Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic module comprises a first bypass module, and a first battery string group and a second battery string group which are connected in parallel; each of the first battery string group and the second battery string group comprises two battery strings which are connected in parallel, each battery string comprises a plurality of quartered battery pieces which are connected in series, and each quartered battery piece is a quarter battery piece formed by cutting a whole battery piece; the photovoltaic module also comprises a second bypass module, and a first battery unit and a second battery unit which are connected in parallel. The first end of the first battery unit and the first end of the second battery unit are both connected with the output end of the second bypass module, and the second end of the first battery unit and the second end of the second battery unit are both connected with the input end of the second bypass module. According to the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the invention, the battery piece is arranged to be the quarter battery piece formed by cutting the whole battery piece, so that the internal power loss of the battery piece can be reduced, and the output power of the photovoltaic module can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic component and a photovoltaic system. Background Art

[0002] As global energy supplies become increasingly tight, developing new energy sources has become a key energy strategy for all countries. Solar energy, due to its ease of access, has attracted increasing attention. In recent years, the solar photovoltaic industry has developed rapidly, and the application of photovoltaic modules has become increasingly widespread.

[0003] However, the power of photovoltaic modules in related technologies is relatively low and cannot effectively meet the needs of high-power usage scenarios. Based on this, how to increase the power of photovoltaic modules has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system to solve the technical problem of how to increase the power of the photovoltaic module.

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention is implemented as follows: the present invention provides a photovoltaic assembly and a photovoltaic system. A photovoltaic assembly includes: a first bypass module and a first and a second battery string group connected in parallel; the first and second battery string groups each include two battery strings connected in parallel, the battery strings including a plurality of series-connected quartered battery slices, the quartered battery slices being quartered battery slices cut from a whole battery slice; a first end of the first and second battery string groups are both connected to the output end of the first bypass module, and a second end of the first and second battery string groups are both connected to the input end of the first bypass module; the photovoltaic assembly also includes: a second bypass module and a first and a second battery cell connected in parallel; the first and second battery cells each include two series-connected battery strings, the battery strings including two parallel battery strings, the battery strings including a plurality of series-connected quartered battery slices; a first end of the first and second battery cells are both connected to the output end of the second bypass module, and a second end of the first and second battery cells are both connected to the input end of the second bypass module.

[0006] Thus, in the photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present invention, the applicant arranges the cells in the photovoltaic module to be quarter cells cut from a whole cell, thereby reducing the area of ​​the cells in the photovoltaic module, reducing the power generation current of the single cell, and further reducing the internal power loss of the single cell, reducing the overall power loss of the photovoltaic module, and thus improving the output power of the photovoltaic module. Moreover, the photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present invention arranges the first cell string group and the second cell string group in parallel, and arranges the first battery unit and the second battery unit, each of which includes two series-connected cell strings, in parallel, so that each cell string group includes two parallel cell strings. This circuit design can reduce the power loss of the photovoltaic module while making the overall output current and overall output voltage of the photovoltaic module in this embodiment equal to the overall output current and overall output voltage of the existing photovoltaic module using half-cell cells, thereby avoiding the reduction of the output current and output voltage of the photovoltaic module in the embodiment of the present invention, and thus improving the output power in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0007] Furthermore, the first size of the quartered cell is the same as the first size of the full cell, and the ratio of the second size of the quartered cell to the second size of the full cell is 1:4. This further reduces the resistance of a single quartered cell, thereby further reducing the power loss of the photovoltaic module.

[0008] Furthermore, the ratio of the first dimension of the quartered cell to the first dimension of the whole cell is 1:2, and the ratio of the second dimension of the quartered cell to the second dimension of the whole cell is 1:2. In this way, the resistance of the quartered cell remains unchanged, which helps maintain the overall load balance of the module.

[0009] Furthermore, the first battery string group and the second battery string group are arranged along a first direction; the first battery unit includes a third battery string group and a fourth battery string group connected in series, and the second battery unit includes a fifth battery string group and a sixth battery string group connected in series; the first battery string group, the third battery string group, and the fourth battery string group are arranged along a second direction, and the second battery string group, the fifth battery string group, and the sixth battery string group are arranged along the second direction, with the second direction intersecting the first direction. In this way, the photovoltaic assembly can be arranged in an array as a whole, so that the layout size of the photovoltaic assembly in the embodiment of the present application is the same as the layout size of conventional assemblies, thereby eliminating the need for special processes or steps during production or assembly of the photovoltaic assembly in the embodiment of the present application, thereby reducing the difficulty of production or assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, the battery string includes two battery sub-strings connected in series, and the number of the four-divided battery cells in each battery sub-string is the same; the number of the four-divided battery cells in the first battery unit is twice the number of the four-divided battery cells in the first battery string group, and the number of the four-divided battery cells in the second battery unit is twice the number of the four-divided battery cells in the second battery string group. In this way, the number of four-divided battery cells managed by the first bypass module and the second bypass module can be further made uneven, thereby increasing the number of battery cells managed by one bypass module, thereby reducing the number of bypass modules in the photovoltaic module, and further reducing the number of junction boxes used to place bypass modules, thereby reducing the production cost of the photovoltaic module. At the same time, it can also reduce the number of openings required for the corresponding junction boxes in the photovoltaic module, reduce the risk of water vapor transmission, and increase the mechanical load performance of the photovoltaic module, thereby improving the long-term reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0011] Furthermore, in each battery string, two adjacent quadrants have an overlapping region, and the overlapping region has a dimension in the first direction of 0.1 mm to 10 mm. This eliminates the spacing between quadrants in the battery string, allowing more battery cells to be placed in the battery string, thereby improving the efficiency of the battery string.

[0012] Furthermore, in each of the cell strings, adjacent quadrants are spaced apart in the first direction by a first spacing less than 5 mm. This allows for a certain spacing between adjacent quadrants in the cell string, preventing them from obstructing each other and thereby improving the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0013] Furthermore, the photovoltaic assembly also includes a first junction box and a second junction box, the first bypass module is accommodated in the first junction box, and the second bypass module is accommodated in the second junction box. In this way, the bypass module can be accommodated in the junction box to protect the bypass module. Moreover, in the photovoltaic assembly in the embodiment of the present invention, only two junction boxes for placing the bypass modules are required, compared with the setting scheme in the prior art that requires three junction boxes. The photovoltaic assembly in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the number of junction boxes, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the production cost of the photovoltaic assembly. In addition, the number of openings required for the corresponding junction boxes in the photovoltaic assembly is reduced, the risk of water vapor transmission is reduced, the mechanical load performance of the photovoltaic assembly is increased, and the long-term reliability of the photovoltaic assembly is improved.

[0014] Furthermore, the photovoltaic assembly includes a first bus bar, a second bus bar, and a third bus bar; the two battery strings of the first battery string group are connected in parallel via the first bus bar and the second bus bar; and the two battery strings of the second battery string group are connected in parallel via the second bus bar and the third bus bar. Thus, by providing the first and second bus bars, the two battery strings of the first battery string group can be connected in series; and by providing the second and third bus bars, the two battery strings of the second battery string group can be connected in series.

[0015] Furthermore, the photovoltaic assembly includes a fourth bus bar, a fifth bus bar, a sixth bus bar and a seventh bus bar; the first battery unit includes a third battery string group and a fourth battery string group, and the third battery string group and the fourth battery string group are connected in series through the fourth bus bar; the second battery unit includes a fifth battery string group and a sixth battery string group, and the fifth battery string group and the sixth battery string group are connected in series through the fifth bus bar; the two battery strings of the third battery string group are connected in parallel through the fourth bus bar and the sixth bus bar, and the two battery strings of the fourth battery string group are connected in parallel through the fourth bus bar and the seventh bus bar; the two battery strings of the fifth battery string group are connected in parallel through the fifth bus bar and the sixth bus bar, and the two battery strings of the sixth battery string group are connected in parallel through the fifth bus bar and the seventh bus bar.

[0016] Thus, by providing the fourth busbar, the third and fourth battery string groups can be connected in series; and by providing the fifth busbar, the fifth and sixth battery string groups can be connected in series. Furthermore, by providing the fourth, sixth, and seventh busbars, two battery strings of the third battery string group can be connected in parallel; and by providing the fifth, sixth, and seventh busbars, two battery strings of the fourth battery string group can be connected in parallel.

[0017] Furthermore, the photovoltaic assembly includes an eighth busbar; the eighth busbar electrically connects the first busbar and the second busbar to connect the first battery string group and the first battery unit in series; the eighth busbar also electrically connects the second busbar and the third busbar to connect the second battery string group and the second battery unit in series. Thus, by providing the eighth busbar, the first battery string group and the first battery unit can be connected in series, and the second battery string group and the second battery unit can also be connected in series.

[0018] Furthermore, the photovoltaic module further includes an insulating member disposed between the eighth bus bar and the four-cell battery. This prevents the eighth bus bar from being electrically connected to components other than the first and second bus bars, reducing the risk of short circuiting the eighth bus bar and thereby improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0019] Furthermore, the photovoltaic module also includes an insulating member disposed between the four cells and bus bars, which include a first bus bar, a second bus bar, a third bus bar, a fourth bus bar, a fifth bus bar, a sixth bus bar, a seventh bus bar, and an eighth bus bar. Thus, by disposing the insulating member between each bus bar and the cell, the insulating member acts as an insulator, thereby preventing the risk of short-circuiting the bus bars and improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0020] Furthermore, the second size of the four-divided battery cell is 40 mm to 58 mm, and the first size of the four-divided battery cell is 150 mm to 250 mm.

[0021] Furthermore, the second size of the four-divided battery sheet is 80 mm to 115 mm, and the first size of the four-divided battery sheet is 80 mm to 115 mm.

[0022] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a photovoltaic system, which includes the photovoltaic assembly described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a photovoltaic module provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of battery strings in a photovoltaic module provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of cutting a whole cell into four cell slices according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5Schematic diagram of cutting a whole cell into four cell slices according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of cell strings in a photovoltaic module provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of cell strings in a photovoltaic module provided by yet another embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of cell strings in a photovoltaic module provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention when an insulating member is provided;

[0033] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module provided by another embodiment of the present invention when an insulating member is provided.

[0034] Explanation of main component symbols: 1000, first battery cell; 2000, second battery cell; 100, first battery string group; 200, second battery string group; 300, third battery string group; 400, fourth battery string group; 500, fifth battery string group; 600, sixth battery string group; 101, battery string; 10, battery sub-string; 20, first bypass module; 30, second bypass module; 11, four-cell battery; 41, first bus bar; 42, second bus bar; 43, third bus bar; 44, fourth bus bar; 45, fifth bus bar; 46, sixth bus bar; 47, seventh bus bar; 48, eighth bus bar; 50, insulating member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first size", "second size", "up", "down", "top", "bottom", "horizontal", "longitudinal", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0037] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections, or mutual communication; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0039] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples for realizing different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention may repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but a person of ordinary skill in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use scenarios of other materials.

[0040] Photovoltaic modules are based on the photovoltaic effect of crystalline silicon PN junctions, which can achieve efficient conversion of light energy into electrical energy. The application scenarios of photovoltaic modules cover many fields such as large-scale ground power stations, industrial and commercial roofs, ship power supply, and aerospace. The electrical structure of a typical photovoltaic module is composed of multiple groups of battery strings 101 connected in series and parallel. Among them, the conventional configuration of photovoltaic modules in related technologies usually adopts two groups of six-connected battery strings 101 in parallel. That is, the photovoltaic module is composed of two parallel battery string groups, each battery string group is composed of six battery strings connected in series, and the battery cells in each battery string 101 are half-cell cells of a two-split battery cell structure formed by laser cutting of the whole battery cell. However, the area of ​​the battery cells used in the photovoltaic modules in the prior art is relatively large, so significant internal resistance loss (I 2 R loss, that is, heat loss power), especially when the components are operated under high irradiation intensity conditions, excessive current density will aggravate the ohmic heating effect, resulting in significant efficiency in the overall output power of the photovoltaic components and obvious heat generation.

[0041] In order to solve the above technical problems, Figures 1 to 10 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, which includes: a first bypass module 20 and a first battery string group 100 and a second battery string group 200 connected in parallel; the first battery string group 100 and the second battery string group 200 each include two battery strings 101 connected in parallel, and the battery string 101 includes a plurality of quartered battery cells 11 connected in series, and the quartered battery cell 11 is a quarter battery cell cut from a whole battery cell, and the first end of the first battery string group 100 and the first end of the second battery string group 200 are both connected to the output end of the first bypass module 20, and the second end of the first battery string group 100 and the second end of the second battery string group 200 are both connected to the input end of the first bypass module 20. The photovoltaic assembly also includes: a second bypass module 30 and a first battery unit 1000 and a second battery unit 2000 connected in parallel; the first battery unit 1000 and the second battery unit 2000 each include two battery string groups connected in series, the battery string group includes two battery strings 101 connected in parallel, the battery string 101 includes a plurality of four-part battery cells 11 connected in series, the first end of the first battery unit 1000 and the first end of the second battery unit 2000 are both connected to the output end of the second bypass module 30, and the second end of the first battery unit 1000 and the second end of the second battery unit 2000 are both connected to the input end of the second bypass module 30.

[0042] Thus, in the photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present invention, the applicant arranges the cells in the photovoltaic module to be quarter cells cut from a whole cell, thereby reducing the area of ​​the cells in the photovoltaic module, reducing the power generation current of the single cell, and further reducing the internal power loss of the single cell, reducing the overall power loss of the photovoltaic module, and thus improving the output power of the photovoltaic module. Moreover, the photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present invention arranges the first cell string group 100 and the second cell string group 200 in parallel, and arranges the first battery unit 1000 and the second battery unit 2000, each including two series-connected cell strings, in parallel, with each cell string group including two parallel cell strings 101. This circuit design can reduce the power loss of the photovoltaic module while also making the overall output current and overall output voltage of the photovoltaic module of this embodiment equal to the overall output current and overall output voltage of the existing photovoltaic module using half-cell cells, thereby avoiding the reduction of the output current and output voltage of the photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present invention, and thus improving the output power of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Furthermore, existing photovoltaic modules typically utilize a three-part junction box, which divides the circuit into three parts using three bypass modules. This results in a large number of junction boxes and bypass modules, increasing the cost of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, the large number of junction boxes also increases the number of corresponding openings in the photovoltaic module backsheet or back glass, increasing the risk of moisture permeation and reducing the mechanical load-bearing capacity of the back glass, thus affecting the long-term reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0044] Therefore, in the present invention, the first junction box is in charge of two battery string groups, and the second junction box is in charge of four battery string groups. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, by increasing the number of battery cells that a bypass module is in charge of, the number of battery cells that the first junction box and the second junction box are in charge of are uneven, thereby reducing the number of bypass modules in the photovoltaic module, and further reducing the number of junction boxes used to place bypass modules in the photovoltaic module, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the production cost of the photovoltaic module. At the same time, reducing the number of junction boxes used to place bypass modules in the photovoltaic module can also reduce the increase in openings required for the corresponding junction boxes in the photovoltaic module, reduce the risk of water vapor transmission, increase the mechanical load performance of the photovoltaic module, and improve the long-term reliability of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, the first bypass module 20 and the second bypass module 30 can both be diodes.

[0045] It is understandable that the voltage of a solar cell is independent of its area, while the current is proportional to its area. Therefore, the voltage of the quartered cell 11 formed by cutting a whole solar cell is the same as the voltage of the whole solar cell, and the current of the quartered cell 11 is one-fourth of that of the whole solar cell, and the current of the quartered cell 11 is one-half of that of a half-cell solar cell. Compared to a half-cell cell, the quartered cell 11 can significantly reduce internal losses, which is beneficial for photovoltaic modules to increase power generation. At the same time, the quartered cell 11 can also reduce size and reduce welding warping, thereby reducing the risks of paralleling, hidden cracks, misalignment of the cell string 101, and insufficient creepage distance.

[0046] Among them, the types of the quadrant cell 11 in the embodiment of the present application include but are not limited to Passivated Emitter Rear Cell (PERC), Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact Cell (TOPCON), Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin-layer (HIT), Back Contact Cell (BC), Perovskite Solar Cells (PSC), etc. In this embodiment, the type of the quadrant cell 11 in the photovoltaic module is not specifically limited.

[0047] It is understood that the photovoltaic module in the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes two battery cells connected in parallel and two battery strings connected in parallel, each battery cell includes two battery strings connected in series, and each battery string includes two battery strings 101 connected in parallel. For the quartered cell 11, although the internal resistance of a single cell can be significantly reduced, the current of the single cell is also reduced.

[0048] To prevent a drop in the overall output current of the photovoltaic module, the present invention achieves current capacity compensation through a multi-stage parallel topology design. First, two battery strings 101 are connected in parallel to form a battery string group, thereby increasing the current of each battery string group. The first battery unit 1000 and the second battery unit 2000 each include two battery strings connected in series. The first battery unit 1000 and the second battery unit 2000 are then connected in parallel to increase the current of the circuit module formed by the first battery unit 1000 and the second battery unit 2000. Furthermore, the first battery string group 100 and the second battery string group 200 are connected in parallel to increase the current of the circuit module formed by the first battery string group 100 and the second battery string group 200, thereby further increasing the total output current of the photovoltaic module.

[0049] Therefore, the present invention uses a multi-stage current superposition mechanism to ultimately achieve that the total output current of the photovoltaic module with four-cell 11 is equivalent to the total output current of the photovoltaic module with half-cell.

[0050] At the same time, the multi-stage series topology design of the photovoltaic module in the embodiment of the present invention achieves voltage capacity compensation. First, the first battery unit 1000 and the second battery unit 2000 each include two series-connected battery strings, thereby increasing the voltage of the first battery string group 100 and the second battery string group 200. Then, by connecting the first battery unit 1000 in series with the first battery string group 100, and the second battery unit 2000 in series with the second battery string group 200, the total output voltage of the photovoltaic module is further increased, thereby achieving the total output voltage of the quarter-cell 11 photovoltaic module equivalent to the total output voltage of the half-cell photovoltaic module.

[0051] Therefore, the multi-stage series and multi-stage parallel design of the photovoltaic modules in the embodiment of the present invention can achieve voltage capacity compensation and current capacity compensation, so that the total output current and total output voltage of the photovoltaic modules remain unchanged.

[0052] In addition, the multi-stage parallel topology design of the photovoltaic module in the embodiment of the present invention can further reduce the total resistance of the photovoltaic module. First, the two battery strings 101 in each battery string group are connected in parallel, thereby reducing the resistance of each battery string group; then, the first battery string group 100 and the second battery string group 200 are connected in parallel, and the first battery unit 1000 and the second battery unit 2000 are connected in parallel, so that the total resistance of the photovoltaic module is further reduced, thereby reducing the power loss of the photovoltaic module.

[0053] Therefore, the photovoltaic modules of the embodiments of the present invention can reduce the power loss of the photovoltaic modules while maintaining the same total output current and total output voltage, thereby increasing the output power of the photovoltaic modules. Furthermore, maintaining the same total output current and total output voltage of the photovoltaic modules allows the photovoltaic modules of the embodiments of the present invention to maintain the same output voltage and current as conventional modules, allowing the photovoltaic modules of the embodiments of the present invention to be directly connected to existing photovoltaic systems without modifying the power infrastructure.

[0054] Specifically, the photovoltaic module in the present application can increase the overall output power of the photovoltaic module by 2% to 10% compared to the photovoltaic module with half-cell cells in the prior art.

[0055] Moreover, in conventional photovoltaic modules, when a cell is blocked, the current generated by the blocked cell will be inconsistent with the current generated by the unblocked cell, causing the cell to be reverse biased or even breakdown. The blocked portion of the cell will generate a large amount of heat, damaging the cell. Therefore, to prevent reverse bias from damaging the cell, the cell of the photovoltaic module is connected to a bypass module. However, in conventional photovoltaic modules, when the number of abnormally blocked cells is small, the bypass module will be turned on, resulting in the inability to collect the current generated by other normal cells connected in parallel with the bypass module, thereby reducing the overall output power of the photovoltaic module, resulting in significant power generation losses and reducing the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0056] Based on this, in an embodiment of the present invention, in order to increase the power generation of the photovoltaic module, the applicant sets a second bypass module 30 in parallel with the first battery unit 1000 and the second battery unit 2000, thereby increasing the number of battery cells managed by the second bypass module 30 and improving the total voltage of the battery cells managed by the second bypass module 30, thereby increasing the number of abnormal battery cells required for the second bypass module 30 to reach the starting threshold, reducing the risk of premature conduction of the second bypass module 30, and thus reducing the power generation loss of the photovoltaic module and improving the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0057] It is understood that the conduction threshold of the second bypass module 30 is fixed. When the first battery cell 1000 and the second battery cell 2000 generate a sufficiently large reverse bias voltage, the second bypass module 30 conducts, bypassing the first battery cell 1000 and the second battery cell 2000. The first battery cell 1000 and the second battery cell 2000 are connected in parallel, so the voltages of the first battery cell 1000 and the second battery cell 2000 are the same. Furthermore, the magnitude of the reverse bias voltage generated by the first battery cell 1000 and the second battery cell 2000 is related to the voltage of the first battery cell 1000 and the second battery string 101, as well as the number of abnormal battery cells in the first battery string 101 and the second battery string 101.

[0058] Therefore, the greater the voltage of the first battery cell 1000 or the second battery cell 2000, the more abnormal battery cells are required in the first battery cell 1000 and the second battery cell 2000 to generate a sufficient reverse bias voltage to turn on the second bypass module 30. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first battery cell 1000 and the second battery cell 2000 each include two battery strings connected in series. Compared with the prior art, the number of battery cells managed by a bypass module is increased, and the total voltage of the battery cells managed by a bypass module is increased, thereby increasing the number of abnormal battery cells required for the second bypass module 30 to reach the startup threshold, reducing the risk of the second bypass module 30 being turned on prematurely, thereby reducing the power generation loss of the photovoltaic module and improving the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0059] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, specifically, the photovoltaic module includes a first battery unit 1000 and a second battery unit 2000 connected in parallel, wherein the first battery unit 1000 includes two battery strings connected in series. The photovoltaic module also includes a first battery string group 100 and a second battery string group 200 connected in parallel, wherein the first battery string group 100 is connected in series with the first battery unit 1000, and the second battery string group 200 is connected in series with the second battery unit 2000. Each battery string group includes two battery strings 101 connected in parallel, and each battery string 101 includes 8 to 30 quadrant battery cells 11 connected in series. The number of quadrant battery cells 11 in a battery string 101 can be 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, or 30.

[0060] It is understood that the arrangement of the four battery cells 11 in the battery string 101 can be such that each four battery cells 11 are connected in series to form a battery string 101, or multiple four battery cells 11 are connected in series to form a battery sub-string 10, and then multiple battery sub-strings 10 are connected in series to form a complete battery string 101.

[0061] Specifically, the first end of the first battery string group 100 and the first end of the second battery string group 200 are both connected to the output end of the first bypass module 20 , and the second end of the first battery string group 100 and the second end of the second battery string group 200 are both connected to the input end of the first bypass module 20 .

[0062] Furthermore, the first battery string group 100 and the second battery string group 200 are connected in parallel, and the ends of the first battery string group 100 and the second battery string group 200 with the same polarity are connected. Specifically, the first end of the first battery string group 100 is connected in parallel with the first end of the second battery string group 200, and the second end of the first battery string group 100 is connected in parallel with the second end of the second battery string group 200. For example, the first end of the first battery string group 100 and the first end of the second battery string group 200 are both positive electrodes, and the second end of the first battery string group 100 and the second end of the second battery string group 200 are both negative electrodes; or, the first end of the first battery string group 100 and the first end of the second battery string group 200 are both negative electrodes, and the second end of the first battery string group 100 and the second end of the second battery string group 200 are both positive electrodes. That is, the positive end of the first battery string group 100 is connected to the positive end of the second battery string group 200, and the negative end of the first battery string group 100 is connected to the negative end of the second battery string group 200.

[0063] In this way, the first bypass module 20 can function as a bypass. When there are a large number of blocked cells, i.e., abnormal cells, in the first battery string group 100 and / or the second battery string group 200, and the reverse bias voltage generated by the first battery string group 100 and / or the second battery string group 200 is too large, the first bypass module 20 can be turned on to bypass the first battery string group 100 and the second battery string group 200, thereby preventing the reverse bias voltage from damaging the cells in the first battery string group 100 and / or the second battery string group 200.

[0064] Specifically, the first end of the first battery unit 1000 and the first end of the second battery unit 2000 are both connected to the output end of the second bypass module 30 , and the second end of the first battery unit 1000 and the second end of the second battery unit 2000 are both connected to the input end of the second bypass module 30 .

[0065] Furthermore, the first battery cell 1000 and the second battery cell 2000 are connected in parallel, with the ends of the first battery cell 1000 and the second battery cell 2000 of the same polarity being connected. Specifically, the first end of the first battery cell 1000 is connected in parallel with the first end of the second battery cell 2000, and the second end of the first battery cell 1000 is connected in parallel with the second end of the second battery cell 2000. For example, the first end of the first battery cell 1000 and the first end of the second battery cell 2000 are both positive electrodes, and the second end of the first battery cell 1000 and the second end of the second battery cell 2000 are both negative electrodes; or, the first end of the first battery cell 1000 and the first end of the second battery cell 2000 are both negative electrodes, and the second end of the first battery cell 1000 and the second end of the second battery cell 2000 are both positive electrodes. That is, the positive terminal of the first battery cell 1000 is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cell 2000, and the negative terminal of the first battery cell 1000 is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cell 2000.

[0066] In this way, the second bypass module 30 can function as a bypass. When there are a large number of blocked cells, i.e., abnormal cells, in the first battery unit 1000 and / or the second battery unit 2000, and the reverse bias voltage generated by the first battery unit 1000 and / or the second battery unit 2000 is too large, the first bypass module 20 can be turned on to bypass the first battery unit 1000 and the second battery unit 2000, thereby preventing the reverse bias voltage from damaging the cells in the first battery unit 1000 and / or the second battery unit 2000.

[0067] Specifically, the first bypass module 20 is connected in parallel to the first battery string group 100 and the second battery string group 200, and the second bypass module 30 is connected in parallel to the first battery unit 1000 and the second battery unit 2000. Therefore, the number of four-divided battery cells 11 managed by the second bypass module 30 is greater than the number of four-divided battery cells 11 managed by the first bypass module 20. For example, the number of four-divided battery cells 11 managed by the second bypass module 30 is twice the number of four-divided battery cells 11 managed by the first bypass module 20. Therefore, in an embodiment of the present invention, the number of four-divided battery cells 11 managed by the first bypass module 20 and the second bypass module 30 is uneven. In this way, in an embodiment of the present invention, the number of battery cells managed by a bypass module is increased, thereby reducing the number of bypass modules in the photovoltaic module, and then reducing the number of junction boxes used to place the bypass modules, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the production cost of the photovoltaic module. At the same time, it can also reduce the number of openings required for the corresponding junction boxes in the photovoltaic modules, increase the risk of water vapor penetration, increase the mechanical load performance of the photovoltaic modules, and improve the long-term reliability of the photovoltaic modules.

[0068] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, in one possible embodiment, a battery string 101 includes two battery sub-strings 10 connected in series, each of which has the same number of quadrants 11. The number of quadrants 11 in the first battery unit 1000 is twice the number of quadrants 11 in the first battery string 100, and the number of quadrants 11 in the second battery unit 2000 is twice the number of quadrants 11 in the second battery string 200. This allows the number of quadrants 11 distributed between the first bypass module 20 and the second bypass module 30 to be uneven, thereby increasing the number of cells distributed by each bypass module 30. This reduces the number of bypass modules in the photovoltaic module and, in turn, the number of junction boxes required to house the bypass modules, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, this reduces the number of openings required for the junction boxes in the photovoltaic module, which increases the risk of water vapor permeation and the mechanical load capacity of the photovoltaic module, thereby improving the long-term reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0069] In one possible embodiment, the first battery string group 100 and the second battery string group 200 are arranged along a first direction; the first battery unit 1000 includes a third battery string group 300 and a fourth battery string group 400 connected in series, and the second battery unit 2000 includes a fifth battery string group 500 and a sixth battery string group 600 connected in series; the first battery string group 100, the third battery string group 300, and the fourth battery string group 400 are arranged along a second direction, and the second battery string group 200, the fifth battery string group 500, and the sixth battery string group 600 are arranged along the second direction, with the second direction intersecting the first direction. In this way, the photovoltaic module can be arranged in an array, so that the size of the photovoltaic module in the embodiment of the present application is the same as that of a conventional module. Therefore, the photovoltaic module in the embodiment of the present application does not require special processes or steps during production or assembly, reducing the difficulty of production or assembly.

[0070] In one possible embodiment, the number of cell strings 101 in the first cell string group 100, the second cell string group 200, the third cell string group 300, the fourth cell string group 400, the fifth cell string group 500, and the sixth cell string group 600 is the same. In this way, the cell strings can be evenly distributed in the photovoltaic module, which can reduce stress concentration in the photovoltaic module and reduce the risk of hidden cracks and fragments of the quartered cell 11 in the photovoltaic module.

[0071] In one possible embodiment, the number of quadrant cells 11 in each cell string 10 is the same. This ensures consistent output voltage and current across all cell strings 10, facilitating standardized layout and electrical matching across all cell strings 10 in a photovoltaic module and simplifying the placement of solder strip routing and bypass modules. This also facilitates unified wiring design, facilitating rapid switching and debugging of automated production equipment, and eliminating the need to differentiate between routing methods for different strings during on-site installation and maintenance, thereby improving the efficiency of photovoltaic module setup.

[0072] like Figure 4 As shown, in one possible embodiment, the first dimension L3 of the quartered cell 11 is the same as the first dimension L4 of the entire cell, and the ratio of the second dimension L1 of the quartered cell 11 to the second dimension L2 of the entire cell is 1:4. This can further reduce the resistance of a single quartered cell 11, thereby further reducing the power loss of the photovoltaic module.

[0073] It is understood that the first size and second size of a cell refer to the size of the cell in two mutually perpendicular directions. For example, the first size L3 of a quartered cell 11 may be the size of the quartered cell in the horizontal direction, and the second size L2 of the quartered cell 11 may be the size of the quartered cell in the vertical direction. Alternatively, the first size L3 of a quartered cell 11 may be the size of the quartered cell in the vertical direction, and the second size L2 of the quartered cell 11 may be the size of the quartered cell in the horizontal direction.

[0074] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, the quartered cell 11 may be a quarter of a cell formed by cutting a whole cell in a "M-shaped" manner.

[0075] It is understandable that due to existing production processes, the ratio of the second dimension L1 of the quartered cell 11 to the second dimension L2 of the entire cell may not be an absolutely accurate 1:4. For example, if the ratio of the second dimension L1 of the quartered cell 11 to the second dimension L2 of the entire cell is within a range of 0.245 to 0.255, it can also be considered that the ratio of the second dimension L1 of the quartered cell 11 to the second dimension L2 of the entire cell is 1:4.

[0076] It is understandable that due to existing production processes, the first dimension L3 of the quartered cell 11 may not be exactly the same as the first dimension L4 of the whole cell. For example, if the difference between the first dimension L3 of the quartered cell 11 and the first dimension L4 of the whole cell is within 1 mm, the first dimension L3 of the quartered cell 11 may be considered to be the same as the first dimension L4 of the whole cell.

[0077] It can be understood that the resistance of the battery cell is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area. In the embodiment of the present invention, the first dimension L3 of the quartered battery cell 11 is the same as the first dimension L4 of the whole battery cell, and the ratio of the second dimension L1 of the quartered battery cell 11 to the second dimension L2 of the whole battery cell is 1:4. According to the resistance calculation formula Calculation shows that the cross-sectional area of ​​the quartered cell 11 remains unchanged due to the unchanged first dimension L3, while the change in the second dimension causes the second dimension L1 of the cut cell to become one-fourth of the previous one, so that the resistance of the quartered cell 11 can be one-fourth of the resistance of the whole cell, and the resistance of the quartered cell 11 is one-half of the resistance of the half cell, thereby further reducing the power loss of the photovoltaic module and further increasing the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0078] In some embodiments, the first dimension can be used as the width direction and the second dimension can be used as the length direction. When the length directions of the four sides of the battery cell are the same, the length direction and the width direction can be ignored. Therefore, the first dimension can also be used as the length direction and the second dimension can be used as the width direction.

[0079] Furthermore, the first size L3 of the quartered cell 11 may be 150 mm to 250 mm, for example, 150 mm, 180 mm, 190 mm, 200 mm, 210 mm, 220 mm, 230 mm, 240 mm, or 250 mm.

[0080] Furthermore, the second size L1 of the quartered battery cell 11 may be 40 mm to 58 mm, for example, 40 mm, 42 mm, 45 mm, 48 mm, 50 mm, 52 mm, 55 mm, or 58 mm.

[0081] like Figure 5 As shown, in a possible embodiment, the ratio of the first size L3 of the quartered cell 11 to the first size L4 of the whole cell is 1:2, and the ratio of the second size L1 of the quartered cell 11 to the second size L2 of the whole cell is 1:2. According to the resistance calculation formula Calculation shows that since the first dimension L3 becomes half of the previous one, the cross-sectional area of ​​the quartered cell 11 is reduced to half of the previous one, and the second dimension change causes the second dimension L1 of the cut cell to become one quarter of the previous one, so that the resistance of the quartered cell 11 remains unchanged, which is beneficial to maintaining the overall load balance of the component.

[0082] Specifically, if Figure 5 As shown, the quartered cell 11 may be a quarter of a cell formed by cutting a whole cell in a "T-shaped" pattern.

[0083] Furthermore, by setting the ratio of the first dimension L3 of the quartered cell 11 to the first dimension L4 of the entire cell at 1:2, and the ratio of the second dimension L1 of the quartered cell 11 to the second dimension L2 of the entire cell at 1:2, the second dimension of the photovoltaic module can be made narrower, while the first dimension of the photovoltaic module can be made longer, thereby enabling the photovoltaic module to cope with applications such as strip layouts. This allows the photovoltaic module to be used in applications such as curved roofs and irregularly shaped building surfaces, thereby increasing its application flexibility.

[0084] It is understandable that due to existing production processes, the ratio of the second dimension L1 of the quartered cell 11 to the second dimension L2 of the entire cell may not be an absolutely accurate 1:2. For example, if the ratio of the second dimension L1 of the quartered cell 11 to the second dimension L2 of the entire cell is within a range of 0.455 to 0.555, it can also be considered that the ratio of the second dimension L1 of the quartered cell 11 to the second dimension L2 of the entire cell is 1:2.

[0085] It is understandable that due to existing production processes, the ratio of the first dimension L3 of the quartered cell 11 to the first dimension L4 of the entire cell may not be an absolutely accurate 1:2. For example, if the ratio of the first dimension L3 of the quartered cell 11 to the first dimension L4 of the entire cell is within a range of 0.455 to 0.555, it can also be considered that the ratio of the first dimension L3 of the quartered cell 11 to the first dimension L4 of the entire cell is 1:2.

[0086] Furthermore, the first size L3 of the quartered cell 11 may be 80 mm to 115 mm, for example, 80 mm, 85 mm, 90 mm, 95 mm, 100 mm, 105 mm, 110 mm, or 115 mm.

[0087] Furthermore, the second size L1 of the quartered cell 11 may be 80 mm to 115 mm, for example, 80 mm, 85 mm, 90 mm, 95 mm, 100 mm, 105 mm, 110 mm, or 115 mm.

[0088] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in one possible embodiment, in each battery string 10, two adjacent quadrants 11 have an overlapping area, and the dimension K of the overlapping area in the first direction is 0.1mm to 10mm. For example, it is 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 2mm, 5mm, 8mm, or 10mm. In this way, the spacing between the quadrants 11 in the battery string 10 can be reduced, allowing more battery cells to be placed in the battery string 10, thereby improving the efficiency of the battery string 10.

[0089] It can be understood that the dimension K of the overlapping area of ​​two adjacent quarter-cells 11 in the first direction cannot be too large or too small. When the dimension K of the overlapping area in the first direction is less than 0.1 mm, the requirements for the manufacturing process are high, and it is impossible to add more cells to the battery string 10, which has a small improvement in the utilization efficiency of the battery string 10; when the dimension K of the overlapping area in the first direction is greater than 10 mm, the overlapping area between adjacent quarter-cells 11 is too large, resulting in an excessively large area of ​​mutual shading between the quarter-cells 11, reducing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the quarter-cells 11, thereby reducing the efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0090] like Figure 8 As shown, in one possible embodiment, in each battery string 10, two adjacent quadrant cells 11 have a first spacing D in a first direction, and the first spacing D is less than 5 mm. For example, the spacing D is 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, or 4.5 mm. In this way, adjacent quadrant cells 11 in the battery string 10 can have a certain spacing, preventing adjacent quadrant cells 11 from blocking each other, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0091] It is understood that the spacing between two adjacent quadrant cells 11 in the first direction cannot be too large. If the spacing between two adjacent quadrant cells 11 in the first direction is greater than 5 mm, the light absorption rate of the photovoltaic module will be reduced, thereby reducing the efficiency of the photovoltaic module. It will also result in fewer cells being able to be placed in the battery string 10, thereby reducing the efficiency of the battery string 10.

[0092] In one possible embodiment, a photovoltaic module includes a first bus bar 41, a second bus bar 42, and a third bus bar 43. The two battery strings 101 of a first battery string group 100 are connected in parallel via the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42. The two battery strings 101 of a second battery string group 200 are connected in parallel via the second bus bar 42 and the third bus bar 43. Thus, the arrangement of the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 enables the two battery strings 101 of the first battery string group 100 to be connected in series. Furthermore, the arrangement of the second bus bar 42 and the third bus bar 43 enables the two battery strings 101 of the second battery string group 200 to be connected in series.

[0093] Optionally, the first bus bar 41, the second bus bar 42, and the third bus bar 43 can be arranged on the side or back of the quadrant cell 11 in the photovoltaic module. In this way, a variety of arrangement positions of the first bus bar 41 are provided to adapt to more actual production scenarios.

[0094] It is understandable that when the first bus bar 41, the second bus bar 42 and the third bus bar 43 are arranged on the side of the cell in the photovoltaic module, the first bus bar 41 does not block the four-cell cell 11, thereby avoiding affecting the light receiving of the four-cell cell 11.

[0095] It can be understood that when the first bus bar 41, the second bus bar 42 and the third bus bar 43 are arranged on the back of the cell in the photovoltaic module, the first bus bar 41 can be hidden, thereby improving the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module, and the space occupied by the first bus bar 41 can be reduced, thereby reducing the size of the photovoltaic module, which is conducive to reducing costs.

[0096] In one possible embodiment, the photovoltaic assembly includes a fourth bus bar 44, a fifth bus bar 45, a sixth bus bar 46, and a seventh bus bar 47; the first battery unit 1000 includes a third battery string group 300 and a fourth battery string group 400, and the third battery string group 300 and the fourth battery string group 400 are connected in series through the fourth bus bar 44; the second battery unit 2000 includes a fifth battery string group 500 and a sixth battery string group 600, and the fifth battery string group 500 and the sixth battery string group 600 are connected in series. 00 are connected in series via the fifth bus bar 45; the two battery strings 101 of the third battery string group 300 are connected in parallel via the fourth bus bar 44 and the sixth bus bar 46, and the two battery strings 101 of the fourth battery string group 400 are connected in parallel via the fourth bus bar 44 and the seventh bus bar; the two battery strings 101 of the fifth battery string group 500 are connected in parallel via the fifth bus bar 45 and the sixth bus bar 46, and the two battery strings 101 of the sixth battery string group 600 are connected in parallel via the fifth bus bar 45 and the seventh bus bar 47. In this way, the third battery string group 300 and the fourth battery string group 400 can be connected in series by the provision of the fourth bus bar 44; and the fifth battery string group 500 and the sixth battery string group 600 can be connected in series by the provision of the fifth bus bar 45.

[0097] In addition, by providing the fourth bus bar 44, the sixth bus bar 46 and the seventh bus bar 47, the two battery strings 101 of the third battery string group 300 can be connected in parallel; and by providing the fifth bus bar 45, the sixth bus bar 46 and the seventh bus bar 47, the two battery strings 101 of the fourth battery string group 400 can be connected in parallel.

[0098] Furthermore, the fourth bus bar 44 and the fifth bus bar 45 can simultaneously realize the functions of series connection of adjacent battery string groups and parallel connection of adjacent battery strings 101, thereby reducing the number of bus bars in the photovoltaic module and further reducing the production cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0099] Specifically, in the first battery cell 1000, the third battery string group 300 and the fourth battery string group 400 are connected in series, and the third battery string group 300 and the fourth battery string group 400 are connected at opposite polarities. Furthermore, the first end of the third battery string group 300 is connected in series with the second end of the fourth battery string group 400. For example, the first end of the first battery string group 100 and the first end of the fourth battery string group 400 are both positive electrodes, and the second end of the first battery string group 100 and the second end of the fourth battery string group 400 are both negative electrodes; or, the first end of the first battery string group 100 and the first end of the fourth battery string group 400 are both negative electrodes, and the second end of the first battery string group 100 and the second end of the fourth battery string group 400 are both positive electrodes. That is, the positive end of the third battery string group 300 is connected to the negative end of the fourth battery string group 400, or the negative end of the third battery string group 300 is connected to the positive end of the fourth battery string group 400.

[0100] Optionally, the fourth busbar 44, the fifth busbar 45, the sixth busbar 46, and the seventh busbar 47 can be arranged on the side or back of the quadrant cell 11 in the photovoltaic module. In this way, a variety of arrangement positions of the second busbar 42 are provided to adapt to more actual production scenarios.

[0101] It is understandable that when the fourth bus bar 44, the fifth bus bar 45, the sixth bus bar 46 and the seventh bus bar 47 are arranged on the side of the cell in the photovoltaic module, the second bus bar 42 can avoid blocking the quartered cell 11, thereby avoiding affecting the light receiving capacity of the quartered cell 11.

[0102] It can be understood that when the fourth bus bar 44, the fifth bus bar 45, the sixth bus bar 46 and the seventh bus bar 47 are arranged on the back of the battery cell in the photovoltaic module, the second bus bar 42 can be hidden, thereby improving the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module, and can also reduce the space occupied by the second bus bar 42, thereby reducing the size of the photovoltaic module, which is conducive to reducing costs.

[0103] In one possible embodiment, the photovoltaic assembly includes an eighth bus bar 48; the eighth bus bar 48 electrically connects the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42 to connect the first battery string group 100 in series with the first battery unit 1000; the eighth bus bar 48 also electrically connects the second bus bar 42 and the third bus bar 43 to connect the second battery string group 200 in series with the second battery unit 2000. In this way, through the provision of the eighth bus bar 48, the first battery string group 100 and the first battery unit 1000 can be connected in series, and the second battery string group 200 and the second battery unit 2000 can also be connected in series.

[0104] Furthermore, the eighth bus bar 48 is the largest bus bar in the first direction among all the bus bars in the photovoltaic module. Therefore, by setting the eighth bus bar 48 to be the largest in the first direction, the eighth bus bar 48 can be large enough to complete the parallel connection of the first battery string group 100 and the second battery string group 200.

[0105] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the photovoltaic module further includes an insulating member 50, which is disposed between the quadrant cell 11 and the eighth bus bar 48. This prevents the eighth bus bar 48 from being electrically connected to any component other than the first bus bar 41 and the second bus bar 42, thereby reducing the risk of short circuiting the eighth bus bar 48 and improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0106] like Figure 10 As shown, further, two adjacent quadrants 11 in a cell string 10 have an overlapping region, and the photovoltaic module further includes an insulating member 50, which is disposed between the quadrants 11 and bus bars. The bus bars include a first bus bar 41, a second bus bar 42, a third bus bar 43, a fourth bus bar 44, a fifth bus bar 45, a sixth bus bar 46, a seventh bus bar 47, and an eighth bus bar 48. Specifically, two adjacent quadrants 11 in each cell string 10 have an overlapping region. Because each bus bar needs to be disposed on the surface of the cell, an insulating member needs to be disposed between each bus bar and the cell to provide insulation, thereby avoiding the risk of short-circuiting the bus bars, and thus improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0107] It is understood that the insulating member 50 can be configured as a long strip, that is, to match the size of each busbar, and the insulating member 40 can be perforated where conductive connection with the four-cell battery 11 is required so that conductive connection can be made with the corresponding area of ​​the four-cell battery 11, and insulated from areas where no conductive connection is required. The insulating member 40 can also be configured to match the size of the area of ​​the four-cell battery 11 that needs to be insulated, so that the volume of the insulating member 50 is reduced and the cost is reduced. This application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0108] In one possible embodiment, the photovoltaic assembly further includes a first junction box and a second junction box, the first bypass module 20 is accommodated in the first junction box, and the second bypass module 30 is accommodated in the second junction box. In this way, the bypass module can be accommodated in the junction box to protect the bypass module. Moreover, in the photovoltaic assembly in the embodiment of the present invention, only two junction boxes for placing the bypass modules are required, compared with the setting scheme in the prior art that requires three junction boxes. The photovoltaic assembly in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the number of junction boxes, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the production cost of the photovoltaic assembly. In addition, the number of openings required for the corresponding junction boxes in the photovoltaic assembly is reduced, the risk of water vapor transmission is reduced, the mechanical load performance of the photovoltaic assembly is increased, and the long-term reliability of the photovoltaic assembly is improved.

[0109] In one possible embodiment, the quartered cells 11 in a photovoltaic module are all made of solar cells of the same area, divided into four equal parts at the same ratio. This way, all quartered cells 11 in the photovoltaic module have the same current, and the voltage is unaffected, resulting in the same power. No further processing for current or power matching is required.

[0110] Specifically, the four-part cell 11 can be a busbar cell or a busbar-less cell.

[0111] Furthermore, the whole cells of all the quartered cells 11 in the photovoltaic module may be of the same type or different types; and may be of the same area or different areas.

[0112] like Figure 2 Specifically, after being packaged, the photovoltaic modules can be formed into photovoltaic modules. The photovoltaic modules can be double-glass modules or single-glass modules. The photovoltaic modules can have a 54-inch, 60-inch, 72-inch, or other formats. The specific form of the photovoltaic modules is not limited here.

[0113] Furthermore, it is understood that in such an embodiment, the photovoltaic module may further include a frame, a backsheet, photovoltaic glass, and an adhesive film. The adhesive film may be placed between the front and back surfaces of the cells, the photovoltaic glass, and adjacent cells. As a filler, it may be a transparent colloid with good light transmittance and aging resistance. For example, the adhesive film may be EVA film or POE film. The specific choice may be based on actual conditions and is not limited here.

[0114] Photovoltaic glass can cover the adhesive film on the front of the cell. The photovoltaic glass can be ultra-clear glass, which has high light transmittance and transparency, as well as excellent physical, mechanical, and optical properties. For example, ultra-clear glass can have a light transmittance of over 92%, protecting the cell while minimizing the impact on cell efficiency. The adhesive film also bonds the photovoltaic glass and cell together, providing sealing, insulation, and waterproofing.

[0115] The backsheet can be attached to the film on the back of the solar cell. The backsheet protects and supports the solar cell and offers reliable insulation, water resistance, and aging resistance. Multiple backsheet options are available, typically including tempered glass, organic glass, and aluminum alloy TPT composite film. The specific backsheet configuration can be tailored to the specific situation and is not limited here. The backsheet, solar cell, film, and photovoltaic glass assembly can be mounted on a frame. The frame serves as the primary external support structure for the entire photovoltaic module and provides stable support and installation. For example, the frame allows the photovoltaic module to be installed in the desired location.

[0116] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic system of the embodiment of the present application includes the photovoltaic components described above. In this embodiment, the photovoltaic system can be applied to photovoltaic power stations, such as ground power stations, rooftop power stations, water surface power stations, etc., and can also be applied to equipment or devices that use solar energy to generate electricity, such as user solar power supplies, solar street lights, solar cars, solar buildings, etc. Of course, it can be understood that the application scenarios of the photovoltaic system are not limited to this, that is, the photovoltaic system can be applied in all fields that require solar energy to generate electricity. Taking the photovoltaic power generation system network as an example, the photovoltaic system may include a photovoltaic array, a junction box and an inverter. The photovoltaic array can be an array combination of multiple photovoltaic components. For example, multiple photovoltaic components can form multiple photovoltaic arrays. The photovoltaic array is connected to the junction box. The junction box can converge the current generated by the photovoltaic array. The converged current flows through the inverter to convert it into the alternating current required by the mains power grid and then connected to the mains power network to achieve solar power supply.

[0117] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the illustrative use of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0118] In addition, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly includes: a first bypass module and a first battery string group and a second battery string group connected in parallel; The first battery string group and the second battery string group each include two battery strings connected in parallel, each battery string including a plurality of quartered battery slices connected in series, each quartered battery slice being a quarter battery slice cut from a whole battery slice, a first end of the first battery string group and a first end of the second battery string group both being connected to the output end of the first bypass module, and a second end of the first battery string group and a second end of the second battery string group both being connected to the input end of the first bypass module; The photovoltaic assembly further includes: a second bypass module and a first battery unit and a second battery unit connected in parallel; The first battery unit and the second battery unit each include two battery string groups connected in series, the battery string group includes two battery strings connected in parallel, the battery string includes a plurality of four-part battery slices connected in series, the first end of the first battery unit and the first end of the second battery unit are both connected to the output end of the second bypass module, and the second end of the first battery unit and the second end of the second battery unit are both connected to the input end of the second bypass module.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that The first size of the quartered battery cell is the same as the first size of the whole battery cell, and the ratio of the second size of the quartered battery cell to the second size of the whole battery cell is 1:

4.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that The ratio of the first size of the quartered battery cell to the first size of the whole battery cell is 1:2, and the ratio of the second size of the quartered battery cell to the second size of the whole battery cell is 1:

2.

4. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that: One of the first size and the second size is a first size, and the other is a second size.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that The first battery string group and the second battery string group are arranged in a first direction; the first battery unit includes a third battery string group and a fourth battery string group connected in series, and the second battery unit includes a fifth battery string group and a sixth battery string group connected in series; The first battery string group, the third battery string group, and the fourth battery string group are arranged along a second direction, and the second battery string group, the fifth battery string group, and the sixth battery string group are arranged along the second direction, and the second direction intersects the first direction.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The battery string includes two battery sub-strings connected in series, and the number of the four-part battery cells in each battery sub-string is the same; the number of the four-part battery cells in the first battery unit is twice the number of the four-part battery cells in the first battery string group, and the number of the four-part battery cells in the second battery unit is twice the number of the four-part battery cells in the second battery string group.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that: In each of the battery strings, two adjacent four-cell segments have an overlapping area, and a size of the overlapping area in the first direction is 0.1 mm to 10 mm.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that: In each of the battery strings, two adjacent four-cell battery sheets have a first spacing in the first direction, and the first spacing is less than 5 mm.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The system further includes a first junction box and a second junction box. The first bypass module is accommodated in the first junction box, and the second bypass module is accommodated in the second junction box.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly includes a first bus bar, a second bus bar and a third bus bar; The two battery strings of the first battery string group are connected in parallel via the first bus bar and the second bus bar; The two battery strings of the second battery string group are connected in parallel via the second bus bar and the third bus bar.

11. The photovoltaic module according to claim 10, characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly includes a fourth bus bar, a fifth bus bar, a sixth bus bar and a seventh bus bar; The first battery unit includes a third battery string group and a fourth battery string group, and the third battery string group and the fourth battery string group are connected in series through the fourth bus bar; The second battery unit includes a fifth battery string group and a sixth battery string group, and the fifth battery string group and the sixth battery string group are connected in series through the fifth bus bar; The two battery strings of the third battery string group are connected in parallel via the fourth bus bar and the sixth bus bar, and the two battery strings of the fourth battery string group are connected in parallel via the fourth bus bar and the seventh bus bar; The two battery strings of the fifth battery string group are connected in parallel via the fifth bus bar and the sixth bus bar, and the two battery strings of the sixth battery string group are connected in parallel via the fifth bus bar and the seventh bus bar.

12. The photovoltaic module according to claim 11, characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly includes an eighth bus bar; The eighth bus bar is electrically connected to the first bus bar and the third bus bar, so that the first battery string group and the second battery string group are connected in parallel; The eighth bus bar is also electrically connected to the sixth bus bar, so that the second battery string group and the second battery unit are connected in series.

13. The photovoltaic module according to claim 12, characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly further includes an insulating member, which is disposed between the eighth bus bar and the four-cell battery.

14. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly also includes an insulating member, which is arranged between the four battery cells and the bus bars. The bus bars include a first bus bar, a second bus bar, a third bus bar, a fourth bus bar, a fifth bus bar, a sixth bus bar, a seventh bus bar and an eighth bus bar.

15. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second size of the four-divided battery sheet is 40 mm to 58 mm, and the first size of the four-divided battery sheet is 150 mm to 250 mm.

16. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second size of the four-divided battery sheet is 80 mm to 115 mm, and the first size of the four-divided battery sheet is 80 mm to 115 mm.

17. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module comprises the photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

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