Free-form surface milling and polishing machine tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of milling, grinding and polishing machine tools, and discloses a free-form surface milling, grinding and polishing machine tool which comprises a Z-axis sliding table, a first tool shaft and a second tool shaft are fixed to the Z-axis sliding table, a Z-axis feeding device is fixedly connected to the bottom of the Z-axis sliding table, and a guide rail is fixedly connected to the surface of the Z-axis sliding table. The grinding mechanism is arranged, when a workpiece quick-change chuck rotates, a workpiece can be driven to rotate, the workpiece is quickly milled, ground and polished, a workpiece shaft is fixed to a cross-shaped sliding table linearly moving in the X direction and the Y direction, switching of the operation modes of a main shaft and a positioning shaft can be achieved through a numerical control instruction, and machining of a rotary symmetric curved surface and a free-form curved surface is completed; when rough machining or semi-finish machining needs to be conducted on the workpiece, the electric telescopic rod is started to pull the supporting table to move on the surface of the guide rail in the direction of the electric telescopic rod, the tool on the first shaft is selected to be used, and when finish machining or superfinish machining needs to be conducted on the workpiece, the workpiece moves to the machining position of the second tool shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of milling, grinding and polishing machine tools, in particular to a free-form surface milling, grinding and polishing machine tool. Background Art

[0002] A polishing machine is a mechanical device used to polish the surface of a workpiece. Its working principle is that a motor drives a polishing disc mounted on the machine to rotate at high speed. The polishing disc and polishing compound work together to remove contamination, oxide layers, and shallow scratches on the workpiece surface, achieving a smooth and shiny finish.

[0003] Traditional free-form surface processing equipment, first of all, follows the processing sequence of the product, milling and then polishing. Milling and grinding equipment must be matched with corresponding polishing equipment. The large demand for equipment and the variety of equipment increase the cost. Secondly, according to the general process flow, traditional equipment must complete roughing, semi-finishing, finishing and super-finishing. The whole process involves secondary clamping or multiple clamping. The secondary or multiple clamping is the main factor affecting the processing error and the surface quality of the workpiece, and will also lead to low production efficiency. Thirdly, traditional processing equipment processes a single product and has low equipment utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a free-form surface milling and polishing machine tool to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention is a free-form surface milling and polishing machine tool, comprising a bed, a surface of the bed fixedly connected to a slide rail, an upper surface of the bed fixedly connected to an X-axis feed, a top of the bed fixedly connected to a U-shaped frame, and further comprising:

[0007] An adjustment mechanism, the adjustment mechanism comprising a workpiece quick-change chuck, an end of which is provided with a workpiece;

[0008] The grinding mechanism includes a tool shaft 1 and a tool shaft 2, the output end of the tool shaft 2 is fixedly connected to a finishing and super finishing, and the end of the super finishing away from the tool shaft 2 is fixedly connected to the finishing, the tool shaft 1 and the tool shaft 2 can be mounted on a support table that can move up and down, and each tool shaft is equipped with one or two spherical tools to clamp the workpiece, thereby completing roughing, semi-finishing, finishing and super finishing;

[0009] The material blocking mechanism includes a limiting telescopic rod, and the end of the limiting telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a material blocking box.

[0010] Furthermore, a slide bar is fixedly connected to the top of the bed, and two slide bars are provided, and the two slide bars are symmetrically arranged with the X-axis feed as the center, and the number of the slide rails is provided at two, and the two slide rails are symmetrically arranged.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes an X-axis slide, the surface of the X-axis slide is slidably connected to the Y-axis slide, the bottom of the Y-axis slide is fixedly connected to the Y-axis feeding device, and the surface of the Y-axis slide is fixedly connected to the B-axis rotating table. The workpiece is replaced with a dresser on the B-axis rotating table, and the X-axis slide is aligned with the center of the spherical tool. The workpiece axis B axis and the two tool axes are rotated and continuously fed in the Y direction, which can realize in-situ precise dressing of the spherical tool. The spherical tool can be a grinding wheel, a milling cutter or an elastic polishing head.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner wall of the X-axis slide is slidably connected to the surface of the slide rod, the surface of the X-axis feed is fixedly connected to the surface of the X-axis slide, the end of the Y-axis feed device away from the Y-axis slide is fixedly connected to the surface of the X-axis slide, and the end of the workpiece quick-change chuck away from the workpiece is fixedly connected to the output end of the B-axis rotary table.

[0013] Furthermore, the grinding mechanism includes a Z-axis slide, the bottom of the Z-axis slide is fixedly connected to the Z-axis feed device, the surface of the Z-axis slide is fixedly connected to a guide rail, the surface of the guide rail is slidably connected to a support platform, the bottom of the support platform is fixedly connected to an electric telescopic rod, the top of the support platform is fixedly connected to tool axis 1, the output end of the tool axis 1 is fixedly connected to rough processing, and the end of the rough processing away from the tool axis 1 is fixedly connected to semi-finishing processing, the axes of tool axis 1 and tool axis 2 are perpendicular to the planes of the X-axis feed and Y-axis feed devices, the center of the workpiece is at the same height as the center of the B-axis rotary table, and when X and Y move, the contact point between the tool and the workpiece moves along the meridian of the workpiece. When X=0, the center of the workpiece coincides with the axis of the B-axis.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner wall of the Z-axis slide is slidably connected to the surface of the slide rail, the end of the electric telescopic rod away from the support platform is fixedly connected to the surface of the Z-axis slide, and the bottom of the tool axis 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the support platform.

[0015] Furthermore, the material blocking mechanism includes an elastic plate, the surface of the elastic plate is fixedly connected to a curved plate, the surface of the curved plate is fixedly connected to a telescopic material receiving box, the top of the inner wall of the U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to a slide plate, the inner wall of the slide plate is slidably connected to a driven plate, and the top of the driven plate is rotatably connected to a push-down plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom of the elastic plate is fixedly connected to both sides of the Z-axis slide, the end of the elastic plate away from the Z-axis slide is fixedly connected to the bottom of the U-shaped frame, the end of the curved plate away from the elastic plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the driven plate, a circular hole is opened on the surface of the material blocking box, and the end of the limiting telescopic rod away from the material blocking box is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide plate.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention adopts three-axis or multi-axis CNC linkage motion to accurately process free-form surfaces; the present invention combines the two processing modes of milling and polishing to achieve rapid switching; the processing procedures such as roughing, semi-finishing, finishing and super-finishing are concentrated; the processing tools can self-trim, and the waste generated by the processing is blocked to prevent splashing, and the waste is collected in a centralized manner, saving labor for the staff.

[0019] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the X-axis feeding structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the grinding mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the electric telescopic rod of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the material blocking mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material blocking box of the present invention.

[0029] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are as follows:

[0030] In the figure: 1. Bed; 2. Slide rail; 3. X-axis feed; 4. U-shaped frame; 10. Adjustment mechanism; 11. X-axis slide; 12. Y-axis slide; 13. Y-axis feed device; 14. B-axis rotary table; 15. Workpiece quick-change chuck; 16. Workpiece; 30. Grinding mechanism; 31. Z-axis slide; 32. Z-axis feed device; 33. Guide rail; 34. Support table; 35. Electric telescopic rod; 36. Tool axis 1; 37. Rough machining; 38. Semi-finishing; 39. Tool axis 2; 40. Superfinishing; 41. Finishing; 50. Material stop mechanism; 51. Elastic plate; 52. Curved plate; 53. Telescopic material receiving box; 54. Slide plate; 55. Follower plate; 56. Limit telescopic rod; 57. Material stop box; 58. Push-down plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] See also Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, the present invention is a free-form surface milling and polishing machine tool, comprising a bed 1, a slide rail 2 fixedly connected to the surface of the bed 1, an X-axis feed 3 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bed 1, a U-shaped frame 4 fixedly connected to the top of the bed 1, and further comprising;

[0033] The adjustment mechanism 10 includes a workpiece quick-change chuck 15, at the end of which a workpiece 16 is disposed. When the B-axis rotary table 14 slides, the workpiece quick-change chuck 15 and the workpiece 16 are driven to move in the direction of the X-axis feed 3 or in the opposite direction of the X-axis feed 3, thereby adjusting the placement of the workpiece 16 and moving the workpiece 16 to an appropriate position.

[0034] The grinding mechanism 30 includes a tool shaft 1 36 and a tool shaft 2 39. When the support platform 34 moves, the tool shaft 1 36 and the tool shaft 2 39 will be driven to move upward as a whole. The output end of the tool shaft 2 39 is fixedly connected to the finishing 41 and the super finishing 40. The end of the super finishing 40 away from the tool shaft 2 39 is fixedly connected to the finishing 41. At the same time, the tool shaft 2 39 will drive the super finishing 40 and the finishing 41 to move upward;

[0035] The material blocking mechanism 50 includes a limiting telescopic rod 56. When the material blocking box 57 moves downward, it will pull the limiting telescopic rod 56 to extend downward. When the material blocking box 57 moves into place, it will be limited by the limiting telescopic rod 56. The end of the limiting telescopic rod 56 is fixedly connected to the material blocking box 57. At this time, the circular hole on the surface of the material blocking box 57 wraps the surface of the workpiece quick change chuck 15 without contacting it.

[0036] A slide bar is fixedly connected to the top of the bed 1. There are two slide bars, which are symmetrically arranged with the X-axis feed 3 as the center. There are two slide rails 2, which are symmetrically arranged.

[0037] The adjustment mechanism 10 includes an X-axis slide 11, and then the X-axis feed 3 is closed to keep the X-axis slide 11 stationary. The surface of the X-axis slide 11 is slidably connected to the Y-axis slide 12, and the bottom of the Y-axis slide 12 is fixedly connected to the Y-axis feed device 13. At the same time, the Y-axis feed device 13 is started to push the Y-axis slide 12 to move in the direction of semi-finishing 38. The surface of the Y-axis slide 12 is fixedly connected to the B-axis rotary table 14.

[0038] The inner wall of the X-axis slide 11 is slidably connected to the surface of the slide rod, the surface of the X-axis feed 3 is fixedly connected to the surface of the X-axis slide 11, the end of the Y-axis feed device 13 away from the Y-axis slide 12 is fixedly connected to the surface of the X-axis slide 11, and the end of the workpiece quick-change chuck 15 away from the workpiece 16 is fixedly connected to the output end of the B-axis rotary table 14.

[0039] The grinding mechanism 30 includes a Z-axis slide 31, the bottom of the Z-axis slide 31 is fixedly connected to a Z-axis feeding device 32, the surface of the Z-axis slide 31 is fixedly connected to a guide rail 33, the surface of the guide rail 33 is slidably connected to a support platform 34, the bottom of the support platform 34 is fixedly connected to an electric telescopic rod 35, the top of the support platform 34 is fixedly connected to a tool shaft 36, the output end of the tool shaft 36 is fixedly connected to a roughing 37, when the roughing 37 rotates, it will drive the semi-finishing 38 to rotate, the end of the roughing 37 away from the tool shaft 36 is fixedly connected to the semi-finishing 38, when the surface of the semi-finishing 38 comes into contact with the workpiece 16, the tool shaft 36 is started to drive the roughing 37 to rotate.

[0040] The inner wall of the Z-axis slide 31 is slidably connected to the surface of the slide rail 2, and the end of the electric telescopic rod 35 away from the support platform 34 is fixedly connected to the surface of the Z-axis slide 31. The electric telescopic rod 35 is started to pull the support platform 34 to move on the surface of the guide rail 33 toward the direction of the electric telescopic rod 35. The bottom of the tool shaft 2 39 is fixedly connected to the top of the support platform 34. At this time, the tool shaft 2 39 is started to drive the super finishing 40 to rotate. When the super finishing 40 rotates, it will drive the finishing 41 to rotate and perform finishing on the workpiece 16.

[0041] The material blocking mechanism 50 includes an elastic plate 51. When the middle part of the elastic plate 51 bends, it pushes the curved plate 52 to move in a direction approaching each other. The surface of the elastic plate 51 is fixedly connected to the curved plate 52. The surface of the curved plate 52 is fixedly connected to the telescopic material receiving box 53. When the curved plate 52 moves, it pushes the telescopic material receiving box 53 to move in a direction approaching each other and makes the ends of the two telescopic material receiving boxes 53 contact. The top of the inner wall of the U-shaped frame 4 is fixedly connected to the slide plate 54. The inner wall of the slide plate 54 is slidably connected to the driven plate 55. The top of the driven plate 55 is rotatably connected to the push-down plate 58.

[0042] The bottom of the elastic plate 51 is fixedly connected to both sides of the Z-axis slide 31, and the end of the elastic plate 51 away from the Z-axis slide 31 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the U-shaped frame 4, and the end of the curved plate 52 away from the elastic plate 51 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the driven plate 55. When the curved plate 52 moves, it will drive the driven plate 55 to move toward each other on the inner wall of the slide plate 54. A circular hole is opened on the surface of the material blocking box 57, and the end of the limiting telescopic rod 56 away from the material blocking box 57 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide plate 54.

[0043] When in use, first install the workpiece 16 on the end of the workpiece quick-change chuck 15, then start the X-axis feed 3 to drive the X-axis slide 11 to slide on the surface of the slide rod in the direction of the X-axis feed 3 or in the opposite direction of the X-axis feed 3, when the X-axis slide 11 slides, it will drive the B-axis rotary table 14 to move, when the B-axis rotary table 14 slides, it will drive the workpiece quick-change chuck 15 and the workpiece 16 to move in the direction of the X-axis feed 3 or in the opposite direction of the X-axis feed 3, so as to adjust the placement of the workpiece 16 and move the workpiece 16 to the appropriate position, then turn off the X-axis feed 3 to keep the X-axis slide 11 stationary, and at the same time start the Y-axis feed device 13 to push the Y-axis slide 12 to move in the direction of semi-finishing 38, and when the Y-axis slide 12 moves, it will push the B-axis rotary table 14 to move. The B-axis rotary table 14 moves in the direction of semi-finishing 38. When the B-axis rotary table 14 moves, it will push the workpiece quick-change chuck 15 to move in the direction of semi-finishing 38. When the semi-finishing 38 moves, it will push the workpiece 16 to move in the direction of semi-finishing 38, so that the workpiece 16 is in a position directly above the semi-finishing 38. Finally, the Y-axis feed device 13 is closed to keep the B-axis rotary table 14 stationary as a whole, effectively adjusting the workpiece 16, so as to achieve precise position adjustment of the workpiece 16. When the workpiece 16 moves directly above the semi-finishing 38, the Z-axis feed device 32 is started at this time to push the Z-axis slide 31 to move upward. When the Z-axis slide 31 moves upward, it will drive the support table 34 to move upward. When the support table 34 moves, it will drive The tool axis 1 36 and the tool axis 2 39 move upward as a whole. When the tool axis 1 36 moves, the roughing 37 will be driven to move upward. When the roughing 37 moves, the semi-finishing 38 will be driven to move upward and contact the surface of the workpiece 16. At the same time, the tool axis 2 39 will drive the super-finishing 40. The super-finishing 40 and the finishing 41 will move upward. When the surface of the semi-finishing 38 contacts the workpiece 16, the tool axis 1 36 is started to drive the roughing 37 to rotate. When the roughing 37 rotates, the semi-finishing 38 will be driven to rotate. At the same time, the B-axis rotary table 14 is started to drive the workpiece quick-change chuck 15 to rotate. When the workpiece quick-change chuck 15 rotates, it will drive the workpiece 16 to rotate, and the workpiece 16 is quickly milled. When the workpiece 16 needs to be precisely milled During machining, the electric telescopic rod 35 is started to pull the support table 34 to move on the surface of the guide rail 33 toward the electric telescopic rod 35. When the surface of the fine machining 41 contacts the surface of the workpiece 16, the electric telescopic rod 35 is closed to keep the support table 34 stationary as a whole. At this time, the tool shaft 2 39 is started to drive the super finishing 40 to rotate. When the super finishing 40 rotates, it will drive the fine machining 41 to rotate and perform fine machining on the workpiece 16. When finer machining is required, the Z-axis feed device 32 is started to drive the Z-axis slide 31 and the support table 34 to move upward as a whole, move to a position flush with the workpiece 16 and keep stationary, so that the workpiece quick-change chuck 15 contacts the surface of the super finishing 40, and then the tool shaft 2 39 is started to drive the super finishing 40 to rotate.At the same time, the B-axis rotary table 14 is started to drive the workpiece quick-change chuck 15 and the workpiece 16 to rotate, so as to achieve more precise processing of the workpiece 16. When the Z-axis slide 31 moves upward, it will squeeze the elastic plate 51. When the elastic plate 51 is squeezed, the middle part will bend. When the middle part of the elastic plate 51 bends, it will push the curved plate 52 to move in the direction of approaching each other. When the curved plate 52 moves, it will push the telescopic material receiving box 53 to move in the direction of approaching each other, and make the ends of the two telescopic material receiving boxes 53 contact. When the curved plate 52 moves, it will drive the driven plate 55 to move in the direction of approaching each other on the inner wall of the slide plate 54. When the driven plate 55 slides, it will push the push-down plate 58 to move downward. When the push plate 58 moves, it pushes the blocking box 57 to move downward. When the blocking box 57 moves downward, it pulls the limiting telescopic rod 56 to extend downward. When the blocking box 57 moves into place, it is limited by the limiting telescopic rod 56. At this time, the blocking box 57 will wrap the semi-finishing 38 and the workpiece 16 inside, but do not contact them. At this time, the circular hole on the surface of the blocking box 57 wraps the surface of the workpiece quick-change chuck 15 without contacting it, thereby achieving the purpose of blocking the waste generated during the processing of the workpiece 16 by the blocking box 57 to prevent the waste from splashing. When the waste is blocked and falls downward, the waste is caught by the telescopic receiving box 53, thereby achieving the purpose of collecting the waste and saving workers' labor.

[0044] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the present invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible based on the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and described in detail in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A free-form surface milling and polishing machine tool, comprising a bed (1), a surface of the bed (1) fixedly connected to a slide rail (2), an upper surface of the bed (1) fixedly connected to an X-axis feed (3), and a top of the bed (1) fixedly connected to a U-shaped frame (4), characterized in that: Also includes; An adjusting mechanism (10), the adjusting mechanism (10) comprising a workpiece quick-change chuck (15), the end of the workpiece quick-change chuck (15) being provided with a workpiece (16); A grinding mechanism (30), the grinding mechanism (30) comprising a tool shaft (36) and a tool shaft (39), the output end of the tool shaft (39) being fixedly connected to a finishing machine (41) and a superfinishing machine (40), and the end of the superfinishing machine (40) away from the tool shaft (39) being fixedly connected to a finishing machine (41); The material blocking mechanism (50) comprises a position-limiting telescopic rod (56), and the end of the position-limiting telescopic rod (56) is fixedly connected to a material blocking box (57).

2. The free-form surface milling and polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the bed (1) is fixedly connected with a slide bar, and two slide bars are provided. The two slide bars are symmetrically arranged with the X-axis feed (3) as the center. The number of the slide rails (2) is provided with two, and the two slide rails (2) are symmetrically arranged.

3. The free-form surface milling and polishing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (10) includes an X-axis slide (11), the surface of the X-axis slide (11) is slidably connected to a Y-axis slide (12), the bottom of the Y-axis slide (12) is fixedly connected to a Y-axis feeding device (13), and the surface of the Y-axis slide (12) is fixedly connected to a B-axis rotating table (14).

4. The free-form surface milling and polishing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the X-axis slide (11) is slidably connected to the surface of the slide rod, the surface of the X-axis feed (3) is fixedly connected to the surface of the X-axis slide (11), the end of the Y-axis feed device (13) away from the Y-axis slide (12) is fixedly connected to the surface of the X-axis slide (11), and the end of the workpiece quick-change chuck (15) away from the workpiece (16) is fixedly connected to the output end of the B-axis rotary table (14).

5. The free-form surface milling and polishing machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The grinding mechanism (30) includes a Z-axis slide (31), the bottom of the Z-axis slide (31) is fixedly connected to a Z-axis feeding device (32), the surface of the Z-axis slide (31) is fixedly connected to a guide rail (33), the surface of the guide rail (33) is slidably connected to a support platform (34), the bottom of the support platform (34) is fixedly connected to an electric telescopic rod (35), the top of the support platform (34) is fixedly connected to a tool axis (36), the output end of the tool axis (36) is fixedly connected to a roughing machine (37), and the end of the roughing machine (37) away from the tool axis (36) is fixedly connected to a semi-finishing machine (38).

6. The free-form surface milling and polishing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the Z-axis slide (31) is slidably connected to the surface of the slide rail (2), the end of the electric telescopic rod (35) away from the support platform (34) is fixedly connected to the surface of the Z-axis slide (31), and the bottom of the tool shaft (39) is fixedly connected to the top of the support platform (34).

7. The free-form surface milling and polishing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material blocking mechanism (50) includes an elastic plate (51), the surface of the elastic plate (51) is fixedly connected to a curved plate (52), the surface of the curved plate (52) is fixedly connected to a telescopic material receiving box (53), the top of the inner wall of the U-shaped frame (4) is fixedly connected to a chute plate (54), the inner wall of the chute plate (54) is slidably connected to a driven plate (55), and the top of the driven plate (55) is rotatably connected to a push-down plate (58).

8. The free-form surface milling and polishing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the elastic plate (51) is fixedly connected to both sides of the Z-axis slide (31), one end of the elastic plate (51) away from the Z-axis slide (31) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the U-shaped frame (4), one end of the curved plate (52) away from the elastic plate (51) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the driven plate (55), a circular hole is opened on the surface of the material blocking box (57), and one end of the limiting telescopic rod (56) away from the material blocking box (57) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the chute plate (54).

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