Flexible clamp and turning method for turning variable-diameter thin-wall cylinder component

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a flexible clamp for turning a variable-diameter thin-wall cylinder component and a turning method. The flexible clamp comprises a supporting mechanism and a flexible supporting clamp mechanism which are detachably connected, the supporting mechanism comprises a supporting rod, the supporting rod is detachably connected with the flexible supporting clamp mechanism, and the flexible supporting clamp mechanism comprises a plurality of first supporting assemblies arranged in the circumferential direction. The flexible supporting clamp mechanism can be inserted into the variable-diameter cylinder section of the variable-diameter thin-wall cylinder component in the axial direction of the variable-diameter thin-wall cylinder component, and the first supporting assembly is adjusted to extend in the radial direction so that the first supporting assembly can abut against the inner wall of the variable-diameter cylinder section. The flexible supporting clamp mechanism can effectively avoid workpiece deformation caused by lateral component force, and the flexibility of the flexible clamp is improved. In the machining process, the elastic deformation and vibration of the barrel are controlled within a very small range, and the machining precision is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, in particular to a flexible fixture and a turning method for turning a variable-diameter thin-walled cylindrical component. Background Art

[0002] Thin-walled cylindrical components are widely used in aerospace (such as rocket fuel tanks, aircraft engine casings), precision instruments (such as optical lens barrels, sensor housings), automotive industry (such as lightweight drive shafts) and other fields. Due to the advantages of thin-walled structures (wall thickness is usually <5mm, or even <1mm) such as lightweight and high specific strength, the market demand is growing. However, its turning processing faces core problems such as insufficient rigidity, easy deformation, and large vibration, resulting in low processing accuracy and high scrap rate. Currently, flexible fixtures are more commonly used. Flexible fixtures refer to fixtures that can adapt to workpieces of different shapes and sizes under the same fixture system.

[0003] Currently, for example, Chinese invention patent publication number CN105619107A discloses a flexible fixture for turning thin-walled cylindrical parts. This fixture can be used to simultaneously machine both ends of a cylindrical workpiece and is suitable for machining cylindrical parts of varying sizes. However, this invention only supports the interior of thin-walled straight cylindrical components, resulting in a narrow force range and an unadjustable support point. This prevents multi-directional interaction with external turning tools, which can cause deformation of the thin-walled straight cylinder.

[0004] For example, the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN102179784B discloses a multi-point floating flexible support device. This technology provides a simple and practical flexible device for large thin plate curved surface parts, thereby realizing the flexible manufacturing of large-size or high-precision thin plate curved surface parts. However, the buoyancy adjustment in the design of this mechanism relies on liquid replacement or support unit replacement, and cannot respond to changes in workpiece size or shape (such as variable diameter cylinders) in real time. The changeover time is long during small-batch production of multiple varieties, and the flexibility is poor, making it difficult to meet the efficient needs of flexible manufacturing. In addition, during dynamic processing such as cutting and welding, external loads (such as mechanical vibration and thermal deformation) can easily disrupt the balance of the floating unit, resulting in fluctuations in the support force. The processing accuracy is significantly affected by dynamic interference, especially for precision turning scenarios with strict surface roughness requirements (Ra < 0.4μm). Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a flexible fixture and turning method for turning variable-diameter thin-walled cylindrical components, which solves the technical problems of thin-walled straight cylinder deformation and poor flexibility caused by uneven force on the thin-walled cylinder.

[0007] (2) Technical solution

[0008] In order to achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0009] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flexible clamp for turning a variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component, wherein the variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component includes a connected variable diameter cylinder section and a straight cylinder section, and the flexible clamp includes a detachably connected support mechanism and a flexible support clamp mechanism; the support mechanism includes a support rod, which is detachably connected to the flexible support clamp mechanism, and the flexible support clamp mechanism can move axially along the support rod; the flexible support clamp mechanism includes a plurality of first support components arranged in a circumferential direction, and the flexible support clamp mechanism can be inserted into the variable diameter cylinder section of the variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component along the axial direction, and the first support component is extended radially by adjusting so that it can abut against the inner wall of the variable diameter cylinder section.

[0010] Preferably, the first support assembly includes a flexible support box; the flexible support box includes a box, multiple support rods and multiple pre-stressed springs; the box has multiple through slots arranged in a matrix along the radial direction, the support rods pass through the through slots and slide in the through slots, and the pre-stressed springs are arranged inside the through slots to provide radial elastic support force for the support rods. Each support rod can independently extend and compress the pre-stressed spring, and the pre-stressed spring is used to make one end of the support rod abut against the inner wall of the variable diameter cylinder section.

[0011] Preferably, the flexible support box also includes at least one boss, at least one fixing clip and multiple fixing bolts; the boss is connected to one end of the box away from the inner wall of the reducing cylinder section, multiple first bolt holes are opened at both ends of the boss, and multiple second bolt holes are opened at both ends of the fixing clip. The fixing bolts can pass through the first bolt hole and the second bolt hole in sequence, and the fixing clip is detachably connected to the boss through multiple fixing bolts. Multiple support rods are located between the boss and the fixing clip, and after the support rods are positioned, the multiple fixing bolts are tightened to lock and fix the multiple support rods.

[0012] Preferably, the configuration of the flexible support box is one of the following two types: the flexible support box is a single independent arc structure or a rectangular parallelepiped structure.

[0013] Preferably, the first support assembly also includes a telescopic unit that can be extended and retracted horizontally in the radial direction; the telescopic unit includes a first telescopic rod, a second telescopic rod and a clamping piece that correspond one to one with the flexible support box; the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod are slidably connected through a sliding groove structure, and the end of the second telescopic rod away from the support rod is connected to the flexible support box, and the clamping piece is sleeved on the overlapping section of the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod, and the clamping piece can fix the relative positions of the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod.

[0014] Preferably, the flexible support clamp mechanism further includes a connecting knob; the connecting knob is connected to the flexible support box through a telescopic unit; the connecting knob is rotatably connected to the support rod, and the first support assembly is driven to move axially by rotating the connecting knob.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a rigid support clamp mechanism; the rigid support clamp mechanism is detachably connected to the support mechanism, the rigid support clamp mechanism is axially slidably connected to the support rod, the rigid support clamp mechanism can be inserted into the straight tube section of the variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical member, and the rigid support clamp mechanism can adjust the diameter of the rigid support clamp mechanism according to the diameter of the straight tube section to abut the inner wall of the straight tube section.

[0016] Preferably, the rigid support clamp mechanism includes a top plate, a bottom plate and at least three second support assemblies distributed along the circumference, each second support assembly includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a support block; the top plate and the bottom plate have the same structure and are slidably connected to the support rods, one end of each first connecting rod is hinged to the top plate, and the other end is hinged to the support block, one end of each second connecting rod is hinged to the support block, and the other end is hinged to the bottom plate, and the support block can abut against the inner wall of the straight tube section; by lowering or raising the top plate, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod drive the support block to radially expand and contract so that the support block fits the inner wall of the straight tube section.

[0017] Preferably, the number of the second support assemblies is 6 groups.

[0018] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for turning a variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component, which is applied to the flexible clamp for turning a variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component in the above technical solution to fix the variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component.

[0019] (3) Beneficial effects

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The flexible clamp and turning method for turning variable-diameter thin-walled cylindrical components of the present invention include a detachably connected support mechanism and a flexible support clamp mechanism. The flexible clamp adopts a quickly positioned detachable modular assembly structure, which shortens the clamping time and improves the clamping efficiency.

[0022] The flexible support fixture mechanism can be inserted into a variable-diameter, thin-walled cylindrical component. The first support assembly adaptively adjusts the radial support force based on the diameter change of the variable-diameter cylindrical segment, ensuring that the first support assembly always conforms to the inner wall of the variable-diameter cylindrical segment. The flexible support fixture mechanism can flexibly adjust the magnitude and distribution of the clamping force based on the size and processing requirements of the variable-diameter, thin-walled cylindrical component, ensuring that the direction of the clamping force is always along the normal direction of the variable-diameter, thin-walled cylindrical component. This effectively avoids workpiece deformation caused by lateral force components and improves the flexibility of the flexible fixture. In addition, during the processing process, the elastic deformation and vibration of the cylinder are controlled to a very small range, significantly improving processing accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a flexible fixture for turning a variable-diameter thin-walled cylindrical component according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a side view schematic diagram of a flexible support box of a flexible fixture for turning a variable-diameter thin-walled cylindrical member according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic cross-section at AA;

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic cross-sectional view of a clamping member of a flexible fixture for turning a variable-diameter thin-walled cylindrical member according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 Schematic front view of a rigid support fixture mechanism of a flexible fixture for turning a variable-diameter thin-walled cylindrical member according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a flexible fixture for turning variable-diameter thin-walled cylindrical components according to Example 3 of the present invention.

[0030] [Description of Reference Numerals]

[0031] 1: Support mechanism; 11: Support rod; 12: Support seat; 13: Support column;

[0032] 2: Flexible support fixture mechanism; 21: First support assembly; 211: Flexible support housing; 2111: Housing; 2112: Support rod; 2113: Preload spring; 2114: Boss; 2115: Fixing clip; 2116: Fixing bolt; 212: Telescopic unit; 2121: First telescopic rod; 2122: Second telescopic rod; 2123: Clamping member; 21231: Clamping ring; 21232: Clamping button; 21233: Pressing pin; 22: Connecting knob;

[0033] 3: Rigid support fixture mechanism; 31: Top plate; 32: Bottom plate; 33: Second support assembly; 331: First connecting rod; 332: Second connecting rod; 333: Support block;

[0034] a: Reducer section; b: Straight section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation methods in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component includes a variable diameter cylinder section a and a straight cylinder section b connected. Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a flexible fixture for turning thin-walled cylindrical components with variable diameters. The flexible fixture includes a detachably connected support mechanism 1 and a flexible support fixture mechanism 2. The support mechanism 1 includes a support rod 11, which is detachably connected to the flexible support fixture mechanism 2 and rotatably connected to the flexible support fixture mechanism 2. The flexible support fixture mechanism 2 is capable of axial movement along the variable support rod 11. The flexible fixture adopts a detachable modular assembly structure with rapid positioning, which shortens clamping time and improves clamping efficiency.

[0038] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the support mechanism 1 further includes a support base 12 and a support column 13 connected to each other, the top of the support base 12 is connected to the support rod 11, and the bottom of the support base 12 is connected to the support column 13. The support column 13 is connected to the three-jaw chuck of the lathe to achieve stable clamping.

[0039] It should be noted that the three-jaw chuck of the lathe is prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0040] Preferably, the support rod 11 is a threaded screw, and the flexible support fixture 2 is assembled axially along the screw, with precise axial position adjustment achieved through a threaded pair. This allows the support point of the flexible support fixture 2 to be accurately aligned with the force point of the external turning tool, generating a dynamic support reaction force corresponding to the direction of the cutting force. This force-balancing design can offset the deformation tendency caused by the cutting force in real time during the machining process, significantly reducing the machining deformation error of the workpiece and ensuring the machining accuracy of variable-diameter thin-walled cylindrical components.

[0041] The flexible support fixture mechanism 2 includes multiple first support assemblies 21 arranged circumferentially. These flexible support fixtures 2 are capable of being inserted axially into the variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical member's variable diameter segment a. The first support assemblies 21 are adjusted to radially extend so as to abut against the inner wall of the variable diameter segment a. After adjustment, the first support assemblies 21 consistently adhere to the inner wall of the variable diameter segment a. Furthermore, during machining, the elastic deformation and vibration of the cylindrical member are kept to a minimum, significantly improving machining accuracy.

[0042] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, the first support assembly 21 includes a flexible support box 211. Figure 3 As shown, the flexible support box 211 includes a box 2111, a plurality of support rods 2112, and a plurality of pre-stressed springs 2113. The box 2111 is provided with a plurality of through slots arranged in a matrix along the radial direction. The support rods 2112 pass through the through slots and slide in the through slots. The pre-stressed springs 2113 are arranged inside the through slots to provide radial elastic support force for the support rods 2112. Each support rod 2112 can independently retract and compress the pre-stressed spring 2113. Through the elastic support force of the pre-stressed spring 2113, one end of the support rod 2112 is brought into contact with the inner wall of the variable diameter cylinder section a. The radial extension function is achieved by the pre-stressed spring 2113 in the flexible support box 211, and the pre-stressed spring 2113 achieves smooth radial displacement, thereby ensuring the flexible adjustment capability of the flexible support clamp mechanism 2. The uniformly distributed flexible support box 211 forms a uniformly distributed multi-point contact mechanism. Through several groups of support rods 2112, evenly distributed along the circumference, each support rod 2112 can independently adjust pressure and automatically adjust its contact state according to the inner wall profile of the variable diameter cylinder section a, forming a stable multi-point balanced support system. This not only ensures uniform support but also adapts to the processing characteristics of the workpiece, significantly improving the stability of thin-walled workpiece processing. Furthermore, the flexible support box 211 can flexibly adjust the magnitude and distribution of the clamping force according to the size and processing requirements of the variable diameter thin-walled cylinder component, ensuring that the direction of the clamping force is always along the normal direction of the variable diameter thin-walled cylinder component, effectively avoiding workpiece deformation caused by lateral force components and improving the flexibility of the flexible fixture.

[0043] In order to ensure the rigidity requirement of the flexible support fixture mechanism 2, as Figure 3As shown, the flexible support box 211 comprises at least one boss 2114, at least one fixing clip 2115, and a plurality of fixing bolts 2116. The boss 2114 is connected to one end of the box 2111 away from the inner wall of the reducing cylinder section a. A plurality of first bolt holes are defined at both ends of the boss 2114, and a plurality of second bolt holes are defined at both ends of the fixing clip 2115. The fixing bolts 2116 can sequentially pass through the first and second bolt holes. The fixing clip 2115 is detachably connected to the boss 2114 via the plurality of fixing bolts 2116. A plurality of support rods 2112 are positioned between the boss 2114 and the fixing clip 2115. After the support rods 2112 are positioned, the plurality of fixing bolts 2116 are tightened to secure the plurality of support rods 2112. Among them, the fixing clip 2115 and the fixing bolt 2116 form a clamping mechanism, which can secondary fix the compressed length of the support rod 2112 to prevent the internal spring from being unstable during external turning of parts, resulting in an imbalance of internal and external forces, thereby providing reliable processing stability.

[0044] Preferably, the boss 2114 is integrally connected to the box body 2111 .

[0045] Preferably, all flexible support boxes 211 are located at the same height.

[0046] Preferably, if Figure 2 As shown, the flexible support box 211 is a single independent arc-shaped structure. The configuration of the flexible support box 211 in this embodiment can perfectly fit the curvature change of the inner wall of the variable diameter cylinder section a.

[0047] Furthermore, if Figure 2As shown, the first support assembly 21 also includes a telescopic unit 212 that can be telescoped horizontally in the radial direction. The telescopic unit 212 includes a first telescopic rod 2121, a second telescopic rod 2122 and a clamping member 2123 that correspond one to one with the flexible support box 211. The first telescopic rod 2121 and the second telescopic rod 2122 are slidably connected by a slide groove structure. The end of the second telescopic rod 2122 away from the support rod 11 is connected to the flexible support box 211. The clamping member 2123 is sleeved on the overlapping section of the first telescopic rod 2121 and the second telescopic rod 2122. The clamping member 2123 can fix the relative positions of the first telescopic rod 2121 and the second telescopic rod 2122. The telescopic unit 212 provides flexible position adaptation capabilities and can meet the processing and positioning requirements of thin-walled cylindrical components of different specifications. The telescopic unit 212 moves synchronously in the circumferential direction to achieve uniform expansion of the support radius. After radial positioning, telescopic unit 212 is rigidly locked using fixing clips 2115 and fixing bolts 2116 at the rear of flexible support housing 211, forming a stable internal support. This ensures uniform contact between the flexible support fixture mechanism 2 and the inner wall of the thin-walled cylindrical component, while also ensuring support stability during machining through mechanical locking, making it particularly suitable for the precision machining requirements of thin-walled cylindrical components.

[0048] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, the clamping member 2123 includes a clamping ring 21231, a clamping button 21232, and a pressing pin 21233. The clamping ring 21231 is mounted on the overlapping section of the first telescopic rod 2121 and the second telescopic rod 2122. One end of the pressing pin 21233 abuts the clamping button 21232, while the other end abuts the surface of the first telescopic rod 2121. Pressing the clamping button 21232 moves the pressing pin 21233 downward, causing it to abut the surface of the first telescopic rod 2121, thereby fixing the relative position of the first telescopic rod 2121 and the second telescopic rod 2122 and locking their lengths. The clamping member 2123 secures the lengths of the first telescopic rod 2121 and the second telescopic rod 2122 through a friction locking mechanism.

[0049] Preferably, in order to increase accuracy, a scale is set on each of the first telescopic rod 2121 and the second telescopic rod 2122.

[0050] It should be noted that the clamping button 21232 is composed of a push rod and an eccentric shaft. Due to the design of the eccentric shaft, the push rod connected thereto can move downward as the shaft rotates, thereby achieving the purpose of pressing down.

[0051] Furthermore, if Figure 2As shown, the flexible support fixture mechanism 2 further includes a connecting knob 22. The connecting knob 22 is connected to the flexible support box 211 through the telescopic unit 212, and the connecting knob 22 is rotatably connected to the support rod 11. By rotating the connecting knob 22, the first support assembly 21 is driven to move axially.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the first support components 21 is 6, and the connecting knob 22 is a hexagonal structure.

[0053] The above components work together through precise coordination to form an adaptive internal support system of the flexible support fixture mechanism 2. While ensuring sufficient support stiffness, it can effectively adapt to the special structural requirements of the workpiece of the variable diameter cylinder section a, significantly improving processing accuracy and stability.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, the flexible fixture for turning variable-diameter thin-walled cylindrical components also includes a rigid support fixture mechanism 3. The rigid support fixture mechanism 3 is detachably connected to the support mechanism 1 and is axially slidably connected to the support rod 11. The rigid support fixture mechanism 3 can be inserted into the straight cylindrical section b of the variable-diameter thin-walled cylindrical component. The rigid support fixture mechanism 3 can adjust its diameter according to the diameter of the straight cylindrical section b to fit the inner wall of the straight cylindrical section b. The rigid support fixture mechanism 3 provides stable and uniform circumferential support for the straight cylindrical section b through its high-strength support structure and precise adjustment mechanism.

[0055] Specifically, if Figure 6 As shown, the rigid support fixture mechanism 3 includes a top plate 31, a bottom plate 32, and at least three circumferentially distributed second support assemblies 33. Each second support assembly 33 includes a first connecting rod 331, a second connecting rod 332, and a support block 333. The top plate 31 and the bottom plate 32 have the same structure and are slidably connected to the support rod 11. One end of each first connecting rod 331 is hinged to the top plate 31 and the other end is hinged to the support block 333. One end of each second connecting rod 332 is hinged to the support block 333 and the other end is hinged to the bottom plate 32. The support block 333 can abut the inner wall of the straight tube section b. By lowering or raising the top plate 31, the first connecting rod 331 and the second connecting rod 332 drive the support block 333 to expand and contract radially, so that the support block 333 fits the inner wall of the straight tube section b. Uniform internal support of the straight cylinder section b is achieved through equidistant circular distribution, which not only ensures the balanced distribution of supporting force, but also effectively suppresses vibration during processing through symmetrical layout, significantly improving the processing accuracy and surface quality of thin-walled cylindrical components.

[0056] Specifically, the first and second connecting rods 331, 332, and support block 333 are hinged via bearings to achieve linkage control. The synergistic effect of the first and second connecting rods 331, 332, and support rod 11 creates a unique three-bar linkage mechanism that flexibly switches the direction of force, efficiently converting rotational torque into radial support force. While maintaining adjustment accuracy, it can deliver support force output up to twice that of traditional structures, making it particularly suitable for machining large, thin-walled cylindrical components.

[0057] Preferably, the top plate 31 and the bottom plate 32 are both made of high-strength alloy material with precision machining, and the surface is anti-slip treated to facilitate the operator to apply force accurately. The support blocks 333 are made of wear-resistant composite materials.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the second support components 33 is 6, wherein both the top plate 31 and the bottom plate 32 are hexagonal structures.

[0059] It should be noted that both the flexible support fixture mechanism 2 and the rigid support fixture mechanism 3 are detachably connected to the support mechanism 1, so they can be used independently. The flexible support fixture mechanism 2 can also be applied to the variable-diameter, thin-walled straight tube segment b. When the two are used together, the flexible support fixture mechanism 2 is installed on the variable-diameter tube segment a, and the rigid support fixture mechanism 3 is installed on the straight tube segment b.

[0060] Example 2:

[0061] This embodiment provides a method for turning a variable-diameter thin-walled cylindrical component, wherein the flexible fixture for turning a variable-diameter thin-walled cylindrical component in Example 1 is used to fix the variable-diameter thin-walled cylindrical component. The method includes:

[0062] S1. Adjust the position of the flexible support fixture mechanism 2 on the support rod 11 so that the flexible support fixture mechanism 2 can be inserted into the variable diameter cylinder section a of the variable diameter thin-walled cylinder component.

[0063] S2. Insert the flexible clamp along the axial direction of the variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component, and adjust the flexible clamp so that it can abut against the inner wall of the variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component to clamp the variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component.

[0064] S21. The flexible clamp is inserted into the variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical member along the axial direction. The flexible support clamp mechanism 2 is inserted into the variable diameter cylindrical section a along the axial direction of the variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical member. The rigid support clamp mechanism 3 is inserted into the straight cylindrical section b along the axial direction of the variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical member.

[0065] S22, adjusting the positions of the first telescopic rod 2121 and the second telescopic rod 2122, and fixing the positions of the two by the clamping member 2123;

[0066] S23, after the multiple support rods 2112 of the flexible support fixture mechanism 2 are positioned against the inner wall of the variable diameter cylinder section a, the multiple fixing bolts 2116 are tightened to lock and fix the multiple support rods 2112;

[0067] S24 , pressing down the top plate 31 of the rigid support fixture mechanism 3 , so that the first connecting rod 331 and the second connecting rod 332 drive the support block 333 to radially expand and contract, so that the support block 333 fits the inner wall of the straight tube section b.

[0068] S3. Turning the outer wall of the clamped variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component.

[0069] Example 3:

[0070] The remaining structures of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1, except that the configuration of the flexible support box 211 is different. Figure 7 As shown, the flexible support box 211 is a single independent rectangular parallelepiped structure.

[0071] Preferably, if Figure 7 As shown, the number of the first support components 21 is 4, and the connecting knob 22 is a rectangular structure.

[0072] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0073] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0074] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0075] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" refer to the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example and included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are mutually inconsistent.

[0076] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may alter, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible fixture for turning a variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component, wherein the variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component comprises a connected variable diameter cylindrical section (a) and a straight cylindrical section (b), characterized in that: The flexible clamp comprises a detachably connected support mechanism (1) and a flexible support clamp mechanism (2); The support mechanism (1) comprises a support rod (11), the support rod (11) is detachably connected to the flexible support clamp mechanism (2), and the flexible support clamp mechanism (2) is capable of moving along the axial direction of the support rod (11); The flexible support clamp mechanism (2) comprises a plurality of first support assemblies (21) arranged in a circumferential direction. The flexible support clamp mechanism (2) can be inserted into the variable diameter cylinder section (a) of the variable diameter thin-walled cylinder member along the axial direction. The first support assembly (21) is extended radially by adjusting so as to abut against the inner wall of the variable diameter cylinder section (a).

2. The flexible fixture for turning a variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first support assembly (21) comprises a flexible support box (211); The flexible support box (211) comprises a box (2111), a plurality of support rods (2112) and a plurality of pre-compression springs (2113); The box body (2111) is provided with a plurality of through slots arranged in a matrix along the radial direction, the support rod (2112) passes through the through slot and slides in the through slot, the pre-stressed spring (2113) is arranged inside the through slot to provide radial elastic support force for the support rod (2112), each of the support rods (2112) can independently extend and compress the pre-stressed spring (2113), and the pre-stressed spring (2113) is used to make one end of the support rod (2112) abut against the inner wall of the reducing cylinder section (a).

3. The flexible fixture for turning a variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical member according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flexible support box (211) further includes at least one boss (2114), at least one fixing clip (2115), and a plurality of fixing bolts (2116); The boss (2114) is connected to one end of the box body (2111) away from the inner wall of the reducing cylinder section (a), and multiple first bolt holes are provided at both ends of the boss (2114). Multiple second bolt holes are provided at both ends of the fixing clip (2115), and the fixing bolts (2116) can pass through the first bolt holes and the second bolt holes in sequence. The fixing clip (2115) is detachably connected to the boss (2114) through the multiple fixing bolts (2116), and the multiple support rods (2112) are located between the boss (2114) and the fixing clip (2115). After the support rods (2112) are positioned, the multiple fixing bolts (2116) are tightened to lock and fix the multiple support rods (2112).

4. The flexible fixture for turning a variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component according to claim 2, characterized in that: The configuration of the flexible support box (211) is one of the following two: The flexible support box (211) is a single independent arc-shaped structure or a rectangular parallelepiped structure.

5. The flexible fixture for turning a variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first support assembly (21) further includes a telescopic unit (212) capable of horizontally telescoping in a radial direction; The telescopic unit (212) comprises a first telescopic rod (2121), a second telescopic rod (2122) and a clamping member (2123) corresponding one-to-one to the flexible support box (211); The first telescopic rod (2121) and the second telescopic rod (2122) are slidably connected via a sliding groove structure; one end of the second telescopic rod (2122) away from the support rod (11) is connected to the flexible support box (211); the clamping member (2123) is sleeved on the overlapping section of the first telescopic rod (2121) and the second telescopic rod (2122); the clamping member (2123) can fix the relative positions of the first telescopic rod (2121) and the second telescopic rod (2122).

6. The flexible fixture for turning a variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flexible support fixture mechanism (2) further includes a connecting knob (22); The connecting knob (22) is connected to the flexible supporting box (211) via the telescopic unit (212); The connecting knob (22) is rotatably connected to the support rod (11), and the first support assembly (21) is driven to move axially by rotating the connecting knob (22).

7. The flexible fixture for turning a variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical member according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a rigid support fixture mechanism (3); The rigid support clamp mechanism (3) is detachably connected to the support mechanism (1), and the rigid support clamp mechanism (3) is axially slidably connected to the support rod (11). The rigid support clamp mechanism (3) can be inserted into the straight section (b) of the variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical member, and the rigid support clamp mechanism (3) can adjust the diameter of the rigid support clamp mechanism (3) according to the diameter of the straight section (b) to abut against the inner wall of the straight section (b).

8. The flexible fixture for turning a variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical member according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rigid support fixture mechanism (3) comprises a top plate (31), a bottom plate (32), and at least three second support assemblies (33) distributed along a circumference, each of the second support assemblies (33) comprising a first connecting rod (331), a second connecting rod (332), and a support block (333); The top plate (31) and the bottom plate (32) have the same structure and are slidably connected to the support rod (11); one end of each first connecting rod (331) is hinged to the top plate (31), and the other end is hinged to the support block (333); one end of each second connecting rod (332) is hinged to the support block (333), and the other end is hinged to the bottom plate (32); the support block (333) can abut against the inner wall of the straight tube section (b); By lowering or raising the top plate (31), the first connecting rod (331) and the second connecting rod (332) drive the support block (333) to radially expand and contract, so that the support block (333) fits the inner wall of the straight tube section (b).

9. The flexible fixture for turning a variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical member according to claim 8, characterized in that: The number of the second supporting assemblies (33) is 6 groups.

10. A turning method for a variable diameter thin-walled cylindrical component, characterized in that: The flexible clamp for turning a variable-diameter thin-walled cylindrical component as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 is used to fix the variable-diameter thin-walled cylindrical component.

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