Microfiltration device for alpha fetoprotein variant detection

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to a microfiltration device for alpha fetoprotein heteroplasmon detection, a limiting baffle ring is arranged at the top of a supporting head in a microfiltration head component, corresponding limiting is provided for placement of a filter membrane, and the filter membrane is in contact with the inner side wall of the limiting baffle ring, so that a gap is prevented from being generated, and the detection accuracy of alpha fetoprotein heteroplasmon detection is improved. The working efficiency of filtering and adsorbing the alpha fetoprotein heterogeneous is improved, and the positive effect is achieved on the accuracy of subsequent detection work; an auxiliary assembly is further arranged in the supporting head part, so that the filter membrane can be better taken out, and the phenomenon that the filter membrane is easily damaged when the filter membrane is clamped by tweezers from the middle part of the filter membrane is avoided; in addition, an auxiliary pressing ring in the arranged volume cup assembly also has an extrusion limiting effect on the filter membrane, namely the problem that the filter membrane shakes when liquid is poured in is avoided, and the working stability of the filter membrane is improved; and the method has positive significance in improving the detection and filtering work efficiency of the alpha fetoprotein variant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of detection technology, in particular to a microfiltration device for detecting alpha-fetoprotein heteroplasms. Background Art

[0002] Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a glycoprotein produced during the embryonic period and present in very low levels in the serum of healthy adults. AFP levels may increase in liver diseases (such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, or liver cancer). AFP isoforms are a subtype of AFP that are primarily used to aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of primary liver cancer. Unlike standard AFP, AFP isoforms are specifically produced by liver cancer cells. An elevated AFP level (usually >10%) indicates a significantly increased risk of liver cancer and helps differentiate between benign and malignant liver diseases.

[0003] For the detection and analysis of the content of alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneity, the existing technology mostly adopts the method of filtration and adsorption to filter and adsorb alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneity on the filter membrane. Generally, a vacuum pump is used in conjunction with a filtration system bracket. The filtration system bracket is provided with multiple sets of filter tips, and filter membranes are placed on the filter tips. After the filtration and adsorption work is completed, the filter membrane is removed with tweezers and placed on the detection base, and then the detection and analysis work is carried out. When filtering and adsorbing alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneity, on the one hand, the filter membrane is directly placed on the filter tip, and then a volumetric cup is set, and the filtered liquid to be detected is introduced into the volumetric cup, and then the vacuum pump is used to absorb and suck out the liquid. The filter membrane is close to alpha-fetoprotein. In order to filter and adsorb the alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneity, on the one hand, the filter membrane is not in close contact with the inner wall of the volumetric cup, that is, when the liquid to be tested is poured in, a part of the alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneity in the liquid may be sucked out and flow away without being filtered and adsorbed, which affects the accuracy of the detection of alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneity; on the other hand, the filter membrane is placed on the filter net in the inner cavity of the volumetric cup, and a connecting nozzle for connecting to the filter nozzle is provided at the bottom end of the volumetric cup. After filtering and adsorption, the staff needs to remove the filter membrane with tweezers that have been heated and disinfected. In this process, the middle position of the filter membrane is generally clamped, which can easily damage the filter membrane and is inconvenient to clamp the filter membrane.

[0004] To this end, the present invention proposes a microfiltration device for detecting alpha-fetoprotein heteroplasms to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a microfiltration device for detecting alpha-fetoprotein heteroplasms to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a microfiltration device for detecting alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneities, comprising a vacuum pump, a pipette disposed on one side of the vacuum pump, and a discharge pipe disposed on the other side of the vacuum pump, wherein the pipette is connected to a filter rack system; The filter frame system includes a support frame body and a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is connected to the support frame body, and a liquid outlet pipe head is provided at one end of the connecting pipe, and the liquid outlet pipe head is connected to the liquid suction pipe, a support pipe body is equidistantly provided above the connecting pipe, and an internal threaded ring groove is provided at the top pipe opening of the support pipe body, the support pipe body is connected to the opening and closing control valve; the top of the support pipe body is connected to the micro-filter head component.

[0007] Preferably, the microfilter head component includes a supporting head, a docking tube body, an externally threaded connecting ring, a limit ring, an annular sealing groove, a supporting ring body, an annular positioning groove, a filter membrane and an auxiliary component; the bottom end of the supporting head is connected to the docking tube body, and an externally threaded connecting ring is provided at the bottom end pipe mouth of the docking tube body, and the externally threaded connecting ring is threadedly connected to the internally threaded ring groove of the top pipe mouth of the supporting tube body, and filter holes are evenly arranged at the top center position of the supporting head.

[0008] Preferably, a limit stop ring is fixedly provided at the top of the support head near the side position, and an annular sealing groove is provided on the top surface of the limit stop ring. A filter membrane is placed in the limit stop ring, and the filter membrane is set to be circular and in contact with the inner wall of the limit stop ring.

[0009] Preferably, a supporting ring body is fixedly provided on the side of the bottom end of the supporting head, and an annular positioning groove is provided on the top end surface of the supporting ring body.

[0010] Preferably, an auxiliary component is provided in the support head, and the auxiliary component includes a cylindrical through-groove, a limit stop groove, a support column, a limit stop plate, an installation screw groove, an annular handrail, a installation hole and an installation screw; the cylindrical through-groove is provided in the support head, and a limit stop groove is provided at the top notch position of the cylindrical through-groove, and the support column is movably inserted in the cylindrical through-groove.

[0011] Preferably, a limit block is fixedly provided on the top of the support column, the limit block and the limit block groove are arranged in corresponding positions, the same number of groups are arranged, and they are adapted to be snapped together; a mounting screw groove is arranged at the center position of the bottom end surface of the support column; the support column is arranged in three groups at equal intervals, the support column and the cylindrical through-groove are arranged in the same number of groups, and the length of the support column is greater than the length of the cylindrical through-groove.

[0012] Preferably, mounting holes are equidistantly arranged in the annular handrail, and the mounting screws pass through the mounting holes and are threadedly connected to the mounting screw grooves at the bottom ends of the support posts.

[0013] Preferably, a volumetric cup assembly is sleeved on the support head, and the volumetric cup assembly includes a volumetric cup body, a cup cover, a rubber positioning insert ring, a positioning socket, a sealing pressure ring, a positioning screw groove, an auxiliary pressure ring, a sealing clip and a positioning screw; the bottom of the volumetric cup body is integrally formed with a cup cover, and a rubber positioning insert ring is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the cup cover, and the rubber positioning insert ring is adapted to be plugged into the annular positioning slot on the support ring body.

[0014] Preferably, positioning holes are equidistantly provided on the side wall of the cup body cover, the outer diameter of the sealing pressure ring is equal to the inner diameter of the cup body cover, and positioning screw grooves are equidistantly provided on the outer wall of the sealing pressure ring, the positioning screw grooves correspond to the positioning holes on the side wall of the cup body cover and are set in the same group number, and the positioning screws pass through the positioning holes and are threadedly connected to the positioning screw grooves on the outer wall of the sealing pressure ring.

[0015] Preferably, an auxiliary pressure ring is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the ring body of the sealing pressure ring, and the auxiliary pressure ring extends downward, and a sealing strip is fixedly provided on the bottom side of the sealing pressure ring, and the sealing strip is arranged in a ring shape, and the sealing strip and the annular sealing slot on the top of the limit ring are arranged in corresponding positions, the same number of groups are arranged, and they are adapted to be connected.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention is designed to provide a microfiltration device for detecting alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneities; it includes a vacuum pump and a pipette arranged on one side of the vacuum pump, and a discharge pipe arranged on the other side of the vacuum pump, the pipette is connected to the filter frame system; the filter frame system includes a support frame body and a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is connected to the support frame body, and a liquid outlet pipe head is provided at one end of the connecting pipe, the liquid outlet pipe head is connected to the pipette, a support pipe body is equidistantly provided above the connecting pipe, and an internal threaded ring groove is provided at the top pipe mouth of the support pipe body, the support pipe body is connected to the opening and closing control valve; the top of the support pipe body is connected to the microfiltration head component; on the one hand, this scheme provides a corresponding limit for the placement of the filter membrane by providing a limit stop ring on the top of the support head in the microfiltration head component, and the filter membrane is in contact with the inner side wall of the limit stop ring. The filter membrane is preferably taken out of the filter and the filter cap is preferably provided with a support, so that the filter membrane can be taken out of the filter and the filter cap is not easily damaged by the tweezers when the tweezers are used to clamp the filter membrane from the middle. The volumetric cup assembly is provided, in which the volumetric cup body and the cup cover are hollow, and the rubber positioning ring at the bottom of the cup cover is connected to the annular positioning groove for quick installation and positioning. The installation is convenient, and the auxiliary pressure ring in the volumetric cup assembly also has an extrusion limiting effect on the filter membrane, that is, it avoids the problem of shaking of the filter membrane when pouring liquid, and improves the stability of the filter membrane. It has positive significance for improving the efficiency of the detection and filtration of alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural connection of a microfiltration device for detecting alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneities according to the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structural connection at center A; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structural connection of the micro-filtration head components of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded top view of the connection structure between the micro-filter head component and the volumetric cup assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structural connection at point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is an exploded bottom view of the connection structure between the micro-filter head component and the volumetric cup assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the structural connection at point C in the middle; Figure 8 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the structural connection at point D in the middle; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structural connection of the volumetric cup assembly of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure connection of the volumetric cup assembly of the present invention; Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structural connection at E in the middle.

[0018] In the figure: vacuum pump 1, suction tube 2, discharge tube 3, support frame 41, connecting pipe 42, liquid outlet pipe head 43, support tube body 44, internal threaded ring groove 45, opening and closing control valve 46, support head 501, docking tube body 502, external threaded connecting ring 503, limit stop ring 504, annular sealing groove 505, support ring body 506, annular positioning groove 507, filter membrane 508, cylindrical through groove 601, limit stop groove 602, support column 603, limit stop plate 604, mounting screw groove 605, annular handrail 606, mounting hole 607, mounting screw 608, volumetric cup body 701, cup cover body 702, rubber positioning insert ring 703, positioning hole 704, blocking pressure ring 705, positioning screw groove 706, auxiliary pressure ring 707, sealing card strip 708, positioning screw 709. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. The embodiments of the present invention and all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-11 A microfiltration device for detecting alpha-fetoprotein heteroplasms includes a vacuum pump 1 and a pipette 2 arranged on one side of the vacuum pump 1, and a discharge pipe 3 arranged on the other side of the vacuum pump 1. The pipette 2 is connected to the filter frame system; the filter frame system includes a support frame body 41 and a connecting pipe 42, the connecting pipe 42 is connected to the support frame body 41, and a liquid outlet pipe head 43 is provided at one end of the connecting pipe 42, the liquid outlet pipe head 43 is connected to the pipette 2, a support pipe body 44 is equidistantly provided above the connecting pipe 42, and an internal threaded ring groove 45 is provided at the top pipe mouth of the support pipe body 44, the support pipe body 44 is connected to an opening and closing control valve 46; the top of the support pipe body 44 is connected to the microfiltration head component.

[0021] When performing the inspection, connect one end of the pipette 2 to one side of the vacuum pump 1, and connect the discharge pipe 3 to the other side of the vacuum pump 1, and then connect the other end of the pipette 2 to the liquid outlet pipe head 43; then install the support heads 501 one by one, that is, thread the external threaded connecting ring 503 at the bottom of the connecting pipe body 502 with the internal threaded ring groove 45 at the top pipe mouth of the support tube body 44, and the installation of the support head 501 is completed. Then, install the support tube body 44 at other positions in the same way; use sterilized tweezers to clamp the filter membrane 508, place it on the top of the support head 501, and place it on the limit ring 504. 506 , and use tweezers to smooth the filter membrane 508 so that the side wall of the filter membrane 508 contacts the inner wall of the limit ring 504, and then install the volumetric cup assembly, that is, put the cup cover 702 on the support head 501, and make the rubber positioning insert 703 at the bottom end of the cup cover 702 be inserted into the annular positioning groove 507 on the support ring body 506, and the installation and positioning of the volumetric cup body 701 can be completed; then pour the liquid to be tested into the volumetric cup body 701, and then start the vacuum pump 1, and use the pipette 2 and the connecting pipe 42 to suck out the liquid in the volumetric cup body 701 and discharge it through the discharge pipe 3, so as to detect the ‌ fetal egg protein in the liquid to be tested. The white foreign matter will be filtered and adsorbed in the filter membrane 508 until the liquid is drained. Then the volumetric cup assembly is disassembled, that is, the volumetric cup body 701 is pulled upward until the rubber positioning insert ring 703 at the bottom end of the cup cover 702 is separated from the annular positioning groove 507, and the volumetric cup body 701 is removed; the micro-filter head component includes a supporting head 501, a docking pipe body 502, an externally threaded connecting ring 503, a limiting retaining ring 504, an annular sealing groove 505, a supporting ring body 506, an annular positioning groove 507, a filter membrane 508 and an auxiliary component; the bottom end of the supporting head 501 is connected to the docking pipe body 502, and an externally threaded connecting pipe is provided at the bottom end of the docking pipe body 502. The connecting ring 503 is threadedly connected to the internal threaded ring groove 45 of the top pipe mouth of the support tube body 44, and filter holes are evenly arranged at the top center position of the support head 501; a limit stop ring 504 is fixedly arranged at the top of the support head 501 near the side position, and an annular sealing groove 505 is arranged on the top surface of the limit stop ring 504, and a filter membrane 508 is placed in the limit stop ring 504, the filter membrane 508 is set to be circular, and the filter membrane 508 is in contact with the inner wall of the limit stop ring 504; a support ring body 506 is fixedly arranged at the side position of the bottom end of the support head 501, and an annular positioning groove 507 is arranged on the top surface of the support ring body 506.

[0022] In this solution, an auxiliary component is provided in the support head 501, and the auxiliary component includes a cylindrical through-groove 601, a limit stop groove 602, a support column 603, a limit stop piece 604, a mounting screw groove 605, an annular handrail 606, a mounting hole 607 and a mounting screw 608; the cylindrical through-groove 601 is provided in the support head 501, and a limit stop groove 602 is provided at the top notch position of the cylindrical through-groove 601, and the support column 603 is movably inserted in the cylindrical through-groove 601; a limit stop piece 604 is fixedly provided at the top end of the support column 603, and the limit stop piece 604 and the limit stop groove 602 are provided at corresponding positions, have the same number of groups, and are adapted to be snapped in place; a stop piece 604 is provided at the center position of the bottom end face of the support column 603 There are mounting screw grooves 605; there are three groups of support posts 603 arranged at equal intervals, and the number of groups of support posts 603 and the cylindrical through-slot 601 are the same, and the length of the support posts 603 is greater than the length of the cylindrical through-slot 601; mounting holes 607 are arranged at equal intervals in the annular handrail 606, and mounting screws 608 pass through the mounting holes 607 and are threadedly connected to the mounting screw grooves 605 at the bottom ends of the support posts 603; the purpose of setting up the auxiliary components is to better remove the filter membrane 508, because the filter membrane 508 is placed in the limit stop ring 504 on the top of the support head 501, and the filter membrane 508 contacts the side wall of the limit stop ring 504, so as to avoid damage to the filter membrane 508 when the tweezers are clamped from the middle of the filter membrane 508.

[0023] That is, in order to further improve the convenience of the tweezers in clamping the filter membrane 508, when the filter membrane 508 needs to be clamped, the staff first lifts the annular armrest 606 with one hand, that is, the annular armrest 606 drives the supporting pin 603 to move upward, and then drives the limit block 604 to push the filter membrane 508, and moves the position of the filter membrane 508 upward until the filter membrane 508 is higher than the limit block ring 504. At this time, use tweezers to reach in from the side of the filter membrane 508 and clamp it, and then put it on the slide. The clamping work of the filter membrane 508 is completed, and then the annular armrest 606 is pulled down until the supporting pin 603 is pushed up. The limit block piece 604 at the end is stuck in the limit block groove 602; the auxiliary components can be disassembled for use, that is, the support column 603 is inserted into the cylindrical through groove 601 in the support head 501, and the mounting screw groove 605 at the bottom end of the support column 603 is aligned with the mounting hole 607 on the annular armrest 606, and then the mounting screw 608 is used to pass through the mounting hole 607 and threadedly connected to the mounting screw groove 605 at the bottom end of the support column 603, and then the other support columns 603 are fixedly connected to the annular armrest 606 according to the same operation. It is easy to disassemble and assemble, and is convenient for later replacement and maintenance.

[0024] On the one hand, this solution provides a corresponding limit for the placement of the filter membrane 508 by setting a limit ring 504 on the top of the support head 501 in the microfiltration head component, and the filter membrane 508 contacts the inner side wall of the limit ring 504 to avoid the generation of gaps, which has a positive effect on improving the efficiency of heterogeneous filtration and adsorption of alpha-fetoprotein, and thus on the accuracy of subsequent detection work; on the other hand, an auxiliary component is also provided in the support head 501, the purpose of which is to better remove the filter membrane 508 and avoid tweezers from being used to remove the filter membrane 508 When clamping, it is easy to damage the filter membrane 508 if the tweezers are clamped from the middle of the filter membrane 508; in addition, the volumetric cup assembly is provided, in which the volumetric cup body 701 and the cup cover 702 are both hollow, and the rubber positioning ring 703 at the bottom end of the cup cover 702 is plugged into the annular positioning groove 507 for quick installation and positioning, which is convenient to install, and the auxiliary pressure ring 707 in the volumetric cup assembly also has an extrusion limiting effect on the filter membrane 508, which avoids the problem of shaking of the filter membrane 508 when pouring liquid, thereby improving the working stability of the filter membrane 508.

[0025] The support head 501 is provided with a volume cup assembly, which includes a volume cup body 701, a cup cover 702, a rubber positioning insert ring 703, a positioning socket 704, a blocking pressure ring 705, a positioning screw groove 706, an auxiliary pressure ring 707, a sealing card strip 708 and a positioning screw 709; the bottom of the volume cup body 701 is integrally formed with the cup cover 702, and a rubber positioning insert ring 703 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the cup cover 702, and the rubber positioning insert ring 703 is adapted to be plugged into the annular positioning groove 507 on the support ring body 506; positioning sockets 704 are equidistantly provided on the side wall of the cup cover 702, and the outer diameter of the ring of the blocking pressure ring 705 is equal to the inner diameter of the cup cover 702. The outer wall of the sealing pressure ring 705 is equidistantly provided with positioning screw grooves 706, and the positioning screw grooves 706 correspond to the positioning sockets 704 on the side wall of the cup cover 702 and are set in the same group. The positioning screws 709 pass through the positioning sockets 704 and are threadedly connected with the positioning screw grooves 706 on the outer wall of the sealing pressure ring 705; an auxiliary pressure ring 707 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the ring body of the sealing pressure ring 705, and the auxiliary pressure ring 707 extends downward, and a sealing clip 708 is fixedly provided on the bottom side of the sealing pressure ring 705, and the sealing clip 708 is set in an annular shape, and the sealing clip 708 and the annular sealing clip groove 505 on the top of the limit ring 504 are set in corresponding positions, are set in the same group, and are adapted to be clamped.

[0026] When using the volumetric cup assembly, the rubber positioning insert ring 703 at the bottom end of the cup body cover 702 is inserted into the annular positioning groove 507 of the support ring body 506. At the same time, the blocking pressure ring 705 arranged on the inner wall of the cup body cover 702 is tightly attached to the limit stop ring 504, and the sealing card strip 708 arranged on the bottom side of the blocking pressure ring 705 is engaged with the annular sealing groove 505 at the top of the limit stop ring 504 to ensure the connection sealing. Furthermore, the outer wall of the auxiliary pressure ring 707 is in contact with the inner wall of the limit stop ring 504, and the bottom end of the auxiliary pressure ring 707 is in contact with the filter membrane 508 and has a corresponding extrusion positioning effect; the auxiliary pressure ring 707 here is in contact with the inner wall of the limit stop ring 504. 07 also plays a limiting role for the filter membrane 508. The auxiliary pressure ring 707 and the limiting baffle ring 504 are used in combination to further improve the position stability of the filter membrane 508, that is, to avoid the problem that when the liquid to be detected is poured into the volumetric cup body 701, the liquid flow impacts the filter membrane 508 and causes the filter membrane 508 to float, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that the liquid to be detected flows out without being filtered and adsorbed; among them, the installation and use of the blocking pressure ring 705 is detachable, and the fixed installation work is achieved by using the provided positioning screw 709 in combination with the positioning screw groove 706 on the outside of the blocking pressure ring 705, which is convenient for later replacement, cleaning and other maintenance work.

[0027] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A microfiltration device for detecting alpha-fetoprotein heteroplasms, comprising a vacuum pump (1), a pipette (2) arranged on one side of the vacuum pump (1), and a discharge pipe (3) arranged on the other side of the vacuum pump (1), wherein the pipette (2) is connected to a filter rack system; Its characteristics are: The filter frame system comprises a support frame body (41) and a connecting pipe (42), wherein the connecting pipe (42) is connected to the support frame body (41), and a liquid outlet pipe head (43) is provided at one end of the connecting pipe (42), and the liquid outlet pipe head (43) is connected to the liquid pipe (2), a support pipe body (44) is equidistantly provided above the connecting pipe (42), and an internal threaded ring groove (45) is provided at the top pipe opening of the support pipe body (44), and the support pipe body (44) is connected to an opening and closing control valve (46); and the top of the support pipe body (44) is connected to a micro-filter head component.

2. The microfiltration device for detecting alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microfiltration head component comprises a supporting head (501), a butt joint body (502), an externally threaded connecting ring (503), a limiting retaining ring (504), an annular sealing groove (505), a supporting ring body (506), an annular positioning groove (507), a filter membrane (508) and an auxiliary component; the bottom end of the supporting head (501) is connected to the butt joint body (502), an externally threaded connecting ring (503) is provided at the bottom end pipe mouth of the butt joint body (502), and the externally threaded connecting ring (503) is threadedly connected to the internally threaded ring groove (45) at the top pipe mouth of the supporting tube body (44), and filtering holes are evenly arranged at the top center position of the supporting head (501).

3. The microfiltration device for detecting alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneities according to claim 2, wherein: A limit retaining ring (504) is fixedly provided at the top end of the support head (501) near the side, and an annular sealing groove (505) is provided on the top end surface of the limit retaining ring (504). A filter membrane (508) is placed in the limit retaining ring (504), and the filter membrane (508) is arranged in a circular shape, and the filter membrane (508) contacts the inner side wall of the limit retaining ring (504).

4. The microfiltration device for detecting alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneities according to claim 2, wherein: A supporting ring body (506) is fixedly provided at the side position of the bottom end of the supporting head (501), and an annular positioning groove (507) is provided on the top end surface of the supporting ring body (506).

5. The microfiltration device for detecting alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneities according to claim 2, wherein: An auxiliary component is provided in the support head (501), and the auxiliary component includes a cylindrical through-groove (601), a limit stop groove (602), a support plug column (603), a limit stop plate (604), a mounting screw groove (605), an annular handrail (606), a mounting hole (607) and a mounting screw (608); the cylindrical through-groove (601) is provided in the support head (501), and a limit stop groove (602) is provided at the top notch position of the cylindrical through-groove (601), and the support plug column (603) is movably plugged into the cylindrical through-groove (601).

6. The microfiltration device for detecting alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneities according to claim 6, characterized in that: A limit block (604) is fixedly provided on the top of the support column (603), and the limit block (604) and the limit block groove (602) are arranged at corresponding positions, have the same number of groups, and are adapted to be snapped together; a mounting screw groove (605) is provided at the center position of the bottom end surface of the support column (603); the support column (603) is equidistantly provided with three groups, and the support column (603) and the columnar through-groove (601) are arranged with the same number of groups, and the length of the support column (603) is greater than the length of the columnar through-groove (601).

7. The microfiltration device for detecting alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneities according to claim 6, characterized in that: The annular handrail (606) is provided with mounting holes (607) at equal intervals, and the mounting screws (608) pass through the mounting holes (607) and are threadedly connected to the mounting screw grooves (605) at the bottom ends of the support posts (603).

8. The microfiltration device for detecting alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneities according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support head (501) is provided with a volume cup assembly, which comprises a volume cup body (701), a cup cover (702), a rubber positioning insert ring (703), a positioning socket (704), a sealing pressure ring (705), a positioning screw groove (706), an auxiliary pressure ring (707), a sealing clip (708) and a positioning screw (709); the bottom of the volume cup body (701) is provided with an integrally formed cup cover (702), and a rubber positioning insert ring (703) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the cup cover (702), and the rubber positioning insert ring (703) is adapted to be plugged into the annular positioning slot (507) on the support ring body (506).

9. The microfiltration device for detecting alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneities according to claim 8, characterized in that: Positioning holes (704) are equidistantly provided on the side wall of the cup body (702), the outer diameter of the ring of the blocking pressure ring (705) is equal to the inner diameter of the cup body (702), and positioning screw grooves (706) are equidistantly provided on the outer wall of the blocking pressure ring (705), the positioning screw grooves (706) and the positioning holes (704) on the side wall of the cup body (702) are arranged at corresponding positions and have the same number of groups, and the positioning screws (709) pass through the positioning holes (704) and are threadedly connected to the positioning screw grooves (706) on the outer wall of the blocking pressure ring (705).

10. The microfiltration device for detecting alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneities according to claim 8, characterized in that: An auxiliary pressure ring (707) is fixedly provided on the inner side wall of the ring body of the blocking pressure ring (705), and the auxiliary pressure ring (707) extends downward, and a sealing clip (708) is fixedly provided on the bottom side of the blocking pressure ring (705), and the sealing clip (708) is arranged in an annular shape, and the sealing clip (708) and the annular sealing slot (505) on the top of the limit ring (504) are arranged in corresponding positions, have the same number of groups, and are adapted to be connected.

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