Planting method for relieving premature senility of leaves of Nouronia queen grapes

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for relieving premature senility of leaves of Nouronia queen grapes. Aiming at the ubiquitous leaf yellowing and premature senility phenomena in the planting of the queen of Kanea grapes, the invention provides a dynamic planting management technology combining staged precise nutritional supplement and immune regulation, and specifically comprises the following steps: respectively applying chelated boron-zinc-iron-magnesium leaf fertilizers in a 3-4-leaf period, a 4-6-leaf period, a 6-10-leaf period and a reproductive growth period; according to the present invention, by matching with the beta-glucan, the chitin oligosaccharide and the glucan oligosaccharide immunity inducer, and combining with the film stability protection measure during the high temperature period, the physiological decline of the leaves is systematically delayed, the accumulation and the transport of the photosynthetic product are promoted, and the sugar degree and the coloring uniformity of the fruits are improved, such that the commercial fruit rate and the acre yield are significantly improved, and the sustainable development of the None queen grape industry is assisted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grape planting, and in particular to a planting method for alleviating premature senescence of Queen Nina grape leaves. Background Art

[0002] Since its introduction, the Queen Nina grape has been highly sought after in the market for its excellent fruit quality and unique flavor. However, with the rapid expansion of cultivated areas, its cultivation has become increasingly difficult. Premature leaf senescence during fruit ripening has become a key technical bottleneck hindering the sustainable development of the Queen Nina grape industry.

[0003] Based on extensive field research, the inventors found that the following problems are common in Queen Nina grape cultivation:

[0004] In the later stage of fruit expansion, a large number of leaves turn yellow and lose their green color, which seriously weakens the photosynthesis capacity of the plant;

[0005] Premature leaf senescence leads to poor berry coloring, insufficient sugar accumulation, and a decrease in the commercial fruit rate;

[0006] Conventional nutritional management measures (such as simple application of magnesium sulfate and conventional foliar fertilizers) have limited effects on alleviating premature aging symptoms;

[0007] The potential virus infection and element absorption disorder in the early stage of leaf growth aggravate the imbalance of physiological metabolism;

[0008] Traditional planting management lacks precise stage-by-stage regulation, making it difficult to meet the high-quality cultivation needs of Queen Nina grapes.

[0009] Especially in the hot and rainy environment in the south, the problem of premature leaf aging has become more prominent due to the loss of soil nutrients and increased environmental stress, which directly threatens the appearance and internal quality of the fruit, leading to the industry phenomenon of "fear of Nina".

[0010] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new planting technology that can comprehensively regulate nutrient supply and immune protection from the entire process of plant growth, systematically alleviate premature leaf aging, and ensure fruit quality. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cultivation method for alleviating premature aging of Queen Nina grape leaves, which has the advantages of precise nutrient supply, enhanced stress resistance, delayed aging process, and increased fruit commercial rate, solving the problem of fruit quality decline and yield reduction due to leaf function decline in existing cultivation.

[0012] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a planting method for alleviating premature aging of Queen Nina grape leaves, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step S1: Basic nutritional supplementation:

[0014] At the 3-4 leaf stage, spray the grape plants with chelated boron, zinc, iron and magnesium foliar fertilizer at a concentration of 800 to 1000 mg / L. At the same time, spray the beta-glucan immune activator at a dilution of 500 times and a spraying rate of 100 to 150 liters of solution per mu.

[0015] Step S2: Functional nutrition enhancement:

[0016] At the 4-6 leaf stage, spray chelated boron, zinc, iron and magnesium foliar fertilizer for the second time at a concentration of 1000 mg / L, and spray chitin oligosaccharide immune inducer with a deacetylation degree of ≥90%, a dilution concentration of 800 times, and a spraying volume of 100 to 150 liters of solution per mu;

[0017] Step S3: System resistance activation:

[0018] At the 6-10 leaf stage, spray chelated boron, zinc, iron and magnesium foliar fertilizer for the third time at a concentration of 1200 mg / L, and spray oligosaccharide immune inducer with a polymerization degree of 10 to 15, a dilution concentration of 600 times, and a spraying volume of 100 to 150 liters of solution per mu;

[0019] Step S4: Dynamic fertilization during the reproductive growth period:

[0020] From the fruit setting period to the fruit ripening period, dynamic control and management of full-price foliar fertilizer is adopted. The NPK ratio of the full-price foliar fertilizer is 10-5-15 and trace elements are added. The application concentration is 1000 to 1200 mg / L. It is sprayed once every 7 to 10 days and sprayed continuously for 3 to 5 times.

[0021] Step S5: Membrane stability protection during high temperature period:

[0022] When the ambient temperature is above 30℃, add amino oligosaccharides to the complete foliar fertilizer with an active ingredient concentration of 5%, dilute it 400 times, and spray it after mixing. The application amount each time is 100 to 150 liters of solution per mu.

[0023] Preferably, in step S1, the β-glucan immune activator is Lentinan, which has a molecular weight of 100,000 to 150,000 Daltons. Irrigation is prohibited within 12 hours after spraying, and the pH value of the spraying solution is controlled between 5.5 and 6.5. The spraying time is controlled under the condition of a daily average temperature of 25°C to 30°C, and the spraying is applied continuously once.

[0024] Preferably, in step S2, the chitin oligosaccharide immune inducer has a degree of deacetylation of 90% to 95%, a molecular weight controlled at 5 to 8 kilodaltons, and is homogenized by ultrasonic oscillation for 5 to 10 minutes before application, and the relative humidity of the spraying environment is controlled within the range of 60% to 80%.

[0025] Preferably, in step S3, the application condition of the oligodextrose immune inducer is when a water film 20 to 50 microns thick is formed on the leaf surface, and the application conditions include no warning of moderate to heavy rain in the local weather forecast within 48 hours, the leaf surface temperature is controlled at 20°C to 28°C during application, and natural drying is completed within 5 hours after spraying without the need for auxiliary heating or water spraying.

[0026] Preferably, in step S4, the complete foliar fertilizer further includes a compound seaweed polysaccharide extract, the addition ratio of which is 0.2% to 0.5% of the total amount of the applied solution, and the seaweed polysaccharide solution is stirred and mixed at a low speed before spraying, the stirring time is controlled at 10 to 15 minutes, and the stirring rate is controlled at 100 to 150 rpm.

[0027] Preferably, in step S5, the amino oligosaccharides are mixed with the complete foliar fertilizer and then sprayed on the leaves when the temperature is above 30°C. The spraying amount is controlled at 110 to 120 liters per mu each time, and the mixed solution is required to dry naturally on the leaves within 2 hours after spraying.

[0028] Preferably, each stage of operation from step S1 to step S5 is carried out under environmental conditions of temperature of 22°C to 28°C and relative humidity of 65% to 80%, and each foliar spraying operation is limited to be completed between 2 hours after sunrise and 10 am, and the spraying wind speed is not higher than 3 m / s.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The present invention provides chelated trace elements for foliar supplementation at different growth stages, thereby effectively improving magnesium absorption disorders and maintaining stable photosynthetic function of leaves.

[0031] 2. Introducing β-glucan, chitin oligosaccharide and glucan oligosaccharide immune activator to significantly enhance the plant's systemic resistance and antiviral ability;

[0032] 3. Through dynamic fertilization management and film protection measures during high temperature periods, physiological leaf aging can be effectively delayed and the photosynthetic activity period of the plant can be extended;

[0033] 4. Ultimately, the commercial fruit rate, single-bunch fruit weight and per-acre yield were simultaneously improved, providing a scientific basis and practical path for the high-quality and efficient cultivation of Queen Nina grapes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the planting method for alleviating premature senescence of Queen Nina grape leaves according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is the SPAD change trend diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3This is a bar chart comparing the fruit yield of the product of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is the logic block diagram of the nutrition-immunity-disease resistance three-dimensional regulation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] See also Figures 1 to 4 The present invention provides a technical solution: a planting method for alleviating premature aging of Queen Nina grape leaves, comprising the following steps:

[0040] Step S1: Basic Nutrition Supplementation Stage

[0041] During the 3-4 leaf stage of the grape plants, i.e., the initial leaf expansion stage after the seedlings are planted, the present invention establishes basic nutritional supply and primary immune barrier for the plants by synchronously applying chelated boron, zinc, iron and magnesium foliar fertilizers and β-glucan immune activators.

[0042] Chelated boron, zinc, iron and magnesium foliar fertilizer has high-efficiency absorption characteristics, which can quickly supplement the grape's demand for trace elements such as boron, zinc, iron and magnesium in the early growth stage, promote leaf division and expansion, enhance chlorophyll synthesis and improve photosynthetic potential.

[0043] β-glucan (Lentinan, molecular weight 100,000-150,000 Daltons) acts as an immune activator. It activates PR (defense-related) gene expression by inducing local defense responses in leaves, enhancing the stress resistance of cell wall structures, and effectively improving the plant's initial resistance to external pathogens and environmental stresses.

[0044] When applying, the pH value of the solution is required to be controlled at 5.5 to 6.5 to ensure nutrient stability and absorption efficiency; the application concentration is 800-1000 mg / L, the β-glucan dilution concentration is 500 times, and the single spraying volume is controlled at 100 to 150 liters per mu.

[0045] To avoid the loss of nutrients and active ingredients, ensure that there is no irrigation or rainfall within 12 hours after application. At the same time, choose a warm environment with an average daily temperature of 25-30℃ for spraying to promote the opening of leaf stomata and improve the absorption rate.

[0046] In the early stages of leaf development, it strengthens the nutritional and immune bases in both directions, laying a healthy foundation for subsequent plant growth.

[0047] Step S2: Functional nutrition enhancement stage

[0048] During the 4-6 leaf stage of the plant, i.e., the stage of rapid leaf expansion and rapid increase in photosynthetic area, the present invention further strengthens the leaf structure function and resistance system by supplementing chelated nutrients and applying immune inducers.

[0049] Continue to spray chelated boron, zinc, iron and magnesium foliar fertilizer (concentration 1000 mg / L), and at the same time apply chitin oligosaccharide immune inducer (deacetylation degree 90%-95%, molecular weight 5-8 kilodaltons) to promote cell wall reinforcement and induce resistance protein production.

[0050] In order to ensure that the chitin oligosaccharide solution is homogeneously dispersed, it must be ultrasonically oscillated for 5-10 minutes before application. This treatment can break up molecular aggregates and improve bioavailability.

[0051] The spraying environment requires a relative humidity of 60%-80%, because when the leaf surface is moist, the droplets can spread evenly on the surface of the cuticle, promoting absorption.

[0052] During the rapid expansion period of functional leaf formation, the stability and disease resistance of the photosynthetic organs are strengthened, laying the foundation for the accumulation of photosynthetic products during the fruiting period.

[0053] Step S3: System resistance activation stage

[0054] The 6-10 leaf stage is the peak growth period of the plant, when the leaves reach their peak photosynthetic capacity. This stage is the key period that determines the length of the leaf's functional period and the subsequent fruit coloring.

[0055] The present invention activates the plant's endogenous salicylic acid signaling pathway and induces systemic acquired resistance (SAR) by applying a third chelated boron, zinc, iron and magnesium foliar fertilizer (1200 mg / L) in combination with a dextran oligosaccharide immune inducer (polymerization degree 10-15, 600-fold dilution concentration).

[0056] Application operation standardization requirements:

[0057] A 20-50 micron thick water film must form on the leaf surface (judgment can be made by visually observing a uniform, slightly wet state)

[0058] When applying, the leaf surface temperature should be controlled at 20℃-28℃

[0059] Allow to dry naturally within 5 hours after spraying to avoid rain that may damage the efficacy of the drug

[0060] There must be no moderate to heavy rain warning in the weather forecast within 48 hours before and after application.

[0061] Activate the plant's immune memory response through exogenous signals, enhance resistance to high temperature and pathogen stress in the later stage, and extend the active life cycle of leaves.

[0062] Step S4: Dynamic fertilization during reproductive growth period

[0063] During the period from fruit setting to fruit enlargement and maturity, the plant places higher demands on nutrient supply, and the leaves need to maintain efficient photosynthetic energy supply.

[0064] The present invention adopts dynamic application of full-price foliar fertilizer (NPK ratio 10-5-15+trace elements) with an application concentration of 1000-1200 mg / L, a spraying interval of 7-10 days, and 3-5 consecutive times.

[0065] In order to further promote cell metabolism and fruit coloring, 0.2%-0.5% seaweed polysaccharide extract is compounded in the foliar fertilizer and stirred at 100-150 rpm for 10-15 minutes before use to ensure uniform mixing and prevent stratification and precipitation.

[0066] By continuously and dynamically supplementing fast-acting nutrients and bioactive substances, the sugar accumulation of berries is ensured to proceed synchronously, anthocyanin synthesis and fruit coloring are promoted, and the commercial fruit rate is increased.

[0067] Step S5: High temperature membrane stability protection stage

[0068] When the temperature is above 30°C, the risk of lipid peroxidation in plant cell membranes increases, which can easily cause leaves to lose green color and premature aging.

[0069] In this stage, the present invention adds amino oligosaccharides (5% active ingredient, 400 times liquid) to the full-price foliar fertilizer, and the application amount is controlled at 110-120 liters per mu.

[0070] After spraying, the leaves need to dry naturally within 2 hours and artificial watering is prohibited to ensure that the amino oligosaccharides are fully adsorbed on the leaf surface, stabilize the cell membrane structure, and reduce reactive oxygen damage.

[0071] Under high temperature stress environment, exogenous signal substances are used to enhance membrane stability, protect the photosynthetic functional system, and delay the aging process of leaves.

[0072] Comprehensive working environment control

[0073] The spraying operations at each stage are limited to temperatures of 22℃-28℃ and relative humidity of 65%-80%, and the operation time is selected between 2 hours after sunrise and 10 am. The wind speed during spraying does not exceed 3 meters / second to ensure that the spray droplets are evenly deposited and efficiently absorbed to avoid drift losses.

[0074] In order to understand the present invention more clearly, the method of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples. It should be noted that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0075] Example 1: Specific Example of Alleviating Premature Leaf Senescence in Queen Nina Grape Planting

[0076] This example was based on the standardized planting process proposed in the present invention to mitigate premature leaf senescence in the Nina Queen grape variety. The experimental site was located in Weibin District, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, with loamy soil and a temperate semi-humid climate. The test material was two-year-old Nina Queen grape plants grown under excellent cultivation and management conditions.

[0077] During the planting process, fertilization and immune regulation management were carried out in strict accordance with the method of the present invention in stages, as follows:

[0078] 1. Basic nutrition supplement stage (3-4 leaf stage)

[0079] Spray chelated boron, zinc, iron and magnesium foliar fertilizer at a concentration of 900 mg / L;

[0080] Simultaneously administer β-glucan immune activator (lentinan, molecular weight 120,000 Daltons) at a dilution concentration of 500 times;

[0081] The amount of solution applied per acre is 120 liters;

[0082] The pH value of the spray solution was adjusted to 6.0;

[0083] The working hours are from 7:00 to 9:00 in the morning, with an average daily temperature of 26°C and a relative humidity of 70%;

[0084] No irrigation or rainfall is allowed within 12 hours after application.

[0085] Purpose and effect: In the early stage of leaf development, it strengthens the nutritional basis and initial immune activation, effectively promotes chlorophyll synthesis, enhances the ability to accumulate photosynthetic products, and establishes a healthy photosynthetic organ structure.

[0086] 2. Functional nutrition enhancement stage (4-6 leaves)

[0087] The second time, spray chelated boron, zinc, iron and magnesium foliar fertilizer at a concentration of 1000 mg / L;

[0088] Chitin oligosaccharide immune inducer (93% deacetylation, molecular weight 6.2 kilodaltons) was administered at a dilution concentration of 800 times;

[0089] The chitin oligosaccharide solution was ultrasonically shaken for 8 minutes before application;

[0090] The amount of solution applied per mu is 130 liters;

[0091] The relative humidity is controlled at 65%-75% and the temperature is 24℃.

[0092] Purpose and effect: Strengthen the nutrient supply of the expanded functional leaves, enhance cell wall stability and systemic disease resistance, and improve the overall stress resistance of the plant.

[0093] 3. Systemic resistance activation stage (6-10 leaves)

[0094] The third time, spray chelated boron, zinc, iron and magnesium foliar fertilizer at a concentration of 1200 mg / L;

[0095] Administer oligodextrose immune inducer (polymerization degree 12) at a dilution concentration of 600 times;

[0096] When spraying, ensure that a 20-50 micron thick water film forms on the leaf surface;

[0097] The spraying temperature was controlled at 24°C;

[0098] There is no moderate to heavy rain warning within 48 hours after spraying.

[0099] Purpose and effect: To activate the salicylic acid signaling pathway in plants through oligodextrose, induce systemic acquired resistance (SAR), and significantly delay leaf physiological senescence.

[0100] 4. Dynamic fertilization stage during the reproductive growth period (fruit setting to maturity)

[0101] Dynamic application of full-price foliar fertilizer (NPK ratio 10-5-15 + TE) at a concentration of 1100 mg / L;

[0102] 0.3% seaweed polysaccharide extract is compounded in the complete foliar fertilizer;

[0103] Before use, stir at a rate of 120 rpm for 12 minutes;

[0104] Spray once every 7-8 days for 4 consecutive times;

[0105] The spraying amount per mu is 120 liters.

[0106] Purpose and effect: To ensure continuous and efficient nutrient supply during the berry expansion and anthocyanin accumulation period, and to promote the increase of fruit sugar content and coloring uniformity.

[0107] 5. High temperature membrane stability protection stage

[0108] Apply when the temperature is continuously above 30℃;

[0109] Add amino oligosaccharides (5% active ingredient, diluted 400 times) to the complete foliar fertilizer;

[0110] The spraying rate per mu is 110 liters;

[0111] Allow to dry naturally within 2 hours after spraying and do not spray water.

[0112] Purpose and effect: To protect cell membrane stability, improve high temperature resistance and inhibit high temperature-induced photosynthetic function degradation through exogenous immune activators.

[0113] Comprehensive working environment control requirements

[0114] The temperature is controlled between 22℃ and 28℃;

[0115] Relative humidity is controlled at 65%-80%;

[0116] Spraying operations are limited to 2 hours after sunrise until 10 a.m.;

[0117] The spraying wind speed shall not exceed 3 m / s.

[0118] Technical effects and field trial results

[0119] The results of three consecutive seasons of field trials show that the garden using the planting method of the present invention is significantly better than the traditional management method in terms of plant health, fruit coloring and yield indicators. The specific data are shown in the following table:

[0120] Table 1 Comparison of field application effects of the method of the present invention and traditional management methods

[0121]

[0122]

[0123] Based on the above field test results, the present invention systematically improved the nutritional metabolism level and stress resistance of Queen Nina grape leaves through phased precise nutrition supply and immune regulation, significantly increased the fruit commercial rate and yield, and verified the scientificity, effectiveness and wide applicability of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0124] Example 2: Demonstration of the application of Queen Nina grapes in alleviating premature aging in a certain area of ​​Hunan Province

[0125] This example, based on the cultivation technology proposed in this invention to mitigate premature leaf aging in Nina Queen grapes, was tested and demonstrated in Xiaodukou, Li County, Changde City, Hunan Province. This area has a subtropical humid climate, with an average annual temperature of approximately 17.5°C, annual precipitation of approximately 1,300 mm, and high summer temperatures and humidity. The soil type at the test site is light loamy red soil with a pH of 6.2 and moderate water and fertilizer retention.

[0126] The experimental materials are Queen Nina grape plants that have been planted for three years. The overall management level of the park is relatively high, and there was no obvious premature aging in the early stage. However, with the arrival of the high temperature season in summer, the health risk of the leaves increased.

[0127] Planting management is carried out according to the method of the present invention, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0128] 1. Basic nutrition supplement stage (3-4 leaf stage)

[0129] Spray chelated boron, zinc, iron and magnesium foliar fertilizer at a concentration of 850 mg / L;

[0130] Simultaneously administer β-glucan immune activator (lentinan, molecular weight 110,000 Daltons) at a 500-fold dilution;

[0131] The amount of solution applied per acre is 125 liters;

[0132] The pH value of the spray solution was adjusted to 6.1;

[0133] The working hours are from 6:30 to 9:00 in the morning, with an average daily temperature of 27°C and a relative humidity of 72%.

[0134] Purpose and effect: Strengthen the trace element supply and initial immune activation of the leaves in the early stage, stabilize cell division and expansion, and prevent sub-health symptoms of leaves in the early summer.

[0135] 2. Functional nutrition enhancement stage (4-6 leaves)

[0136] The second time, spray chelated boron, zinc, iron and magnesium foliar fertilizer at a concentration of 1000 mg / L;

[0137] Chitin oligosaccharide immune inducer (92% deacetylation, molecular weight 7 kilodaltons) was administered at a dilution concentration of 800 times;

[0138] The solution was ultrasonically shaken for 8 minutes before use;

[0139] The spraying rate per mu is 135 liters;

[0140] During the operation, the relative humidity was controlled at 68%-78% and the temperature was 24.5℃.

[0141] Purpose and effect: To promote the improvement of functional leaf structure, enhance the accumulation of stress-resistant proteins, and improve the plant's physiological tolerance to high temperature and high humidity conditions in the later stage.

[0142] 3. Systemic resistance activation stage (6-10 leaves)

[0143] The third time, spray chelated boron, zinc, iron and magnesium foliar fertilizer at a concentration of 1200 mg / L;

[0144] Administer oligodextrose immune inducer (polymerization degree 11) at a dilution concentration of 600 times;

[0145] Ensure that a 25-40 micron thick water film forms on the leaf surface;

[0146] The spraying temperature is 24℃ and the spraying should be allowed to dry naturally within 5 hours after application.

[0147] Purpose and effect: Through exogenous induction, continuously improve the plant's systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and enhance its ability to resist high temperature stress and pathogen infection in the later stage.

[0148] 4. Dynamic fertilization stage during the reproductive growth period (fruit setting to maturity)

[0149] Dynamic application of full-price foliar fertilizer (NPK ratio 10-5-15 + TE) with a concentration of 1150 mg / L;

[0150] The complete foliar fertilizer is compounded with 0.4% seaweed polysaccharide extract;

[0151] Mix at low speed (120 rpm) for 12 minutes before use;

[0152] Spray once every 8 days for 4 consecutive times;

[0153] The spraying amount per mu is 125 liters.

[0154] Purpose and effect: Support fruit enlargement and pigment accumulation, and prevent uneven berry color or insufficient sugar content due to nutrient imbalance.

[0155] 5. High temperature membrane stability protection stage

[0156] Start when the ambient temperature is continuously higher than 30℃;

[0157] Dilute amino oligosaccharides (5% active ingredient) 400 times and mix it into the complete foliar fertilizer;

[0158] The spraying rate per mu is 115 liters;

[0159] After spraying, it needs to dry naturally within 2 hours.

[0160] Purpose and effect: Improve cell membrane stability, reduce high temperature-induced damage to the photosynthetic membrane system, and delay premature aging of leaves.

[0161] Comprehensive working environment control

[0162] The temperature range is controlled at 22℃-28℃;

[0163] Maintain relative humidity at 65%-80%;

[0164] The spraying time is scheduled to be completed 2 hours after sunrise and before 9:30 am;

[0165] The wind speed during spraying shall not exceed 2.5 m / s.

[0166] Technical effects and field trial results

[0167] The results of two consecutive seasons of application showed that compared with the traditional management group in the park during the same period, the plants in the group managed by the method of the present invention were in good health, and the fruit coloring and quality indicators were significantly improved.

[0168] Table 2 Application effect of the method of the present invention in Xiaodukou area of ​​Hunan

[0169]

[0170]

[0171] Example 2 further verifies that the technical solution of the present invention can stably exert its effect in different climatic regions and different soil conditions, and has good promotion and application prospects and industrialization potential.

[0172] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A planting method for alleviating premature aging of Queen Nina grape leaves, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1: Basic nutritional supplementation: At the 3-4 leaf stage, spray the grape plants with chelated boron, zinc, iron and magnesium foliar fertilizer at a concentration of 800 to 1000 mg / L. At the same time, spray the beta-glucan immune activator at a dilution of 500 times and a spraying rate of 100 to 150 liters of solution per mu. Step S2: Functional nutrition enhancement: At the 4-6 leaf stage, spray chelated boron, zinc, iron and magnesium foliar fertilizer for the second time at a concentration of 1000 mg / L, and spray chitin oligosaccharide immune inducer with a deacetylation degree of ≥90%, a dilution concentration of 800 times, and a spraying volume of 100 to 150 liters of solution per mu; Step S3: System resistance activation: At the 6-10 leaf stage, spray chelated boron, zinc, iron and magnesium foliar fertilizer for the third time at a concentration of 1200 mg / L, and spray oligosaccharide immune inducer with a polymerization degree of 10 to 15, a dilution concentration of 600 times, and a spraying volume of 100 to 150 liters of solution per mu; Step S4: Dynamic fertilization during the reproductive growth period: From the fruit setting period to the fruit ripening period, dynamic control and management of full-price foliar fertilizer is adopted. The NPK ratio of the full-price foliar fertilizer is 10-5-15 and trace elements are added. The application concentration is 1000 to 1200 mg / L. It is sprayed once every 7 to 10 days and sprayed continuously for 3 to 5 times. Step S5: Membrane stability protection during high temperature period: When the ambient temperature is above 30℃, add amino oligosaccharides to the complete foliar fertilizer with an active ingredient concentration of 5%, dilute it 400 times, and spray it after mixing. The application amount each time is 100 to 150 liters of solution per mu.

2. A planting method for alleviating premature aging of Queen Nina grape leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the β-glucan immune activator is Lentinan, which has a molecular weight of 100,000 to 150,000 Daltons. Irrigation is prohibited within 12 hours after spraying, and the pH value of the spraying solution is controlled between 5.5 and 6.

5. The spraying time is controlled under the condition of a daily average temperature of 25°C to 30°C, and the spraying is applied continuously once.

3. The method for alleviating premature aging of Queen Nina grape leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the chitin oligosaccharide immune inducer has a deacetylation degree of 90% to 95% and a molecular weight controlled at 5 to 8 kilodaltons. The chitin oligosaccharide immune inducer is homogenized by ultrasonic oscillation for 5 to 10 minutes before application, and the relative humidity of the spraying environment is controlled within the range of 60% to 80%.

4. The method for alleviating premature aging of Queen Nina grape leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the application conditions of the oligosaccharide immune inducer are when a water film 20 to 50 microns thick is formed on the leaf surface, and the application conditions include no medium to heavy rain warning in the local weather forecast within 48 hours, the leaf surface temperature is controlled at 20°C to 28°C during application, and natural drying is completed within 5 hours after spraying, without the need for auxiliary heating or water spraying.

5. The method for alleviating premature aging of Queen Nina grape leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the complete foliar fertilizer also includes a compound seaweed polysaccharide extract, the addition ratio of which is 0.2% to 0.5% of the total amount of the applied solution, and the seaweed polysaccharide solution is stirred and mixed at a low speed before spraying, the stirring time is controlled at 10 to 15 minutes, and the stirring rate is controlled at 100 to 150 rpm.

6. The method for alleviating premature aging of Queen Nina grape leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the amino oligosaccharides are mixed with the complete foliar fertilizer and sprayed on the leaves when the temperature is above 30°C. The spraying amount is controlled at 110 to 120 liters per mu each time, and the mixed solution is required to dry naturally on the leaves within 2 hours after spraying.

7. The method for alleviating premature aging of Queen Nina grape leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operations of each stage from step S1 to step S5 are all carried out under the environmental conditions of temperature of 22°C to 28°C and relative humidity of 65% to 80%, and each foliar spraying operation is limited to be completed between 2 hours after sunrise and 10 am, and the spraying wind speed is not higher than 3 m / s.

Images