Special bio-organic fertilizer for tomatoes and preparation method of special bio-organic fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a special bio-organic fertilizer for tomatoes and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of bio-organic fertilizers. The special biological organic fertilizer for tomatoes is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36-42 parts of sheep manure, 12-18 parts of kelp, 10-15 parts of cattle bone powder, 4-8 parts of coconut shell ash, 22-28 parts of banana peel, 25-30 parts of rice husk, 5-7 parts of sugar beet pulp, 12-18 parts of pine bark, 1-3 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 5-8 parts of a microbial agent and 8-12 parts of EM bacterial liquid. Wherein the microbial agent is composed of Rhodobacter acinetobacter and Stronophyllum cambogia, and the two strains have a synergistic effect, so that the microbial agent has dual functions of growth promotion and disease resistance, and effectively improves the yield and quality of tomatoes. The organic fertilizer depends on a large amount of agricultural wastes and microbial metabolism, reduces salinization risks, realizes agricultural waste reutilization, reduces production cost and environmental burden, realizes unification of fertilizer efficiency and plant health, meets green agricultural requirements and is suitable for long-term application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bio-organic fertilizers, and particularly relates to a bio-organic fertilizer special for tomatoes and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a common vegetable in the Solanaceae family, widely cultivated around the world. It is widely loved by consumers because of its juicy berries, rich in vitamins and minerals.

[0003] Tomatoes have a vast global consumer market and, therefore, possess significant economic value. With advances in science and technology, tomatoes are primarily produced using cultivation methods. Currently, sunlight-controlled room-temperature cultivation has become the primary method of tomato cultivation, but this also makes tomato plants susceptible to pests and diseases. Once these pests and diseases emerge, they can spread rapidly, causing widespread damage to greenhouse tomatoes and reducing tomato yields, resulting in significant economic losses for vegetable farmers. Furthermore, in pursuit of high yields, growers often overuse chemical fertilizers, leading to nutrient imbalances in the soil and changes in its physical and chemical properties. This not only fails to achieve high yields but also further reduces tomato yield and quality.

[0004] Bio-organic fertilizer, as a kind of fertilizer that organic matter and beneficial microorganism are compounded, has the advantage of adding biological agent and traditional organic fertilizer, such as long action time, wide action property, high fertilizer efficiency, pollution-free production process, etc., simultaneously, bio-organic fertilizer is better in increasing soil biological activity, improving nutrient, improving crop quality and improving crop yield etc., can be used as the first-choice fertilizer of pollution-free vegetable production.For example, China applies for a kind of microbial organic fertilizer of CN113896602A, it comprises the pineapple pantotheca and concave bacillus and cassava residue and humic acid powder that effective living bacteria number ratio is 2:1, this microbial organic fertilizer can effectively dissolve phosphorus and suppress disease, can improve crop traits and increase production and income when being used for the production of crops such as tomatoes.But current consumer buys tomato and pays more attention to quality, but this invention does not improve tomato quality, therefore, be in urgent need of developing a kind of tomato special bio-organic fertilizer that skill improves yield and improves quality simultaneously. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bio-organic fertilizer specifically for tomatoes, which can effectively inhibit common diseases of tomatoes and improve tomato yield and quality.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A bio-organic fertilizer specially used for tomatoes comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36-42 parts of sheep manure, 12-18 parts of kelp, 10-15 parts of cattle bone meal, 4-8 parts of coconut shell ash, 22-28 parts of banana peels, 25-30 parts of rice husks, 5-7 parts of beet pulp, 12-18 parts of pine bark, 1-3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-8 parts of microbial agent, and 8-12 parts of EM bacterial solution.

[0008] Furthermore, the microbial agent is Rufibacter immobilis and Streptomyces luteoverticillatus in a volume ratio of 1:1.

[0009] Furthermore, the Rhodobacter acinetorhabditis elegans was purchased from the China General Microorganism Culture Collection Center with a collection number of CGMCC1.15401 and an original collection date of September 12, 2015; the Streptomyces luteus was purchased from the China General Microorganism Culture Collection Center with a collection number of CGMCC4.6973 and an original collection date of July 22, 2011.

[0010] Furthermore, the cattle bone meal is steamed bone meal.

[0011] A method for preparing a special bio-organic fertilizer for tomatoes, comprising the following steps:

[0012] (1) Preparation of microbial agents:

[0013] Activate Acinetobacter in LB solid medium, then pick a single colony of Acinetobacter and inoculate it into LB liquid medium, and culture at 30℃ and 180r / min until OD 600 =0.6 to obtain seed solution, and then inoculate 5% of the seed solution into LB medium and culture until the bacterial concentration reaches OD 600 =3.0, and obtain the bacterial solution of Acinetobacter rhodobacter; activate the freeze-dried powder of Streptomyces luteus in ISP-2 liquid medium, then take 1 mL of the bacterial solution into ISP-2 liquid medium, and culture at 30°C and 200 r / min until OD 600 =0.6 to obtain seed solution, and then inoculate 10% of the inoculum into ISP-2 medium, and culture at 30 ° C and 220 r / min until OD 600 =3.0, to obtain a Streptomyces luteus bacterial solution; the two bacterial solutions were evenly mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1, and freeze-dried into a freeze-dried powder to obtain a microbial agent;

[0014] (2) Fermentation and decomposition:

[0015] Sheep manure, kelp, banana peel, beet pulp, and pine bark are dried under ventilation to a moisture content of less than 8%, crushed through an 80-mesh sieve, placed in a fermentation tank, and water is added to a moisture content of 60%. EM bacterial solution is sprayed on the fermentation substrate while stirring to ensure that the EM bacterial solution fully contacts the fermentation substrate. After stirring and mixing evenly, the fermentation tank is sealed with a plastic bag, the top is compacted with soil, and the pile is turned over every four days until decomposition is complete. The fermented material is spread out and dried under ventilation to a moisture content of less than 30%, thereby obtaining fermented and decomposed organic matter.

[0016] (3) Biochar preparation:

[0017] After the rice husk is dried, it is cleaned and removed, dried, and added to a reactor. Nitrogen is introduced to evacuate the air, and the reactor is heated and pyrolyzed at 550°C for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, the reactor is crushed and passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain rice husk biochar.

[0018] (4) Granulation:

[0019] The cattle bone meal and coconut shell ash are mixed evenly, and the fermented and decomposed organic matter prepared in step (2), the microbial agent prepared in step (1) and the biochar prepared in step (3) are added in sequence, and finally potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added. The mixture is stirred and mixed evenly, dried to a moisture content of less than 15%, granulated by a granulator, and particles with a particle size of 3-5 mm are screened out to obtain a special organic fertilizer for tomatoes.

[0020] The organic matter in this invention is comprehensive and efficiently slow-release. Ingredients such as sheep manure, kelp, cattle bone meal, and banana peels provide nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, and sulfur to meet the needs of tomatoes throughout their growth period. Beet pulp contains soluble sugars that promote microbial activity, while coconut shell ash is rich in potassium and regulates pH. The porous structure of rice husk biochar absorbs nutrients, reducing loss, extending fertilizer effectiveness, and improving soil water retention. Pine bark contains polyphenols, and kelp contains alginate polysaccharides, which synergize with microbial agents to inhibit soil-borne diseases.

[0021] The biological organic fertilizer of the present invention is added with Rhodobacter acinetum. The Rhodobacter acinetum added in the present invention has a significant growth-promoting ability. On the one hand, it can dissolve insoluble phosphorus in the soil and convert it into a form that can be used by plants, thereby improving the utilization rate of phosphorus. On the other hand, it also has the ability to produce indoleacetic acid, stimulates the development of tomato roots, and improves the water and nutrient absorption capacity. In addition, Rhodobacter acinetum also has the ability to antagonize pathogens, effectively inhibits the growth of Rhizoctonia solani, and has a significant inhibitory effect on tomato root rot.

[0022] The biological organic fertilizer of the present invention also adds Streptomyces luteus, which can decompose insoluble potassium in the soil and help tomato plants obtain nutrients more efficiently. On the other hand, the secondary metabolites produced by this strain effectively inhibit the growth of Alternaria solani and Rhizoctonia solani, reducing the occurrence of tomato early blight and root rot.

[0023] Beneficial effects

[0024] The composite bacterial agent added to the organic fertilizer of the present invention synergizes and enhances efficiency. The Rhodobacter acinetobacter and Streptomyces luteus are compounded in a 1:1 ratio, and have the dual functions of promoting growth and resisting diseases, thereby effectively improving tomato yield and quality.

[0025] The organic fertilizer of this invention relies on natural raw materials and microbial metabolism, reducing the risk of salinization and making it suitable for long-term application. Furthermore, the invention utilizes large amounts of agricultural waste, such as banana peels, rice husks, and beet pulp, enabling the reuse of agricultural waste, reducing production costs and environmental burdens, and achieving a balance between fertilizer efficiency and plant health, meeting the needs of green agriculture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the inhibitory effect of the mixed bacterial solution of two strains on the pathogen of early blight in Example 3 of the present invention. Note: Figure A is a ck graph, and Figure B is an inhibition graph of the mixed bacterial solution in Example 3;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the inhibitory effect of the mixed bacterial solution of two strains on root rot pathogens in Example 3 of the present invention. Note: Figure C is a ck diagram, and Figure D is an inhibition diagram of the mixed bacterial solution in Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but is not limited thereto.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A special biological organic fertilizer for tomatoes comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36 parts of sheep manure, 12 parts of kelp, 10 parts of cattle bone meal, 4 parts of coconut shell ash, 22 parts of banana peels, 25 parts of rice husks, 5 parts of beet pulp, 12 parts of pine bark, 1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 parts of microbial agent, and 8 parts of EM bacterial liquid.

[0031] The microbial agent is Rhodobacter acinetobacter and Streptomyces luteus in a volume ratio of 1:1.

[0032] The preservation number of the Rhodobacter acinetobacter is CGMCC1.15401; the preservation number of the Streptomyces luteus is CGMCC4.6973.

[0033] The cattle bone meal is steamed bone meal.

[0034] A method for preparing a special bio-organic fertilizer for tomatoes, comprising the following steps:

[0035] (1) Preparation of microbial agents:

[0036] Activate Acinetobacter in LB solid medium, then pick a single colony of Acinetobacter and inoculate it into LB liquid medium, and culture at 30℃ and 180r / min until OD 600=0.6 to obtain seed solution, and then inoculate 5% of the seed solution into LB medium and culture until the bacterial concentration reaches OD 600 =3.0, and obtain the bacterial solution of Acinetobacter rhodobacter; activate the freeze-dried powder of Streptomyces luteus in ISP-2 liquid medium, then take 1 mL of the bacterial solution into ISP-2 liquid medium, and culture at 30°C and 200 r / min until OD 600 =0.6 to obtain seed solution, and then inoculate 10% of the inoculum into ISP-2 medium, and culture at 30 ° C and 220 r / min until OD 600 =3.0, to obtain a Streptomyces luteus bacterial solution; the two bacterial solutions were evenly mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1, and freeze-dried into a freeze-dried powder to obtain a microbial agent;

[0037] (2) Fermentation and decomposition:

[0038] Sheep manure, kelp, banana peel, beet pulp, and pine bark are dried under ventilation to a moisture content of less than 8%, crushed through an 80-mesh sieve, placed in a fermentation tank, and water is added to a moisture content of 60%. EM bacterial solution is sprayed on the fermentation substrate while stirring to ensure that the EM bacterial solution fully contacts the fermentation substrate. After stirring and mixing evenly, the fermentation tank is sealed with a plastic bag, the top is compacted with soil, and the pile is turned over every four days until decomposition is complete. The fermented material is spread out and dried under ventilation to a moisture content of less than 30%, thereby obtaining fermented and decomposed organic matter.

[0039] (3) Biochar preparation:

[0040] After the rice husk is dried, it is cleaned and removed, dried, and added to a reactor. Nitrogen is introduced to evacuate the air, and the reactor is heated and pyrolyzed at 550°C for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, the reactor is crushed and passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain rice husk biochar.

[0041] (4) Granulation:

[0042] The cattle bone meal and coconut shell ash are mixed evenly, and the fermented and decomposed organic matter prepared in step (2), the microbial agent prepared in step (1) and the biochar prepared in step (3) are added in sequence, and finally potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added. The mixture is stirred and mixed evenly, dried to a moisture content of less than 15%, granulated by a granulator, and particles with a particle size of 3-5 mm are screened out to obtain a special organic fertilizer for tomatoes.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] A special biological organic fertilizer for tomatoes comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 39 parts of sheep manure, 15 parts of kelp, 13 parts of cattle bone meal, 6 parts of coconut shell ash, 25 parts of banana peels, 27 parts of rice husks, 6 parts of beet pulp, 15 parts of pine bark, 2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of microbial agent, and 10 parts of EM bacterial solution.

[0045] The microbial agent is Rhodobacter acinetobacter and Streptomyces luteus in a volume ratio of 1:1.

[0046] The preservation number of the Rhodobacter acinetobacter is CGMCC1.15401; the preservation number of the Streptomyces luteus is CGMCC4.6973.

[0047] The cattle bone meal is steamed bone meal.

[0048] A method for preparing a special bio-organic fertilizer for tomatoes, comprising the following steps:

[0049] (1) Preparation of microbial agents:

[0050] Activate Acinetobacter in LB solid medium, then pick a single colony of Acinetobacter and inoculate it into LB liquid medium, and culture at 30℃ and 180r / min until OD 600 =0.6 to obtain seed solution, and then inoculate 5% of the seed solution into LB medium and culture until the bacterial concentration reaches OD 600 =3.0, and obtain the bacterial solution of Acinetobacter rhodobacter; activate the freeze-dried powder of Streptomyces luteus in ISP-2 liquid medium, then take 1 mL of the bacterial solution into ISP-2 liquid medium, and culture at 30°C and 200 r / min until OD 600 =0.6 to obtain seed solution, and then inoculate 10% of the inoculum into ISP-2 medium, and culture at 30 ° C and 220 r / min until OD 600 =3.0, to obtain a Streptomyces luteus bacterial solution; the two bacterial solutions were evenly mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1, and freeze-dried into a freeze-dried powder to obtain a microbial agent;

[0051] (2) Fermentation and decomposition:

[0052] Sheep manure, kelp, banana peel, beet pulp, and pine bark are dried under ventilation to a moisture content of less than 8%, crushed through an 80-mesh sieve, placed in a fermentation tank, and water is added to a moisture content of 60%. EM bacterial solution is sprayed on the fermentation substrate while stirring to ensure that the EM bacterial solution fully contacts the fermentation substrate. After stirring and mixing evenly, the fermentation tank is sealed with a plastic bag, the top is compacted with soil, and the pile is turned over every four days until decomposition is complete. The fermented material is spread out and dried under ventilation to a moisture content of less than 30%, thereby obtaining fermented and decomposed organic matter.

[0053] (3) Biochar preparation:

[0054] After the rice husk is dried, it is cleaned and removed, dried, and added to a reactor. Nitrogen is introduced to evacuate the air, and the reactor is heated and pyrolyzed at 550°C for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, the reactor is crushed and passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain rice husk biochar.

[0055] (4) Granulation:

[0056] The cattle bone meal and coconut shell ash are mixed evenly, and the fermented and decomposed organic matter prepared in step (2), the microbial agent prepared in step (1) and the biochar prepared in step (3) are added in sequence, and finally potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added. The mixture is stirred and mixed evenly, dried to a moisture content of less than 15%, granulated by a granulator, and particles with a particle size of 3-5 mm are screened out to obtain a special organic fertilizer for tomatoes.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] A special biological organic fertilizer for tomatoes comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 42 parts of sheep manure, 18 parts of kelp, 15 parts of cattle bone meal, 8 parts of coconut shell ash, 28 parts of banana peels, 30 parts of rice husks, 7 parts of beet pulp, 18 parts of pine bark, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8 parts of microbial agent, and 12 parts of EM bacterial liquid.

[0059] The microbial agent is Rhodobacter acinetobacter and Streptomyces luteus in a volume ratio of 1:1.

[0060] The preservation number of the Rhodobacter acinetobacter is CGMCC1.15401; the preservation number of the Streptomyces luteus is CGMCC4.6973.

[0061] The cattle bone meal is steamed bone meal.

[0062] A method for preparing a special bio-organic fertilizer for tomatoes, comprising the following steps:

[0063] (1) Preparation of microbial agents:

[0064] Activate Acinetobacter in LB solid medium, then pick a single colony of Acinetobacter and inoculate it into LB liquid medium, and culture at 30℃ and 180r / min until OD 600 =0.6 to obtain seed solution, and then inoculate 5% of the seed solution into LB medium and culture until the bacterial concentration reaches OD 600 =3.0, and obtain the bacterial solution of Acinetobacter rhodobacter; activate the freeze-dried powder of Streptomyces luteus in ISP-2 liquid medium, then take 1 mL of the bacterial solution into ISP-2 liquid medium, and culture at 30°C and 200 r / min until OD 600 =0.6 to obtain seed solution, and then inoculate 10% of the inoculum into ISP-2 medium, and culture at 30 ° C and 220 r / min until OD 600 =3.0, to obtain a Streptomyces luteus bacterial solution; the two bacterial solutions were evenly mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1, and freeze-dried into a freeze-dried powder to obtain a microbial agent;

[0065] (2) Fermentation and decomposition:

[0066] Sheep manure, kelp, banana peel, beet pulp, and pine bark are dried under ventilation to a moisture content of less than 8%, crushed through an 80-mesh sieve, placed in a fermentation tank, and water is added to a moisture content of 60%. EM bacterial solution is sprayed on the fermentation substrate while stirring to ensure that the EM bacterial solution fully contacts the fermentation substrate. After stirring and mixing evenly, the fermentation tank is sealed with a plastic bag, the top is compacted with soil, and the pile is turned over every four days until decomposition is complete. The fermented material is spread out and dried under ventilation to a moisture content of less than 30%, thereby obtaining fermented and decomposed organic matter.

[0067] (3) Biochar preparation:

[0068] After the rice husk is dried, it is cleaned and removed, dried, and added to a reactor. Nitrogen is introduced to evacuate the air, and the reactor is heated and pyrolyzed at 550°C for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, the reactor is crushed and passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain rice husk biochar.

[0069] (4) Granulation:

[0070] The cattle bone meal and coconut shell ash are mixed evenly, and the fermented and decomposed organic matter prepared in step (2), the microbial agent prepared in step (1) and the biochar prepared in step (3) are added in sequence, and finally potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added. The mixture is stirred and mixed evenly, dried to a moisture content of less than 15%, granulated by a granulator, and particles with a particle size of 3-5 mm are screened out to obtain a special organic fertilizer for tomatoes.

[0071] Comparative Example 1

[0072] Compared with Example 3, this comparative example uses the same raw materials and steps as Example 3, except that the volume ratio of the microbial agents Acinetobacter rhodobacter and Streptomyces luteus is changed to 1:2.

[0073] Comparative Example 2

[0074] Compared with Example 3, this comparative example uses the same raw materials and steps as Example 3, except that the volume ratio of the microbial agents Acinetobacter and Streptomyces luteus is changed to 2:1.

[0075] Comparative Example 3

[0076] Compared with Example 3, this comparative example uses only Acinetobacter rhodobacter as the microbial agent, and the other raw materials and steps are the same as those of Example 3.

[0077] Comparative Example 4

[0078] Compared with Example 3, this comparative example uses only Streptomyces luteus as the microbial agent, and the other raw materials and steps are the same as those of Example 3.

[0079] Performance Testing

[0080] Functional identification of strains

[0081] Determination of IAA Production: The Salkowski colorimetric method was used to determine the strain's IAA production capacity. The darker the red color after the reaction, the greater the strain's IAA production capacity. The absorbance was measured at 530 nm, and the IAA production was calculated using an IAA standard curve.

[0082] Determination of potassium dissolving ability: The activated strains were inoculated into 50 mL seed liquid culture medium and cultured for 48 hours. The culture was centrifuged at 6000 r / min for 10 minutes and the supernatant was discarded. The bacteria without culture medium were collected and suspended in deionized water to prepare bacterial suspension (OD 600 =0.6). The bacterial suspension was inoculated at a 5% inoculum into a potassium-dissolving liquid medium and cultured for 7 days. An equal amount of inactivated bacterial suspension was used as a control. 10 mL of fermentation broth from the potassium-dissolving liquid medium was added with 2 mL of H₂O₂ and digested in a boiling water bath for 1 hour. The volume was then filled to 10 mL with deionized water and centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 5 minutes. The supernatant was then measured for potassium content using a flame spectrophotometer. Comparison with the blank control was then performed to calculate the strain's decomposition rate of potassium feldspar ore powder.

[0083] Determination of phosphate solubilization ability: The molybdenum antimony colorimetric method was used to determine the phosphate solubilization ability of the strain.

[0084] Determination of the ability to inhibit pathogens:

[0085] The antagonistic effects of each strain against tomato early blight and root rot pathogens were determined using the plate stand-off culture method. A 5mm diameter pathogen cake was inoculated in the center of each culture dish. A 5mm sterilized filter paper was placed approximately 2cm from the center of the pathogen. 5µL of the bacterial solution of each of the two selected strains was dripped onto the filter paper. A treatment inoculated with only the pathogen cake, without the bacterial solution, served as the CK control. Each treatment was repeated three times. The inoculated culture dishes were placed in a 30°C incubator. The colony diameter of the pathogen in each treatment was measured, and the inhibition rate was calculated using the mycelial growth rate method.

[0086] Inhibitory effect of mixed bacterial solution on pathogens:

[0087] The antagonistic effect of the mixed bacterial solution of Example 3 on tomato early blight and root rot pathogens was determined using the plate confrontation culture method. A pathogen cake with a diameter of 5 mm was inoculated in the center of the culture dish, and 10 uL of the bacterial solution of the two bacteria selected in the present invention was dripped vertically about 2 cm away from the center of the pathogen. The treatment of inoculating only the pathogen cake without inoculating the bacterial solution was used as the control, and each treatment was repeated 3 times. The inoculated culture dish was placed in an incubator at 30°C for culture. The inhibition effect diagram is shown in FIG. Figure 1 and Figure 2 .

[0088] The results are as follows:

[0089] Table 1 Identification of the ability of each strain

[0090]

[0091] Planting trials

[0092] The test tomato was Taifan No. 4. The experiment was carried out in Dongcai Village, Huangshan Town, Luozhuang District, Linyi City. The tomatoes in this area were planted in concentrated and continuous areas. Before the experiment, the basic physical and chemical properties of the topsoil were tested, and the results showed that the organic matter was 12.43 g / kg, the alkaline nitrogen was 118.5 mg / kg, the available phosphorus was 56.1 mg / kg, the available potassium was 136.59 mg / kg, and the pH was 6.5.

[0093] A total of 8 groups of experiments were set up: CK group (no fertilizer), T1-T7 groups using the organic fertilizers of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4, and the treatment group using organic fertilizers at a rate of 500 kg per mu, with bio-organic fertilizers applied in holes. The plot area was 20 m 2 Each experiment was repeated three times, with random block arrangement and planting in ridges, with a ridge height of about 0.3m and a plant spacing of 0.5m.

[0094] Occurrence degree and control effect of tomato early blight and root rot:

[0095] The incidence and control efficacy of the two diseases were observed throughout the tomato growth cycle. The incidence of each treatment was recorded according to the tomato early blight and root rot disease grading standard. Early blight grading standard: Ten plants in each experimental group were randomly surveyed, with nine leaves from each plant surveyed, including the top, middle, and bottom. Grading was then based on the percentage of lesions on the entire leaf surface. Grade 0: No lesions; Grade 1: Percentage less than 5%; Grade 3: Percentage between 6% and 10%; Grade 5: Percentage between 11% and 20%; Grade 7: Percentage between 21% and 50%; Grade 9: Percentage greater than 50%. Root rot grading criteria: Ten plants were randomly selected for investigation in each test group. Grade 0: no root discoloration; Grade 1: slight root discoloration, with the discoloration covering no more than 25% of the total root area; Grade 2: discoloration covering 26-50% of the total root area; Grade 3: discoloration covering 51-75% of the total root area; and Grade 4: discoloration covering more than 76% of the total root area or plant death. Disease index (%) = (number of diseased plants at each grade × disease grade) / (total number of plants × highest grade) × 100. Control efficacy (%) = (control group disease index - treatment group disease index) / control group disease index × 100.

[0096] Tomato fruit weight, yield and quality determination:

[0097] Cumulative yield measurements were conducted from the time of tomato harvest, recording the number of fruits and yield per harvest for each treatment group. Finally, the average fruit weight and total yield were calculated. Sampling was performed at peak fruiting stage. Five plants were randomly selected from each treatment group, with two fruits from each plant. Five fruits of uniform size, color, and shape were then selected from these plants for determination of soluble sugar, soluble acid, soluble solids, and vitamin C content. Soluble sugar was determined using the sulfuric acid-anthrone colorimetric method, vitamin C using the 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol method, soluble solids using a refractometer, and soluble acid using standard base titration.

[0098] Table 2 Effects of different treatments on the incidence and control effects of tomato diseases

[0099]

[0100] As can be seen from the data in Table 2, compared with CK, the use of the biological organic fertilizers of Examples 1-3 of the present invention can effectively reduce the occurrence of tomato early blight and root rot, while the comparative examples 3-4 in which the composition of the bacterial agent is changed have significantly reduced to varying degrees the control effects of tomato early blight and root rot compared with Example 3 of the present invention, indicating that the Rhodobacter acinetobacter and Streptomyces luteus used in the present invention have a synergistic effect.

[0101] Table 3 Effects of different treatment groups on tomato fruit and quality

[0102]

[0103] As can be seen from the data in Table 3, compared with the blank control, the bio-organic fertilizer of the embodiment of the present invention can significantly increase the weight and yield of tomato fruit. In addition, as can be seen from the data in Table 3, the solid content, soluble sugar and vitamin C content of the fruits treated with the bio-organic fertilizers of Examples 1-3 are significantly higher than those of the blank control group. Compared with the control, the solid content, soluble sugar content and vitamin C content of the treatment group of Example 3 increased by 24.38%, 20.36% and 34.93% respectively. In summary, the bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention can effectively improve the intrinsic quality of tomato fruit.

[0104] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only some of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Obviously, based on the above embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bio-organic fertilizer for tomatoes, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36-42 parts of sheep manure, 12-18 parts of kelp, 10-15 parts of cattle bone powder, 4-8 parts of coconut shell ash, 22-28 parts of banana peel, 25-30 parts of rice husk, 5-7 parts of beet pulp, 12-18 parts of pine bark, 1-3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-8 parts of microbial agent and 8-12 parts of EM bacterial liquid.

2. The tomato-specific bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The microbial agent is Rufibacter immobilis and Streptomyces luteoverticillatus in a volume ratio of 1:

1.

3. The tomato-specific bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preservation number of the Rhodobacter acinetobacter is CGMCC1.15401; the preservation number of the Streptomyces luteus is CGMCC4.6973.

4. The tomato-specific bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cattle bone meal is steamed bone meal.

5. A method for preparing the tomato-specific bio-organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) Preparation of microbial agents: Activate Acinetobacter in LB solid medium, then pick a single colony of Acinetobacter and inoculate it into LB liquid medium, and culture at 30℃ and 180r / min until OD 600 =0.6 to obtain seed solution, and then inoculate 5% of the seed solution into LB medium and culture until the bacterial concentration reaches OD 600 =3.0, and obtain the bacterial solution of Acinetobacter rhodobacter; activate the freeze-dried powder of Streptomyces luteus in ISP-2 liquid medium, then take 1 mL of the bacterial solution into ISP-2 liquid medium, and culture at 30°C and 200 r / min until OD 600 =0.6 to obtain seed solution, and then inoculate 10% of the inoculum into ISP-2 medium, and culture at 30 ° C and 220 r / min until OD 600 =3.0, to obtain a Streptomyces luteus bacterial solution; the two bacterial solutions were evenly mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1, and freeze-dried into a freeze-dried powder to obtain a microbial agent; (2) Fermentation and decomposition: Sheep manure, kelp, banana peel, beet pulp, and pine bark are dried under ventilation to a moisture content of less than 8%, crushed through an 80-mesh sieve, placed in a fermentation tank, and water is added to a moisture content of 60%. EM bacterial solution is sprayed on the fermentation substrate while stirring to ensure that the EM bacterial solution fully contacts the fermentation substrate. After stirring and mixing evenly, the fermentation tank is sealed with a plastic bag, the top is compacted with soil, and the pile is turned over every four days until decomposition is complete. The fermented material is spread out and dried under ventilation to a moisture content of less than 30%, thereby obtaining fermented and decomposed organic matter. (3) Biochar preparation: After the rice husk is dried, it is cleaned and removed, dried, and added to a reactor. Nitrogen is introduced to evacuate the air, and the reactor is heated and pyrolyzed at 550°C for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, the reactor is crushed and passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain rice husk biochar. (4) Granulation: The cattle bone meal and coconut shell ash are mixed evenly, and the fermented and decomposed organic matter prepared in step (2), the microbial agent prepared in step (1) and the biochar prepared in step (3) are added in sequence, and finally potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added. The mixture is stirred and mixed evenly, dried to a moisture content of less than 15%, granulated by a granulator, and particles with a particle size of 3-5 mm are screened out to obtain a special organic fertilizer for tomatoes.

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