Underwater transformer with pressure compensation structure

Abstract

The underwater transformer with the pressure compensation structure is applied to the field of transformers, a flow guide shell and a water pump driving device are arranged outside the underwater transformer, the water flow speed outside the transformer is periodically increased, and the external static pressure of the transformer is reduced in a short time by means of the Bernoulli principle; the pressure compensator is actively triggered to generate deformation response, the state that the pressure compensator is located at a static deformation position for a long time is broken, fatigue aging, bonding and performance degradation of the corrugated pipe are prevented, the dynamic response capacity of the corrugated pipe is improved, and the service life of the corrugated pipe is prolonged; and a lifting piston, an upper touch switch and a lower touch switch are introduced to realize real-time monitoring and intelligent intervention on the deformation frequency of the corrugated pipe: when the natural water pressure change frequency is insufficient, a water pump is automatically started to disturb the water pressure, the dynamic change is simulated, and the activity of a pressure compensator is kept.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an underwater transformer, in particular to an underwater transformer with a pressure compensation structure applied in the field of transformers. Background Art

[0002] When operating in deep water, underwater transformers are subject to enormous water pressure. In order to prevent the shell from rupturing or seal failure, "pressure compensation" measures need to be adopted to balance the internal pressure with the external water pressure, thereby reducing the pressure difference burden of the shell, extending the life of the seals and maintaining the stability of the transformer oil.

[0003] Chinese patent publication number CN114093600B discloses a pressure-compensated underwater transformer, which can clean soil impurities in the groove of the pressure compensator to prevent the soil from affecting the normal operation of the pressure compensator.

[0004] During the long-term operation of underwater transformers, the pressure compensator is usually in a static equilibrium state and is only adjusted when the external environmental pressure changes. Due to the limited water pressure changes in deepwater environments, the pressure compensator may remain in a fixed deformation position for a long time, resulting in decreased responsiveness and reliability of the pressure compensator. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned existing technologies, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that due to the limited water pressure changes in deep water environments, the pressure compensator may remain in a fixed deformation position for a long time, resulting in reduced responsiveness and reliability of the pressure compensator.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an underwater transformer with a pressure compensation structure, including a transformer, the interior of the transformer is filled with transformer oil, and a pressure compensator is fixedly connected to the side wall of the transformer. The pressure compensator includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, the inner sleeve is connected to the transformer, the outer sleeve is arranged on the outside of the inner sleeve, one end of the inner sleeve is fixedly connected to a bellows, one end of the bellows is fixedly connected to a movable head, the outer wall of the movable head is fixedly connected to an outer piston, one end of the outer sleeve is fixedly connected to a piston sleeve, the outer piston is slidably connected to the piston sleeve, and a pressure regulating device is installed on the outer wall of the transformer, the pressure regulating device includes two water collecting frames, the two water collecting frames are fixedly connected to the transformer by a connecting rod, a plurality of protective plates are fixedly connected between one end of the two water collecting frames, the water collecting frames and the protective plates form a guide shell, the guide shell covers the outside of the transformer and the pressure compensator, a guide pipe is fixedly connected between the middle parts of the two water collecting frames, one end of one of the water collecting frames is fixedly connected to a water pump, and the water pump is connected to the guide pipe.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present application, an adaptive starting device is installed on the side wall of the outer sleeve, which includes a starting box and a push-pull rod. The push-pull rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable head, and a transmission rod is rotatably connected between the inner sleeve and the starting box.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present application, the bottom and top ends of the transmission rod are fixedly connected to gears, the bottom end of the starting box is fixedly connected to a positive flow drive tube, the inner wall of the positive flow drive tube is slidably connected to an inner piston, the side wall of the inner piston is fixedly connected to an intermediate rod, and one end of the intermediate rod is sealed and slidably connected to one end of the positive flow drive tube.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, one end of the push-pull rod and the intermediate rod are fixedly connected with a tooth plate, and the two tooth plates are respectively engaged with the two gears.

[0010] As another improvement of the present application, a storage bottle and a transfer bottle are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the starting box, an inlet pipe is connected between the storage bottle and one end of the positive flow drive tube, and an outlet pipe is connected between the transfer bottle and the other end of the positive flow drive tube, and one end of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are fixedly connected to a one-way valve.

[0011] As another improved supplement to the present application, a reverse flow drive pump is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the starting box, and the two ends of the reverse flow drive pump are respectively connected to the bottom end of the storage bottle and the bottom end of the transfer bottle, and the interior of the storage bottle is filled with transmission fluid.

[0012] As another improved supplement to the present application, the inner wall of the transfer bottle is sealed and slidably connected with a lifting piston, and the inner wall of the top end of the transfer bottle and the inner wall of the bottom end of the transfer bottle are respectively fixedly connected with an upper touch switch and a lower touch switch, and the upper touch switch and the lower touch switch are both electrically connected to the water pump.

[0013] As another improvement of the present application, the transmission rod and the gear are fixedly connected via a torque limiter.

[0014] In summary, the present invention arranges a guide shell and a water pump drive device on the outside of the underwater transformer to periodically increase the water flow velocity outside the transformer, and uses the Bernoulli principle to temporarily reduce the static pressure outside the transformer, thereby actively triggering the pressure compensator to produce a deformation response, breaking its state of being in a static deformation position for a long time, preventing the bellows from fatigue aging, adhesion, and performance degradation, and improving its dynamic response capability and service life.

[0015] The present invention forms a closed-loop transmission fluid circulation module through a storage bottle, a transfer bottle, an inner piston and a reverse drive pump, and introduces a lifting piston and an up and down touch switch to achieve real-time monitoring and intelligent intervention of the frequency of bellows deformation: when the frequency of natural water pressure changes is insufficient, the water pump is automatically started to disturb the water pressure, simulate dynamic changes, and maintain the activity of the pressure compensator.

[0016] The present invention can significantly improve the pressure adaptability and operational stability of the deepwater transformer system, and effectively extend the overall service life of the pressure compensator and the transformer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the pressure regulating device in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the water collection frame in the first and second embodiments of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the pressure compensator in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the inner sleeve in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the starter box in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the movement trajectory of water flow when the pressure regulating device is activated in the first and second embodiments of the present application;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a movement trajectory diagram of the transmission fluid in the second embodiment of this application.

[0024] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0025] 1. Transformer; 2. Inner sleeve; 201. Outer sleeve; 202. Bellows; 203. Movable head; 204. Outer piston; 205. Piston sleeve; 3. Water collecting frame; 301. Connecting rod; 302. Protective plate; 303. Diversion pipe; 304. Water pump; 4. Starter box; 401. Push-pull rod; 402. Transmission rod; 403. Gear; 404. Forward flow drive pipe; 405. Inner piston; 406. Intermediate rod; 407. Gear plate; 408. Storage bottle; 409. Transfer bottle; 410. Inlet pipe; 411. Outlet pipe; 412. One-way valve; 413. Reverse flow drive pump; 414. Lifting piston; 415. Upper touch switch; 416. Lower touch switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Two implementation modes of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] The first implementation method:

[0028] Figure 1-Figure 3 and Figure 6The invention discloses an underwater transformer with a pressure compensation structure, comprising a transformer 1, wherein the interior of the transformer 1 is filled with transformer oil, a pressure compensator is fixedly connected to the side wall of the transformer 1, and the pressure compensator comprises an inner sleeve 2 and an outer sleeve 201, wherein the inner sleeve 2 is connected to the transformer 1, and the outer sleeve 201 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner sleeve 2, one end of the inner sleeve 2 is fixedly connected to a bellows 202, one end of the bellows 202 is fixedly connected to a movable head 203, an outer wall of the movable head 203 is fixedly connected to an outer piston 204, one end of the outer sleeve 201 is fixedly connected to a piston sleeve 205, and the outer piston 204 is fixedly connected to the piston sleeve 205. The sleeve 205 is slidably connected, and a pressure regulating device is installed on the outer wall of the transformer 1. The pressure regulating device includes two water collecting frames 3. The two water collecting frames 3 are fixedly connected to the transformer 1 through a connecting rod 301. A plurality of protective plates 302 are fixedly connected between one ends of the two water collecting frames 3. The water collecting frames 3 and the protective plates 302 form a guide shell. The guide shell covers the outside of the transformer 1 and the pressure compensator. A guide pipe 303 is fixedly connected between the middle parts of the two water collecting frames 3. One end of one of the water collecting frames 3 is fixedly connected to a water pump 304, and the water pump 304 is communicated with the guide pipe 303.

[0029] When the transformer 1 is working underwater, when the water pressure outside the transformer 1 increases, the movable head 203 moves toward the transformer 1 under the action of pressure, squeezing the transformer oil and increasing the pressure inside the transformer 1. Similarly, when the water pressure outside the transformer 1 decreases, the elasticity of the bellows 202 causes the movable head 203 to move away from the transformer 1, reducing the pressure inside the transformer 1. This keeps the pressure inside and outside the transformer 1 balanced, thereby protecting the transformer 1.

[0030] During the long-term operation of the transformer 1, the pressure compensator is usually in a static equilibrium state and is only slightly adjusted when the external environmental pressure changes slowly. Since the water pressure change in the deep water environment is limited, the bellows 202 will remain in a fixed deformation position for a long time, resulting in fatigue aging, deformation lag or failure of the bellows 202, reduced responsiveness of the bellows 202 and reduced reliability.

[0031] To this end, the pressure regulating device can be started regularly at regular intervals. When the pressure regulating device is working, the water pump 304 is started. When the water pump 304 is started, the water flow between the transformer 1 and the guide casing is driven. Based on the Bernoulli principle, the water flow velocity between the transformer 1 and the guide casing increases, resulting in a decrease in the static pressure between the transformer 1 and the guide casing, causing the bellows 202 to move to the right.

[0032] Through the above setting, a pressure difference is actively created outside the pressure compensator, prompting the pressure compensator to perform an active response action. The process of actively creating a pressure difference can break the long-term static state of the pressure compensator, avoid fatigue aging and performance degradation of the pressure compensator, maintain the activity of the pressure compensator, extend the service life of the equipment and improve the safety and reliability of the system.

[0033] By covering the outer side of the transformer 1 and the pressure compensator with the flow guide shell, when the pressure regulating device is working, the pressure outside the transformer 1 and the pressure outside the pressure compensator can be adjusted simultaneously, so that the pressure of the transformer 1 and the outside are kept consistent, avoiding the imbalance of the internal and external pressures of the transformer 1 caused by adjusting the pressure outside the transformer 1 or adjusting the pressure outside the pressure compensator alone.

[0034] Second implementation method:

[0035] Figure 2 、 Figure 4-Figure 5 and Figure 7 The invention shows an underwater transformer with a pressure compensation structure. Different from the first embodiment, the side wall of the outer sleeve 201 is installed with an adaptive starting device, which includes a starting box 4 and a push-pull rod 401. The push-pull rod 401 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable head 203. A transmission rod 402 is rotatably connected between the inner sleeve 2 and the starting box 4. The bottom and top ends of the transmission rod 402 are fixedly connected to a gear 403. The bottom end of the starting box 4 is fixedly connected to a positive flow drive tube 404. The inner wall of the positive flow drive tube 404 is slidably connected to an inner piston 405. The side wall of the inner piston 405 is fixedly connected to an intermediate rod 406. One end of the intermediate rod 406 is sealed and slidably connected to one end of the positive flow drive tube 404. One end of the rod 401 and the middle rod 406 are fixedly connected to a gear plate 407, and the two gear plates 407 are respectively engaged with the two gears 403. The inner wall of the top of the starting box 4 is fixedly connected to a storage bottle 408 and a transfer bottle 409. An inlet pipe 410 is connected between the storage bottle 408 and one end of the positive flow drive tube 404, and an outlet pipe 411 is connected between the transfer bottle 409 and the other end of the positive flow drive tube 404. One end of the inlet pipe 410 and the outlet pipe 411 are both fixedly connected to a one-way valve 412. The inner wall of the starting box 4 is fixedly connected to a reverse flow drive pump 413. The two ends of the reverse flow drive pump 413 are respectively connected to the bottom end of the storage bottle 408 and the bottom end of the transfer bottle 409. The interior of the storage bottle 408 is filled with transmission fluid.

[0036] The inner wall of the transfer bottle 409 is sealed and slidably connected to the lifting piston 414, and the inner wall of the top end of the transfer bottle 409 and the inner wall of the bottom end of the transfer bottle 409 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper touch switch 415 and the lower touch switch 416, and the upper touch switch 415 and the lower touch switch 416 are both electrically connected to the water pump 304.

[0037] When the water pressure changes, the movable head 203 will move to the left or right. When the movable head 203 moves to the left or right, the push-pull rod 401 drives the inner piston 405 to move left and right through the gear 403, the gear plate 407 and the intermediate rod 406. When the inner piston 405 moves to the left, it draws the transmission fluid inside the storage bottle 408 into the inside of the positive flow drive tube 404. When the inner piston 405 moves to the right, it squeezes the transmission fluid inside the positive flow drive tube 404 into the inside of the transfer bottle 409, and at the same time starts the reverse flow drive pump 413 to return the transmission fluid inside the transfer bottle 409 to the inside of the storage bottle 408.

[0038] From the above, it can be seen that the inner piston 405 can drive the transmission fluid inside the storage bottle 408 to be continuously transported to the inside of the transfer bottle 409, and the transport speed is unstable. The reverse flow drive pump 413 can drive the transmission fluid inside the transfer bottle 409 to be continuously transported to the inside of the storage bottle 408, and the transport speed is stable. The lifting piston 414 rises or falls with the amount of transmission fluid inside the transfer bottle 409.

[0039] When the frequency of water pressure change is high, the movement frequency of the inner piston 405 is high, resulting in the flow rate of the transmission fluid flowing from the storage bottle 408 to the transfer bottle 409 being greater than or equal to the flow rate of the transmission fluid flowing from the transfer bottle 409 to the storage bottle 408. In this case, the backflow drive pump 413 can be prevented from draining the transmission fluid inside the transfer bottle 409, so that the lifting piston 414 does not contact the lower touch switch 416.

[0040] When the frequency of water pressure change is low, the movement frequency of the inner piston 405 is low, resulting in the flow rate of the transmission fluid flowing from the storage bottle 408 to the transfer bottle 409 being lower than the flow rate of the transmission fluid flowing from the transfer bottle 409 to the storage bottle 408. In this case, the transmission fluid inside the transfer bottle 409 is drained, and the lifting piston 414 moves downward and contacts the lower touch switch 416. At this time, the lower touch switch 416 can send an electrical signal to the water pump 304 to start it, actively driving the bellows 202 to move.

[0041] The above arrangement can start the pressure regulating device to drive the pressure compensator to actively deform when the water pressure change frequency is low and the number of deformations of the bellows 202 is small.

[0042] When the water pump 304 is started by triggering the lower touch switch 416, the water pump 304 begins to start intermittently multiple times, simulating multiple increases or decreases in water pressure. After the water pump 304 is started intermittently multiple times, the interior of the transfer bottle 409 can be filled with transmission fluid, causing the lifting piston 414 to move upward until it contacts the upper touch switch 415. At this time, the upper touch switch 415 sends an electrical signal to the water pump 304 to shut it down.

[0043] When the frequency of natural water pressure changes is high, the lifting piston 414 will still be in contact with the upper touch switch 415. In this case, the water pump 304 will not be changed.

[0044] The transmission rod 402 and the gear 403 are fixedly connected via a torque limiter.

[0045] A torque limiter is a safety device installed in a mechanical transmission system. It is used to limit and control the transmitted torque during system operation. When the actual torque exceeds the set value, the torque limiter will interrupt the power transmission by slipping, separating or tripping, thereby effectively preventing equipment damage, part breakage or system failure caused by overload.

[0046] When the water pressure changes frequently, the interior of the transfer bottle 409 will be filled with transmission fluid. At this time, the inner piston 405 cannot move to the right, resulting in the deformation of the bellows 202 being restricted. Through the above arrangement, when the interior of the transfer bottle 409 is filled with transmission fluid and the movable head 203 continues to move left and right, the gear 403 and the transmission rod 402 rotate relatively idly under the action of the torque limiter, which does not affect the movement of the movable head 203 and avoids the deformation of the bellows 202 being restricted.

[0047] In view of current actual needs, the protection scope of the above-mentioned implementation mode adopted in this application is not limited to this. Various changes made within the knowledge scope of technical personnel in this field without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An underwater transformer with a pressure compensation structure, comprising a transformer (1), wherein the interior of the transformer (1) is filled with transformer oil, and characterized in that: The side wall of the transformer (1) is fixedly connected to a pressure compensator, and the pressure compensator comprises an inner sleeve (2) and an outer sleeve (201). The inner sleeve (2) is connected to the transformer (1), and the outer sleeve (201) is sleeved on the outside of the inner sleeve (2). One end of the inner sleeve (2) is fixedly connected to a bellows (202), and one end of the bellows (202) is fixedly connected to a movable head (203). The outer wall of the movable head (203) is fixedly connected to an outer piston (204). One end of the outer sleeve (201) is fixedly connected to a piston sleeve (205). The outer piston (204) is slidably connected to the piston sleeve (205). The outer wall of the transformer (1) is fixedly connected to the piston sleeve (205). A pressure regulating device is mounted on the wall, the pressure regulating device comprising two water collecting frames (3), the two water collecting frames (3) and the transformer (1) being fixedly connected via a connecting rod (301), a plurality of protective plates (302) being fixedly connected between one end of the two water collecting frames (3), the water collecting frames (3) and the protective plates (302) forming a flow guide shell, the flow guide shell covering the outside of the transformer (1) and the pressure compensator, a flow guide pipe (303) being fixedly connected between the middle parts of the two water collecting frames (3), one end of one of the water collecting frames (3) being fixedly connected to a water pump (304), the water pump (304) being in communication with the flow guide pipe (303).

2. The underwater transformer with a pressure compensation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adaptive starting device is installed on the side wall of the outer sleeve (201), and the adaptive starting device includes a starting box (4) and a push-pull rod (401). The push-pull rod (401) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable head (203), and a transmission rod (402) is rotatably connected between the inner sleeve (2) and the starting box (4).

3. The underwater transformer with a pressure compensation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom and top ends of the transmission rod (402) are fixedly connected to a gear (403), the bottom end of the starting box (4) is fixedly connected to a positive flow drive tube (404), the inner wall of the positive flow drive tube (404) is slidably connected to an inner piston (405), the side wall of the inner piston (405) is fixedly connected to an intermediate rod (406), and one end of the intermediate rod (406) is sealed and slidably connected to one end of the positive flow drive tube (404).

4. The underwater transformer with a pressure compensation structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the push-pull rod (401) and the intermediate rod (406) are both fixedly connected to a toothed plate (407), and the two toothed plates (407) are respectively engaged with two gears (403).

5. The underwater transformer with a pressure compensation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A storage bottle (408) and a transfer bottle (409) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the starting box (4); an inlet pipe (410) is connected between the storage bottle (408) and one end of the positive flow driving tube (404); an outlet pipe (411) is connected between the transfer bottle (409) and the other end of the positive flow driving tube (404); and one end of each of the inlet pipe (410) and the outlet pipe (411) is fixedly connected to a one-way valve (412).

6. The underwater transformer with a pressure compensation structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A reverse flow drive pump (413) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the starter box (4), and two ends of the reverse flow drive pump (413) are respectively connected to the bottom end of the storage bottle (408) and the bottom end of the transfer bottle (409), and the interior of the storage bottle (408) is filled with transmission fluid.

7. The underwater transformer with a pressure compensation structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the transfer bottle (409) is sealed and slidably connected to a lifting piston (414), and the inner wall of the top end of the transfer bottle (409) and the inner wall of the bottom end of the transfer bottle (409) are fixedly connected to an upper touch switch (415) and a lower touch switch (416), respectively. The upper touch switch (415) and the lower touch switch (416) are both electrically connected to the water pump (304).

8. The underwater transformer with a pressure compensation structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission rod (402) and the gear (403) are fixedly connected via a torque limiter.

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