fiber reinforced resin mortar on its surface to ensure that it fits the anti-slip texture; Spraying surface: spraying nano waterproof coating evenly on the functional layer; Curing and demoulding: The segments are subjected to standard curing until they reach the designed strength, then demoulded and quality inspected.

[0018] The present invention provides a crack-resistant reinforced concrete segment component. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention utilizes composite fiber-reinforced resin mortar as the functional layer material, combined with chopped carbon fibers and epoxy-modified polyurethane resin, achieving the technical effect of significantly improving crack resistance and extending the service life of the segments. Compared to conventional solutions using only ordinary resin mortar, the addition of composite fibers effectively enhances the structural strength of the resin mortar, ensuring that the segments are less susceptible to cracking under high-load, dynamic conditions, and addressing the strength and crack resistance shortcomings of traditional materials.

[0019] 2. This invention strengthens interlayer bonding and prevents delamination by designing a non-slip texture between the base layer and the functional layer. Unlike the smooth layer interface commonly found in existing technologies, this non-slip design enhances adhesion between the two layers, preventing the functional layer from falling off or separating due to external forces or long-term use, significantly improving the overall structural stability and durability of the segment.

[0020] 3. This invention utilizes a nano-waterproof coating as the surface layer, combined with an organosilane-based aqueous emulsion and nano-waterproof particles, significantly improving the waterproofness and penetration resistance of the pipe segment. Compared to traditional waterproof coatings, the nano-coating is more resistant to aging and provides a long-lasting waterproof effect. This design overcomes the problem of waterproof failure caused by aging and wear of conventional waterproof coatings, ensuring that the pipe segment maintains excellent watertightness over long-term use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the groove structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the raised column structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the pipe segment body of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the tube segment body of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the steel grid structure of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention.

[0022] Among them, 1. Segment body; 2. Base layer; 3. Functional layer; 4. Surface layer; 5. Raised column; 6. Groove; 7. Steel grid; 8. Anti-slip texture. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the present specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 The present invention provides a crack-resistant reinforced concrete segment component, comprising: The segment body 1 is composed of a base layer 2, a functional layer 3 and a surface layer 4 in sequence; the base layer 2 is made of ordinary concrete; the functional layer 3 is located on the base layer 2 and is made of composite fiber reinforced resin mortar; the surface layer 4 is located on the surface of the base layer 2 and is composed of a nano waterproof coating; the thickness of the base layer 2 is 48mm to 52mm, and the thickness of the functional layer 3 is 8mm to 12mm; the composite fiber reinforced resin mortar comprises, by weight, 1 to 3 parts of chopped carbon fibers and 100 to 120 parts of epoxy modified polyurethane resin, and the length of the chopped carbon fibers is 5mm to 7mm; the nano waterproof coating comprises, by weight, 40 to 50 parts of organic silane-based aqueous emulsion, 30 to 40 parts of nano waterproof particles, and 5 to 10 parts of reinforcing agent; the organic silane-based aqueous emulsion is a silane emulsion, the particle size of the nano waterproof particles is 10nm to 100nm, and the reinforcing agent is polyurethane or epoxy resin.

[0025] The segment body 1 is composed of three parts in sequence: a base layer 2, a functional layer 3 and a surface layer 4. The design structure of the segment gives it strong comprehensive performance, enabling it to adapt to different loads and complex environmental changes, thereby improving the service life and stability of the segment.

[0026] The base layer 2 is made of ordinary concrete, with a thickness ranging from 48mm to 52mm. This layer is primarily responsible for the load-bearing capacity and strength of the segment. Ordinary concrete, as a base material, not only offers high strength but also effectively resists external pressure and impact. The optimal thickness of the base layer ensures the segment's strength and stability, enabling it to operate reliably in a variety of complex environments.

[0027] Functional layer 3 is located on top of base layer 2 and is made of composite fiber-reinforced resin mortar with a thickness of 8mm to 12mm. This functional layer improves the crack resistance and fatigue resistance of the pipe segment through the use of composite materials, reducing cracks or damage caused by external forces or environmental changes during use. The formula of composite fiber-reinforced resin mortar is as follows: 1 to 3 parts of chopped carbon fiber, with a length of 5mm to 7mm. The chopped carbon fiber is used as a reinforcement material to significantly improve the tensile strength and crack resistance of the resin mortar. Epoxy modified polyurethane resin: 100-120 parts. The resin acts as a matrix material and can form a strong bonding structure, enhancing overall toughness and adhesion.

[0028] The use of this composite material greatly enhances the crack resistance of the pipe segments and can extend their service life.

[0029] The surface layer 4 is located on the surface of the base layer 2 and is composed of a nano-waterproof coating. The nano-waterproof coating not only provides excellent waterproof performance, but also has excellent weather resistance and anti-permeability. The coating formula, calculated by weight, includes: Organosilane-based aqueous emulsion: 40-50 parts. Organosilane-based aqueous emulsion has excellent waterproof properties, can effectively prevent water penetration and enhance the adhesion of the coating.

[0030] Nano waterproof particles: 30-40 parts. Nano particles have extremely fine particle size of 10nm-100nm, which can penetrate and fill the tiny pores on the surface of concrete, thereby enhancing the waterproof effect.

[0031] Reinforcer: 5 to 10 parts. Reinforcer is usually polyurethane or epoxy resin, which can improve the adhesion and wear resistance of the coating, making the coating less likely to peel off during long-term use.

[0032] The setting of this nano waterproof coating makes the surface of the pipe segment more resistant to water penetration and durable, solving the problem of easy aging and peeling of the surface coating of traditional pipe segments, and is particularly suitable for use in humid and underwater environments.

[0033] Through the structural optimization of the three-layer design of base layer, functional layer and surface layer, the segment has high comprehensive performance: Bearing capacity: The base layer provides the necessary bearing capacity and strength to ensure the long-term use of the segment under high loads and complex environments.

[0034] Crack resistance: The composite fiber reinforced resin mortar in the functional layer, especially the addition of carbon fiber, significantly improves the crack resistance and avoids the occurrence of cracks.

[0035] Waterproofness: The nano-waterproof coating on the surface effectively prevents water penetration, protects the pipe segments from water damage, and extends their service life.

[0036] See also Figure 5 Two steel grids 7 are provided in the base layer 2 to enhance the overall structural strength of the segment body 1. The steel grids 7 are made of threaded steel, and the diameter of the steel bars in the steel grids 7 is 8 to 12 mm.

[0037] The main function of the steel mesh 7 is to enhance the overall structural strength of the segment body 1, ensuring that the segment can evenly distribute the external force when subjected to stress, and avoid local excessive stress resulting in damage; The steel mesh 7 is made of high-strength threaded steel with a diameter of 8 to 12 mm. This choice of steel effectively improves the tensile and flexural strength of the segment. Threaded steel has a high bonding strength and can fully bond with concrete, enhancing the overall structural strength of the segment. This is particularly effective in preventing cracking caused by environmental pressure or heavy loads during long-term use. The use of two steel meshes enhances the stability of the segment under complex stress conditions, preventing damage due to structural defects and improving the crack resistance and durability of the segment compared to traditional single-layer steel structures.

[0038] See also Figure 4 An anti-slip texture 8 is provided between the base layer 2 and the functional layer 3 to ensure that the two layers are tightly combined and not easily separated.

[0039] The anti-slip texture design allows the two layers to be tightly bonded, preventing delamination or peeling. The anti-slip texture 8 is formed through a special process that can process the surface of the base layer 2 into a form with a micro-concave and convex structure before it is fully cured, thereby increasing the adhesion between the base layer 2 and the functional layer 3. This design allows the functional layer 3 to form a stable bond on the surface of the base layer 2, avoiding the problem of separation of the two layers that may be caused by traditional smooth surfaces, and ensuring that the composite material structure will not delaminate, crack or split during long-term use. The setting of this anti-slip texture not only improves the adhesion between the two layers, but also enhances the overall performance of the pipe segment under extreme climates, vibrations and loads, and enhances the durability of the pipe segment.

[0040] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 The splicing surface of the segment body 1 is provided with a raised column 5 and a groove 6. When two segment bodies 1 are spliced ​​together, the raised column 5 cooperates with the groove 6.

[0041] Through the cooperation of the raised column 5 and the groove 6, the precise splicing and tight combination of the pipe segments are achieved. In actual use, the pipe segment body 1 often requires multiple units to be connected and spliced ​​to form a complete pipeline system. The design of the raised column 5 and the groove 6 allows each two pipe segment bodies 1 to be spliced ​​together, and the special shape of the structure can be used to ensure the stability and sealing of the splicing interface. Through this design, not only the stability between the pipe segments is enhanced, but also the problems of misalignment, looseness or leakage of the pipe segments during transportation and installation are effectively avoided. The structural design of the raised column 5 and the groove 6 ensures that the pipe segments are easier to install, and the overall structure after splicing can better withstand the pressure and external environmental factors during pipeline operation, effectively reducing the joint problems of the pipe segments during long-term use and improving the anti-penetration ability of the entire pipeline system.

[0042] See also Figure 6 The present invention also provides a method for preparing a crack-resistant reinforced concrete segment component, comprising the following steps: S1. Mould preparation: Clean and lubricate the segment mould to ensure that the inner surface of the mould is free of impurities; S2, installing the steel mesh frame 7: fixing the steel mesh frame 7 inside the mold according to the predetermined position; S3, pouring base layer 2: pouring concrete into the mold and vibrating and compacting it; S4, forming an anti-slip texture 8: before the initial setting of the base layer 2, an anti-slip texture 8 is formed on the surface opposite to the functional layer 3; S5. Laying the functional layer 3: Before the base layer 2 is finally set, evenly lay the composite fiber reinforced resin mortar on its surface to ensure that it fits the anti-slip texture 8; S6, spraying surface layer 4: spraying nano waterproof coating evenly on functional layer 3; S7, Curing and Demoulding: Perform standard curing on the segments until they reach the designed strength, then demould and conduct quality inspection; For step S1, the segment mold must first be cleaned to ensure that there is no dust, impurities, oil or other residues on the inner surface of the mold. During the cleaning process, appropriate tools, such as a brush or compressed air, should be used to thoroughly clean the inner surface of the mold to ensure that there is no substance that affects the surface quality of the segment. Next, in order to prevent the concrete from sticking to the mold, an appropriate amount of lubricant needs to be applied to the inner surface of the mold. The lubricant can effectively prevent the concrete from sticking to the mold, ensuring smooth demoulding of the segment, while ensuring a smooth surface of the segment and reducing damage during demoulding; In step S2, after the mold surface is cleaned and lubricated, the steel mesh 7 is precisely fixed inside the mold according to the design drawings. The steel mesh 7 should be placed according to the predetermined position and orientation to ensure that the steel bars are evenly distributed during the concrete pouring process and provide sufficient strength. The arrangement of the steel mesh 7 must ensure that it strengthens the overall structure of the segment and prevents cracking or deformation of the segment due to external forces. During installation, the mesh should be ensured not to shift and is firmly fixed to avoid errors during construction.

[0043] In step S3, after the steel mesh 7 is installed, concrete is poured into the mold to cast the base layer 2. The concrete must meet design requirements for strength and durability to ensure that the base layer 2 can withstand long-term loads. After pouring the concrete, a vibration compaction process is performed using a vibrator to compact the concrete, eliminating air bubbles and voids and ensuring its density and uniformity. This step ensures the strength and stability of the base layer 2, providing a solid foundation for the subsequent laying of the functional layer 3.

[0044] During the initial setting phase of the base layer 2 in step S4, an anti-slip texture 8 is formed on the surface of the base layer 2 opposite to the functional layer 3. At this point, the concrete has begun to develop initial strength but still retains a certain degree of plasticity, making it suitable for texture formation. The anti-slip texture 8 can be created by pressing a specific texture onto the surface of the base layer 2 using a texture roller, mold, or other pressing tool. The depth and shape of the texture should be adjusted according to the requirements of the segment's operating environment to enhance the bond between the two layers and prevent subsequent layers from separating or flaking.

[0045] In step S5, when the base layer 2 has completed initial setting and has achieved sufficient strength, the composite fiber-reinforced resin mortar is laid as the functional layer 3. This functional layer 3 should be laid before the base layer 2 has reached final setting to ensure a close bond with the anti-slip texture 8. The resin mortar should be evenly applied to the surface of the base layer 2, ensuring that there are no defects such as bubbles or cracks, and that the thickness meets the design requirements. In this way, the functional layer 3 effectively enhances the crack resistance and impact resistance of the segment, improving the overall durability and service life of the segment.

[0046] After the functional layer 3 is laid in step S6, the nano-waterproof coating surface layer 4 is evenly sprayed onto its surface. The spraying process ensures uniform and complete coverage, avoiding gaps and uneven thickness. The nano-waterproof coating has excellent water resistance, effectively preventing moisture from penetrating the interior of the segment, thereby improving the segment's waterproofing and weather resistance. This coating also enhances the segment's aging resistance, ensuring it is less susceptible to environmental influences and failure during long-term use.

[0047] After all the processes in step S7 are completed, the segments need to undergo standard curing to ensure that they are cured under appropriate temperature and humidity conditions and reach the designed strength. During the curing period, the segments need to be kept moderately moist to prevent water from evaporating too quickly and affecting the curing quality. After the curing period, when the segments reach the designed strength, demoulding can be performed. Care should be taken during the demoulding process to avoid damaging the surface or structure of the segments. Finally, the demoulded segments are quality inspected to check various indicators such as the size, surface quality, and strength of the segments to ensure that each segment meets the design requirements and quality standards.

[0048] Example 1 Implementation steps: Mold preparation: clean and lubricate the segment mold to ensure there is no impurities inside the mold; Install the steel mesh 7: Accurately install two layers of steel mesh 7 inside the mold, using 8mm diameter threaded steel. The steel mesh 7 should be flat and tightly arranged to ensure enhanced structural strength; Casting base layer 2: pour concrete with a mix ratio of cement: sand: stone = 1:2:3 and vibrate to compact; Forming the anti-slip texture: Before the initial setting of the base layer 2, use a texture roller to create an anti-slip texture on the surface of the base layer 2 with uniform density. Laying the functional layer 3: Before the final setting of the base layer, lay the composite fiber-reinforced resin mortar. 1 part chopped carbon fiber, 100 parts epoxy-modified polyurethane resin, resin thickness 5mm, to ensure complete coverage of the anti-slip texture and tight bonding between layers. Spraying surface layer 4: Evenly spray the nano waterproof coating on the surface of functional layer 3. The coating formula is: 40 parts of organic silane-based water-based emulsion, 30 parts of nano waterproof particles, and 5 parts of enhancer to ensure uniform coating; Curing and demoulding: Curing for 14 days, keeping it moist, and demoulding after the segment reaches the designed strength.

[0049] Example 2 Implementation steps: Mold preparation: clean the mold, apply lubricant, and ensure there are no impurities; Install the steel mesh 7: accurately install two layers of steel mesh 7 inside the mold. The diameter of the rebar is 12mm and they are arranged in a staggered manner. Casting base layer 2: Use the standard ratio of cement to sand and gravel (1:2.3) to cast base layer 2, and vibrate to compact it to ensure the density of base layer 2; Forming anti-slip texture: During the initial setting stage of the base layer, a special mold is used to form an anti-slip texture with uniform arrangement of the textures; Laying functional layer 3: Laying composite fiber reinforced resin mortar with the following resin ratio: 3 parts chopped carbon fiber and 120 parts epoxy modified polyurethane resin, ensuring full contact between the resin and the anti-slip texture of the base layer 2; Spraying surface layer 4: Spraying nano waterproof coating on surface layer 4, formula: 50 parts of organic silane-based water-based emulsion, 40 parts of nano waterproof particles, and 10 parts of enhancer; Curing and demoulding: Carry out standard curing for 14 days, keep it moist, and demould after the strength of the pipe segment reaches the design standard.

[0050] Example 3: Implementation steps: Mold preparation: Clean the segment mold, apply an appropriate amount of lubricant, and ensure the inner surface of the mold is smooth; Install the steel mesh 7: The steel mesh 7 uses threaded steel with a diameter of 10 mm and is installed in the middle of the base layer 2 to ensure its density is moderate and enhance the structural stability of the segment; Casting base layer 2: Use cement: sand: stone = 1:2:3 ratio to cast base layer 2, vibrate and compact to ensure the uniformity of concrete; Forming anti-slip texture: Before the initial solidification of the base layer 2, a pressing tool is used to form an anti-slip texture with a reasonable texture layout to enhance surface friction; Laying functional layer 3: Laying composite fiber reinforced resin mortar, the resin mortar ratio is: 2 parts of chopped carbon fiber, 110 parts of epoxy modified polyurethane resin, ensuring good contact with the anti-slip texture; Spraying surface layer 4: Spraying nano waterproof coating on the surface, the ratio is: 45 parts of organic silane-based water-based emulsion, 35 parts of nano waterproof particles, and 7 parts of enhancer; Curing and demoulding: The curing period is 14 days. Maintain appropriate humidity and demould after the segment reaches the designed strength.

[0051] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 1, there is no anti-slip texture design, and other preparation processes and formulas are the same.

[0052] Comparative Example 2 Compared with Example 2, a traditional waterproof coating, such as a polyurethane waterproof coating, is used, and other preparation processes and formulas are the same.

[0053] Comparative Example 3 Compared with Example 3, conventional ordinary resin mortar was used as the functional layer, no composite fiber material was added, and other preparation processes and formulas were the same.

[0054] Experiment 1 Experimental steps: Sample preparation: Six segment samples were prepared, namely S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, and S6. S1, S2, and S3 were prepared according to the formulation and process of Example 1, while S4, S5, and S6 were prepared according to the formulation and process of Comparative Example 1. The samples were of the same size and quality.

[0055] Test method and test frequency: The samples were placed in a high temperature aging box (70°C, humidity 85%).

[0056] After removal, adhesion test and peel test are performed to evaluate whether delamination, cracking or peeling occurs.

[0057] 1. Adhesion test (pull-off test) Purpose: To test the bonding strength between the base layer 2 and the functional layer 3 and to quantify the effect of the anti-slip texture 8 on the bonding between the layers.

[0058] Test standard: According to GB / T5210-2006 (testing adhesion by pull-off method).

[0059] Test method: Use a pull-out tester (such as an electronic universal testing machine), fix the base layer 2, and stick a standard pull-out head on the top layer of the functional layer 3.

[0060] A vertical tensile force was applied, and the maximum tensile force (unit: MPa) required to peel the top layer of the functional layer 3 from the base layer 2 was measured.

[0061] Number of tests: Each group was tested 5 times and the average value was taken.

[0062] 2. Peel strength test (180° peel test) Purpose: To measure the effect of anti-slip texture 8 on the peel resistance of coatings.

[0063] Test standard: in accordance with GB / T2790-1995 (adhesive 180° peel test).

[0064] Test method: Stick a standard peel test tape on the sample.

[0065] The functional layer was peeled off at an angle of 180° using an electronic stretching machine, and the required peeling force (unit: N / cm) was measured.

[0066] Number of tests: Each group was tested 5 times and the average value was taken.

[0067] Experimental data: Table 1: Test results of adhesion and peel strength of 8 anti-slip textures Experimental analysis Pull-out strength (MPa): The samples with anti-slip texture (S1, S2, S3) had higher pull-out strength (2.5-2.7 MPa), indicating stronger adhesion.

[0068] The samples without anti-slip texture 8 (S4, S5, S6) had lower pull-out strength (1.8-2.0 MPa), indicating weaker adhesion, which may be due to the lack of the reinforcing effect of anti-slip texture 8.

[0069] Peel strength (N / cm): The samples with anti-slip texture 8 (S1, S2, S3) had higher peel strength (3.2-3.4 N / cm), indicating that the anti-slip texture 8 significantly enhanced the peeling resistance of the coating.

[0070] The samples without the anti-slip texture 8 (S4, S5, S6) have lower peeling strengths (2.1-2.3 N / cm), indicating that the coating is more likely to peel off without the anti-slip texture 8.

[0071] Inter-layer changes: The samples with anti-slip texture 8 (S1, S2, S3) did not show delamination or peeling during the aging process, indicating that the interlayer bonding was strong and the anti-slip texture played a role in enhancing the interlayer bonding.

[0072] The samples without anti-slip texture (S4, S5, and S6) showed slight delamination and peeling during the aging process, indicating that their interlayer bonding was weak and easily affected by the external environment.

[0073] Experimental Conclusion The anti-slip texture 8 significantly improves the adhesion and peeling strength of the coating, and enhances the bonding force between the base layer 2 and the functional layer 3.

[0074] The sample without anti-slip texture 8 has weak adhesion and low peel strength, and is prone to delamination or peeling in high temperature and humidity environments.

[0075] The anti-slip texture 8 design helps to improve the durability of the coating and can enhance the coating's anti-aging and anti-peeling properties.

[0076] Experiment 2 Experimental steps: Sample preparation: Six segment samples were prepared, namely 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. 1, 2, and 3 were prepared according to the formula and process of Example 2, and 4, 5, and 6 were prepared according to the formula and process of Comparative Example 2. The sample size and quality were consistent.

[0077] Immersion test: The sample is completely immersed in water at room temperature for long-term water resistance test.

[0078] The samples were taken out for inspection and measurement after immersion for 7 days, 14 days and 28 days. After each immersion, the mass of the samples was measured before and after immersion with a precision balance to calculate the water absorption rate.

[0079] Weight change (water absorption): Among them, m 最终 is the mass of the sample after immersion, m 初始 is the mass of the sample before immersion.

[0080] Hydrostatic pressure penetration test: Apply water pressures of 0.2MPa, 0.5MPa, and 1.0MPa to each sample, maintain each level of pressure for 30 minutes, check whether water seepage occurs, and evaluate its waterproof ability.

[0081] Experimental data: Table 2: Long-term water resistance test results of different waterproof coatings Water absorption rate: The water absorption rate of the sample of Example 2 (improved waterproof coating) is relatively low (2.3% to 2.6%), indicating that its waterproof coating can effectively inhibit the penetration of water.

[0082] The samples of Comparative Example 2 (traditional waterproof coating) have a higher water absorption rate (4.7% to 5.1%), indicating that the waterproof effect of the traditional waterproof coating is poor and it is easy to absorb water.

[0083] Changes in waterproof coating: The waterproof coating of Example 2 showed no obvious changes after long-term immersion, indicating that its coating had strong stability.

[0084] The waterproof coating of Comparative Example 2 showed slight discoloration after 28 days, and cracks and bubbles appeared on the coating surface, indicating aging and failure of the waterproof coating.

[0085] Water seepage: The sample of Example 2 did not experience water seepage under different water pressures (0.2 MPa, 0.5 MPa, and 1.0 MPa), indicating that its waterproof ability remained stable after long-term immersion.

[0086] The sample of Comparative Example 2 showed obvious water seepage under higher water pressure (0.5 MPa, 1.0 MPa), indicating that its waterproof effect was poor and it was easy to fail after long-term immersion.

[0087] The improved waterproof coating (Example 2) has significant water resistance and can effectively prevent moisture penetration. It is suitable for structures with high long-term waterproofing requirements, such as underground projects, tunnels, subways, etc.

[0088] The traditional waterproof coating (Comparative Example 2) showed poor waterproofing performance under long-term immersion, with high water absorption, and the coating was prone to aging, cracking, and water seepage. Therefore, it is recommended to avoid using traditional waterproof coatings in projects with high waterproof performance requirements.

[0089] Experiment 3 Experimental steps: Sample preparation: Six segment samples were prepared, namely 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Segments 1, 2, and 3 were prepared according to the formula and process of Example 3, while segments 4, 5, and 6 were prepared according to the formula and process of Comparative Example 3. The samples were of the same size and quality.

[0090] Loading test: Use a four-point bending loading tester for loading, with a loading rate of 5 mm / min and gradually increasing the load.

[0091] After the specimen cracked, the loading continued until the specimen was completely destroyed.

[0092] Record the load at which the specimen first cracks and the crack extension.

[0093] Detection method: Crack formation test: Use a high-precision crack measuring instrument to record the crack width to ensure the accuracy of the test data.

[0094] Crack extension test: Continuously load and monitor crack extension, recording crack depth and number.

[0095] Load-crack relationship test: By loading data, draw a load-crack extension relationship curve to observe the crack extension of different samples.

[0096] Number of tests: Initial test: When the load reaches 20% of the design load, check whether the sample has cracks. First test time: The first test is carried out when the load reaches 20% of the design load.

[0097] Subsequent testing: Crack development testing is performed every time the design load increases by 20% until the cracks eventually expand or the sample is destroyed.

[0098] Subsequent testing time: When the load reaches 20% of each increment (40%, 60%, 80%, 100%), the state of the crack is recorded and relevant measurements are performed.

[0099] Experimental data: Table 3: Crack resistance test data record The experimental results show that Example 3, containing chopped carbon fibers, exhibits significantly enhanced crack resistance compared to conventional resin mortar. Both the initial load and crack growth rate demonstrated the superior crack resistance of composite fiber materials. The lower crack growth rate and smaller crack width in Example 3 demonstrate the key role of chopped carbon fibers in slowing crack growth.

[0100] The addition of carbon fibers significantly improves the mechanical properties of resin mortar. Whenever cracks begin to form, the pulling action of the carbon fibers acts as a stress disperser and bridge, effectively slowing their further expansion. While conventional resin mortar cracks rapidly when subjected to concentrated stress, composite fiber mortar reduces the width and number of cracks through the fiber's reinforcement.

[0101] These results further demonstrate the positive impact of chopped carbon fiber on the strength and toughness of materials, particularly in long-term stress-bearing structures like segments, significantly extending their service life. By controlling the formation and propagation of cracks, this not only improves the durability of the material but also effectively enhances the overall safety of the segments.

[0102] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Anti-cracking reinforced concrete segment component, characterized in that: include: A tube segment body (1), wherein the tube segment body (1) is composed of a base layer (2), a functional layer (3) and a surface layer (4) in sequence; The base layer (2) is made of ordinary concrete; The functional layer (3) is located on the base layer (2) and is made of composite fiber reinforced resin mortar; The surface layer (4) is located on the surface of the base layer (2) and is composed of a nano waterproof coating.

2. The crack-resistant reinforced concrete segment member according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the base layer (2) is 48 mm to 52 mm, and the thickness of the functional layer (3) is 8 mm to 12 mm.

3. The crack-resistant reinforced concrete segment member according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite fiber reinforced resin mortar comprises 1 to 3 parts of chopped carbon fibers and 100 to 120 parts of epoxy modified polyurethane resin in parts by mass. The length of the chopped carbon fibers is 5 mm to 7 mm.

4. The crack-resistant reinforced concrete segment member according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano waterproof coating comprises, by weight, 40 to 50 parts of organic silane-based aqueous emulsion, 30 to 40 parts of nano waterproof particles, and 5 to 10 parts of reinforcing agent.

5. The crack-resistant reinforced concrete segment member according to claim 4, characterized in that: The organic silane-based aqueous emulsion is a silane emulsion, the particle size of the nano waterproof particles is 10nm to 100nm, and the reinforcing agent is polyurethane or epoxy resin.

6. The crack-resistant reinforced concrete segment member according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two steel mesh frames (7) are provided in the base layer (2) to enhance the overall structural strength of the segment body 1.

7. The crack-resistant reinforced concrete segment member according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steel mesh frame (7) is made of threaded steel, and the diameter of the steel bars in the steel mesh frame (7) is 8 to 12 mm.

8. The crack-resistant reinforced concrete segment member according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-slip texture (8) is provided between the base layer (2) and the functional layer (3) to ensure that the two layers are tightly combined and not easily separated.

9. The crack-resistant reinforced concrete segment member according to claim 1, characterized in that: The splicing surface of the tube segment body (1) is provided with a raised column (5) and a groove (6), and the raised column (5) and the groove (6) cooperate when two tube segment bodies (1) are spliced ​​together.

10. A method for preparing a crack-resistant reinforced concrete segment component, the crack-resistant reinforced concrete segment component according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Mold preparation: clean and lubricate the segment mold to ensure that the inner surface of the mold is free of impurities; Installing the steel mesh frame (7): fixing the steel mesh frame (7) inside the mold according to a predetermined position; Casting the base layer (2): pouring the concrete into the mold and vibrating and compacting it; Forming an anti-slip texture (8): before the base layer (2) initially solidifies, forming an anti-slip texture (8) on the surface opposite to the functional layer (3); Laying the functional layer (3): Before the base layer (2) is finally set, evenly lay the composite fiber reinforced resin mortar on its surface to ensure that it fits the anti-slip texture (8); Spraying the surface layer (4): spraying the nano waterproof coating evenly on the functional layer (3); Curing and demoulding: The segments are subjected to standard curing until they reach the designed strength, then demoulded and quality inspected.

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