Diffusion carbon emission AR imaging device, gas leakage detection method and application

Abstract

The invention provides a escaping carbon emission AR imaging device, a gas leakage detection method and application, and belongs to the technical field of gas detection devices. The wearable device comprises a wearable device body which is provided with a communication device and an AR imaging device; and the tunable diode laser radar sensor is used for collecting and analyzing three-dimensional distribution and concentration information of the escape carbon emission gas in the surrounding space and transmitting the three-dimensional distribution and concentration information to the AR imaging device for display through the communication device. According to the tunable diode laser radar sensor, the tunable diode laser absorption spectrum technology is combined with differential absorption laser radar and time-dependent single photon counting, and long-distance spectrum detection and distance measurement of a low-power semiconductor diode laser are achieved. Based on the laser reflection theory and the spectral analysis method, the problem of limitation of the imaging distance range in the prior art is solved, the imaging range of the detection system is expanded, and the position and concentration of the gas are determined by utilizing the three-dimensional image of the gas and the physical environment occupied by the gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas detection devices, and in particular to a wearable fugitive carbon emission AR imaging device and a gas leakage detection method and application using the device. Background Art

[0002] Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) has been primarily used in laboratory environments. This technique uses a rapidly modulated semiconductor diode laser to tune its wavelength via the absorption line of a target gas to measure the precise concentration of a specific gas in the laser path. While this technique can achieve gas imaging by detecting laser scattering from non-cooperative targets in the environment, its imaging range is typically limited to 10 meters because the intensity of the returned light decreases with distance.

[0003] In existing technologies, gas imaging devices based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) technology have the problem of limited imaging distance range (usually limited to within 10 meters), which makes it difficult to meet the needs of industrial scenarios (such as industrial parks, oil and gas equipment, underground spaces, etc.) for remote detection of fugitive carbon emissions (such as methane); at the same time, although traditional technologies can detect gas concentrations, they lack the ability to visualize the spatial distribution of gases in three dimensions, and cannot intuitively determine the gas location and leakage trend. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the technical problems in the prior art of gas imaging devices, such as the limited imaging distance range and the lack of three-dimensional visualization capability of gas spatial distribution, which makes it impossible to intuitively determine the gas location and leakage trend, the present invention provides a wearable fugitive carbon emission AR imaging device. Based on laser reflection theory and spectral analysis, it solves the problem of limited imaging distance range in the prior art, improves the imaging range of the detection system, and uses three-dimensional images of the gas and the physical environment it occupies to determine the location and concentration of the gas. Based on tunable diode lidar technology, tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy technology is combined with differential absorption lidar and time-correlated single photon technology to achieve long-distance spectral detection and ranging of low-power semiconductor diode lasers. The AR imaging device displays the gas location, concentration, and leakage trend in real time in the wearer's field of view, realizing intuitive monitoring in dynamic scenes.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A wearable AR imaging device for fugitive carbon emissions, comprising: A wearable device body having a communication device and an AR imaging device; a tunable diode laser radar sensor, disposed on the wearable device body, for collecting and analyzing three-dimensional distribution and concentration information of fugitive carbon emissions in the surrounding space and transmitting the information to the AR imaging device via the communication device for display; The tunable diode lidar sensor is based on tunable diode lidar technology and combines tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy technology with differential absorption lidar and time-correlated single photon counting to achieve long-distance spectral detection and ranging of low-power semiconductor diode lasers.

[0006] Preferably, the tunable diode lidar sensor comprises: Distributed feedback lasers, laser modulators, reference gas cells, polarization beam splitters, Risley prism pairs, rotating shaft pairs, motor pairs, collimating lenses, single-photon avalanche diode detectors, and electronic control and signal processing circuits are used to form a closed-loop emission-transmission-reflection-reception signal chain to achieve gas composition identification and spatial positioning.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes: An energy storage device is provided on the wearable device body and is used to provide power to the wearable device body.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes: the energy storage device is an energy storage battery.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes: A fastening strap is used to fix the wearable device body.

[0010] Preferably, the AR imaging device is an eye mask.

[0011] Preferably, the wearable device body is a helmet body.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for detecting gas leaks based on the wearable fugitive carbon emission AR imaging device, comprising the following steps: Step (1): Laser emission and modulation Laser source: Distributed feedback laser emitting near-infrared laser beam; Modulation coding: The near-infrared laser beam enters the laser modulator for modulation; Optical path shaping: The modulated near-infrared laser beam is shaped into a low divergence angle beam by a collimating lens; Step (2): Optical path calibration and spatial scanning System calibration: A low divergence angle beam passes through a reference gas cell to complete internal absorption reference calibration; Dynamic scanning: The system calibrates the laser beam and enters the scanning mechanism composed of a Risley prism pair. The prism pair is driven by a motor pair to rotate independently, realizing two-dimensional dynamic scanning of the laser beam in the target area. Step (3): echo signal reception Diffuse reflection acquisition: The laser beam is diffusely reflected after hitting the non-cooperative target in the detection area, and the echo signal returns along the original path; Signal focusing and detection: The echo signal is guided to the receiving path by a polarization beam splitter, focused by a collimating lens, and then received by a single-photon avalanche diode detector; Step (4): Data solution and 3D imaging Distance calculation: The electronic control and signal processing circuit calculates the target distance by combining the time difference between laser emission and reception through time-correlated single photon counting technology; Concentration inversion: Compare the changes in absorption intensity at different wavelengths, restore the gas absorption spectrum, and invert the gas concentration in the laser path; 3D reconstruction: Combines the 2D point data generated by the scanning system, integrates spatial position and concentration information, and reconstructs a 3D distribution map of gas concentration in the detection scene; Step (5): Real-time visualization and data transmission AR overlay display: The three-dimensional concentration map is transmitted to the AR imaging device in real time by the electronic control and signal processing circuit, intuitively showing the location, concentration and leakage trend of gas leaks.

[0013] Preferably, step (5) further includes: Remote data transmission: Detection data is transmitted to a remote terminal via a communication device, supporting background monitoring and analysis.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned wearable fugitive carbon emission AR imaging device or the above-mentioned wearable fugitive carbon emission AR imaging device for detecting gas leaks in detecting methane leaks.

[0015] The present invention provides a wearable AR imaging device for fugitive carbon emissions. Based on laser reflection theory and spectral analysis, it solves the problem of imaging distance range limitations in existing technologies, improves the imaging range of the detection system, and uses three-dimensional images of the gas and the physical environment it occupies to determine the location and concentration of the gas. Based on tunable diode lidar technology, it combines tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy technology with differential absorption lidar and time-correlated single-photon technology to achieve long-range spectral detection and ranging of low-power semiconductor diode lasers. The AR imaging device displays the gas location, concentration, and leakage trend in real time in the wearer's field of view, enabling intuitive monitoring in dynamic scenarios. Compared with existing technologies, it has the following beneficial effects: By integrating tunable diode lidar (TDLidar) technology and combining the following key technologies, we can overcome these limitations: Multi-technology integrated laser detection system: By integrating tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS), differential absorption lidar (DIAL) and time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) technologies, an “active laser transmit-receive” closed-loop signal chain is constructed to achieve long-range gas spectral detection and precise spatial ranging.

[0016] High-speed laser tuning and modulation: A distributed feedback laser (DFB) is used to output 1650nm near-infrared laser (covering the strong absorption line of methane), and high-speed wavelength scanning is achieved through 1MHz periodic current drive. Pseudo-random binary amplitude modulation and time coding are superimposed to enhance the echo signal recognition capability and improve the anti-interference ability of long-distance detection.

[0017] Dynamic scanning and weak signal detection: The Risley prism pair (double wedge-shaped prisms driven by a motor to rotate independently) is used to achieve two-dimensional dynamic scanning of the laser beam, expanding the field of view coverage; A short-wave infrared (SWIR) single-photon avalanche diode detector (SPAD) is used to efficiently detect weak single-photon echoes (minimum detectable signal intensity 0.7×10 6 photons / second), combined with the low background noise characteristics, it breaks through the detection limitations of traditional technologies on long-distance weak signals.

[0018] 3D concentration imaging and real-time visualization: The electronic control and signal processing circuit uses TCSPC technology to calculate the echo time difference (ranging) and spectral absorption intensity (inverted concentration), and reconstructs a three-dimensional concentration map based on the scanning point data. The AR imaging device displays the gas position, concentration, and leakage trend in real time in the wearer's field of view, enabling intuitive monitoring in dynamic scenarios.

[0019] Through the above means, the device has successfully broken through the imaging distance limitations of traditional technologies (can cover longer distances) and achieved remote, real-time, three-dimensional visual detection of fugitive carbon emissions, meeting the needs of industrial applications.

[0020] Tunable Diode Lidar (TDLidar) combines tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) with differential absorption lidar (DIAL) and time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) to achieve long-range spectral detection and ranging of low-power semiconductor diode lasers. Tunable diode lidar directly measures the shape of gas absorption lines by continuously scanning the output wavelength of the diode laser. The technology uses pulsed laser output to encode the optical signal and uses digital time domain algorithms between the transmitted light and the detected light to identify the returned optical signal. By simultaneously adjusting the wavelength and modulation amplitude of the laser, the tunable diode lidar can accurately determine the range of the laser path and the concentration of specific gases therein.

[0021] A key aspect of tunable diode lidar is the high-speed laser tuning, modulation, and detection achieved using semiconductor components. This enables the laser wavelength to be scanned at rates of 1 MHz or faster, allowing for the rapid acquisition of images of gas spectra and structural distance data within the field of view. These high-quality, unambiguous three-dimensional images of the gas and its physical environment enable analysis of gas plumes to not only determine the location of the gas but also help calculate the leak rate required by industrial users, thus meeting the needs of industrial applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a front view of the imaging device in Example 1; Figure 2 is a side view of the imaging device in embodiment 1; Figure 3 is a side view of the tunable diode lidar sensor in Example 1; In the figure, 1. Tunable diode lidar sensor; 2. Helmet body; 3. AR imaging device; 4. Fastening strap; 5. Energy storage device; 6. Communication device; 11. Distributed feedback laser; 12. Laser modulator; 13. Reference gas cell; 14. Polarization beam splitter; 15. Risley prism pair; 16. Rotating shaft pair; 17. Motor pair; 18. Collimating lens; 19. Single photon avalanche diode detector; 110. Electronic control and signal processing circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "provided with," "mounted / connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0026] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides a wearable fugitive carbon emission AR imaging device 3, comprising: The wearable device body has a communication device 6 and an AR imaging device 3. The wearable device body can be a common wearable product in the prior art, and there is no special requirement for this. In the present invention, it is preferably a helmet body 2.

[0027] a tunable diode lidar sensor 1, disposed on the wearable device body, for collecting and analyzing the three-dimensional distribution and concentration information of fugitive carbon emissions in the surrounding space and transmitting the information to the AR imaging device 3 via the communication device 6 for display; The tunable diode lidar sensor 1 is based on tunable diode lidar technology, and combines tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy technology with differential absorption lidar and time-correlated single photon counting to achieve long-distance spectral detection and ranging of low-power semiconductor diode lasers.

[0028] Tunable Diode Laser Lidar Technology (TDLD) is a detection method that combines multiple advanced optical technologies, primarily used for long-range spectral detection and ranging. The following is a detailed explanation of the technology's core concepts and its applications: Tunable Diode Laser (TDL) Chinese definition: A tunable diode laser is a semiconductor laser whose emission wavelength can be adjusted by changing its operating conditions, such as current or temperature. In tunable diode lidar technology, TDL provides highly precise, narrow-linewidth laser output, enabling targeted detection of the absorption characteristics of specific gases or substances.

[0029] Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) is widely used in environmental monitoring, industrial process control, and atmospheric research. By precisely tuning the laser wavelength, TDLAS enables highly sensitive detection of target gas concentrations. In tunable diode laser radar (LDLAR), it is used to extract the spectral signature of specific gases.

[0030] Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) calculates the concentration distribution of a target gas by emitting two laser beams of different wavelengths—one strongly absorbed by the target gas and the other not. DIAL technology combines the long-range detection capabilities of LiDAR with the selectivity of absorption spectra, enabling precise measurement of gas concentration distribution over long distances.

[0031] Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) is commonly used in fields such as fluorescence lifetime imaging, quantum optics, and biomedical imaging. TCSPC offers extremely high temporal resolution, accurately recording the return time of individual photons, enabling detection of weak signals and distance measurement. In tunable diode lidar technology, TCSPC is used to improve the system's signal-to-noise ratio and detection accuracy.

[0032] In summary, tunable diode lidar technology is an advanced detection technology that combines tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS), differential absorption lidar (DIAL), and time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC). Its main features include: The wavelength tuning capability of a tunable diode laser (TDL) is utilized to detect the absorption spectrum of specific gases or substances. Leveraging the principles of differential absorption lidar (DIAL), dual-wavelength comparison eliminates background interference, enabling high-precision measurement of target gas concentrations. Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) technology enables highly sensitive detection of weak echo signals, enhancing the system's long-range detection capabilities.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, preferably, the tunable diode laser radar sensor 1 includes: The distributed feedback laser 11, the laser modulator 12, the reference gas cell 13, the polarization beam splitter 14, the Risley prism pair 15, the rotating shaft pair 16, the motor pair 17, the collimating lens 18, the single-photon avalanche diode detector 19 and the electronic control and signal processing circuit 110 are used to form a closed-loop emission-transmission-reflection-reception signal chain to realize gas composition identification and spatial positioning.

[0034] The present invention also includes: Energy storage device 5 is provided on the wearable device body and is used to provide power to the wearable device body. This not only simplifies the power supply process and reduces reliance on external power sources, but also improves the overall portability and battery life of the wearable device, allowing users to use the device more freely and for longer periods of time, enjoying an uninterrupted smart experience.

[0035] In the present invention, it is also included that: the energy storage device 5 is an energy storage battery.

[0036] The present invention also includes: The fastening strap 4 is used to secure the wearable device, ensuring a comfortable wearing experience for the user. Its design closely conforms to different body shapes, effectively preventing the device from slipping or loosening, and enhancing safety and stability. Furthermore, the fastening strap 4 is typically made of a comfortable material, ensuring minimal discomfort even during prolonged wear, further enhancing the wearable device's practicality and user experience.

[0037] In the present invention, the AR imaging device 3 is an eye mask.

[0038] In the present invention, the wearable device body is a helmet body 2.

[0039] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for detecting gas leaks based on the wearable fugitive carbon emission AR imaging device 3, comprising the following steps: Step (1): Laser emission and modulation Laser source: a distributed feedback laser 11 emitting a near-infrared laser beam; Modulation coding: The near-infrared laser beam enters the laser modulator 12 for modulation; Optical path shaping: The modulated near-infrared laser beam is shaped into a low divergence angle beam by the collimating lens 18.

[0040] The specific steps of step (1) are as follows: The distributed feedback laser 11 emits near-infrared laser light with a central wavelength of approximately 1650 nm. By adjusting the input current, it can perform high-speed scanning within the 1625–1675 nm wavelength band to cover the methane absorption line. This wavelength band corresponds to the strong absorption line of methane (CH4). Under the control of the electronic control and signal processing circuit 110, the distributed feedback laser 11 is driven by a periodic current of approximately 1 MHz, achieving high-speed wavelength scanning. The laser beam then enters the laser modulator 12, where pseudo-random binary amplitude modulation is superimposed with time coding to enhance signal recognition in the subsequent TCSPC process. It is then shaped by the collimating lens 1818 into a low-divergence beam to ensure directional stability during the scanning process.

[0041] Step (2): Optical path calibration and spatial scanning System calibration: The low divergence angle beam passes through the reference gas cell 13 to complete the internal absorption reference calibration; Dynamic scanning: The laser beam calibrated by the system enters the scanning mechanism composed of the Risley prism pair 15. The prism pair is driven by the motor pair 17 to rotate independently, realizing two-dimensional dynamic scanning of the laser beam in the target area.

[0042] The step (2) can be specifically as follows: After being shaped by a collimating lens 18, the modulated laser beam enters a polarizing beam splitter 14 and is emitted forward along a coaxial optical path. After completing internal absorption benchmark calibration with a reference gas cell 13 (preferably a methane reference gas cell), the near-infrared laser beam enters an optical scanning mechanism comprised of a Risley prism pair 15. This prism pair consists of two wedge-shaped prisms mounted on a rotating shaft pair 16. Each prism pair is driven by a motor pair 17 at different frequencies, enabling dynamic two-dimensional scanning of the laser beam across the target area, achieving complete field of view coverage.

[0043] Step (3): echo signal reception Diffuse reflection acquisition: The laser beam is diffusely reflected after hitting the non-cooperative target in the detection area, and the echo signal returns along the original path; Signal focusing and detection: The echo signal is guided to the receiving path by the polarization beam splitter 14, focused by the collimating lens 18, and then received by the single photon avalanche diode detector 19.

[0044] The step (3) may be specifically as follows: After irradiating non-cooperative targets (such as walls, floors, or equipment) within the detection area, the laser is diffusely reflected. The echo signal returns along its original path, passing through a polarization beam splitter 14 and guided into the receiving path. It is then refocused by a collimating lens 18 onto a single-photon avalanche diode detector (SPAD) 19. This short-wave infrared (SWIR) InGaAs detector operates in the 1000–1700 nm wavelength range, efficiently detecting weak single-photon echo signals while maintaining an extremely low noise floor.

[0045] Step (4): Data solution and 3D imaging Distance calculation: The electronic control and signal processing circuit 110 calculates the target distance by combining the time difference between laser emission and reception through time-correlated single photon counting technology; Concentration inversion: Compare the changes in absorption intensity at different wavelengths, restore the gas absorption spectrum, and invert the gas concentration in the laser path; 3D reconstruction: Combining the 2D point data generated by the scanning system, integrating spatial position and concentration information, and reconstructing the 3D distribution map of gas concentration in the detection scene.

[0046] The step (4) may be specifically as follows: The single-photon avalanche diode detector 19 feeds the return photon events into the electronic control and signal processing circuit 110, which performs TCSPC (time-correlated single-photon counting) calculations, combining the laser modulation timestamp and reception delay to accurately calculate the target distance. Simultaneously, by comparing absorption at different wavelengths, the absorption spectrum of the gas (methane) is restored, thereby inverting the gas concentration (ppm·m) in the laser path. Combined with the two-dimensional points generated by the scanning system, a three-dimensional distribution map of the methane concentration in the detection scene can be reconstructed.

[0047] Step (5): Real-time visualization and data transmission AR overlay display: The three-dimensional concentration map is transmitted in real time by the electronic control and signal processing circuit 110 to the AR imaging device 3, visually presenting the location, concentration and leakage trend of the gas leak.

[0048] In the present invention, step (5) further includes: Remote data transmission: Detection data is transmitted to a remote terminal via the communication device 6 to support background monitoring and analysis.

[0049] The step (5) may be specifically as follows: The reconstructed gas spatial concentration map is transmitted by the electronic control circuit to the AR imaging device 3 and superimposed on the wearer's visual image, providing real-time visualization of gas leaks. Without additional user interaction, users can obtain information on the location, concentration, and leakage trends of methane within the detection range, significantly improving inspection efficiency and responsiveness.

[0050] The above-mentioned device provided by the present invention, based on the integrated miniaturized optoelectronic components and combined with the structural layout of the helmet body 2, may also include an energy storage device 5, a communication device 6 and a fastening belt 4, further enhancing the wearability, on-site adaptability and remote data transmission capability of the equipment, and is suitable for monitoring fugitive carbon emissions in complex environments such as industrial parks, oil and gas equipment, and underground spaces.

[0051] To improve detection accuracy, the present invention preferably uses a method to calculate the relative depth of the absorption curve to obtain the concentration path length product (unit: ppm·m). The system accumulates a large number of data points through high-speed scanning, constructs a signal intensity distribution image, divides the return signal into high-intensity and low-intensity areas, and displays it in the form of an image. The minimum detectable signal intensity reaches 0.7×10 6 photons per second. Background signals (including methane in the gas pool and the environment) can be effectively subtracted to clearly isolate the methane plume region. Subsequently, the plume detection algorithm extracts the area of ​​localized elevated gas concentration and enables visualization.

[0052] A simple mass balance method was used to calculate the gas flow rate using the identified methane plume. The core of the mass balance method is to determine the flow rate by calculating the mass of gas flowing through the three-dimensional surface of a closed gas source. Mass flux is defined as the mass of gas passing through a unit area per unit time. By integrating the mass flux over a set of planes enclosing a volume, the total flux of gas entering or leaving that volume can be calculated.

[0053] If the net flux is non-zero, this indicates that the region is releasing gas. The mass flux of a plane is defined as ; Where ρ represents the gas concentration (g / m³), ν is the wind speed vector, and Α is the plane area vector.

[0054] Furthermore, by understanding the leak rates of individual leak sources, repair plans can be prioritized to achieve the greatest reduction in emissions in the short term.

[0055] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned wearable fugitive carbon emission AR imaging device 3 or the above-mentioned wearable fugitive carbon emission AR imaging device 3 for detecting gas leakage in detecting methane leakage.

[0056] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto; any person skilled in the art who, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or modifications based on the technical solutions and improved concepts of the present invention shall be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wearable AR imaging device for fugitive carbon emissions, characterized in that: include: A wearable device body having a communication device and an AR imaging device; a tunable diode laser radar sensor, disposed on the wearable device body, for collecting and analyzing three-dimensional distribution and concentration information of fugitive carbon emissions in the surrounding space and transmitting the information to the AR imaging device via the communication device for display; The tunable diode lidar sensor is based on tunable diode lidar technology and combines tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy technology with differential absorption lidar and time-correlated single photon counting to achieve long-distance spectral detection and ranging of low-power semiconductor diode lasers.

2. A wearable fugitive carbon emission AR imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunable diode laser radar sensor comprises: Distributed feedback lasers, laser modulators, reference gas cells, polarization beam splitters, Risley prism pairs, rotating shaft pairs, motor pairs, collimating lenses, single-photon avalanche diode detectors, and electronic control and signal processing circuits are used to form a closed-loop emission-transmission-reflection-reception signal chain to achieve gas composition identification and spatial positioning.

3. The wearable fugitive carbon emission AR imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An energy storage device is provided on the wearable device body and is used to provide power to the wearable device body.

4. A wearable fugitive carbon emission AR imaging device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: The energy storage device is an energy storage battery.

5. The wearable fugitive carbon emission AR imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A fastening strap is used to fix the wearable device body.

6. The wearable fugitive carbon emission AR imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AR imaging device is an eye mask.

7. A wearable AR imaging device for fugitive carbon emissions according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The wearable device body is a helmet body.

8. A method for detecting gas leaks based on a wearable fugitive carbon emission AR imaging device according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: Step (1): Laser emission and modulation Laser source: Distributed feedback laser emitting near-infrared laser beam; Modulation coding: The near-infrared laser beam enters the laser modulator for modulation; Optical path shaping: The modulated near-infrared laser beam is shaped into a low divergence angle beam by a collimating lens; Step (2): Optical path calibration and spatial scanning System calibration: A low divergence angle beam passes through a reference gas cell to complete internal absorption reference calibration; Dynamic scanning: The system calibrates the laser beam and enters the scanning mechanism composed of a Risley prism pair. The prism pair is driven by a motor pair to rotate independently, realizing two-dimensional dynamic scanning of the laser beam in the target area. Step (3): echo signal reception Diffuse reflection acquisition: The laser beam is diffusely reflected after hitting the non-cooperative target in the detection area, and the echo signal returns along the original path; Signal focusing and detection: The echo signal is guided to the receiving path by a polarization beam splitter, focused by a collimating lens, and then received by a single-photon avalanche diode detector; Step (4): Data solution and 3D imaging Distance calculation: The electronic control and signal processing circuit calculates the target distance by combining the time difference between laser emission and reception through time-correlated single photon counting technology; Concentration inversion: Compare the changes in absorption intensity at different wavelengths, restore the gas absorption spectrum, and invert the gas concentration in the laser path; 3D reconstruction: Combines the 2D point data generated by the scanning system, integrates spatial position and concentration information, and reconstructs a 3D distribution map of gas concentration in the detection scene; Step (5): Real-time visualization and data transmission AR overlay display: The three-dimensional concentration map is transmitted to the AR imaging device in real time by the electronic control and signal processing circuit, intuitively showing the location, concentration and leakage trend of gas leaks.

9. The method for detecting gas leaks using a wearable fugitive carbon emission AR imaging device according to claim 8, wherein: Step (5) also includes: Remote data transmission: Detection data is transmitted to a remote terminal via a communication device, supporting background monitoring and analysis.

10. Application of a gas leak detection method using a wearable fugitive carbon emission AR imaging device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or a wearable fugitive carbon emission AR imaging device according to any one of claims 8 to 9 in detecting methane leaks.

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