Tunnel automatic monitoring method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel monitoring, and provides an automatic tunnel monitoring method and system.The monitoring method comprises the following steps that according to the blasting influence range, an influence area and a non-influence area are determined; according to the monitoring category, the influence area and the non-influence area, determining the number and the positions of monitoring sections in the influence area, and determining the number and the arrangement positions of various monitoring points in the monitoring sections, the number and the arrangement positions of datum points in the non-influence area, and the number and the arrangement positions of station points; arranging a monitoring instrument and communication and processing equipment, acquiring monitoring data of the monitoring instrument, processing the monitoring data to obtain a monitoring result, and adjusting construction parameters based on the monitoring result. By means of the arrangement, labor intensity and interference to construction can be reduced, monitoring precision is improved, and therefore safety and stability monitoring of the tunnel can be conveniently, efficiently and accurately achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel monitoring, and in particular to an automatic tunnel monitoring method and system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of infrastructure construction, tunnels, as important channels connecting different areas, play a vital role in modern transportation networks. In modern tunnel engineering, blasting is an indispensable part of the excavation process. However, blasting not only involves the crushing and removal of rock, but also generates vibrations in the surrounding environment, posing a potential threat to the safety of existing structures. Furthermore, due to complex geological conditions, harsh construction environments, and the difficulty in visually assessing structural health, monitoring the safety and stability of tunnels has become a key focus in the engineering community.

[0003] Traditional tunnel monitoring mainly relies on manual contact measurement methods. Although this method can meet basic monitoring needs to a certain extent, it has problems such as high labor intensity, interference with construction, limited accuracy, and poor real-time performance. In addition, for large-span tunnels, traditional contact measurement methods often cannot fully cover all key points and cannot meet the safety and stability monitoring needs of tunnels.

[0004] Therefore, how to conveniently and efficiently realize the safety and stability monitoring of tunnels has become an important issue that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a tunnel automation monitoring method and system to solve the problem in the prior art that tunnel monitoring is difficult to achieve convenient and efficient. It can reduce labor intensity and interference with construction, improve monitoring accuracy, and thus achieve convenient, efficient and accurate monitoring of tunnel safety and stability.

[0006] The present invention provides a tunnel automation monitoring method, comprising the following steps: Determine the affected area and non-affected area according to the blasting impact range; According to the monitoring category, impact area and non-impact area, determine the number and location of monitoring sections in the impact area, and determine the number and location of various monitoring points in the monitoring section, the number and location of benchmark points in the non-impact area, and the number and location of monitoring stations; Arrange monitoring instruments, communication and processing equipment, obtain monitoring data from monitoring instruments and process the monitoring data to obtain monitoring results, and adjust construction parameters based on the monitoring results.

[0007] According to a tunnel automation monitoring method provided by the present invention, the monitoring category includes tunnel deformation monitoring, and the deformation monitoring includes tunnel convergence, roadbed settlement, roadbed differential settlement and roadbed horizontal displacement; The monitoring points include deformation monitoring points, which are arranged on the tunnel vault, the side walls on both sides and the sides of the roadbed.

[0008] According to an automatic tunnel monitoring method provided by the present invention, the monitoring category further includes vibration monitoring, the monitoring points include vibration monitoring points, and the vibration monitoring points are arranged on both side walls of the tunnel.

[0009] According to an automated tunnel monitoring method provided by the present invention, the monitoring category further includes crack monitoring, the monitoring points include crack monitoring points, and the number and positions of the crack monitoring points are determined based on the number and positions of on-site lining cracks.

[0010] According to a tunnel automation monitoring method provided by the present invention, the step of determining the number and layout positions of measuring stations includes: A point on the tunnel wall that meets the tunnel driving restriction requirements and has good visibility conditions is selected as the measuring station, and the measuring station is located in or near the middle of the monitoring area.

[0011] According to the tunnel automation monitoring method provided by the present invention, the step of determining the number and layout positions of the measuring stations further includes: The vertical angle between the deformation monitoring point and the measuring station is less than 10 degrees, and the straight-line distance is controlled within 100m.

[0012] According to a tunnel automation monitoring method provided by the present invention, in the tunnel deformation monitoring, the vertical angle between the deformation monitoring point and the measuring station is less than 10 degrees, and the straight-line distance is controlled within 100m.

[0013] The present invention also provides a tunnel automation monitoring system, comprising: Deformation monitoring instruments, suitable for monitoring tunnel deformation; Vibration monitoring instruments, suitable for monitoring the intensity of blasting seismic effects; Crack monitoring instruments, suitable for monitoring the development of cracks in tunnels; The processing equipment is in communication with the deformation monitoring instrument, the vibration monitoring instrument and the crack monitoring instrument, and is used to obtain monitoring data from each monitoring instrument and process the monitoring data to obtain monitoring results.

[0014] According to a tunnel automation monitoring system provided by the present invention, the deformation monitoring instrument includes: Targets are set at deformation monitoring points and reference points of the tunnel; The total station is arranged at the measuring station of the tunnel and is suitable for measuring the position coordinates of the target through a coordinate measurement program.

[0015] According to the tunnel automation monitoring system provided by the present invention, at least part of the targets can rotate in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0016] According to a tunnel automation monitoring system provided by the present invention, the vibration monitoring instrument includes: a sensor connected to a vibration monitoring point of the tunnel; a recorder, communicatively connected to the sensor, for receiving signals from the sensor and converting them into digital signals for storage; A vibration analyzer is connected to the recorder for analyzing the vibration signal.

[0017] According to an automatic tunnel monitoring system provided by the present invention, the crack monitoring instrument includes a vibrating wire crack meter.

[0018] The automated tunnel monitoring method and system provided by the present invention, when conducting monitoring work, first divides the impact area and non-impact area according to the blasting impact range. Then, based on the monitoring category, the impact area and non-impact area, the number and location of monitoring sections within the impact area are determined. The number and layout location of each type of monitoring point within the monitoring section, the number and layout location of benchmark points in the non-impact area, and the number and layout location of measurement stations are determined. Then, monitoring instruments, communication and processing equipment are arranged, and monitoring data from the monitoring instruments is acquired and processed to obtain monitoring results, so that construction personnel can adjust construction parameters based on the monitoring results. Compared with related technologies, this method can reduce labor intensity and interference with construction, improve monitoring accuracy, and thus conveniently, efficiently, and accurately achieve tunnel safety and stability monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the tunnel automation monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is one of the location maps of various monitoring points in the tunnel automation monitoring method provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is the second location diagram of various monitoring points in the tunnel automation monitoring method provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4This is the third location diagram of various monitoring points in the tunnel automation monitoring method provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the tunnel automation monitoring system provided by the present invention.

[0025] Reference numerals: 10. Monitoring section; 100. Track bed; 101. Tunnel wall; 11. Benchmark; 12. Measuring station; 13. Deformation monitoring point; 14. Vibration monitoring point; 20. Deformation monitoring instrument; 21. Vibration monitoring instrument; 22. Crack monitoring instrument; 23. Processing equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In order to better understand the tunnel automation monitoring method and system provided by the embodiments of the present invention, its application background is first introduced. Tunnels are channels used to connect different areas in modern transportation networks. Blasting is an indispensable part of the tunnel excavation process. However, the tunnel blasting excavation process will produce vibration effects on the surrounding environment, which poses a potential threat to the safety of existing structures. Therefore, tunnel safety and stability monitoring is very important.

[0028] Traditional tunnel monitoring mainly relies on manual contact measurement methods. Although this method can meet basic monitoring needs to a certain extent, it has problems such as high labor intensity, interference with construction, limited accuracy, and poor real-time performance. In addition, for large-span tunnels, traditional contact measurement methods often cannot fully cover all key points and cannot meet the safety and stability monitoring needs of tunnels.

[0029] Therefore, how to conveniently and efficiently realize the safety and stability monitoring of tunnels has become an important issue that needs to be solved urgently.

[0030] In response to the above issues, the embodiments of the present invention provide a tunnel automation monitoring method and system, which can conveniently, efficiently and accurately monitor the safety and stability of the tunnel.

[0031] The following combination Figure 1-Figure 5 The present invention describes the tunnel automation monitoring method and system.

[0032] Figure 1This is a flow chart of the tunnel automation monitoring method provided by the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps: Step S10: Determine the affected area and the non-affected area according to the blasting impact range.

[0033] Specifically, the seismic afterwaves generated by blasting will affect the existing structure of the tunnel, and the vibration intensity is usually related to factors such as the amount of explosives, distance, and rock properties. Therefore, by collecting geological data in and around the blasting area (including information on rock properties, faults, groundwater, etc.), analyzing blasting design parameters (such as type of explosives, charge amount, hole network parameters, etc.), and combining theoretical and empirical formulas to establish a prediction model, the area beyond the safety threshold range is the affected area, and the area within the safety threshold range is the non-affected area.

[0034] Step S20: Determine the number and location of monitoring sections 10 in the impact area according to the monitoring category, impact area, and non-impact area, and determine the number and location of various monitoring points in the monitoring section 10, the number and location of reference points 11 in the non-impact area, and the number and location of measurement stations 12.

[0035] Specifically, refer to Figures 2 to 4 The monitoring section 10 is a specific monitoring location selected to monitor the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock. Multiple monitoring sections 10 are set along the axial direction of the tunnel, and multiple monitoring points can be arranged on each monitoring section 10 to monitor different types of parameters. The specific number of monitoring sections 10 can be determined according to the size, complexity and potential risk level of the impact area, and no specific limitation is made in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] After the monitoring section 10 is determined, the specific placement and number of various monitoring points within the monitoring section 10 are determined based on the monitoring category to ensure the required monitoring data is obtained. The stability of the benchmark 11, as the starting point for deformation monitoring, is crucial. Therefore, the accuracy of the monitoring data is ensured by placing benchmark 11 within the non-impact zone. The specific location of the measuring station 12 is used to place measuring instruments to monitor each monitoring point. The specific location of the measuring station 12 can be determined based on the location and number of the monitoring section 10 and the location and number of monitoring points within the monitoring section 10.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring categories include tunnel deformation monitoring, and tunnel deformation monitoring mainly includes tunnel convergence, roadbed settlement, roadbed differential settlement and roadbed horizontal displacement. Among them, tunnel convergence refers to the change in the cross-sectional dimensions of the tunnel, especially the change in the distance between the arch and the side wall. Roadbed settlement refers to the displacement of the roadbed 100 in the vertical direction, that is, the ground subsidence phenomenon. Roadbed differential settlement refers to the uneven settlement phenomenon occurring at different positions on the same section, which may cause changes in the track geometry, thereby affecting driving safety. Roadbed horizontal displacement refers to the movement of the roadbed 100 in the horizontal direction due to changes in the surrounding geological conditions or external loads.

[0038] The monitoring points include deformation monitoring points 13. In order to effectively carry out deformation monitoring of the above-mentioned problems, it is necessary to reasonably arrange the positions of the deformation monitoring points 13. Specifically, the deformation monitoring points 13 are arranged on the arch, side walls and both sides of the roadbed 100 of the tunnel. Among them, the monitoring points set on the tunnel arch and side walls are mainly used to monitor the structural deformation of the tunnel, while the deformation monitoring points 13 set on both sides of the roadbed 100 are mainly used to monitor the deformation of the roadbed 100.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, the reference points 11 serve as the starting point for deformation monitoring and are capable of measuring, locating, and calculating the coordinates of each deformation monitoring point 13. Therefore, they require good stability. In this embodiment, the accuracy of the monitoring data is ensured by placing the reference points 11 within the non-impact zone. Specifically, the reference points 11 can be placed within 50-80 meters outside the tunnel deformation zone. The specific number of reference points 11 can be set based on actual needs; for example, two reference points 11 can be placed on either side of the monitoring area.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, based on site conditions, a point on tunnel wall 101 that meets tunnel traffic restrictions and has good visibility is selected as station 12. Specifically, the vertical angle between station 12 and the displacement monitoring point is less than 10 degrees, and the straight-line distance is controlled within 100 meters. A monitoring station is deployed at station 12 as a working base station, and station 12 is preferably located in the center of the monitoring area to facilitate detection of monitoring targets by monitoring equipment such as measurement robots.

[0041] After placing the monitoring equipment on a stable iron monitoring platform, the instrument is centered and leveled, ready for observation. At the start of observation, the working base station automatically controls the equipment to search for and observe the target according to instructions sent by the control center system, and transmits the monitoring data to the control center in real time via the communication module. If the measurement target is blocked by an obstacle, the control center will intelligently determine and resend the command to continue measurement until valid data is obtained.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, targets are set at the deformation monitoring point 13 and the reference point 11. The targets can reflect light or electromagnetic waves, so that they can be captured by detection instruments such as total stations and used to calculate data such as distance and angle. The targets are usually made of materials with high reflectivity. For example, a plane mirror or a total reflection prism can be used as a target.

[0043] Specifically, targets that have good visibility with the measuring instrument can be directly fixed on the structure, while for points where visibility is poor and blocked, a bracket can be used to connect the target to the structure. In addition, the bracket can adopt an existing two-dimensional rotating bracket to realize the rotation of the target in the horizontal and vertical directions, so that it is perpendicular to the line of sight of the monitoring instrument, so that the monitoring instrument can accurately identify the position of the target.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring category also includes vibration monitoring. Specifically, the degree of damage to a structure caused by blasting vibration is closely related to the vibration velocity. Therefore, by directly measuring the vibration velocity in blasting vibration monitoring, the relationship between the vibration velocity and the distance between the measuring point and the blast source is obtained, and the blasting parameters are adjusted on this basis.

[0045] The monitoring points include vibration monitoring points 14. In order to effectively monitor the vibration velocity, the number and position of the vibration monitoring points 14 need to be reasonably arranged. In one embodiment of the present invention, two vibration monitoring points 14 are arranged on each monitoring section 10, and the two vibration monitoring points 14 are respectively arranged on the side walls on both sides of the tunnel.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, the vibration monitoring instrument 21 is primarily composed of three components: a sensor, a recorder, and a vibration analyzer. The sensor is located at the vibration monitoring point 14 and is used to collect vibration data. The recorder is connected to the sensor and receives signals from the sensor and converts them into digital signals for storage. The vibration analyzer is connected to the recorder and is used to analyze the vibration signals.

[0047] The specific specifications and models of the vibration monitoring instrument 21 can be selected according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the vibration monitoring instrument 21 adopts the TC-4850N wireless network vibration meter. The wireless testing system uses 4G / GPRS technology to combine wireless communication with multimedia communication means such as the international Internet to realize ultra-long-distance blasting vibration monitoring and complete telemetry, remote control, and high-speed wireless data transmission.

[0048] Before testing at the blasting site, fix the sensor at the vibration monitoring point 14, turn on the instrument power and leave the site. After completing the parameter setting and starting the acquisition through the remote computer, the instrument enters the working state. When the blasting vibration signal is transmitted, the system will automatically record the entire dynamic waveform and convert it into a digital signal for storage. The tester can use the terminal measurement and control software away from the blasting site to transfer the data file back to the local for operation analysis and monitor the system working status in real time.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring category also includes crack monitoring. Specifically, during tunnel blasting and excavation, the shock waves generated by the explosion impact the tunnel surrounding rock and lining structure, potentially causing stress redistribution within the surrounding rock, thereby initiating new cracks or exacerbating existing cracks. The impact on existing cracks is particularly significant. Therefore, crack monitoring is crucial to ensuring tunnel safety. The monitoring points include deformation monitoring point 13, which is specifically determined based on the results of an on-site lining crack survey.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, the crack monitoring instrument 22 can adopt an existing vibrating string crack meter. The vibrating string crack meter fixes the two ends of a tensioned vibrating string on both sides of the crack. When the crack changes, the length of the vibrating string changes, thereby changing its natural vibration frequency. The vibrating string crack meter has an excitation circuit inside that can excite the vibrating string to vibrate and calculate the opening and closing degree of the crack by measuring the change in the vibration frequency of the vibrating string.

[0051] Step S30: Arrange monitoring instruments, communication and processing equipment 23, obtain monitoring data from the monitoring instruments, process the monitoring data to obtain monitoring results, and adjust construction parameters based on the monitoring results.

[0052] Specifically, after the number and locations of various monitoring points are determined, monitoring instruments are deployed. Deformation monitoring instruments 20 monitor tunnel deformation, vibration monitoring instruments 21 monitor the intensity of blasting seismic effects, and crack monitoring instruments 22 monitor crack development. The communication module feeds data from each monitoring instrument back to processing equipment 23, which processes the data to generate monitoring results. This allows personnel to adjust construction parameters based on these results, ensuring tunnel construction safety.

[0053] The tunnel automation monitoring system provided by the present invention is described below. The tunnel automation monitoring system described below and the tunnel automation monitoring method described above can be referenced to each other.

[0054] Reference Figure 5A tunnel automation monitoring system includes a deformation monitoring instrument 20, a vibration monitoring instrument 21, a crack monitoring instrument 22 and a processing device 23; wherein the deformation monitoring instrument 20 is suitable for monitoring tunnel deformation; the vibration monitoring instrument 21 is suitable for monitoring the intensity of blasting seismic effects; the crack monitoring instrument 22 is suitable for monitoring the development of tunnel cracks; the processing device 23 is communicatively connected with the deformation monitoring instrument 20, the vibration monitoring instrument 21 and the crack monitoring instrument 22, and is used to obtain monitoring data from each monitoring instrument and process the monitoring data to obtain monitoring results.

[0055] Specifically, the deformation monitoring instrument 20, the vibration monitoring instrument 21, the crack monitoring instrument 22 and the processing equipment 23 are connected by In one embodiment of the present invention, the deformation monitoring instrument 20 includes a target and a total station; wherein the target is set at the deformation monitoring point 13 and the reference point 11 of the tunnel to reflect light or electromagnetic waves; the total station is set at the measuring station 12 of the tunnel to collect the optical fiber or electromagnetic waves reflected by the target and measure the position coordinates of the target through a coordinate measurement program.

[0056] Specifically, the target is made of a material with high reflectivity, such as a plane mirror or a total reflection prism. The specific material of the target is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present invention, the target can be rotated in the horizontal and vertical directions. When the line of sight between the total station and the target is poor, the target can be rotated in the horizontal and vertical directions to make it perpendicular to the line of sight of the total station, so that the total station can accurately identify the position of the target.

[0058] Specifically, the target can be connected to the structure of the tunnel using an existing two-dimensional rotating bracket, thereby realizing the rotation of the target in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present invention, the vibration monitoring instrument 21 includes a sensor, a recorder and a vibration analyzer; wherein the sensor is connected to the vibration monitoring point 14 of the tunnel; the recorder is communicatively connected to the sensor, for receiving signals from the sensor and converting them into digital signals for storage; the vibration analyzer is communicatively connected to the recorder, for analyzing the vibration signals.

[0060] The specific specifications and models of the vibration monitoring instrument 21 can be selected according to actual needs. In one embodiment of the present invention, the vibration monitoring instrument 21 can adopt a TC-4850N wireless network vibration meter.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present invention, the crack monitoring instrument 22 may be a vibrating wire crack meter.

[0062] It is understood that those skilled in the art may combine and integrate different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification without mutual contradiction.

[0063] The automated tunnel monitoring method and system provided by the embodiments of the present invention first divides the affected area and non-affected area according to the blasting impact range during monitoring. The number and location of monitoring sections 10 within the affected area are determined based on the monitoring category, the affected area, and the non-affected area. The number and location of each type of monitoring point within the monitoring section 10, the number and location of reference points 11 within the non-affected area, and the number and location of measurement stations 12 are determined. Monitoring instruments, communication, and processing equipment 23 are then deployed to obtain monitoring data from the monitoring instruments and process the data to obtain monitoring results, allowing construction personnel to adjust construction parameters based on the monitoring results. Compared to related technologies, this method can reduce labor intensity and interference with construction, improve monitoring accuracy, and thus conveniently, efficiently, and accurately monitor the safety and stability of tunnels.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel automation monitoring method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the affected area and non-affected area according to the blasting impact range; According to the monitoring category, impact area and non-impact area, determine the number and location of monitoring sections in the impact area, and determine the number and location of various monitoring points in the monitoring section, the number and location of benchmark points in the non-impact area, and the number and location of monitoring stations; Arrange monitoring instruments, communication and processing equipment, obtain monitoring data from monitoring instruments and process the monitoring data to obtain monitoring results, and adjust construction parameters based on the monitoring results.

2. The tunnel automation monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring category also includes tunnel deformation monitoring, which includes tunnel convergence, roadbed settlement, roadbed differential settlement and roadbed horizontal displacement; The monitoring points include deformation monitoring points, which are arranged on the vault, side walls and both sides of the roadbed of the tunnel.

3. The tunnel automation monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The monitoring category also includes vibration monitoring, and the monitoring points include vibration monitoring points, which are arranged on both side walls of the tunnel.

4. The tunnel automation monitoring method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The monitoring category also includes crack monitoring, and the monitoring points include crack monitoring points. The number and positions of the crack monitoring points are determined based on the number and positions of on-site lining cracks.

5. The tunnel automation monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steps to determine the number and location of measurement stations include: A point on the tunnel wall that meets the tunnel driving restriction requirements and has good visibility conditions is selected as the measuring station, and the measuring station is located in or near the middle of the monitoring area.

6. The tunnel automation monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps of determining the number and location of measurement stations also include: The vertical angle between the deformation monitoring point and the measuring station is less than 10 degrees, and the straight-line distance is controlled within 100m.

7. A tunnel automation monitoring system, characterized in that: include: Deformation monitoring instruments, suitable for monitoring tunnel deformation; Vibration monitoring instruments, suitable for monitoring the intensity of blasting seismic effects; Crack monitoring instruments, suitable for monitoring the development of cracks in tunnels; The processing equipment is in communication with the deformation monitoring instrument, the vibration monitoring instrument and the crack monitoring instrument, and is used to obtain monitoring data from each monitoring instrument and process the monitoring data to obtain monitoring results.

8. The tunnel automation monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The deformation monitoring instrument comprises: Targets are set at deformation monitoring points and reference points of the tunnel; The total station is arranged at the measuring station of the tunnel and is suitable for measuring the position coordinates of the target through a coordinate measurement program.

9. The tunnel automation monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that: At least a portion of the target is rotatable in horizontal and vertical directions.

10. The tunnel automation monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vibration monitoring instrument comprises: a sensor connected to a vibration monitoring point of the tunnel; a recorder, communicatively connected to the sensor, for receiving signals from the sensor and converting them into digital signals for storage; A vibration analyzer is connected to the recorder for analyzing the vibration signal.

Images