Granular 10% mutton sheep fattening premix and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a granular 10% mutton sheep fattening premix and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of feed processing. The premix consists of 5kg of compound vitamins, 20kg of compound trace elements, 25kg of molasses, 250kg of stone powder, 600kg of corn, 90kg of saccharomyces cerevisiae culture, 90kg of salt and 10kg of soybean oil. The preparation method comprises the steps of raw material pretreatment and burdening, mixing and pre-dilution, tempering and granulation, and cooling and post-treatment. Wherein the vitamins comprise A, D and E; the macrominerals contain calcium, phosphorus, sodium and potassium; the trace mineral elements comprise basic copper chloride, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, zinc glycinate, manganese sulfate, sodium selenite, calcium iodate and cobalt chloride; the Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture is prepared by concentrating and drying special Saccharomyces cerevisiae after liquid aerobic fermentation and solid anaerobic fermentation, and has the effects of regulating the balance of rumen microorganisms, enhancing the metabolism of the rumen microorganisms and improving the production performance, and the culture benefit is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of feed preparation, and in particular relates to a granular 10% mutton fattening premix and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the large-scale fattening industry of mutton sheep, premixes are the core carrier of nutrition supply, and their quality directly determines fattening efficiency and breeding income. The fattening premixes for mutton sheep currently on the market generally have the following prominent problems:

[0003] Design formula and animation . Inconsistent feeding formula: Traditional premixes are mostly in powder form. Since sheep prefer to eat granular substances, powdered premixes will lead to insufficient feeding during the feeding process. This not only leads to the design formula not being consistent with the nutritional requirements of feeding, resulting in insufficient nutritional needs and affecting production performance, but also causes varying degrees of waste.

[0004] Nutritional supply mismatches with fattening needs: Traditional premixes often use common vitamins and inorganic trace elements, which are easily inactivated by high temperatures and humidity during storage and processing, resulting in insufficient effective nutritional content. Furthermore, their nutritional profiles fail to precisely meet the physiological needs of rapid weight gain during fattening. In particular, the synergistic effects of energy, amino acids, and minerals are unbalanced, making it difficult for sheep to achieve an average daily weight gain exceeding 350 grams, far below the target for efficient farming.

[0005] Insufficient core feed intake and waste coexist: Existing premixes are mostly powdered, with poor palatability and high dust production. This reduces sheep's appetite for feeding, leading to insufficient intake of core nutrients. Some farms blindly increase feed amounts to boost feed intake. However, because powdered feed is easily graded and mixed unevenly, this results in localized nutrient overload and waste, resulting in high feed-to-weight ratios and escalating breeding costs.

[0006] The incidence of urinary stones remains high: During the fattening period of mutton sheep, urinary stones are a common disease due to the high intake of high-protein feed and relatively insufficient water intake. Traditional premixes are not formulated to address the causes of stones and lack effective prevention mechanisms. The incidence of urinary stones on some farms even exceeds 5%, increasing medical costs and causing serious economic losses due to the increased culling rate of mutton sheep.

[0007] Processing technology restricts nutrient retention: Conventional premix processing mostly uses simple mixing technology, which cannot achieve the stabilization of nutrients.

[0008] Furthermore, existing premixes lack optimal carrier selection, often consisting primarily of bran and second-grade flour, resulting in low bulk density and limited nutritional contribution. These factors make it difficult to deliver high-concentration nutrients and fail to meet the core feed requirements of fattening mutton sheep. These challenges hinder efficiency improvements in the fattening industry, necessitating the development of a new premix product that balances precise nutrient delivery, feeding convenience, stone prevention, and processing stability.

[0009] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0011] A granular 10% mutton fattening premix consists of the following raw materials by weight: 5kg of complex vitamins, 20kg of complex trace elements, 25kg of molasses, 250kg of stone powder, 600kg of corn, 90kg of brewer's yeast culture, 90kg of salt, and 10kg of soybean oil.

[0012] A method for preparing a granular 10% mutton fattening premix comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step S1: Raw material pretreatment and batching: Screen the main raw materials and remove impurities and deteriorated raw materials. The main raw materials include vitamins, minerals, amino acids, brewer's yeast culture and carriers; pre-dilute the trace elements; accurately weigh each ingredient according to the formula using an electronic scale with an error of ≤0.5%. Vitamins and minerals are stored separately;

[0014] Step S2: Mixing and pre-dilution: Pre-mix a small amount of carrier and trace ingredients in a small mixer, then pour into the main mixer and gradually mix with other raw materials. The total mixing time is 10-15 minutes, ensuring that the coefficient of variation of uniformity is less than 5%; wrap the vitamin raw materials and dry the mineral raw materials;

[0015] Step S3: Tempering and granulation: Steam is introduced into the mixed powder at a temperature of 80-90°C and a pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa to adjust the moisture content to 14%-16%. A ring die granulator is used with a die hole diameter of 3-5 mm and a granulation temperature of 75-85°C.

[0016] Step S4: Cooling and post-processing: Cool the particles to room temperature + 5°C or below, reduce the moisture to below 12%, and sieve out broken particles with a sieve aperture of 2.5-4 mm; spray 1% grease after cooling.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vitamins include A, D, and E; the minerals include calcium, phosphorus, copper, iron, zinc, manganese, iodine, selenium, and cobalt; the amino acids include lysine and methionine; and the carriers include corn and brewer's yeast culture.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the trace elements include basic copper chloride, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, zinc glycinate, manganese sulfate, sodium selenite, calcium iodate, cobalt chloride,

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the mixing and pre-dilution steps, the small mixer is used to premix a small amount of carrier and trace ingredients, and the main mixer is used to mix the premixed material with other raw materials.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the conditioning and granulation steps, the moisture content and temperature of the powder are adjusted by introducing steam.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the cooling and post-processing steps, the particles are cooled by a countercurrent cooler and broken particles are screened out by a vibrating screen.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The 10% granular fattening premix feed for mutton sheep produced by the present invention is composed of coated vitamins, organic trace elements, brewer's yeast culture, corn and other elements. After the hot granulation technology is used, it can meet the rapidly growing nutritional needs of mutton sheep during the fattening period, solve the problem of insufficient core material intake by mutton sheep, control the incidence rate of urinary stones in mutton sheep to less than one thousandth, and achieve a daily weight gain of mutton sheep of more than 375 grams / day, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of mutton sheep breeding.

[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In the attached figure:

[0026] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a preparation method of a granular 10% mutton fattening premix. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments are described clearly and completely. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention.

[0028] Example:

[0029] A granular 10% mutton fattening premix consists of the following raw materials by weight: 5kg of complex vitamins, 20kg of complex trace elements, 25kg of molasses, 250kg of stone powder, 600kg of corn, 90kg of brewer's yeast culture, 90kg of salt, and 10kg of soybean oil.

[0030] The present invention also discloses a method for preparing a granular 10% mutton fattening premix, comprising the following steps:

[0031] Step S1: Raw material pretreatment and batching: Screen the main raw materials and remove impurities and deteriorated raw materials. The main raw materials include vitamins, minerals, amino acids, probiotics, and carriers; pre-dilute the trace elements; accurately weigh each ingredient according to the formula using an electronic scale with an error of ≤0.5%. Store vitamins and minerals separately.

[0032] Step S2: Mixing and pre-dilution: Pre-mix a small amount of carrier and trace ingredients in a small mixer, then pour into the main mixer and gradually mix with other raw materials. The total mixing time is 10-15 minutes, ensuring that the coefficient of variation of uniformity is less than 5%; wrap the vitamin raw materials and dry the mineral raw materials;

[0033] Step S3: Tempering and granulation: Steam is introduced into the mixed powder at a temperature of 80-90°C and a pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa to adjust the moisture content to 14%-16%. A ring die granulator is used with a die hole diameter of 3-5 mm and a granulation temperature of 75-85°C.

[0034] Step S4: Cooling and post-processing: Cool the particles to room temperature + 5°C or below, reduce the moisture to below 12%, and sieve out broken particles with a sieve aperture of 2.5-4 mm; spray 1% grease after cooling.

[0035] Furthermore, the vitamins include A, D, and E; the minerals include calcium, phosphorus, copper, iron, zinc, manganese, iodine, selenium, and cobalt; the amino acids include lysine and methionine; the carriers include corn flour and brewer's yeast culture; the trace elements include basic copper chloride, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, zinc glycinate, manganese sulfate, sodium selenite, calcium iodate, and cobalt chloride; in the mixing and pre-dilution steps, a small mixer is used to premix a small amount of carriers and trace ingredients, and a main mixer is used to mix the premixed materials with other raw materials; in the conditioning and granulation steps, the moisture and temperature of the powder are adjusted by introducing steam; in the cooling and post-processing steps, the particles are cooled by a countercurrent cooler, and broken particles are screened out by a vibrating screen.

[0036] Experimental example:

[0037] 1,000 male lambs weighing approximately 15 kg were randomly divided into two groups. The control group was fed a 4% standard premix + 2% baking soda + 16% soybean meal + 78% corn, while the experimental group was fed a 10% pelleted premix + 2% baking soda + 10% soybean meal + 78% corn. Both groups had free access to hay. The experimental period was 120 days (June to October). Feeding and management were carried out according to the normal management of the experimental field. The experimental results are as follows:

[0038] Table 1 Effects of 10% granular compound premix feed on the production performance of mutton sheep

[0039] experimental group control group Initial weight kg 15.01 15.48 Slaughter weight kg 60.12 56.12 Weight gain kg 45.11 41.24 Daily weight gain g / d 376 344 Average feed intake g / d 1670 1611 Material-to-weight ratio 4.44 4.69 Number of stones 0 5

[0040] As shown in Table 1, the average daily weight gain of the experimental group increased by 9.38% compared with the control group, the average feed intake increased by 3.66%, the feed-to-weight ratio decreased by 5.24%, and the number of sheep with stones in the experimental group was 0, while that in the control group was 5.

[0041] Table 2 Effects of 10% granular compound premix feed on the apparent digestibility of nutrients in mutton sheep feed

[0042] experimental group control group Organic matter digestibility 64.45 61.89 Crude protein digestibility 71.24 68.45 Neutral detergent fiber digestibility 50.48 41.26

[0043] As shown in Table 2, compared with the control group, the digestibility of organic matter in the experimental group increased by 4.14%, the digestibility of crude protein increased by 4.08%, and the digestibility of neutral detergent fiber increased by 22.35%.

[0044] Mechanism of action:

[0045] According to the nutritional needs of meat sheep, a scientific premix formula is provided, and the product is formed into granules through hot granulation technology. At the same time, brewer's yeast culture is added to regulate the rumen, ensuring the intake and absorption efficiency of nutrients for meat sheep, thereby inhibiting the occurrence of urinary stones and increasing growth rate.

Claims

1. A granular 10% premix for fattening mutton, characterized in that: It is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 5kg of multivitamins, 20kg of multitraceuticals, 25kg of molasses, 250kg of stone powder, 600kg of corn, 90kg of brewer's yeast culture, 90kg of salt, and 10kg of soybean oil.

2. The method for preparing a granular 10% mutton fattening premix according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: Raw material pretreatment and batching: Screen the main raw materials and remove impurities and deteriorated raw materials. The main raw materials include vitamins, minerals, amino acids, brewer's yeast culture and carriers; pre-dilute the trace elements; accurately weigh each ingredient according to the formula using an electronic scale with an error of ≤0.5%. Vitamins and minerals are stored separately; Step S2: Mixing and pre-dilution: Pre-mix a small amount of carrier and trace ingredients in a small mixer, then pour into the main mixer and gradually mix with other raw materials. The total mixing time is 10-15 minutes, ensuring that the coefficient of variation of uniformity is less than 5%; wrap the vitamin raw materials and dry the mineral raw materials; Step S3: Tempering and granulation: Steam is introduced into the mixed powder at a temperature of 80-90°C and a pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa to adjust the moisture content to 14%-16%. A ring die granulator is used with a die hole diameter of 3-5 mm and a granulation temperature of 75-85°C. Step S4: Cooling and post-processing: Cool the particles to room temperature + 5°C or below, reduce the moisture to below 12%, and sieve out the broken particles. The sieve has an aperture of 2.5-4 mm. After cooling, spray 1% grease.

3. The method for preparing a granular 10% mutton fattening premix according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vitamins include A, D, and E; the amino acids include lysine and methionine; and the carriers include corn and brewer's yeast culture.

4. The method for preparing a granular 10% mutton fattening premix according to claim 2, characterized in that: Trace mineral elements include basic copper chloride, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, zinc glycinate, manganese sulfate, sodium selenite, calcium iodate, and cobalt chloride.

5. The method for preparing a granular 10% mutton fattening premix according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the mixing and pre-dilution steps, the small mixer is used to pre-mix a small amount of carrier and trace ingredients, and the main mixer is used to mix the pre-mixed materials with other raw materials.

6. The method for preparing a granular 10% mutton fattening premix according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the conditioning and granulation steps, the moisture content and temperature of the powder are adjusted by introducing steam.

7. The method for preparing a granular 10% mutton fattening premix according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the cooling and post-processing steps, the particles are cooled by a countercurrent cooler and broken particles are removed by a vibrating screen.

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