Horizontal pushing type landslide ecological management system based on siphon drainage

Abstract

The invention discloses a horizontal pushing type landslide ecological management system based on siphon drainage. The horizontal pushing type landslide ecological management system comprises an upward inclined hole, a guide pipe, a pressure difference sensor, a siphon pump, a drainage control device, an FBG optical fiber sensor and a vegetation type porous concrete groove. The upward inclined hole is formed below the sliding belt, has an inclination angle of 15-25 degrees and is used for guiding accumulated water in the sliding belt to be discharged; the guide pipe is nested in the upward inclined hole to form a siphon drainage channel; the differential pressure sensor is mounted on the conduit to detect the differential pressure of the water inlet and outlet; the siphon pump is connected with a guide pipe and is opened and closed through a drainage control device; when the pressure is 50kPa, a siphon pump is started for forced drainage, and the pressure difference is lt; closing when the pressure is 50kPa; the FBG optical fiber sensor is arranged in the sliding belt and monitors water pressure and micro-deformation in real time. The vegetation type porous concrete groove is connected with a guide pipe outlet. According to the system, minute-level response drainage of accumulated water in the sliding zone is achieved, the slope ecology is synchronously restored, and the landslide instability risk and the engineering operation and maintenance cost are remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster prevention and control, and in particular to a siphon drainage-based flat-push landslide ecological management system. Background Art

[0002] Push-type landslides are a unique type of geological hazard, primarily occurring in areas with nearly horizontal layered rock masses, particularly in red-bed areas such as the Sichuan Basin and the Three Gorges Reservoir area. These landslides are characterized by a gentle rock stratum dip (typically only 3° to 10°) and a nearly horizontal sliding surface. During periods of heavy rainfall, these landslides are pushed horizontally by the hydrostatic and uplift pressures of water in the rock fissures. The extremely high hydrostatic pressure at the sliding surface increases the thrust of the landslide while weakening its shear strength, contributing significantly to the instability of push-type landslides. Therefore, the principle for managing push-type landslides is to prioritize drainage projects, supplemented by structural reinforcement.

[0003] Currently, drainage projects include surface drainage and underground drainage. Underground drainage primarily relies on upward-sloping drainage. However, traditional upward-sloping drainage holes rely on gravity drainage, and the water pressure in the deep sliding zone dissipates slowly (>72 hours), making it unable to respond quickly to heavy rain. The peak hydrostatic pressure of a push-type landslide can reach 300 kPa, and the efficiency of existing drainage technologies is less than 30%. Furthermore, anchoring structures suffer fatigue damage due to water pressure fluctuations, and repair costs account for over 40% of the total project cost. Furthermore, with the deepening of ecological civilization construction, purely engineering-based control measures are no longer sufficient to meet the demands of ecological and environmental protection. Therefore, a push-type landslide control method that can rapidly drain surface water and provide ecological restoration capabilities is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a flat-push landslide ecological management system based on siphon drainage, which can achieve the integrated goals of rapid dissipation of hydrostatic pressure in the sliding zone, layered intelligent control and ecological collaborative restoration.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: a push-type landslide ecological management system based on siphon drainage, characterized in that it includes an inclined hole arranged below the sliding belt, a conduit nested in the inclined hole, and a pressure differential sensor installed on the conduit, the conduit is connected to a siphon pump, and the water pressure difference is detected by the pressure differential sensor to control the opening and closing of the siphon pump, and the drainage efficiency of the inclined hole is improved by the siphon pump and the conduit, and also includes a drainage control device, the drainage control device receives the signal of the pressure differential sensor and determines whether to turn on the siphon pump. This structure significantly improves the drainage efficiency of the sliding belt through the synergistic effect of siphon forced drainage and gravity natural drainage. When the water pressure in the sliding belt rises suddenly, the pressure differential sensor triggers the siphon pump in real time to achieve rapid response drainage and avoid saturation and instability of the sliding belt soil; at the same time, gravity drainage is relied on when the water pressure is low to reduce energy consumption.

[0006] Furthermore, the inclined hole is arranged below the sliding belt and drilled from bottom to top along the inclination direction of the landslide body to guide the drainage of water accumulated in the sliding belt. The inclination angle of the inclined hole is 15°~25°.

[0007] Furthermore, the drainage control device activates the siphon pump when the differential pressure sensor detects a pressure difference between the inlet and outlet greater than 50kPa. When the pressure difference falls below 50kPa, the siphon pump is shut down for forced drainage, relying solely on gravity drainage through the inclined holes. The 50kPa threshold has been precisely calibrated through relevant experiments. Below this threshold, gravity drainage is sufficient, avoiding energy waste. Above this value, it indicates that the sliding belt is on the verge of instability and requires forced drainage.

[0008] Furthermore, fiber optic bridge (FBG) sensors are deployed at different depths within the sliding belt to monitor the belt's water pressure and deformation in real time. The FBG sensors capture the belt's displacement with 0.1mm micro-displacement accuracy, and combine this with water pressure data (ranging from 0 to 500 kPa with a resolution of 1 kPa) to form a distributed sensing network. Furthermore, the FBG optical fiber sensor has a measurement range of 0~500kPa, a resolution of 1kPa, and has a 0.1mm-level micro-displacement monitoring capability.

[0009] Furthermore, the system includes a vegetated porous concrete trough connected to the drainage outlet of the conduit, which is used to dissipate water energy and restore the slope ecosystem. The porous concrete trough reduces the velocity of siphoning high-speed water through its pore energy dissipation mechanism, preventing scour and erosion. Furthermore, the peat soil matrix within the trough provides a support for plant growth.

[0010] Furthermore, the vegetation-type porous concrete trough is a prefabricated structure, the material of which is porous concrete, the surface of which is provided with through holes with a pore diameter of 5 to 20 mm, and the interior is filled with a mixed planting matrix.

[0011] The siphon drainage-based horizontal push landslide ecological management system of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The siphon method can speed up the drainage of accumulated water on the sliding surface, quickly reduce the hydrostatic pressure value on the sliding surface, and reduce the sliding force of the landslide.

[0012] A differential pressure sensor automatically starts and stops the siphon pump. When the water pressure differential on the sliding surface exceeds 50kPa, the siphon pump turns on, accelerating the dissipation of hydrostatic pressure on the sliding surface. When the water pressure differential on the sliding surface is less than 50kPa, the siphon pump turns off, allowing drainage to proceed solely by gravity. This allows for automatic siphon start and stop, while also reducing siphon pump usage when the water pressure differential is low, lowering energy consumption and costs.

[0013] By establishing dynamic feedback control, when the water pressure on the upper sliding surface of the sliding belt is greater than 200kPa, the lower siphon pump is automatically turned on, and the upper and lower layers simultaneously perform siphon drainage to accelerate the dissipation of the hydrostatic pressure in the sliding belt; when the water pressure on the upper sliding surface of the sliding belt is less than 200kPa and the water pressure difference on the lower sliding surface of the sliding belt is less than 50kPa, only the upper siphon pump is started to reduce energy consumption and costs.

[0014] By connecting a vegetation-type porous concrete trough to the drainage outlet, the discharged water can be used to irrigate plants, achieving the functions of water flow energy dissipation and ecological restoration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. The drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a push-type landslide ecological management system based on siphon drainage; In the figure, 1-sliding belt, 2-inclined hole, 3-conduit, 4-differential pressure sensor, 5-FBG fiber optic sensor, 6-vegetation-type porous concrete tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0018] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a push-type landslide ecological management system based on siphon drainage, including a sliding belt 1, an inclined hole 2 arranged below the sliding belt 1, a conduit 3 nested in the inclined hole 2, a pressure difference sensor 4 installed on the conduit 3, FBG optical fiber sensors 5 arranged at different depths inside the sliding belt 1, and a vegetated porous concrete trough 6 connected to the drainage end of the conduit 3.

[0020] Specifically, the sliding belt 1 is a weak shear structure existing in the landslide body and is the main location of landslide sliding; the inclined hole 2 is drilled from bottom to top along the inclination direction of the landslide body. It is set below the sliding belt 1 with an inclination angle of 15° to 25°, which plays the role of guiding the water in the sliding belt to be discharged under the action of gravity.

[0021] Nested within each inclined hole 2 is a conduit 3, a pipe structure with an outer diameter of approximately 80 mm, forming a siphonic drainage channel. A differential pressure sensor 4 is positioned within the conduit 3 to detect the water pressure differential between the conduit's inlet and outlet. When this pressure differential exceeds 50 kPa, the sensor 4 initiates a signal to activate the siphon pump connected to the conduit 3, creating a siphon effect and rapidly forcing the water from the sliding belt to drain. When the pressure differential falls below 50 kPa, the siphon pump shuts off, leaving the inclined hole 2 to drain naturally by gravity.

[0022] The core advantage of this structure is that the inclined hole 2 itself can achieve basic drainage of water in the sliding belt under the action of gravity, and the siphon channel formed by the conduit 3 can be synchronously activated under the pressure difference excitation condition, which greatly improves the drainage speed and efficiency, and avoids the response delay problem of traditional inclined drainage holes caused by the slow dissipation of deep water pressure (>72 hours).

[0023] FBG fiber optic sensors 5 are arranged at varying depths within the sliding belt 1. These sensors have a measurement range of 0–500 kPa, a resolution of 1 kPa, and are capable of monitoring micro-displacements down to 0.1 mm, enabling real-time monitoring of water pressure and deformation. This monitoring data is transmitted to the intelligent control module, which dynamically determines the start and stop status of the siphon system and provides a data foundation for multi-layer sliding belt coordinated drainage.

[0024] In summary, the control system provided in this embodiment comprehensively utilizes the gravity drainage capacity of the inclined hole and the efficient forced drainage mechanism of the siphon device, and is superior to traditional landslide drainage structures in terms of water pressure response speed, control efficiency, and system self-regulation. Example

[0025] This embodiment is a further optimization based on the first embodiment, specifically: The drainage outlet of the conduit 3 is connected to a vegetated porous concrete trough 6 for achieving the dual functions of drainage and energy dissipation and slope ecological restoration.

[0026] Specifically, a porous concrete trough 6 is located at the outlet of the upward-sloping hole 2 to receive the siphoned water discharged from the conduit 3. This trough 6 is a prefabricated structure made of porous concrete with a certain strength and porosity. Its surface is provided with evenly distributed through-holes with a pore size range of 5 to 20 mm. The interior of the trough 6 is filled with a mixed planting medium, such as peat, humus, and loose sand, for growing suitable plants.

[0027] This vegetated porous concrete trough 6 not only slows down the outflow of siphonic drainage, but also diffuses and dissipates energy, preventing concentrated water flow from eroding the slope. It also provides a rooting matrix for plant roots, promoting ecological restoration of the slope. This integrated design of drainage and ecological functions enhances the environmental compatibility and sustainability of the landslide control project. Example

[0028] This embodiment is a further optimization based on the first embodiment, specifically: Slip zone 1 is a sliding fracture zone formed within the landslide mass. It has a certain thickness and may contain one or more sliding surfaces. These sliding surfaces are potential or actual slip surfaces where shear stress is concentrated within slip zone 1. They are often gentle bedding planes or fracture planes, have strong horizontal ductility, and are prone to instability under high hydrostatic pressure.

[0029] To achieve refined management of multi-layered sliding surfaces, inclined holes 2 are installed above and below the sliding belt 1. Each inclined hole 2 is embedded with a conduit 3, forming multiple siphon drainage units. Each siphon unit corresponds to a specific sliding surface or sliding belt layer, creating a vertically layered siphon drainage structure. Each siphon unit is equipped with a differential pressure sensor 4 to control the start and stop of the siphon system.

[0030] At the same time, FBG optical fiber sensors 5 are arranged at different depths of the sliding zone 1 to sense the water pressure and deformation state near each potential sliding surface and reflect the hydraulic change process of the landslide body in real time.

[0031] When the FBG fiber optic sensor 5 on the upper sliding surface of the sliding belt 1 detects that the pore water pressure exceeds 200kPa, the system starts the siphon drainage system connected to the conduit 3 of this layer and simultaneously starts the siphon pump of the lower layer to achieve synchronous siphon drainage of the upper and lower layers; If the water pressure on the upper sliding surface of the sliding belt is less than 200 kPa and the water pressure on the lower sliding surface of the sliding belt is lower (e.g., less than 50 kPa), keep the siphon system closed and only start drainage on the upper sliding surface to reduce energy consumption and costs.

[0032] The above embodiments describe the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A push-type landslide ecological management system based on siphon drainage, characterized in that: The invention comprises an upward inclined hole (2) arranged below the sliding belt (1), a conduit (3) nested in the upward inclined hole (2), and a pressure difference sensor (4) installed on the conduit (3); the conduit (3) is connected to a siphon pump, and the water pressure difference is detected by the pressure difference sensor (4) to control the opening and closing of the siphon pump, thereby improving the drainage efficiency of the upward inclined hole (2) through the siphon pump and the conduit (3); and a drainage control device is also included, wherein the drainage control device receives a signal from the pressure difference sensor (4) and determines whether to start the siphon pump.

2. The siphon drainage-based horizontal push landslide ecological management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inclined hole (2) is arranged below the sliding belt (1) and is drilled from bottom to top along the inclination direction of the landslide body to guide the drainage of accumulated water in the sliding belt. The inclination angle of the inclined hole (2) is 15° to 25°.

3. The siphon drainage-based horizontal push landslide ecological management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drainage control device starts the siphon pump when the pressure difference sensor (4) detects that the pressure difference between the water inlet and outlet is greater than 50 kPa; when the pressure difference is less than 50 kPa, the siphon pump is closed for forced drainage, and only gravity drainage is carried out through the inclined hole (2).

4. The siphon drainage-based horizontal push landslide ecological management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes FBG optical fiber sensors (5) arranged in different depth areas inside the sliding belt (1) and used for real-time monitoring of the water pressure and deformation data of the sliding belt.

5. The siphon drainage-based horizontal push landslide ecological management system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The FBG optical fiber sensor (5) has a measurement range of 0-500 kPa, a resolution of 1 kPa, and has a 0.1 mm level micro-displacement monitoring capability.

6. The siphon drainage-based horizontal push landslide ecological management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a vegetated porous concrete trough (6) connected to the drainage outlet of the conduit (3) for achieving drainage energy dissipation and slope ecological restoration.

7. The siphon drainage-based horizontal push landslide ecological management system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The plant-growing porous concrete trough (6) is a prefabricated structure made of porous concrete, with through holes of 5 to 20 mm in diameter provided on the surface and a mixed planting matrix filled inside.

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