High-efficiency charcoal preparation device and preparation process

Abstract

The high-efficiency charcoal preparation device comprises a carbonization furnace body, the carbonization furnace body is provided with a combustion cavity and a preparation cavity, the preparation cavity is provided with a partition plate, the partition plate divides the preparation cavity into a first carbonization area and a second carbonization area, and the partition plate rotates on the cavity wall of the preparation cavity; a partition plate is arranged in the carbonization furnace body, the rotating axis of the partition plate is the axis of the carbonization furnace body, the partition plate is connected with a first bottom plate and a second bottom plate, the first bottom plate is located in the first carbonization area, the second bottom plate is located in the second carbonization area, and the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate are used for placing materials. The carbonization furnace is provided with the first carbonization area and the second carbonization area, the first carbonization area is used for heating and carbonizing to-be-carbonized firewood bars, the second carbonization area is used for containing the to-be-carbonized firewood bars, the to-be-carbonized firewood bars are preheated through waste heat, the carbonization furnace is made to conduct preheating, carbonization and cooling at the same time, and the effect of improving the charcoal preparation efficiency is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of charcoal preparation, and in particular to a high-efficiency charcoal preparation device and preparation process. Background Art

[0002] Charcoal, a fuel name, is the dark brown or black porous solid fuel left after incomplete combustion of wood or wood raw materials, or pyrolysis in an airtight environment.

[0003] Referring to Chinese patent number CN210855992U, a carbonization furnace is disclosed, including a furnace body, which is divided into a silo, a drying area, a retorting area and a charcoal silo from top to bottom, and also includes a spray system. The carbonization furnace can apply vaporized water mist to the wood chips in the retorting area, which can effectively control the temperature within the range of 500°C-600°C. At the same time, the applied vaporized water mist can further isolate the wood chips from oxygen, thereby improving the charcoal yield.

[0004] In actual use, after the charcoal is prepared, it needs to be cooled and taken out from the carbonization furnace. During the cooling process, the carbonization furnace is occupied, which reduces the efficiency of the carbonization furnace in preparing charcoal, and needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the efficiency of charcoal preparation, the present application provides a high-efficiency charcoal preparation device and preparation process.

[0006] This application provides a high-efficiency charcoal preparation device, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A high-efficiency charcoal preparation device includes a carbonization furnace body, the carbonization furnace body is provided with a combustion chamber and a preparation chamber, the preparation chamber is provided with a partition plate, the partition plate divides the preparation chamber into carbonization zone 1 and carbonization zone 2, the partition plate rotates on the preparation chamber wall, the rotation axis of the partition plate is the axis of the carbonization furnace body, the partition plate is connected to bottom plate 1 and bottom plate 2, the bottom plate 1 is located in carbonization zone 1, the bottom plate 2 is located in carbonization zone 2, and the bottom plate 1 and bottom plate 2 are used for material placement.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, carbonization zone one and carbonization zone two are set. In actual use, carbonization zone one is used for heating and carbonizing the firewood sticks to be carbonized, and carbonization zone two is used for placing the firewood sticks to be carbonized, and preheating the firewood sticks to be carbonized is performed by waste heat. When the carbonization of the firewood sticks in carbonization zone one is completed, the partition plate is rotated to rotate the carbonization zone two to above the combustion chamber, and the firewood sticks in the carbonization zone two are carbonized, and the charcoal carbonized in the carbonization zone one is cooled. Since the temperature of the carbonization zone one is lower than that of the carbonization zone two after the rotation of the partition plate, the charcoal in the carbonization zone one is slowly cooled. When the temperature drops to a certain level, the charcoal is taken out and new firewood sticks are put in. In this way, the carbonization furnace can perform multiple operations of preheating, carbonization and cooling at the same time, thereby improving the efficiency of charcoal preparation.

[0009] Optionally, the carbonization furnace body is provided with a feed port, which is connected to the preparation chamber. The carbonization furnace body is provided with an ash discharge trough, which is located on the side of the rotation axis of the partition plate close to the feed port. The bottom plate 1 is provided with an ash discharge hole, which passes through the bottom plate 1. The penetration direction of the ash discharge hole is vertical, and the ash discharge hole connects the ash discharge trough and the carbonization zone 1.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, some carbon ash is left in the carbonization furnace body during the carbonization process of the firewood. Since the carbonization zone one and the carbonization zone two maintain a certain temperature, it is inconvenient for the staff to take out the carbon ash from the carbonization zone one and the carbonization zone two. The carbon ash that is not taken out has been heated many times, which may reduce the original function of the carbon ash. Therefore, an ash discharge trough and an ash discharge hole are provided. When the charcoal is taken out, the carbon ash can be swept into the ash discharge trough through the ash discharge hole. In actual use, a collection box can be provided in the ash discharge trough to collect the carbon ash entering the ash discharge trough, so as to facilitate the recovery of the carbon ash.

[0011] Optionally, the bottom plate is provided with a blocking cavity, and the ash discharge hole includes a connecting hole and an arc-shaped hole, the connecting hole is located on the side of the blocking cavity away from the ash discharge groove, the connecting hole connects the carbonization zone 1 and the blocking cavity, the arc-shaped hole is located on the side of the blocking cavity close to the ash discharge groove, and the arc-shaped hole is used to connect the connecting hole; the blocking cavity is provided with a rotating plate, the rotating plate is connected to a blocking plate, the blocking plate is used to close the ash discharge hole, the blocking plate is provided with a resistance block, the resistance block passes through the arc-shaped hole, the resistance block slides along the extension direction of the arc-shaped hole, and the end of the resistance block away from the blocking plate protrudes from the ash discharge groove wall; the ash discharge groove is provided with a support rod, the support rod is located at the groove wall of the ash discharge groove close to the carbonization zone 1 at one end, and the support rod is used to limit the rotation of the rotating plate.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when the bottom plate is rotated to above the ash discharge trough, the support rod contacts the resistance block so that the resistance block moves to press against the wall of the arc hole, and the connecting hole is connected to the arc hole. At this time, the worker can sweep the carbon ash into the ash discharge trough through the ash discharge hole when taking out the charcoal. When the bottom plate is moved to above the combustion chamber, the barrier plate closes the ash discharge hole, reducing the situation where the carbon ash falls into the combustion chamber. In this way, the collection of carbon ash is facilitated.

[0013] Optionally, the blocking chamber is provided with a return spring, which is connected to the rotating plate. The elastic force of the return spring limits the rotating plate from rotating until the blocking plate closes the ash discharge hole. The blocking plate is provided with an adjusting member, which is connected to the resistance block. The adjusting member facilitates the rotation of the bottom plate.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, a reset spring is provided to facilitate the reset of the rotating plate after rotation, and by providing an adjusting member, the situation where the bottom plate 1 is affected by the support rod and stuck during rotation is reduced, thereby facilitating the rotation of the bottom plate 1.

[0015] Optionally, the adjusting member includes an adjusting spring, the blocking plate is provided with an adjusting groove, the adjusting groove is located on the side of the blocking plate close to the ash discharge groove, one end of the adjusting spring is connected to the resistance block, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the adjusting groove, the resistance block is provided with a resistance surface, the resistance surface is located at the end of the resistance block away from the adjusting spring, and the resistance surface extends in the direction away from the bottom of the adjusting groove toward the direction away from the support rod.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, an adjusting spring is provided, and the elastic force of the adjusting spring is used to limit the movement of the resistance block toward the bottom of the adjusting groove. When carbon ash needs to be collected, when the bottom plate 1 is rotated to above the ash discharge groove, the support rod resists the resistance block so that the resistance block moves to be close to the wall of the arc-shaped hole. When the bottom plate 1 needs to be rotated again, the inclined surface of the resistance block of the support rod causes the resistance block to move toward the bottom of the adjusting groove until the resistance block moves to the end of the resistance block away from the bottom of the adjusting groove and resists the upper end surface of the support rod. At this time, the bottom plate 1 can continue to move. In this way, it is convenient to take out charcoal and put in firewood sticks.

[0017] Optionally, the blocking plate is provided with a clearance hole, which passes through the blocking plate. When the interference block does not interfere with the support rod, the blocking plate closes the ash discharge hole. When the support rod pushes the interference block to interfere with the wall of the arc hole, the clearance hole connects the connecting hole and the arc hole.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, a clearance hole is set, which is used to connect the connecting hole and the arc hole. Compared with the method of staggering the blocking plate and the ash discharge hole to facilitate the carbon ash to enter the ash discharge groove, the situation of carbon ash entering the blocking cavity is reduced, which facilitates the rotation of the rotating plate.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a high-efficiency charcoal preparation process, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0020] A high-efficiency charcoal preparation process, comprising any of the above-mentioned high-efficiency charcoal preparation devices, further comprising the following steps: a. washing the raw materials and air-drying them for 2-3 days, and drying the air-dried raw materials to a moisture content of 10-16%;

[0021] b. Crush the raw materials processed in step a and perform secondary drying to a moisture content of 4-5%;

[0022] c. Feeding the raw materials processed in step b into a rod making machine to produce firewood rods at a temperature of 680-700°C;

[0023] d. Place the firewood sticks obtained in step c in the carbonization furnace body for carbonization treatment at a carbonization temperature of 800-900°C for 68-75 hours, followed by heat preservation for 48-72 hours.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, charcoal molding is facilitated, the moisture content of the raw materials is reduced through multiple drying, and the situation in which the carbonization efficiency and the charcoal yield are reduced due to excessive moisture content during the carbonization process is reduced.

[0025] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] 1. Carbonization zone 1 and carbonization zone 2 are set. Carbonization zone 1 is used for heating and carbonizing the firewood to be carbonized. Carbonization zone 2 is used to place the firewood to be carbonized and preheat the firewood to be carbonized by waste heat. When the firewood in carbonization zone 1 is carbonized, the partition plate is rotated to rotate the carbonization zone 2 to the top of the combustion chamber, and the firewood in carbonization zone 2 is carbonized. The charcoal carbonized in carbonization zone 1 is cooled. In this way, the carbonization furnace can simultaneously perform preheating, carbonization and cooling operations, thereby improving the efficiency of charcoal preparation.

[0027] 2. A support rod is provided. When the bottom plate is rotated to above the ash discharge chute, the support rod abuts against the abutment block, causing the abutment block to move tightly against the wall of the arc-shaped hole, and the connecting hole is connected to the arc-shaped hole. At this time, when the worker takes out the charcoal, the carbon ash can be swept into the ash discharge chute through the ash discharge hole. When the bottom plate is moved to above the combustion chamber, the baffle plate closes the ash discharge hole, reducing the carbon ash from falling into the combustion chamber. In this way, the collection of carbon ash is facilitated.

[0028] 3. A clearance hole is set to connect the connecting hole and the arc hole. Compared with the way that the blocking plate and the ash discharge hole are staggered to facilitate the carbon ash to enter the ash discharge groove, the clearance hole reduces the situation of carbon ash entering the blocking cavity and facilitates the rotation of the rotating plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment, mainly showing the cross-sectional content when the return spring is in a compressed state.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the bottom plate along the horizontal direction, and the return spring is in a normal state.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the barrier plate, and the cross-sectional direction is the length direction of the rotating plate.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the blocking plate, and the cross-sectional direction is horizontal and perpendicular to the length direction of the rotating plate.

[0033] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1. Carbonization furnace body; 2. Combustion chamber; 3. Preparation chamber; 4. Feed port; 5. Air inlet; 6. Partition plate; 7. Carbonization zone 1; 8. Carbonization zone 2; 9. Bottom plate 1; 10. Bottom plate 2; 11. Ash discharge trough; 12. Ash discharge hole; 13. Blocking chamber; 14. Connecting hole; 15. Arc hole; 16. Rotating plate; 17. Blocking plate; 18. Give way hole; 19. Support rod; 20. Reset spring; 21. Adjusting slot; 22. Adjusting spring; 23. Contact block; 24. Contact surface; 25. Drive motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0035] The present application embodiment discloses a high-efficiency charcoal preparation device. Figure 1 The carbonization furnace body 1 includes a combustion chamber 2 and a preparation chamber 3. The preparation chamber 3 is located above the combustion chamber 2. The carbonization furnace body 1 is provided with a feed port 4 and an air inlet 5. Both the feed port 4 and the air inlet 5 are connected to the preparation chamber 3. The feed port 4 and the air inlet 5 are located on either side of the axis of the carbonization furnace body 1. In actual use, the air inlet 5 is also used for gas exhaust.

[0036] The preparation chamber 3 is provided with a partition plate 6, which divides the preparation chamber 3 into carbonization zone 1 7 and carbonization zone 2 8. The partition plate 6 rotates on the wall of the preparation chamber 3, and the rotation axis of the partition plate 6 is the axis of the carbonization furnace body 1. The partition plate 6 is connected to the bottom plate 1 9 and the bottom plate 2 10. The bottom plate 1 9 is located in the carbonization zone 1 7, and the bottom plate 2 10 is located in the carbonization zone 2 8. In actual use, the bottom plate 1 9, the partition plate 6, and the separated area of ​​the preparation chamber 3 form the carbonization zone 1 7, and the bottom plate 2 10, the partition plate 6 and the separated area of ​​the preparation chamber 3 form the carbonization zone 2 8. The bottom plate 1 9 and the bottom plate 2 10 are used for material placement. In actual use, the partition plate 6 is connected to the drive motor 25, which is used to drive the partition plate 6 to rotate.

[0037] In actual use, when the feed port 4 is connected to the carbonization zone 1 7 , the air inlet 5 is connected to the carbonization zone 2 8 .

[0038] Carbonization furnace body 1 is equipped with an ash discharge chute 11, located on the side of the partition plate 6's rotation axis near the feed port 4. Bottom plate 1 (9) is equipped with an ash discharge hole 12, which passes through bottom plate 1 (9) vertically and connects chute 11 with carbonization zone 1 (7). In actual use, bottom plate 1 (9) and bottom plate 2 (10) have the same structure.

[0039] Bottom plate 19 is provided with a blocking cavity 13. Ash discharge hole 12 includes a connecting hole 14 and an arcuate hole 15. Connecting hole 14 is located on the side of blocking cavity 13 away from ash discharge trough 11, connecting carbonization zone 17 with blocking cavity 13. Arcuate hole 15 is located on the side of blocking cavity 13 closer to ash discharge trough 11, and is used to connect connecting hole 14. Blocking cavity 13 is provided with a rotating plate 16, which rotates on the wall of blocking cavity 13. The rotating axis of rotating plate 16 is the rotating axis of partition plate 6. Rotating plate 16 is connected to blocking plate 17, which is used to close ash discharge hole 12. Blocking plate 17 is provided with a clearance hole 18, which passes through blocking plate 17 and extends in a vertical direction. Clearance hole 18 is used to connect connecting hole 14 with arcuate hole 15.

[0040] The ash discharge chute 11 is provided with a support rod 19, which is located on the chute wall of the ash discharge chute 11 at one end near the carbonization zone 7. The support rod 19 is used to limit the rotation of the rotating plate 16. The blocking chamber 13 is provided with a return spring 20, which is connected to the rotating plate 16. The elastic force of the return spring 20 causes the rotating plate 16 to rotate to its original position. The blocking plate 17 is provided with an adjustment member, and the setting of the adjustment member facilitates the rotation of the bottom plate 9. The blocking plate 17 is provided with an adjustment groove 21, which is located on the side of the blocking plate 17 near the ash discharge chute 11. In this application, the adjustment member is an adjustment spring 22, which is located at the bottom of the adjustment groove 21. The adjustment spring 22 is connected to a resistance block 23, which is located at the end of the adjustment spring 22 away from the bottom of the adjustment groove 21. The elastic force of the adjustment spring 22 limits the resistance block 23 from moving toward the bottom of the adjustment groove 21. The interference block 23 slides along the wall of the adjustment slot 21, sliding in a direction away from the bottom of the adjustment slot 21. The interference block 23 passes through the arc-shaped hole 15 and slides in the sliding hole. The interference block 23 slides along the extension direction of the arc-shaped hole 15. The end of the interference block 23 away from the blocking plate 17 protrudes from the wall of the ash discharge slot 11. The end of the interference block 23 away from the bottom of the adjustment slot 21 is provided with a interference surface 24. The interference surface 24 is located at the end of the interference block 23 away from the adjustment spring 22. The interference surface 24 extends away from the bottom of the adjustment slot 21 and away from the support rod 19. In the present application, the acute angle between the interference surface 24 and the horizontal plane is 60 to 75 degrees.

[0041] In actual use, the return spring 20 and the adjustment spring 22 are both chromium-molybdenum alloy steel springs or chromium steel springs so as to maintain elasticity in a high temperature environment.

[0042] The implementation principle of a high-efficiency charcoal preparation device according to an embodiment of the present application is as follows: when the carbonization zone 1 7 rotates to align with the feed port 4, the support rod 19 contacts the contact block 23, causing the contact block 23 to move along the extension direction of the arc hole 15 until the contact block 23 contacts the inner wall of the arc hole 15. At this time, the clearance hole 18 connects the connecting hole 14 and the arc hole 15. When the firewood in the carbonization zone 2 8 is carbonized into charcoal, and the carbonization zone 1 7 is cleaned and preheated, the rotating partition plate 6 causes the carbonization zone 1 7 and the carbonization zone 2 8 to change position, and the contact surface 24 is subjected to a component force along the bottom of the contact groove and moves. When the contact block 23 moves above the support rod 19, the bottom plate 1 9 and the bottom plate 2 10 move, and the position of the carbonization zone 1 7 and the carbonization zone 2 8 changes. The elastic force of the return spring 20 causes the rotating plate 16 to rotate to the blocking plate 17 to close the ash discharge hole 12.

[0043] A high-efficiency charcoal preparation process, including the above-mentioned high-efficiency charcoal preparation device, comprises the following steps:

[0044] a. After cleaning, air dry the raw materials for 2-3 days, and then dry the raw materials to a moisture content of 10-16%;

[0045] b. Crush the raw materials processed in step a and perform secondary drying to a moisture content of 4-5%;

[0046] c. Feeding the raw materials processed in step b into a rod making machine to produce firewood rods at a temperature of 680-700°C;

[0047] d. Place the firewood obtained in step c in the carbonization furnace body 1 for carbonization treatment at a carbonization temperature of 800-900° C. for 68-75 hours, followed by heat preservation for 48-72 hours.

[0048] The implementation principle of a high-efficiency charcoal preparation process in the embodiment of the present application is: reducing the moisture content of the raw materials through natural airing and drying, and reducing the moisture content of the raw materials through secondary drying, thereby reducing the carbonization efficiency and charcoal yield caused by excessive moisture content during the carbonization process.

[0049] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency charcoal preparation device, comprising a carbonization furnace body (1), characterized in that: The carbonization furnace body (1) is provided with a combustion chamber (2) and a preparation chamber (3), the preparation chamber (3) is provided with a partition plate (6), the partition plate (6) divides the preparation chamber (3) into a carbonization zone 1 (7) and a carbonization zone 2 (8), the partition plate (6) rotates on the wall of the preparation chamber (3), the rotation axis of the partition plate (6) is the axis of the carbonization furnace body (1), the partition plate (6) is connected with a bottom plate 1 (9) and a bottom plate 2 (10), the bottom plate 1 (9) is located in the carbonization zone 1 (7), the bottom plate 2 (10) is located in the carbonization zone 2 (8), and the bottom plate 1 (9) and the bottom plate 2 (10) are used for placing materials.

2. The high-efficiency charcoal preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbonization furnace body (1) is provided with a feed port (4), the feed port (4) is connected to the preparation chamber (3), the carbonization furnace body (1) is provided with an ash discharge groove (11), the ash discharge groove (11) is located on the side of the rotation axis of the partition plate (6) close to the feed port (4), the bottom plate (9) is provided with an ash discharge hole (12), the ash discharge hole (12) passes through the bottom plate (9), the penetration direction of the ash discharge hole (12) is vertical, and the ash discharge hole (12) connects the ash discharge groove (11) and the carbonization zone (7).

3. The high-efficiency charcoal preparation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom plate (9) is provided with a barrier cavity (13), and the ash discharge hole (12) includes a connecting hole (14) and an arc-shaped hole (15). The connecting hole (14) is located on the side of the barrier cavity (13) away from the ash discharge groove (11). The connecting hole (14) connects the carbonization zone (7) and the barrier cavity (13). The arc-shaped hole (15) is located on the side of the barrier cavity (13) close to the ash discharge groove (11). The arc-shaped hole (15) is used to connect the connecting hole (14); The blocking chamber (13) is provided with a rotating plate (16), the rotating plate (16) is connected to a blocking plate (17), the blocking plate (17) is used to close the ash discharge hole (12), the blocking plate (17) is provided with a resisting block (23), the resisting block (23) passes through the arc-shaped hole (15), the resisting block (23) slides along the extension direction of the arc-shaped hole (15), and one end of the resisting block (23) away from the blocking plate (17) protrudes from the wall of the ash discharge groove (11); The ash discharge trough (11) is provided with a support rod (19), and the support rod (19) is located on the trough wall of the ash discharge trough (11) near one end of the carbonization zone (7). The support rod (19) is used to limit the rotation of the rotating plate (16).

4. The high-efficiency charcoal preparation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blocking chamber (13) is provided with a return spring (20), and the return spring (20) is connected to the rotating plate (16). The elastic force of the return spring (20) limits the rotating plate (16) from rotating to the blocking plate (17) to close the ash discharge hole (12). The blocking plate (17) is provided with an adjusting member, and the adjusting member is connected to the contact block (23). The adjusting member facilitates the rotation of the bottom plate (9).

5. The high-efficiency charcoal preparation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjusting member comprises an adjusting spring (22); the baffle plate (17) is provided with an adjusting groove (21); the adjusting groove (21) is located on a side of the baffle plate (17) close to the ash discharge groove (11); one end of the adjusting spring (22) is connected to a resisting block (23); and the other end is connected to the bottom of the adjusting groove (21); the resisting block (23) is provided with a resisting surface (24); the resisting surface (24) is located at an end of the resisting block (23) away from the adjusting spring (22); and the resisting surface (24) extends in a direction away from the bottom of the adjusting groove (21) and in a direction away from the support rod (19).

6. The high-efficiency charcoal preparation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blocking plate (17) is provided with a clearance hole (18), and the clearance hole (18) passes through the blocking plate (17). When the abutment block (23) does not abut against the support rod (19), the blocking plate (17) closes the ash discharge hole (12). When the support rod (19) pushes the abutment block (23) to abut against the wall of the arc-shaped hole (15), the clearance hole (18) communicates with the connecting hole (14) and the arc-shaped hole (15).

7. A high-efficiency charcoal preparation process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: a. After cleaning, air dry the raw materials for 2-3 days, and then dry the raw materials to a moisture content of 10-16%; b. Crush the raw materials processed in step a and perform secondary drying to a moisture content of 4-5%; c. Feeding the raw materials processed in step b into a rod making machine to produce firewood rods at a temperature of 680-700°C; d. Place the firewood obtained in step c in the carbonization furnace body (1) for carbonization treatment at a carbonization temperature of 800-900°C for 68-75 hours, followed by heat preservation for 48-72 hours.

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