Segmented breeding method for trachinotus ovatus

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a golden pomfret sectional type culture method. According to the sectional type breeding method, nutrition is accurately supplied according to the requirements of the trachinotus ovatus in different growth stages, and the growth speed is remarkably increased; the growth speed of the trachinotus ovatus is obviously increased by optimizing the water temperature and illumination conditions in stages, so that the culture cycle is shortened; the licorice powder and the melatonin are added into the feed, so that the immunity of the trachinotus ovatus is further enhanced, and the use of medicines is reduced. According to the embodiment of the invention, the unit yield and the survival rate of the trachinotus ovatus are improved through sectional culture, and the economic benefit is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a segmented culture method for golden pomfret. Background Art

[0002] Golden pomfret is a warm-water, pelagic migratory fish characterized by rapid growth, strong disease resistance, and tender flesh. It is an important commercial fish species along the southern coast. The golden pomfret aquaculture industry in China began developing in the 1980s, initially focusing on traditional pond farming, which involved small-scale operations and low-tech techniques. In the 1990s, advancements in aquaculture technology led to a shift from single pond farming to cage farming, factory farming, and other methods, with the scale of aquaculture continuously expanding. In the 21st century, driven by policy support and market demand, the golden pomfret aquaculture industry has gradually improved its industrial chain, forming a complete supply chain from seedling production, farming, processing, and sales. In recent years, with the advancement of green development concepts, new aquaculture models such as ecological aquaculture and recirculating aquaculture have gradually become mainstream.

[0003] Currently, golden pomfret aquaculture primarily involves pond farming, cage farming, and factory-scale recirculating aquaculture. While pond farming offers low costs and mature technology, it also presents challenges with water quality management and disease susceptibility. In recent years, ecological aquaculture and recirculating aquaculture have gained increasing attention, improving aquaculture efficiency while also contributing to environmental protection and resource conservation. However, traditional golden pomfret aquaculture often relies on a monoculture model, using identical cages or ponds throughout the entire process and feeding a single feed. This model presents the following challenges: uneven growth rates: the growth requirements of fry and adult fish vary significantly, making a single feed inadequate to meet the nutritional needs of each stage; difficulty in disease control: high-density farming and a monoculture environment can lead to frequent diseases such as bacterial enteritis and furunculosis; and limited profitability: under traditional aquaculture models, golden pomfret have a long growth cycle and low survival rates, making it difficult to maximize economic benefits. Therefore, developing a more scientific and efficient aquaculture solution is crucial for improving the growth rate, survival rate, and profitability of golden pomfret. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a segmented culture method for golden pomfret, which adjusts the culture mode according to the needs of golden pomfret at different growth stages, shortens the culture cycle, and improves unit yield and economic benefits.

[0005] The present invention provides a segmented culture method for golden pomfret, comprising the following steps: Fry cultivation stage: control the water temperature to 25℃~28℃, the salinity to 25‰~35‰, maintain natural light exposure, control the light intensity to 800~1200Lux, and the light duration to 8~10h per day; mix the starter feed with licorice powder and feed; Juvenile culture: When the fry reach 2.5-3.5 cm in length, control the water temperature to 25-27°C and the salinity to 30‰-32‰. Irradiate with blue light, control the light intensity to 2000-3000 Lux, and the light duration to 10-12 hours per day. Mix the fry feed with licorice powder and feed them. Cultivation of medium-sized fish: When the juveniles reach 13-15 cm in length, control the water temperature to 23-25°C and the salinity to 28‰-30‰. Expose them to blue light with an intensity of 3000-5000 Lux and a daily illumination duration of 12-14 hours. Mix melatonin with the medium-sized fish feed and feed them. Adult fish culture: When the fish reach 28-30 cm in length, the water temperature is controlled at 20-23°C and the salinity is 25‰-28‰. Blue light is applied, and the light intensity is controlled at 5000-8000 Lux for 12-14 hours per day. Melatonin is mixed with the adult fish feed and fed to the fish. When the golden pomfret reaches a length of more than 40 cm and a weight of more than 1.5 kg, it is harvested.

[0006] Preferably, the starter feed is fed 4 times a day, and the amount of each feeding is 10% to 15% of the weight of the fry; the amount of the licorice powder is 0.1% to 1% of the weight of the starter feed.

[0007] Preferably, the juvenile feed is fed 4-5 times daily, with each feeding amount being 15%-20% of the juvenile fish's body weight; and the licorice powder is used in an amount of 0.1%-1% of the juvenile feed's mass. The present invention effectively improves the immunity and feed conversion rate of golden pomfret during the fry and juvenile stages, further enhancing the growth performance of the fish.

[0008] Preferably, the medium-sized fish feed is fed 3 to 4 times a day, and the feeding amount each time is 10% to 15% of the medium-sized fish body weight; the dosage of melatonin is 0.01‰ to 0.02‰ of the mass of the medium-sized fish feed.

[0009] Preferably, the adult fish feed is fed 2 to 3 times a day, and the feeding amount each time is 5% to 10% of the adult fish body weight; the dosage of melatonin is 0.01‰ to 0.02‰ of the weight of the adult fish feed.

[0010] Preferably, the dissolved oxygen content in the water is ≥5 mg / L throughout the entire breeding process.

[0011] Preferably, the components of the starter feed are rotifers and / or Artemia nauplii.

[0012] Preferably, the components of the juvenile fish feed are: 30wt%~40wt% fish meal, 25wt%~35wt% defatted corn meal, 10wt%~20wt% soybean meal, 3wt%~5wt% brewer's yeast, 5wt%~15wt% shrimp meal, 2wt%~4wt% emulsified coconut oil and 0.5wt%~1wt% complex minerals.

[0013] Preferably, the components of the medium-sized fish feed are: 25wt%~30wt% of fish meal, 18wt%~20wt% of defatted corn meal, 22wt%~26wt% of soybean meal, 2wt%~4wt% of brewer's yeast, 8wt%~10wt% of shrimp meal, 7wt%~9wt% of emulsified coconut oil, 1wt%~2wt% of lecithin, 0.5wt%~1wt% of complex vitamins and 1wt%~1.5wt% of complex minerals.

[0014] Preferably, the components of the adult fish feed are: 25wt%-35wt% fish meal, 10wt%-15wt% defatted corn meal, 20wt%-25wt% soybean meal, 5wt%-8wt% brewer's yeast, 8wt%-15wt% shrimp meal, 3wt%-5wt% spirulina powder, 5wt%-7wt% emulsified coconut oil, 1wt%-2wt% lecithin, 0.5wt%-1wt% complex vitamins, and 1wt%-1.5wt% complex minerals.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention: Improve growth rate: The segmented breeding method provided by the present invention accurately supplies nutrition according to the needs of golden pomfret at different growth stages, thereby significantly improving the growth rate. The present invention adjusts the water temperature according to the different growth stages of golden pomfret. In the fry stage, the water temperature is controlled at 25°C~28°C, which can promote the rapid growth of the fry. As the fry grows up, the water temperature is appropriately lowered to 23°C~25°C, which is conducive to stable growth in the middle stage. In the adult stage, the water temperature is further lowered to 20°C~23°C, which is beneficial to the health of the adult fish and improvement of meat quality. Irradiating with blue light during the growth stage can not only promote growth, but also enhance the immunity of fish, regulate the physiological rhythm of fish, and reduce the incidence of disease.

[0016] Reduce the incidence of diseases: By optimizing the breeding environment and feed formula, the incidence of diseases, especially bacterial enteritis and furunculosis, is reduced.

[0017] Shorten the breeding cycle: Precise environmental control and nutrient supply shorten the breeding cycle of golden pomfret and improve breeding efficiency.

[0018] Improve economic benefits: Through segmented breeding, the unit yield and survival rate are increased, and the economic benefits are significantly improved.

[0019] Enhance immunity: Adding licorice powder and melatonin to the feed can enhance the immunity of golden pomfret and reduce the use of drugs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to further illustrate the present invention, a segmented culture method of golden pomfret provided by the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1 Prepare feed in advance according to the following ratio: Starter feed: Rotifers.

[0022] Juvenile fish feed: fish meal 35wt%, defatted corn meal 25wt%, soybean meal 15wt%, brewer's yeast 5wt%, shrimp meal 15wt%, emulsified coconut oil 4wt% and complex minerals 1wt%.

[0023] Medium fish feed: fish meal 28wt%, defatted corn meal 20wt%, soybean meal 26wt%, brewer's yeast 4wt%, shrimp meal 10wt%, emulsified coconut oil 8wt%, lecithin 2wt%, multivitamins 1wt% and multiminerals 1wt%.

[0024] Adult fish feed: fish meal 32wt%, defatted corn meal 10wt%, soybean meal 25wt%, brewer's yeast 6wt%, shrimp meal 13wt%, spirulina powder 4wt%, emulsified coconut oil 6wt%, lecithin 1.5wt%, multivitamins 1wt% and multiminerals 1.5wt%.

[0025] Fry cultivation stage: control the water temperature to 26°C and the salinity to 27‰, maintain natural light exposure, control the light intensity to 1000 Lux, and the light duration to 9 hours per day; mix the starter feed with licorice powder and feed it, the amount of licorice powder is 0.8% of the starter feed weight; feed 4 times a day, and the feeding amount each time is 12% of the fry weight; Juvenile culture: When the fry reach 2.5-3.5 cm in length, the water temperature is controlled at 27°C and the salinity is 32‰. Blue light is applied with an intensity of 2500 Lux and the duration of light is 12 hours per day. Juvenile feed is mixed with licorice powder and fed to the fry. The amount of licorice powder is 1% of the weight of the fry feed. The fry are fed 5 times a day, with the amount of each feeding being 15% of the weight of the fry. Cultivation of young fish: When the juveniles reach 13-15 cm in length, the water temperature is controlled at 24°C and the salinity is 28‰. They are exposed to blue light with an intensity of 4000 Lux and a daily illumination duration of 14 hours. Melatonin is mixed with the young fish feed and fed to the young fish at a dosage of 0.01‰ of the weight of the young fish feed. The young fish are fed three times a day, with each feeding amount being 10% of their body weight. Adult fish culture: When the fish reach 28-30 cm in length, the water temperature is controlled at 22°C and the salinity is 25‰. Blue light is applied with an intensity of 6000 Lux for 14 hours per day. Melatonin is mixed with the adult fish feed and fed to the fish at a dosage of 0.02‰ of the adult fish feed mass. The fish are fed three times a day at a dosage of 6% of their body weight each time. When the golden pomfret reaches a length of more than 40 cm and a weight of more than 500 g, it is harvested.

[0026] Example 2 Prepare feed in advance according to the following ratio: Starter feed: Artemia nauplii.

[0027] Juvenile fish feed: fish meal 40wt%, defatted corn meal 25wt%, soybean meal 20wt%, brewer's yeast 5wt%, shrimp meal 5wt%, emulsified coconut oil 4wt% and complex minerals 1wt%.

[0028] Medium fish feed: fish meal 30wt%, defatted corn meal 20wt%, soybean meal 24wt%, brewer's yeast 3wt%, shrimp meal 10wt%, emulsified coconut oil 9wt%, lecithin 2wt%, multivitamins 0.5wt% and multiminerals 1.5wt%.

[0029] Adult fish feed: fish meal 35wt%, defatted corn meal 10wt%, soybean meal 25wt%, brewer's yeast 5wt%, shrimp meal 14wt%, spirulina powder 3wt%, emulsified coconut oil 5wt%, lecithin 1wt%, multivitamins 1wt% and multiminerals 1wt%.

[0030] Fry cultivation stage: control the water temperature to 26°C and the salinity to 27‰, maintain natural light exposure, control the light intensity to 1000 Lux, and the light duration to 9 hours per day; mix the starter feed with licorice powder and feed it, the amount of licorice powder is 0.8% of the starter feed weight; feed 4 times a day, and the feeding amount each time is 10% of the fry weight; Juvenile culture: When the fry reach 2.5-3.5 cm in length, the water temperature is controlled at 27°C and the salinity is 32‰. Blue light is applied with an intensity of 2500 Lux and the duration of light is 12 hours per day. Juvenile feed is mixed with licorice powder and fed to the fry. The amount of licorice powder is 1% of the weight of the fry feed. The fry are fed 5 times a day, with the amount of each feeding being 15% of the weight of the fry. Cultivation of young fish: When the juveniles reach 13-15 cm in length, the water temperature is controlled at 24°C and the salinity is 28‰. They are exposed to blue light with an intensity of 4000 Lux and a daily illumination duration of 14 hours. Melatonin is mixed with the young fish feed and fed to the young fish at a dosage of 0.01‰ of the weight of the young fish feed. The young fish are fed three times a day, with each feeding amount being 10% of their body weight. Adult fish culture: When the fish reach 28-30 cm in length, the water temperature is controlled at 22°C and the salinity is 25‰. Blue light is applied with an intensity of 6000 Lux for 14 hours per day. Melatonin is mixed with the adult fish feed and fed to the fish at a dosage of 0.02‰ of the adult fish feed mass. The fish are fed three times a day at a dosage of 6% of their body weight each time. When the golden pomfret reaches a length of more than 40 cm and a weight of more than 500 g, it is harvested.

[0031] Example 3 Starter feed: Rotifers.

[0032] Juvenile fish feed: fish meal 30wt%, defatted corn meal 25wt%, soybean meal 20wt%, brewer's yeast 5wt%, shrimp meal 15wt%, emulsified coconut oil 4wt% and complex minerals 1wt%.

[0033] Medium fish feed: fish meal 27wt%, defatted corn meal 20wt%, soybean meal 26wt%, brewer's yeast 4wt%, shrimp meal 10wt%, emulsified coconut oil 9wt%, lecithin 2wt%, multivitamins 0.5wt% and multiminerals 1.5wt%.

[0034] Adult fish feed: fish meal 25wt%, defatted corn meal 11wt%, soybean meal 25wt%, brewer's yeast 8wt%, shrimp meal 15wt%, spirulina powder 5wt%, emulsified coconut oil 7wt%, lecithin 2wt%, multivitamins 0.5wt% and multiminerals 1.5wt%.

[0035] Fry cultivation stage: control the water temperature to 26°C and the salinity to 27‰, maintain natural light exposure, control the light intensity to 1000 Lux, and the light duration to 9 hours per day; mix the starter feed with licorice powder and feed it, the amount of licorice powder is 0.8% of the starter feed weight; feed 4 times a day, and the feeding amount each time is 15% of the fry weight; Juvenile culture: When the fry reach 2.5-3.5 cm in length, the water temperature is controlled at 27°C and the salinity is 32‰. Blue light is applied with an intensity of 2500 Lux and the duration of light is 12 hours per day. Juvenile feed is mixed with licorice powder and fed to the fry. The amount of licorice powder is 1% of the weight of the fry feed. The fry are fed 5 times a day, with the amount of each feeding being 15% of the weight of the fry. Cultivation of young fish: When the juveniles reach 13-15 cm in length, the water temperature is controlled at 24°C and the salinity is 28‰. They are exposed to blue light with an intensity of 4000 Lux and a daily illumination duration of 14 hours. Melatonin is mixed with the young fish feed and fed to the young fish at a dosage of 0.01‰ of the weight of the young fish feed. The young fish are fed three times a day, with each feeding amount being 10% of their body weight. Adult fish culture: When the fish reach 28-30 cm in length, the water temperature is controlled at 22°C and the salinity is 25‰. Blue light is applied with an intensity of 6000 Lux for 14 hours per day. Melatonin is mixed with the adult fish feed and fed to the fish at a dosage of 0.02‰ of the adult fish feed mass. The fish are fed three times a day at a dosage of 6% of their body weight each time. When the golden pomfret reaches a length of more than 40 cm and a weight of more than 500 g, it is harvested.

[0036] Comparative Example 1 Prepare feed in advance according to the following ratio: Starter feed: Rotifers.

[0037] Juvenile fish feed: fish meal 35wt%, defatted corn meal 25wt%, soybean meal 15wt%, brewer's yeast 5wt%, shrimp meal 15wt%, emulsified coconut oil 4wt% and complex minerals 1wt%.

[0038] Medium fish feed: fish meal 28wt%, defatted corn meal 20wt%, soybean meal 26wt%, brewer's yeast 4wt%, shrimp meal 10wt%, emulsified coconut oil 8wt%, lecithin 2wt%, multivitamins 1wt% and multiminerals 1wt%.

[0039] Adult fish feed: fish meal 32wt%, defatted corn meal 10wt%, soybean meal 25wt%, brewer's yeast 6wt%, shrimp meal 13wt%, spirulina powder 4wt%, emulsified coconut oil 6wt%, lecithin 1.5wt%, multivitamins 1wt% and multiminerals 1.5wt%.

[0040] Fry cultivation stage: control the water temperature to 26°C, the salinity to 27‰, maintain natural light exposure, control the light intensity to 1000 Lux, and the light duration to 9 hours per day; feed the fish 4 times a day, and the amount of each feed is 12% of the fry weight; Juvenile culture: When the fry reach 2.5-3.5 cm in length, the water temperature is controlled at 27°C and the salinity is 32‰. They are exposed to blue light with an intensity of 2500 Lux and a daily illumination duration of 12 hours. Juvenile feed is fed 5 times a day, with each feeding amount being 15% of the fry's weight. Cultivation of medium-sized fish: When the juveniles reach 13-15 cm in length, the water temperature is controlled at 24°C and the salinity is 28‰. They are exposed to blue light with an intensity of 4000 Lux and a daily illumination duration of 14 hours. They are fed medium-sized fish feed three times a day, with each feeding amount being 10% of their body weight. Adult fish culture: When the fish reach 28-30 cm in length, the water temperature is controlled at 22°C and the salinity is 25‰. Blue light is applied with the light intensity controlled at 6000 Lux and the light duration is 14 hours per day. Adult fish feed is fed three times a day, with each feeding amount being 6% of the adult fish body weight. When the golden pomfret reaches a length of more than 40 cm and a weight of more than 500 g, it is harvested.

[0041] Comparative Example 2 Prepare feed in advance according to the following ratio: Starter feed: Rotifers.

[0042] Juvenile fish feed: fish meal 35wt%, defatted corn meal 25wt%, soybean meal 15wt%, brewer's yeast 5wt%, shrimp meal 15wt%, emulsified coconut oil 4wt% and complex minerals 1wt%.

[0043] Medium fish feed: fish meal 28wt%, defatted corn meal 20wt%, soybean meal 26wt%, brewer's yeast 4wt%, shrimp meal 10wt%, emulsified coconut oil 8wt%, lecithin 2wt%, multivitamins 1wt% and multiminerals 1wt%.

[0044] Adult fish feed: fish meal 32wt%, defatted corn meal 10wt%, soybean meal 25wt%, brewer's yeast 6wt%, shrimp meal 13wt%, spirulina powder 4wt%, emulsified coconut oil 6wt%, lecithin 1.5wt%, multivitamins 1wt% and multiminerals 1.5wt%.

[0045] Fry cultivation stage: control the water temperature to 26°C and the salinity to 27‰, maintain natural light exposure, control the light intensity to 1000 Lux, and the light duration to 9 hours per day; mix the starter feed with licorice powder and feed it, the amount of licorice powder is 0.8% of the starter feed weight; feed 4 times a day, and the feeding amount each time is 12% of the fry weight; Juvenile culture: When the fry reach 2.5-3.5 cm in length, control the water temperature to 27°C and the salinity to 32‰. Maintain natural light exposure with a light intensity of 2500 Lux and a light duration of 12 hours per day. Mix the fry feed with licorice powder and feed it to the fry. The amount of licorice powder should be 1% of the fry feed weight. Feed the fry five times a day, with each feeding amount being 15% of the fry weight. Cultivation of young fish: When the juveniles reach 13-15 cm in length, maintain the water temperature at 24°C and the salinity at 28‰. Maintain natural light exposure, control the light intensity to 4000 Lux, and provide 14 hours of light per day. Mix melatonin with the young fish feed and feed it to the young fish. The amount of melatonin is 0.01‰ of the weight of the young fish feed. Feed the young fish three times a day, with each feeding amount being 10% of the young fish's body weight. Adult fish culture: When the fish reach 28-30 cm in length, the water temperature is controlled at 22°C and the salinity is 25‰. Natural light is maintained at 6000 Lux for 14 hours per day. Melatonin is mixed with the adult fish feed and fed to the fish at a dosage of 0.02‰ of the adult fish feed mass. The fish are fed three times a day at a dosage of 6% of their body weight each time. When the golden pomfret reaches a length of more than 40 cm and a weight of more than 500 g, it is harvested.

[0046] Comparative Example 3 Prepare feed in advance according to the following ratio: Starter feed: Rotifers.

[0047] Juvenile fish feed: fish meal 35wt%, defatted corn meal 25wt%, soybean meal 15wt%, brewer's yeast 5wt%, shrimp meal 15wt%, emulsified coconut oil 4wt% and complex minerals 1wt%.

[0048] Medium fish feed: fish meal 28wt%, defatted corn meal 20wt%, soybean meal 26wt%, brewer's yeast 4wt%, shrimp meal 10wt%, emulsified coconut oil 8wt%, lecithin 2wt%, multivitamins 1wt% and multiminerals 1wt%.

[0049] Adult fish feed: fish meal 32wt%, defatted corn meal 10wt%, soybean meal 25wt%, brewer's yeast 6wt%, shrimp meal 13wt%, spirulina powder 4wt%, emulsified coconut oil 6wt%, lecithin 1.5wt%, multivitamins 1wt% and multiminerals 1.5wt%.

[0050] The water temperature was controlled at 26°C and the salinity was 28‰ during the whole breeding process. Natural light was maintained, the light intensity was controlled at 2000 Lux, and the light duration was 12 hours per day. Fry cultivation stage: Mix the starter feed with licorice powder and feed it to the fish. The amount of licorice powder is 0.8% of the weight of the starter feed. Feed the fish 4 times a day, and the amount of each feeding is 12% of the weight of the fry. Juvenile culture: When the fry reach 2.5-3.5 cm in length, mix the fry feed with licorice powder and feed them. The amount of licorice powder is 1% of the fry feed weight. Feed them 5 times a day, and the amount of each feeding is 15% of the fry weight. Fish culture: When the juveniles reach 13-15 cm in length, mix melatonin with the fish feed and feed them. The amount of melatonin is 0.01‰ of the fish feed mass. Feed them three times a day, and the amount of each feeding is 10% of the fish body weight. Adult fish culture: When the fish reach 28-30 cm in length, mix melatonin with the adult fish feed and feed it. The amount of melatonin is 0.02‰ of the weight of the adult fish feed. Feed the fish three times a day, and the amount of each feeding is 6% of the adult fish body weight. When the golden pomfret reaches a length of more than 40 cm and a weight of more than 500 g, it is harvested.

[0051] Comparative Example 4 Prepare feed in advance according to the following ratio: Starter feed: Rotifers.

[0052] Juvenile fish feed: fish meal 35wt%, defatted corn meal 25wt%, soybean meal 15wt%, brewer's yeast 5wt%, shrimp meal 15wt%, emulsified coconut oil 4wt% and complex minerals 1wt%.

[0053] Medium fish feed: fish meal 28wt%, defatted corn meal 20wt%, soybean meal 26wt%, brewer's yeast 4wt%, shrimp meal 10wt%, emulsified coconut oil 8wt%, lecithin 2wt%, multivitamins 1wt% and multiminerals 1wt%.

[0054] Adult fish feed: fish meal 32wt%, defatted corn meal 10wt%, soybean meal 25wt%, brewer's yeast 6wt%, shrimp meal 13wt%, spirulina powder 4wt%, emulsified coconut oil 6wt%, lecithin 1.5wt%, multivitamins 1wt% and multiminerals 1.5wt%.

[0055] Fry cultivation stage: control the water temperature to 26°C, the salinity to 27‰, maintain natural light exposure, control the light intensity to 1000 Lux, and the light duration to 9 hours per day; feed the fish 4 times a day, and the amount of each feed is 12% of the fry weight; Juvenile culture: When the fry reach 2.5-3.5 cm in length, the water temperature is controlled at 27°C and the salinity is 32‰. They are exposed to blue light with an intensity of 2500 Lux and a daily illumination duration of 12 hours. Juvenile feed is fed 5 times a day, with each feeding amount being 15% of the fry's weight. Cultivation of young fish: When the juveniles reach 13-15 cm in length, the water temperature is controlled at 24°C and the salinity is 28‰. They are exposed to blue light with an intensity of 4000 Lux and a daily illumination duration of 14 hours. Melatonin is mixed with the young fish feed and fed to the young fish at a dosage of 0.01‰ of the weight of the young fish feed. The young fish are fed three times a day, with each feeding amount being 10% of their body weight. Adult fish culture: When the fish reach 28-30 cm in length, the water temperature is controlled at 22°C and the salinity is 25‰. Blue light is applied with an intensity of 6000 Lux for 14 hours per day. Melatonin is mixed with the adult fish feed and fed to the fish at a dosage of 0.02‰ of the adult fish feed mass. The fish are fed three times a day at a dosage of 6% of their body weight each time. When the golden pomfret reaches a length of more than 40 cm and a weight of more than 500 g, it is harvested.

[0056] Test Example 1 1. From the time the fry were released, the time was continued until all golden pomfret of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 reached 500 g; the time required for the fry to reach 500 g or more was recorded for Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, respectively. 200 fry were randomly selected from each group for recording, and the average value was calculated. The morbidity and survival rates of the golden pomfret from the time the fry were released to the time the adult fish reached 500 g were also statistically analyzed for Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.

[0057] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0058] Table 1 The time required for golden pomfret to grow to 500 g, disease incidence and survival rate

[0059] As shown in Table 1, the method provided by the present invention can effectively shorten the breeding period of golden pomfret, improve the disease rate of golden pomfret, increase the survival rate of fry, and thus improve economic benefits.

[0060] Test Example 2 The quality of 500 g of adult fish produced by Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was tested respectively.

[0061] Evaluation Process Appearance quality evaluation: Professional technicians will observe and score the appearance of the fish.

[0062] Meat quality evaluation: Protein content and unsaturated fatty acid content are tested in the laboratory, and meat elasticity is tested manually.

[0063] Taste quality evaluation: Professional tasters conduct blind tests and score based on umami, tenderness, delicateness and overall taste.

[0064] The quality evaluation criteria are as follows, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0065] 1. Appearance quality (full score 30 points) Color (10 points) 10 points: The fish body is bright in color, silvery white or light yellow, without any dullness, blackening or yellowing.

[0066] 7 points: The color is good, but there are slight color unevenness or local darkening.

[0067] 5 points: The color is average, with obvious dullness or yellowing.

[0068] 3 points: The color is poor, dull or black overall.

[0069] 0 points: The color is extremely poor, with obvious signs of deterioration.

[0070] Body symmetry (10 points) 10 points: The fish has a well-proportioned body, a slender body, and the head and body are in a harmonious proportion.

[0071] 7 points: The body is relatively well-proportioned, but there are slight disharmony.

[0072] 5 points: Average body shape, with obvious disharmony.

[0073] 3 points: The body is asymmetrical and has obvious deformities.

[0074] 0 points: Severe body deformity affects the value of the product.

[0075] 3. Fin integrity (10 points) 10 points: The fins are intact, without damage or loss.

[0076] 7 points: The fins are basically intact with some minor damage.

[0077] 5 points: The fin is partially damaged or missing.

[0078] 3 points: The fish's fins are severely damaged, affecting its appearance.

[0079] 0 points: The fin is severely missing or damaged and cannot be repaired.

[0080] 2. Meat quality (out of 30 points) Protein content (10 points) 10 points: Protein content ≥20%.

[0081] 8 points: Protein content is between 18% and 20%.

[0082] 5 points: Protein content is between 15% and 18%.

[0083] 3 points: Protein content is between 12% and 15%.

[0084] 0 points: protein content <12%.

[0085] Unsaturated fatty acid content (10 points) 10 points: Unsaturated fatty acid content ≥15%.

[0086] 8 points: The unsaturated fatty acid content is between 12% and 15%.

[0087] 5 points: The unsaturated fatty acid content is between 8% and 12%.

[0088] 3 points: The unsaturated fatty acid content is between 5% and 8%.

[0089] 0 points: Unsaturated fatty acid content <5%.

[0090] Meat elasticity (10 points) 10 points: The meat is firm and elastic, and recovers quickly after being pressed.

[0091] 7 points: The meat is firm and elastic.

[0092] 5 points: The meat is average in texture and elasticity.

[0093] 3 points: The meat is soft and has poor elasticity.

[0094] 0 points: The meat is loose and not elastic.

[0095] 3. Taste quality (out of 40 points) Umami (10 points) 10 points: Rich in umami flavor, without any fishy or other strange smells.

[0096] 7 points: Strong umami flavor with a slight fishy smell.

[0097] 5 points: The flavor is average, but the fishy smell is more obvious.

[0098] 3 points: The umami taste is light, and the fishy smell is strong.

[0099] 0 points: No freshness, strong fishy or other odors.

[0100] Tenderness (10 points) 10 points: The meat is tender and melts in your mouth.

[0101] 7 points: The meat is tender and slightly chewy.

[0102] 5 points: The meat is of average quality, with a noticeable chewiness.

[0103] 3 points: The meat is tough and hard to chew.

[0104] 0 points: The meat is extremely tough and difficult to eat.

[0105] Taste smoothness (10 points) 10 points: Delicate taste, no roughness.

[0106] 7 points: The taste is relatively delicate with a slight roughness.

[0107] 5 points: Average taste, with a noticeable roughness.

[0108] 3 points: The taste is rough, affecting the eating experience.

[0109] 0 points: The taste is extremely bad and cannot be eaten.

[0110] Overall taste (10 points) 10 points: The overall taste is excellent, fresh, tender, delicate, and has no peculiar smell.

[0111] 7 points: The taste is good, but there are some minor flaws.

[0112] 5 points: The taste is average, with obvious shortcomings.

[0113] 3 points: The taste is poor, affecting the eating experience.

[0114] 0 points: The taste is extremely bad and cannot be eaten.

[0115] Overall score 90~100 points: High-quality golden pomfret, excellent quality.

[0116] 80~89 points: Good golden pomfret, good quality.

[0117] 70~79 points: Medium-sized golden pomfret, average quality.

[0118] 60~69 points: Qualified golden pomfret, of acceptable quality.

[0119] <60 points: Unqualified golden pomfret, poor quality.

[0120] Table 2 Quality evaluation of golden pomfret

[0121] As shown in Table 2, compared with the comparative example, the quality of the golden pomfret produced in Examples 1 to 3 is better, which shows that the method provided by the present invention is beneficial to improving the quality of golden pomfret.

[0122] Although the above embodiment provides a detailed description of the present invention, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A segmented culture method for golden pomfret, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Fry cultivation stage: control the water temperature to 25℃~28℃, the salinity to 25‰~35‰, maintain natural light exposure, control the light intensity to 800~1200Lux, and the light duration to 8~10h per day; mix the starter feed with licorice powder and feed; Juvenile culture: When the fry reach 2.5-3.5 cm in length, control the water temperature to 25-27°C and the salinity to 30‰-32‰. Irradiate with blue light, control the light intensity to 2000-3000 Lux, and the light duration to 10-12 hours per day. Mix the fry feed with licorice powder and feed them. Cultivation of medium-sized fish: When the juveniles reach 13-15 cm in length, control the water temperature to 23-25°C and the salinity to 28‰-30‰. Expose them to blue light with an intensity of 3000-5000 Lux and a daily illumination duration of 12-14 hours. Mix melatonin with the medium-sized fish feed and feed them. Adult fish culture: When the fish reach 28-30 cm in length, the water temperature is controlled at 20-23°C and the salinity is 25‰-28‰. Blue light is applied, and the light intensity is controlled at 5000-8000 Lux for 12-14 hours per day. Melatonin is mixed with the adult fish feed and fed to the fish. When the golden pomfret reaches a length of more than 40 cm and a weight of more than 1.5 kg, it is harvested.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The starter feed is fed 4 times a day, with the feeding amount each time being 10% to 15% of the weight of the fry; the amount of the licorice powder is 0.1% to 1% of the weight of the starter feed.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The juvenile fish feed is fed 4 to 5 times a day, with each feeding amount being 15% to 20% of the juvenile fish body weight; and the amount of the licorice powder is 0.1% to 1% of the weight of the juvenile fish feed.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The medium-sized fish feed is fed 3 to 4 times a day, and the feeding amount each time is 10% to 15% of the medium-sized fish body weight; the dosage of the melatonin is 0.01‰ to 0.02‰ of the mass of the medium-sized fish feed.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The adult fish feed is fed 2 to 3 times a day, with the feeding amount each time being 5% to 10% of the adult fish body weight; the dosage of the melatonin is 0.01‰ to 0.02‰ of the weight of the adult fish feed.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that During the entire breeding process, the dissolved oxygen content in the water should be ≥5mg / L.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The components of the starter feed are rotifers and / or Artemia nauplii.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The components of the juvenile fish feed are: 30wt%-40wt% of fish meal, 25wt%-35wt% of defatted corn meal, 10wt%-20wt% of soybean meal, 3wt%-5wt% of brewer's yeast, 5wt%-15wt% of shrimp meal, 2wt%-4wt% of emulsified coconut oil and 0.5wt%-1wt% of complex minerals.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The components of the medium-sized fish feed are: 25wt%-30wt% fish meal, 18wt%-20wt% defatted corn meal, 22wt%-26wt% soybean meal, 2wt%-4wt% brewer's yeast, 8wt%-10wt% shrimp meal, 7wt%-9wt% emulsified coconut oil, 1wt%-2wt% lecithin, 0.5wt%-1wt% complex vitamins, and 1wt%-1.5wt% complex minerals.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The components of the adult fish feed are: 25wt%-35wt% of fish meal, 10wt%-15wt% of defatted corn meal, 20wt%-25wt% of soybean meal, 5wt%-8wt% of brewer's yeast, 8wt%-15wt% of shrimp meal, 3wt%-5wt% of spirulina powder, 5wt%-7wt% of emulsified coconut oil, 1wt%-2wt% of lecithin, 0.5wt%-1wt% of complex vitamins, and 1wt%-1.5wt% of complex minerals.

Images