Vehicle transport ship and ventilation and smoke exhaust method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ships, and discloses a vehicle transport ship and a ventilation and smoke exhaust method thereof.The vehicle transport ship comprises a ship body and a ventilation and smoke exhaust system, multiple layers of cabins are arranged in the ship body, the ventilation and smoke exhaust system comprises first air pipes and fan modules, and each layer of cabin is provided with at least one first air pipe and at least one fan module; the first air pipes are arranged in parallel; the fan modules are arranged in parallel; the first end of the first air pipe is connected with the cabin, and the second end of the first air pipe communicates with the external space of the ship body. Each fan module comprises a two-way fan, a second air pipe and a temperature sensor, the temperature sensors of all the fan modules are installed in the corresponding cabins, the two-way fans are selectively started or closed according to data detected by the temperature sensors, the first ends of the second air pipes are connected with the two-way fans, and the second ends of the second air pipes are connected to the cabins; the ventilation and smoke exhaust requirements of the vehicle transport ship can be met, and fire relapse is avoided or the fire relapse probability is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ship technology, and in particular to a vehicle transport ship and a ventilation and smoke exhaust method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A vehicle carrier is a type of ship specially used to transport various types of vehicles. In order to increase the loading capacity of vehicles, vehicle carriers are usually designed with multiple decks. The height between these decks can be adjusted according to different vehicle models. The space formed between two adjacent decks has vehicle cabins, roll-on / roll-off cabins, special cabins and other cabins to make full use of the internal space of the ship and improve the cargo capacity of the ship.

[0003] In related technologies, cabin ventilation systems only supply or exhaust air. When a fire occurs in the cabin, all fans and air vents are shut down, effectively shutting off the oil and air flow, blocking the entry of outside air and preventing external oxygen from supporting combustion. A carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system or sprinkler system is then used to extinguish the fire. However, if a fire occurs in a cabin containing new energy vehicles, the fire will be more intense and produce more smoke and dust due to the power batteries in these vehicles. Fire extinguishing systems are required to extinguish the fire, while smoke exhaust is also required to prevent the fire from rekindling.

[0004] This section provides background information related to the present application which is not necessarily prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to solve or at least alleviate part or all of the above problems. To this end, the purpose of this application is to provide a vehicle transport ship and a ventilation and smoke exhaust method thereof, which can achieve smoke exhaust and ventilation effects, avoid fire recurrence, or reduce the probability of fire recurrence.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present application provides a vehicle transport ship, comprising a hull and a ventilation and smoke exhaust system, wherein the hull has a plurality of cabins arranged along its height direction; the ventilation and smoke exhaust system comprises:

[0008] a first air duct, wherein each of the cabins is provided with at least one first air duct, and the first air ducts are arranged in parallel; a first end of the first air duct is connected to the cabin, and a second end of the first air duct is connected to the external space of the hull;

[0009] Fan module, each layer of the cabin is equipped with at least one fan module, and each fan module is arranged in parallel; the fan module includes a bidirectional fan, a second air duct and a temperature sensor, the temperature sensors of all the fan modules are installed in the corresponding cabin, the bidirectional fans of all the fan modules are selectively started or shut down according to the data detected by the temperature sensor, the first end of the second air duct is connected to the bidirectional fan, and the second end of the second air duct is connected to the cabin.

[0010] As an optional solution for the vehicle transport ship, the temperature sensor in the cabin of each layer is located at the second end of the corresponding second air duct.

[0011] As an optional solution of the vehicle transport ship, one of the first air duct and the second air duct is connected to the upper part of the cabin, and the other is connected to the lower part of the cabin.

[0012] As an optional solution for the vehicle transport ship, the number of fan modules configured in the cabins on each floor is greater than the number of first air ducts configured therein.

[0013] As an optional solution for the vehicle transport ship, the level difference between the cabins corresponding to two adjacent wind turbine modules is no more than 10.

[0014] As an optional solution for the vehicle transport ship, the level difference between the cabins corresponding to two adjacent wind turbine modules is no more than 5.

[0015] As an optional option for the vehicle transport ship, the hull includes an open deck and an intermediate deck, the bidirectional fan is installed on the open deck, a plurality of the intermediate decks are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the hull and are located below the open deck, and the cabin is provided in the space between two adjacent intermediate decks.

[0016] As an optional solution of the vehicle transport vessel, the installation height of at least part of the interlayer decks is adjustable.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present application provides a ventilation and smoke exhaust method for a vehicle transport ship. Based on the vehicle transport ship described in any one of the above items, the ventilation and smoke exhaust method for the vehicle transport ship comprises the following steps:

[0018] Ventilation mode: when a vehicle is placed in the cabin, the bidirectional fan always keeps working and is used to supply air into the cabin;

[0019] Smoke exhaust mode: When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is less than 280°C, the two-way fan is used to extract air from the cabin; when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is greater than or equal to 280°C, the two-way fan corresponding to the temperature sensor is turned off.

[0020] As an optional solution for the ventilation and smoke exhaust method of the vehicle transport ship, in the smoke exhaust mode, the two-way fan has N air changes per hour, wherein the range of N is: 4≤N≤8.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0022] The vehicle transport ship provided in the present application includes a hull and a ventilation and smoke exhaust system. The hull has multiple layers of cabins. The ventilation and smoke exhaust system includes a first air duct and a fan module. Each layer of the cabin is equipped with at least one first air duct, and each first air duct is arranged in parallel; the first end of the first air duct is connected to the cabin, and the second end of the first air duct is connected to the external space of the hull; each layer of the cabin is equipped with at least one fan module, and each fan module is arranged in parallel; the fan module includes a bidirectional fan, a second air duct and a temperature sensor. The temperature sensors of all fan modules are installed in the corresponding cabins. The bidirectional fan is selectively started or shut down according to the data detected by the temperature sensor. The first end of the second air duct is connected to the bidirectional fan, and the second end of the second air duct is connected to the cabin.

[0023] The ventilation and smoke exhaust method provided in the present application is based on the above-mentioned vehicle transport ship. Under normal circumstances, the ventilation and smoke exhaust system is in ventilation mode, and the two-way fan supplies air into the cabin through the second air duct, thereby increasing the pressure in the cabin, and the air in the cabin is discharged to the outside space from the second end of the first air duct. During the fire extinguishing process, the ventilation and smoke exhaust system is in smoke exhaust mode, and the two-way fan is selectively started or shut down according to the data detected by the temperature sensor. When the two-way fan is working, the two-way fan draws air from the cabin through the second air duct, thereby discharging the smoke and dust in the cabin into the outside space through the second air duct and the two-way fan, so that negative pressure is generated in the cabin. Under the action of this negative pressure, the air in the outside space enters the cabin through the first air duct, thereby achieving a smoke exhaust and ventilation effect, avoiding the recurrence of fire, or reducing the probability of fire recurrence. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the contents of the embodiments of the present application and these drawings without any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a partial longitudinal sectional schematic diagram of the vehicle transport ship provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a partial top view schematic diagram of the vehicle transport ship provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Reference numerals:

[0028] 100, weather deck; 200, intermediate deck; 201, lower cabin; 202, middle cabin; 203, upper cabin;

[0029] 1. First air duct; 11. Lower air duct; 12. Middle air duct; 13. Upper air duct;

[0030] 2. Bidirectional fan; 21. Downward fan; 22. Middle fan; 23. Upward fan;

[0031] 3. Temperature sensor;

[0032] 4. Second air duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Before any embodiments of the present application are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the application is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the foregoing drawings.

[0034] In this application, the terms "comprises," "includes," "has," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0035] In this application, the term "and / or" describes a relationship between related objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this application generally indicates that the related objects are in an "and / or" relationship.

[0036] In this application, the terms "connect," "combine," "couple," and "install" may refer to direct connection, combination, coupling, or installation, or indirect connection, combination, coupling, or installation. For example, a direct connection refers to two parts or components being connected together without an intermediary, and an indirect connection refers to two parts or components being connected to at least one intermediary, with the two parts or components being connected via the intermediary. Furthermore, "connect" and "couple" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections or couplings and may include electrical connections or couplings.

[0037] In this application, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that relative terms (e.g., "about," "approximately," "substantially," etc.) used in conjunction with quantities or conditions include the values ​​and have the meaning indicated by the context. For example, the relative terms include at least the degree of error associated with the measurement of a specific value, the tolerance caused by manufacturing, assembly, use, etc. associated with a specific value. Such terms should also be considered to disclose a range defined by the absolute values ​​of the two endpoints. Relative terms may refer to plus or minus a certain percentage (e.g., 1%, 5%, 10% or more) of the indicated value. Numerical values ​​that do not use relative terms should also be disclosed as specific values ​​with tolerances. In addition, "substantially" may refer to plus or minus a certain degree (e.g., 1 degree, 5 degrees, 10 degrees or more) on the basis of the indicated angle when expressing a relative angular position relationship (e.g., substantially parallel, substantially perpendicular).

[0038] In this application, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the function performed by an assembly can be performed by one assembly, multiple assemblies, one part, or multiple parts. Similarly, the function performed by a part can also be performed by one part, one assembly, or a combination of multiple parts.

[0039] In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back" and other directional words are described based on the orientation and positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in the context, it is also necessary to understand that when it is mentioned that an element is connected to another element "upper" or "lower", it can not only be directly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower", but also be indirectly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower" through an intermediate element. It should also be understood that directional words such as upper side, lower side, left side, right side, front side, back side, etc. not only represent the positive orientation, but can also be understood as the lateral orientation. For example, below can include directly below, lower left, lower right, lower front and lower back, etc.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the vehicle transport ship provided in the present application includes a hull and a ventilation and smoke exhaust system. The hull includes an open deck 100 and an intermediate deck 200. Multiple intermediate decks 200 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the hull and are located below the open deck 100. The space between two adjacent intermediate decks 200 is provided with cabins, such as vehicle cabins, roll-on / roll-off cabins or special cabins.

[0041] The ventilation and smoke exhaust system includes a first air duct 1 and a fan module. Each cabin layer is equipped with at least one first air duct 1, and each first air duct 1 is arranged in parallel; the first end of the first air duct 1 is connected to the cabin, and the second end of the first air duct 1 is connected to the external space of the hull; each cabin layer is equipped with at least one fan module, and each fan module is arranged in parallel; the fan module includes a bidirectional fan 2, a second air duct 4 and a temperature sensor 3. The temperature sensors 3 of all fan modules are installed in the corresponding cabins. The bidirectional fans 2 of all fan modules are installed on the open deck 100, and the bidirectional fans 2 are selectively started or shut down according to the data detected by the temperature sensor 3. The first end of the second air duct 4 is connected to the bidirectional fan 2, and the second end of the second air duct 4 is connected to the cabin.

[0042] The present application also provides a ventilation and smoke exhaust method for a vehicle transport ship. Based on the above-mentioned vehicle transport ship, the ventilation and smoke exhaust method for the vehicle transport ship includes a ventilation mode and a smoke exhaust mode. The ventilation mode is used under normal circumstances, and the smoke exhaust mode is used during fire extinguishing.

[0043] Ventilation mode: When a vehicle is placed in the cabin, the two-way fan 2 always keeps working and is used to supply air into the cabin.

[0044] Smoke exhaust mode: When the temperature detected by temperature sensor 3 is less than 280°C, bidirectional fan 2 is used to extract air from the cabin. When the temperature detected by temperature sensor 3 is greater than or equal to 280°C, bidirectional fan 2 corresponding to that temperature sensor 3 is turned off. 280°C is the critical temperature for re-ignition according to fire regulations.

[0045] Under normal circumstances, the ventilation and smoke exhaust system is in ventilation mode, with the two-way fan 2 supplying air into the cabin through the second air duct 4, increasing the pressure inside the cabin and exhausting the air inside the cabin to the outside space through the second end of the first air duct 1. During the fire extinguishing process, the ventilation and smoke exhaust system is in exhaust mode, with the two-way fan 2 selectively activated or deactivated based on data detected by the temperature sensor 3. When the two-way fan 2 is operating, it draws air from the cabin through the second air duct 4, thereby exhausting the smoke and dust inside the cabin to the outside space through the second air duct 4 and the two-way fan 2, creating a negative pressure inside the cabin. Under the action of this negative pressure, the air in the outside space enters the cabin through the first air duct 1, thereby achieving a smoke exhaust and ventilation effect, preventing the recurrence of the fire, or reducing the probability of a fire recurrence.

[0046] In one embodiment, the bidirectional blower 2 is a spark-free bidirectional blower to avoid sparks generated during operation of the bidirectional blower 2 and thus preventing re-ignition.

[0047] In smoke exhaust mode, the bidirectional fan 2 performs N air changes per hour, where N is in the range of 4 ≤ N ≤ 8. In one embodiment, the bidirectional fan 2 performs 6 air changes per hour. In other cases, the bidirectional fan 2 can be set to perform 4, 5, 7, 8, etc., air changes per hour as needed.

[0048] To ensure that temperature sensors 3 accurately measure the temperature of smoke during exhaust, temperature sensors 3 in each cabin are installed at the second end of second air duct 4. The number of temperature sensors 3 in each cabin is not limited to one; any number, such as two, three, four, or five, can also be provided. In this case, bidirectional fans 2 can be selectively activated or deactivated based on the maximum value measured by multiple temperature sensors 3.

[0049] In one embodiment, one of the first air duct 1 and the second air duct 4 is connected to the upper portion of the cabin, while the other is connected to the lower portion of the cabin. This arrangement allows for sufficient exchange of air between the cabin and the outside air, regardless of whether the cabin is in ventilation mode or smoke exhaust mode, thereby improving the effectiveness of the ventilation and smoke exhaust system.

[0050] The vehicle carrier also includes a superstructure, which is located on the weather deck 100. The bidirectional fan 2 is installed on the weather deck 100 at a location away from the superstructure. The second end of the first air duct 1 is also located on the hull at a location away from the superstructure. In other words, in ventilation mode, the first air duct 1 serves as an exhaust duct, and its outlet should be away from the superstructure and cabin doors, windows, or other openings.

[0051] The number of the intermediate decks 200 of the vehicle transport ship ranges from 3 to 14, and the installation height of at least some of the intermediate decks 200 is adjustable to increase the height of the cabin as needed to accommodate different types of vehicles or equipment.

[0052] The level difference between the compartments corresponding to two adjacent fan modules is not greater than 10. Preferably, the level difference between the compartments corresponding to two adjacent fan modules is not greater than 5. Figure 1 In the example shown, the level difference between the compartments corresponding to two adjacent fan modules is 1. In other embodiments, the level difference between the compartments corresponding to two adjacent fan modules may be 0, 1, 2, or 3.

[0053] Continue as Figure 2 As shown, the number of fan modules configured in each cabin layer is greater than the number of first air ducts 1 configured therein, so as to improve the ventilation efficiency of the ventilation and smoke exhaust system.

[0054] For ease of understanding, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the example shown, the three compartments are named, from lowest to highest, as lower compartment 201, middle compartment 202, and upper compartment 203. The bidirectional fan 2 corresponding to lower compartment 201 is called lower fan 21, the bidirectional fan 2 corresponding to middle compartment 202 is called middle fan 22, and the bidirectional fan 2 corresponding to upper compartment 203 is called upper fan 23. One lower fan 21 is located in the middle, two middle fans 22 are located on either side of lower fan 21, and two upper fans 23 are located on either side of the two middle fans 22. The five fans are arranged symmetrically to facilitate the installation and arrangement of the corresponding first air ducts 1. In addition, the first air duct 1 corresponding to lower compartment 201 is called lower air duct 11, the first air duct 1 corresponding to middle compartment 202 is called middle air duct 12, and the first air duct 1 corresponding to upper compartment 203 is called upper air duct 13.

[0055] It can be understood that the number of bidirectional fans 2 corresponding to each cabin layer can be any number between 3 and 10, such as 10 or 6, and the number of first air ducts 1 corresponding to each cabin layer can be any number between 2 and 6, such as 4 or 5.

[0056] The vehicle transport vessel provided in this application, when transporting new energy vehicles, requires the following key considerations: 1) increasing ventilation frequency, and 2) considering the isolation of smoke exhaust and re-ignition. This ventilation and smoke exhaust system can improve ventilation and smoke exhaust efficiency, reduce the probability of re-ignition during the smoke exhaust process, and improve vessel safety.

[0057] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit this application in any form, and any technical solutions obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A vehicle transport ship, characterized in that: The ship comprises a hull and a ventilation and smoke exhaust system, wherein the hull has a plurality of cabins arranged along its height direction; the ventilation and smoke exhaust system comprises: A first air duct (1), each of the cabins is provided with at least one first air duct (1), and the first air ducts (1) are arranged in parallel; a first end of the first air duct (1) is connected to the cabin, and a second end of the first air duct (1) is communicated with the external space of the hull; A fan module, each layer of the cabin is equipped with at least one fan module, and each fan module is arranged in parallel; the fan module includes a bidirectional fan (2), a second air duct (4) and a temperature sensor (3), the temperature sensors (3) of all the fan modules are installed in the cabin corresponding to them, the bidirectional fans (2) of all the fan modules are selectively started or shut down according to the data detected by the temperature sensor (3), the first end of the second air duct (4) is connected to the bidirectional fan (2), and the second end of the second air duct (4) is connected to the cabin.

2. The vehicle transport ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor (3) in each cabin is located at the second end of the corresponding second air duct (4).

3. The vehicle transport ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the first air duct (1) and the second air duct (4) is connected to the upper part of the cabin, and the other is connected to the lower part of the cabin.

4. The vehicle transport ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of fan modules configured in the cabins on each floor is greater than the number of first air ducts (1) configured therein.

5. The vehicle transport ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The level difference between the compartments corresponding to two adjacent fan modules is no more than 10.

6. The vehicle transport ship according to claim 5, characterized in that: The level difference between the compartments corresponding to two adjacent fan modules is no more than 5.

7. The vehicle transport ship according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The hull comprises an open deck (100) and an intermediate deck (200); the bidirectional fan (2) is installed on the open deck (100); a plurality of intermediate decks (200) are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the hull and are located below the open deck (100); and the cabin is provided in the space between two adjacent intermediate decks (200).

8. The vehicle transport ship according to claim 7, characterized in that: The installation height of at least part of the interlayer deck (200) is adjustable.

9. A ventilation and smoke exhaust method for a vehicle transport ship, characterized in that: Based on the vehicle transport ship according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the ventilation and smoke exhaust method of the vehicle transport ship comprises the following steps: Ventilation mode: when a vehicle is placed in the cabin, the bidirectional fan (2) always keeps working, and the bidirectional fan (2) is used to supply air into the cabin; Smoke exhaust mode: when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor (3) is less than 280°C, the bidirectional fan (2) is used to extract air from the cabin; when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor (3) is greater than or equal to 280°C, the bidirectional fan (2) corresponding to the temperature sensor (3) is turned off.

10. The ventilation and smoke exhaust method for a vehicle transport ship according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the smoke exhaust mode, the two-way fan (2) performs N ventilation times per hour, wherein the range of N is: 4≤N≤8.

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