Vector reluctance gear and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a vector reluctance gear and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of transmission devices.The vector reluctance gear comprises an outer rotor assembly which comprises a plurality of electromagnetic coils, is distributed according to a circumferential array and is used for generating a changing magnetic field; the inner rotor assembly comprises an inner rotor iron core which interacts with the magnetic field of the outer rotor assembly to generate torque; the magnetic field adjusting module is arranged between the electromagnetic coil and the inner rotor iron core and is used for adjusting a magnetic field; the main shaft is matched with the inner rotor assembly and serves as an input or output shaft of the whole system; the detection module is electrically connected to the outer rotor assembly and the inner rotor assembly and is used for feeding back the positions and the magnetic field intensity of the outer rotor and the inner rotor in real time and outputting a detection signal; and the control module is used for adjusting the current amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic coil according to the signal fed back by the power input unit and the detection signal, and dynamically changing the magnetic field direction and the magnetic resistance distribution. The transmission has the effects of dynamically adjusting the transmission ratio, being free of mechanical contact, and being efficient and energy-saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of transmission devices, and in particular to a vector reluctance gear and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, transmission devices are key components in mechanical systems used to transmit power and adjust motion forms (speed, torque, and direction). Mechanical meshing methods represented by gear transmissions are subject to wear, vibration, noise, and lubrication and maintenance requirements caused by physical contact. Their transmission efficiency decreases with load changes, restricting the reliability of high-precision equipment and long-cycle operating systems.

[0003] Although magnetic transmission devices (such as magnetic gears and magnetic couplers) can achieve contactless power transmission, they are limited by the arrangement of permanent magnets and the magnetic field coupling mechanism. They generally have problems such as fixed transmission ratios and insufficient torque adjustment capabilities under dynamic working conditions, making it difficult to meet the flexibility requirements of the transmission system under complex working conditions.

[0004] Therefore, this application proposes a new technical solution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems of wear, noise and poor dynamic adjustment capability of traditional transmission, the present application provides a vector reluctance gear and a control method thereof.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a vector reluctance gear, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A vector reluctance gear, comprising:

[0008] an outer rotor assembly comprising a plurality of electromagnetic coils arranged in a circumferential array for generating a varying magnetic field;

[0009] an inner rotor assembly comprising an inner rotor core, the magnetic reluctance of which varies with the direction of the magnetic field and interacts with the magnetic field of the outer rotor assembly to generate torque;

[0010] A magnetic field regulating module is provided between the electromagnetic coil and the inner rotor core and is used to regulate the magnetic field;

[0011] The main shaft cooperates with the inner rotor assembly and serves as the input or output shaft of the entire system;

[0012] A detection module, which is electrically connected to the outer rotor assembly and the inner rotor assembly, is used to provide real-time feedback on the position and magnetic field strength of the outer rotor and the inner rotor, and output a detection signal;

[0013] The control module is electrically connected to the outer rotor assembly, the inner rotor assembly, the magnetic field regulation module, the detection module and the preset power input unit. It is used to adjust the current amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic coil according to the signal feedback from the power input unit and the detection signal feedback from the detection module, and dynamically change the magnetic field direction and magnetic resistance distribution.

[0014] Optionally, the control module is configured as follows:

[0015] Obtaining a torque demand signal and a load signal fed back by a pre-connected load;

[0016] Calculate the target transmission ratio based on the torque demand signal and the load signal;

[0017] Acquire a detection signal fed back by the detection module and an input signal fed back by the power input unit;

[0018] Based on the preset vector algorithm, the current amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic coil are adjusted according to the detection signal, input signal and target transmission ratio, and the magnetic field direction and magnetic resistance distribution are dynamically adjusted to output the required torque.

[0019] Optionally, it also includes a housing, the main shaft is connected to bearing 1, the bearing 1 is connected to the housing, the housing is used to fix the outer rotor assembly, the bearing 1 is used to support the main shaft and the outer rotor assembly, the main shaft is connected to bearing 2, and the bearing 2 is used to support the main shaft and the magnetic field regulation module.

[0020] Optionally, the magnetic field regulation module includes a magnetic tuning ring, a magnetic tuning ring coil and a support frame. The magnetic tuning ring is coaxially arranged between the inner rotor core and the electromagnetic coil. There are several magnetic tuning ring coils, and the several magnetic tuning ring coils are evenly arranged along the circumference of the magnetic tuning ring and built into the magnetic tuning ring. The support frame is connected to the magnetic tuning ring and bearing 2.

[0021] Optionally, the detection module includes a position sensor and a magnetic flux sensor, which are electrically connected to the control module respectively. The position sensor is used to detect the position information of the rotor, and the magnetic flux sensor is used to detect the magnetic field strength of the rotor.

[0022] Optionally, an altitude and air pressure detection module is further included, wherein the altitude and air pressure detection module is electrically connected to the control module, and the control module is configured as follows:

[0023] Get the altitude and pressure feedback from the altitude and pressure detection module;

[0024] Based on the altitude and air pressure, the preset database is searched to determine the amount of interference with the magnetic field strength;

[0025] Calculate the compensation amount based on the interference amount and the magnetic field strength detected in real time;

[0026] The current amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic coil are adjusted according to the compensation amount.

[0027] Optionally, a through slot is provided at the protruding end of the inner rotor core, a fixed plate is fixedly connected in the through slot, an adjustment plate is movably connected in the through slot, and the main shaft is provided with an adjustment component for adjusting the distance between the adjustment plate and the fixed plate.

[0028] Optionally, a closed air cavity is opened inside the main shaft, and a plurality of positioning protrusions are provided on the inner wall of the through groove. The adjustment plate is located between two adjacent positioning protrusions. The adjustment component includes a moving rod and a pressure block. One end of the moving rod is fixedly connected to the adjustment plate, and the pressure block is located in the air cavity of the main shaft. The end of the moving rod facing away from the adjustment plate extends into the air cavity and is fixedly connected to the pressure block.

[0029] In a second aspect, the present application provides a control method for a vector reluctance gear, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0030] A method for controlling a vector reluctance gear uses any of the above-mentioned vector reluctance gears to dynamically adjust and control the direction and intensity of its magnetic field.

[0031] To summarize, the present application includes the following beneficial technical effects: a controllable magnetic field is generated through the stator assembly, and the magnetic resistance of the rotor assembly changes with the direction of the magnetic field, and interacts with the stator magnetic field to generate torque. By combining the magnetic resistance effect with vector control technology, the direct-axis and quadrature-axis components of the magnetic field are decomposed, the magnetic field distribution is adjusted in real time according to load requirements, the magnetic resistance and torque are adjusted independently, and the rotation is driven by the magnetic resistance difference between the rotor salient pole and the stator magnetic field. No physical contact is required, wear is reduced, and stepless speed power transmission is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is an overall cross-sectional view of this application.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an inner rotor assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of an inner rotor assembly according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the inner rotor core structure of another embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. Outer rotor core; 11. Electromagnetic coil; 2. Inner rotor core; 3. Main shaft; 4. Magnetic adjustment ring; 41. Magnetic adjustment ring coil; 42. Support frame; 5. Housing; 31. Bearing 1; 32. Bearing 2; 6. Through slot; 61. Fixed plate; 62. Adjustment plate; 7. Adjustment assembly; 8. Air cavity; 63. Positioning protrusion; 71. Moving rod; 72. Pressure block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 This application is described in further detail.

[0038] An embodiment of the present application discloses a vector reluctance gear.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 The vector reluctance gear includes an outer rotor assembly, an inner rotor assembly, a magnetic field adjustment module, a main shaft 3, a detection module and a control module.

[0040] This application generates a controllable magnetic field through an outer rotor assembly, and the magnetic resistance of the inner rotor assembly changes with the direction of the magnetic field, interacting with the magnetic field of the outer rotor to generate torque. By combining the magnetic resistance effect and vector control technology, the direct axis (d-axis) and quadrature axis (q-axis) components of the magnetic field are decomposed, the magnetic field distribution is adjusted in real time according to load requirements, the magnetic resistance and torque are adjusted independently, and the magnetic resistance difference between the salient poles of the inner rotor and the magnetic field of the outer rotor is used to drive rotation. No physical contact is required, wear is reduced, and stepless power transmission is achieved.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The outer rotor assembly includes a plurality of electromagnetic coils 11 and an outer rotor core 1. The outer rotor core 1 is composed of a plurality of tooth-shaped silicon steel sheets (using high magnetic permeability, low loss silicon steel sheets or amorphous alloys) stacked together, which includes an outer rotor yoke and outer rotor teeth. The outer rotor yoke is used to connect the outer rotor teeth, and the outer rotor teeth are used to install the electromagnetic coils 11. Different currents are passed through the electromagnetic coils 11 to generate a changing magnetic field.

[0042] The inner rotor assembly includes an inner rotor core 2. In this embodiment, the inner rotor core 2 is a salient pole core. In other embodiments, such as Figure 3 The iron core in the inner rotor assembly can also be a multi-tooth structure, which is composed of multiple tooth-shaped silicon steel sheets stacked together, including an inner rotor yoke and inner rotor teeth. The inner rotor yoke is used to connect the inner rotor teeth, and the inner rotor teeth are used to install the inner rotor coil. The inner rotor coil is also an electromagnetic coil, and different currents are passed through it to generate a changing magnetic field.

[0043] The main shaft 3 cooperates with the outer rotor core 1 and can serve as the input, output or fixed shaft of the entire system, and can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0044] The magnetic field regulation module includes a magnetic tuning ring 4, magnetic tuning ring coils 41, and a support frame 42. The magnetic tuning ring 4 is coaxially arranged between the inner rotor core 2 and the outer rotor core 1, with an air gap between them. This adjusts the magnetic field and produces a differential effect. Several magnetic tuning ring coils 41 are provided, evenly arranged along the circumference of the magnetic tuning ring 4 and embedded in the sidewalls of the magnetic tuning ring 4. The support frame 42 connects and supports the magnetic tuning ring 4. In other embodiments, the magnetic tuning ring coils 41 may be embedded in an iron core.

[0045] Specifically, the present application further includes a housing 5, which is used to protect and fix the outer rotor core 1. In other embodiments, the housing 5 can serve as the input or output of the entire system. The specific mechanical connection structure is as follows:

[0046] Reference Figure 2 The main shaft 3 is connected to a bearing 1 31, which is connected to the housing 5. The outer rotor core 1 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 5, so that the bearing 1 31 is used to support the main shaft 3 and the outer rotor core 1. The inner rotor core 2 is coaxially fixed with the main shaft 3. The main shaft 3 is connected to a bearing 2 32, which supports the main shaft 3 and the magnetic tuning ring 4 through a support frame 42, so that the magnetic tuning ring 4 can be stably positioned between the outer rotor core 1 and the inner rotor core 2. In other embodiments, any of the outer rotor core 1, the inner rotor core 2, or the magnetic tuning ring 4 can serve as the input / output unit of the system and can be connected and configured according to actual usage.

[0047] The detection module includes a position sensor and a magnetic flux sensor electrically connected to the control module respectively, wherein the position sensor can be a Hall sensor or an encoder, the position sensor is used to detect the position information of the outer rotor core and the inner rotor core, and the magnetic flux sensor is used to detect the magnetic field strength of the outer rotor assembly and the inner rotor assembly.

[0048] In another embodiment of the present application, taking the continuously variable transmission system of an electric vehicle as an example, the installation method is: the vector reluctance gear of the present application replaces the traditional gearbox, connects the motor and the wheel drive shaft, and the control logic is as follows:

[0049] The control module is configured as:

[0050] Obtaining a torque demand signal and a load signal fed back by a pre-connected load;

[0051] Calculate the target transmission ratio based on the torque demand signal and the load signal;

[0052] It can be understood that, for example: the vehicle speed signal and the throttle signal are input into the control module, wherein the throttle signal represents the driver's torque demand, and the pedal signal can be processed by an exponential smoothing algorithm and mapped to a 0-100% torque demand coefficient; the vehicle speed signal is a load signal fed back by the wheel, which can be obtained through the wheel speed sensor; the corresponding transmission ratio is calculated by real-time solving the vehicle speed-throttle mapping table pre-stored in the database using the existing simulation model.

[0053] Obtain the detection signal fed back by the detection module and the input signal fed back by the power input unit (the rotor position information and magnetic field strength are obtained through the sensor, and the input signal fed back by the power input unit is the current signal of the motor);

[0054] Based on the preset vector algorithm, the stator current phase and amplitude are adjusted according to the detection signal, input signal and target transmission ratio, and the magnetic field direction and magnetic resistance distribution are dynamically changed to maximize the magnetic resistance difference and output the required torque.

[0055] It can be understood that vector algorithms such as FOC and field-oriented control convert the three-phase stator current into the direct axis (d-axis, excitation component) and quadrature axis (q-axis, torque component) in the rotating coordinate system through Clarke-Park transformation, which are d-axis current and q-axis current respectively. By adjusting the d-axis current, the magnetic field strength can be controlled and the magnetic resistance distribution can be affected; by adjusting the q-axis current, the torque output is directly determined; by adjusting the phase angle of the stator winding current, the direction of the stator magnetic field relative to the rotor is changed, and the ratio of the d-axis current to the q-axis current is dynamically adjusted to maximize the magnetic resistance torque; the PWM signal is used to control the coil drive circuit to adjust the current magnitude and phase.

[0056] Through the above settings, the transmission ratio can be adjusted steplessly from 0 to 100%, and the magnetic field can be reversely controlled to recover kinetic energy during energy recovery.

[0057] In another embodiment of the present application, an air gap exists between the inner rotor core 2 and the magnetic tuning ring 4, as well as the outer rotor core 1. However, in high-altitude areas, as the altitude increases, the air density decreases. This decrease in air density leads to a decrease in the number of air molecules per unit volume, which in turn causes a relative increase in the number of charges within the same space and an increase in the electric field strength. For example, in high mountains, airflow is complex and unstable, which can easily cause the separation and aggregation of charges, generating a strong electric field. Therefore, the present application also includes an altitude pressure detection module, which can be an air pressure sensor. The altitude pressure detection module is electrically connected to the control module, and the control module is configured as follows:

[0058] Get the altitude and pressure feedback from the altitude and pressure detection module;

[0059] Based on the altitude and air pressure, the preset database is searched to determine the amount of interference with the magnetic field strength;

[0060] It is understandable that a data table is established in advance through experiments or theoretical models and pre-stored in the database. The data table can correspond different air pressure values ​​to corresponding magnetic field interference amounts, so that the interference amounts corresponding to different air pressure values ​​can be determined by looking up the table.

[0061] Calculate the compensation amount based on the interference amount and the magnetic field strength detected in real time;

[0062] It can be understood that the compensation amount is calculated based on the interference amount and the magnetic field strength detected by the magnetic flux sensor, as well as the expected magnetic field strength. For example, if the expected magnetic field strength is a, the interference amount is b, and the actual measured magnetic field strength is c, then the compensation amount is b+(ac).

[0063] The current amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic coil are adjusted according to the compensation amount.

[0064] It can be understood that the compensated magnetic field is converted into a current value according to the sensitivity coefficient of the electromagnetic coil, and the current amplitude and phase are controlled by the electromagnetic coil driving circuit (PWM signal).

[0065] Through the above settings, the influence of different air pressures on the magnetic field strength is dynamically compensated, thereby improving the stability of the entire system.

[0066] Reference Figure 4 In another embodiment of the present application, in order to optimize and adjust the magnetic circuit distribution of the inner rotor core 2, the following is set:

[0067] A through slot 6 is provided at the protruding end of the inner rotor core 2. A fixed plate 61 is fixedly connected to the through slot 6. An adjustment plate 62 is movably connected to the through slot 6. In this embodiment, the adjustment plate 62 and the fixed plate 61 can be made of magnetic conductive material. A plurality of separated and sealed air cavities 8 are provided inside the main shaft 3. The number of air cavities 8 is determined by the number of salient poles provided in the salient pole core. In this embodiment, four salient poles are provided as an example, and four air cavities 8 are provided accordingly. A plurality of positioning protrusions 63 are provided on the inner walls on both sides of the through slot 6. The positioning protrusions 63 on both sides are aligned one by one. The adjustment plate 62 is located between two adjacent positioning protrusions 63, thereby positioning the adjustment plate 62 in the through slot 6. The main shaft 3 is provided with an adjustment component 7 that can adjust the distance between the fixed plate 61 and the adjustment plate 62. It should be noted that the distance between the positioning protrusions 63 on both sides of the through slot 6 is slightly smaller than the width of the adjustment plate 62, because the adjustment component 7 needs to move the adjustment plate 62 so that the side of the adjustment plate 62 is slightly deformed and can move over the positioning protrusion 63 to the next positioning point. Therefore, the protrusion height of the positioning protrusion 63 should not be too high, and it is sufficient to position the adjustment plate 62 without applying external force.

[0068] The adjustment assembly 7 includes a moving rod 71 and a pressure block 72. One end of the moving rod 71 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the adjustment plate 62. The pressure block 72 is located in the air cavity 8 of the main shaft 3. The end of the moving rod 71 facing away from the adjustment plate 62 extends into the air cavity 8 and is fixedly connected to the pressure block 72. By connecting an additional air pressure pump to the end of the main shaft 3, gas is injected into the air cavity 8. By applying pressure to the pressure block 72, the pressure block 72 drives the moving rod 71 to move, and then the moving rod 71 pushes the adjustment plate 62 to move, so that the position of the adjustment plate 62 changes, thereby adjusting the distance between the adjustment plate 62 and the fixed plate 61, and then changing the cross-sectional area or path length of the magnetic circuit of the inner rotor core 22, thereby adjusting the magnetic resistance, thereby coping with scenarios with different load changes. By adjusting the spacing, the magnetic circuit characteristics can be adapted in real time, the inductance parameters can be changed, the magnetic field distribution can be optimized, and the loss can be reduced.

[0069] The embodiment of the present application also discloses a control method for a vector reluctance gear.

[0070] A method for controlling a vector reluctance gear uses any of the above-mentioned vector reluctance gears to dynamically adjust and control the direction and intensity of its magnetic field.

[0071] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A vector reluctance gear, characterized in that: include: An outer rotor assembly comprising a plurality of electromagnetic coils (11) arranged in a circumferential array for generating a varying magnetic field; An inner rotor assembly includes an inner rotor core (2), whose magnetic resistance varies with the direction of the magnetic field and interacts with the magnetic field of the outer rotor assembly to generate torque; A magnetic field regulating module, which is arranged between the electromagnetic coil (11) and the inner rotor core (2) and is used to regulate the magnetic field; A main shaft (3), which cooperates with the inner rotor assembly and serves as the input or output shaft of the entire system; A detection module, which is electrically connected to the outer rotor assembly and the inner rotor assembly, is used to provide real-time feedback on the position and magnetic field strength of the outer rotor and the inner rotor, and output a detection signal; The control module is electrically connected to the outer rotor assembly, the inner rotor assembly, the magnetic field regulation module, the detection module and the preset power input unit. It is used to adjust the current amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic coil according to the signal feedback from the power input unit and the detection signal feedback from the detection module, and dynamically change the magnetic field direction and magnetic resistance distribution.

2. The vector reluctance gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module is configured as follows: Obtaining a torque demand signal and a load signal fed back by a pre-connected load; Calculate the target transmission ratio based on the torque demand signal and the load signal; Acquire a detection signal fed back by the detection module and an input signal fed back by the power input unit; Based on the preset vector algorithm, the current amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic coil are adjusted according to the detection signal, input signal and target transmission ratio, and the magnetic field direction and magnetic resistance distribution are dynamically adjusted to output the required torque.

3. The vector reluctance gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module is configured as follows: it also includes a housing, the main shaft (3) is connected to a bearing 1 (31), the bearing 1 (31) is connected to the housing (5), the housing (5) is used to fix the outer rotor assembly, the bearing 1 (31) is used to support the main shaft (3) and the outer rotor assembly, the main shaft (3) is connected to a bearing 2 (32), and the bearing 2 (32) is used to support the main shaft (3) and the magnetic field regulation module.

4. The vector reluctance gear according to claim 3, characterized in that: The magnetic field regulation module comprises a magnetic adjustment ring (4), a magnetic adjustment ring coil (41) and a support frame (42); the magnetic adjustment ring (4) is coaxially arranged between the inner rotor core (2) and the electromagnetic coil (11); a plurality of magnetic adjustment ring coils (41) are provided, and the plurality of magnetic adjustment ring coils (41) are evenly arranged along the circumference of the magnetic adjustment ring (4) and are built into the magnetic adjustment ring (4); and the support frame (42) is connected to the magnetic adjustment ring (4) and the second bearing (32).

5. The vector reluctance gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection module includes a position sensor and a magnetic flux sensor, which are electrically connected to the control module respectively. The position sensor is used to detect the position information of the rotor, and the magnetic flux sensor is used to detect the magnetic field strength of the rotor.

6. The vector reluctance gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further includes an altitude and air pressure detection module, the altitude and air pressure detection module being electrically connected to the control module, and the control module being configured as follows: Get the altitude and pressure feedback from the altitude and pressure detection module; Based on the altitude and air pressure, the preset database is searched to determine the amount of interference with the magnetic field strength; Calculate the compensation amount based on the interference amount and the magnetic field strength detected in real time; The current amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic coil are adjusted according to the compensation amount.

7. The vector reluctance gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through slot (6) is provided at a protruding end of the inner rotor core (2), a fixed plate (61) is fixedly connected in the through slot (6), an adjustment plate (62) is movably connected in the through slot (6), and the main shaft (3) is provided with an adjustment component (7) for adjusting the distance between the adjustment plate (62) and the fixed plate (61).

8. The vector reluctance gear according to claim 7, characterized in that: A sealed air cavity (8) is provided inside the main shaft (3), a plurality of positioning protrusions (63) are provided on the inner wall of the through groove (6), the adjustment plate (62) is located between two adjacent positioning protrusions (63), the adjustment assembly (7) comprises a moving rod (71) and a pressure block (72), one end of the moving rod (71) is fixedly connected to the adjustment plate (62), the pressure block (72) is located in the air cavity (8) of the main shaft (3), and the end of the moving rod (71) facing away from the adjustment plate (62) extends into the air cavity (8) and is fixedly connected to the pressure block (72).

9. A method for controlling a vector reluctance gear, characterized in that: The vector reluctance gear as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is used to dynamically adjust and control the direction and intensity of its magnetic field.

Images