Bronchial pneumonia sampling device suitable for children

Abstract

The invention discloses a bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children. The bronchopneumonia sampling device comprises a piston cylinder; a hole is formed in the center of the front end of the piston cylinder to be fixedly connected with the fixing block, the push handle is arranged outside the piston cylinder, and the piston head is slidably connected inside the rear end; the blowing cylinder is arranged at the front end of the push handle; a plurality of blowing openings are arranged outside the blowing cylinder in an array manner, and the front end is rotationally connected with the rotating cylinder; the front end of the piston head is provided with a spring which is fixedly connected with the bottom of the piston cylinder; when the piston is pulled, the negative pressure one-way valve is opened, so that negative pressure is formed in the sampling barrel, a sample can be stably and accurately sucked, and the situation that the sample is insufficiently collected due to insufficient negative pressure or the respiratory mucosa of a child is damaged due to excessive negative pressure is avoided; when the piston is pushed, the air blowing one-way valve is opened, and the air blowing port of the air blowing cylinder can blow air flow to dilute microorganisms in the oral cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sampling devices, and in particular relates to a bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children. Background Art

[0002] Bronchopneumonia, also known as lobular pneumonia, is particularly common in infants, the weak, the overworked, and the elderly, and is one of the lung diseases with the highest mortality rate. Bronchopneumonia is common year-round, especially in the cold winter and spring seasons. Patients who develop the disease often lack lasting immunity and are susceptible to reinfection. Bronchopneumonia can be caused by various pathogens and is one of the most common childhood illnesses. Accurate etiological diagnosis is crucial for developing treatment plans. Currently, clinical sampling methods for pediatric bronchopneumonia mainly include sputum collection, throat swab sampling, and bronchoalveolar lavage.

[0003] In the existing technology, the traditional throat swab sampling method is subject to interference from bacteria colonizing the upper respiratory tract, making it difficult to perform targeted treatment of oral microorganisms before sampling; at the same time, the front-end structure of the traditional sampling device is fixed, which makes it difficult to adapt to the complex physiological curvature of the children's respiratory tract, resulting in difficulty for doctors to accurately reach the target sampling site during operation, especially for lesion areas with tricky locations. The sampling efficiency is low and it is easy to cause discomfort to children, and even cause unnecessary harm.

[0004] Therefore, in response to the above-mentioned existing technical problems, this solution proposes a bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention designs a bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children. A hose is connected to the center of the front end of the piston cylinder, and a blower is connected to the outside. Thus, a one-way valve is controlled to enable blowing and negative pressure suction operations to be respectively achieved when the piston is pushed or pulled. At the same time, a rotating drum is movably connected to a damping ball at the front end. By driving the rotating drum to rotate, the sampling head at the front end rotates along the circumference of the damping ball, thereby performing rotary sampling.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical effects, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children, comprising: a piston cylinder;

[0007] The front end center of the piston cylinder is provided with a hole fixedly connected to the fixed block, a push handle is provided on the outside, the rear end is slidably connected to the piston head, and a handle is provided at the bottom; a hair dryer is provided at the front end of the push handle; a plurality of blowing ports are arranged in an array on the outside of the hair dryer, and the front end is rotatably connected to the rotating cylinder; a spring is provided at the front end of the piston head fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston cylinder, and a piston rod is provided at the rear end fixedly connected to the piston handle;

[0008] Furthermore, a guide cylinder is provided at the rear end of the fixed block to be slidably connected to the push cylinder; a spiral groove is provided at the front end of the push cylinder, and a push block is provided at the rear end;

[0009] Furthermore, a push groove is provided on the upper end of the push handle to be slidably connected to the push block;

[0010] Furthermore, a blowing one-way valve is provided at the gap between the guide cylinder and the blowing cylinder at the bottom of the piston cylinder;

[0011] Furthermore, a hose is provided at the front end of the fixing block; a damping ball is provided at the front end of the hose; a sampling tube is provided at the front end of the damping ball; the front end of the sampling tube is detachably connected to a sampling head; a plurality of negative pressure holes are provided in a circumferential array on the outside of the sampling head;

[0012] Furthermore, a negative pressure one-way valve is provided inside the fixed block;

[0013] Furthermore, a ball groove is provided at the front end of the rotating cylinder to rotatably connect the damping ball, and a corresponding spiral protrusion is provided on the inner surface of the rear end to match the spiral groove at the front end of the push cylinder.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] The present invention cooperates with the piston head and the one-way valve. When the piston is pulled, the negative pressure one-way valve opens, so that negative pressure is formed in the sampling tube, which can stably and accurately absorb the sample, avoiding insufficient sample collection due to insufficient negative pressure, or damage to the respiratory mucosa of children due to excessive negative pressure; when the piston is pushed, the blowing one-way valve opens, and the blowing port of the hair dryer can blow out air to dilute the microorganisms in the oral cavity, reduce the interference of upper respiratory tract colonization bacteria on the sample, and improve the accuracy of sample detection. The two functions of blowing and negative pressure suction can be switched by push-pull operation, which is simple and flexible to operate.

[0016] At the same time, the front end sampling tube is connected to the rotating cylinder through the damping ball. The spiral protrusion on the inner surface of the rear end of the rotating cylinder cooperates with the spiral groove at the front end of the push cylinder. When the push handle is pushed to move the push cylinder, the rotating cylinder can be driven to rotate, and then the sampling tube can be driven to rotate in a circle around the damping ball, realizing multi-angle and all-round rotational sampling, thereby adapting to the complex physiological curvature of the children's respiratory tract, allowing doctors to accurately reach the tricky lesion area, greatly improving the sampling efficiency, and reducing unnecessary harm to children. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children;

[0019] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the partial structure of a bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the damping ball structure of a bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the push-tube structure of a bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the piston-cylinder structure of a bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a top cross-sectional view of a bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for use in children;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a frontal cross-sectional view of a bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for use in children;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotating drum of a bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children;

[0026] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are as follows:

[0027] 1-piston cylinder, 2-push handle, 3-blowing cylinder, 4-blowing port, 5-damping ball, 6-sampling cylinder, 7-sampling head, 8-negative pressure hole, 9-fixing block, 10-hose, 11-spiral groove, 12-push cylinder, 13-push block, 14-spring, 15-piston head, 16-piston rod, 17-piston handle, 18-handle, 19-blowing one-way valve, 20-negative pressure one-way valve, 21-push groove, 22-ball groove, 23-rotating cylinder, 24-guide cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention discloses a bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children, comprising: a piston cylinder 1;

[0029] A hole is provided at the center of the front end of the piston cylinder 1 for fixed connection to a fixed block 9, a push handle 2 is provided on the outside, a piston head 15 is slidably connected to the inside of the rear end, and a handle 18 is provided on the lower part; a blower 3 is provided at the front end of the push handle 2; a plurality of blowing ports 4 are arranged in an array on the outside of the blower cylinder 3, and the front end is rotatably connected to a rotating cylinder 23; a spring 14 is provided at the front end of the piston head 15 for fixed connection to the bottom of the piston cylinder 1, and a piston rod 16 is provided at the rear end for fixed connection to the piston handle 17; when the piston is pulled, the negative pressure one-way valve 20 is opened, so that negative pressure is formed in the sampling cylinder 6, which can stably and accurately absorb samples, avoiding insufficient sample collection due to insufficient negative pressure, or excessive negative pressure to damage the respiratory mucosa of children; when the piston is pushed, the blowing one-way valve 19 is opened, and the blowing port 4 of the blower cylinder 3 can blow out airflow to achieve dilution of microorganisms in the oral cavity.

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the front end center of the piston cylinder 1 is provided with a hole fixedly connected to the fixing block 9, a push handle 2 is provided on the outside, the rear end is internally slidably connected to the piston head 15, and a handle 18 is provided at the bottom; the front end of the push handle 2 is provided with a blower 3; the outer surface of the blower 3 is provided with a plurality of blowing ports 4 in an array, and the front end is rotatably connected to the rotating cylinder 23; the front end of the piston head 15 is provided with a spring 14 fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston cylinder 1, and the rear end is provided with a piston rod 16 fixedly connected to the piston handle 17;

[0033] The air outlet 4 can blow out the air evenly to dilute the microorganisms in the oral cavity and reduce the interference of upper respiratory tract colonization bacteria on the sample;

[0034] A spring 14 is provided at the front end of the piston head 15 to be fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston cylinder 1. The spring 14 plays a reset role. After the piston rod 16 pulls the piston head 15, the piston head 15 can automatically return to its original position; a piston rod 16 is provided at the rear end of the piston head 15, and the other end of the piston rod 16 is fixedly connected to the piston handle 17. The medical staff pulls or pushes the piston rod 16 by holding the piston handle 17 to drive the piston head 15 to slide in the piston cylinder 1 to achieve negative pressure suction or blowing function. When the piston handle 17 is pulled, the piston head 15 moves backward, the negative pressure one-way valve 20 opens, and negative pressure is formed in the sampling cylinder 6 to absorb the sample; when the piston handle 17 is pushed, the piston head 15 moves forward, the blowing one-way valve 19 opens, and the blower cylinder 3 blows out air flow;

[0035] Furthermore, a guide cylinder 24 is provided at the rear end of the fixing block 9 to be slidably connected to the push cylinder 12; a spiral groove 11 is provided at the front end of the push cylinder 12, and a push block 13 is provided at the rear end;

[0036] A guide cylinder 24 is provided at the rear end of the fixed block 9 to be slidably connected to the push cylinder 12, providing a guide for the sliding of the push cylinder 12 to ensure the linearity and stability of the movement of the push cylinder 12; a negative pressure one-way valve 20 is provided inside to control the direction of the airflow, ensuring that when the piston is pulled, only the sampling cylinder 6 is connected to the outside to form a negative pressure, and when the piston is pushed, the negative pressure one-way valve 20 is closed to prevent the reverse flow of the airflow from affecting the sampling process; a hose 10 is provided at the front end to connect the sampling cylinder 6 connected to the rear end to generate negative pressure;

[0037] A pushing groove 21 is provided at the upper end of the pushing handle 2 and is slidably connected to the pushing block 13. When the pushing block 13 is pushed, the pushing block 13 slides in the pushing groove 21, driving the pushing cylinder 12 to move back and forth along the guide cylinder 24. Since the spiral groove 11 at the front end of the pushing cylinder 12 cooperates with the spiral protrusion on the inner surface of the rear end of the rotating cylinder 23, the linear motion of the pushing cylinder 12 can be converted into the rotational motion of the rotating cylinder 23, thereby realizing the circumferential rotation of the sampling cylinder 6 around the damping ball 5.

[0038] Furthermore, a pushing groove 21 is provided at the upper end of the pushing handle 2 to be slidably connected to the pushing block 13;

[0039] Furthermore, a blowing one-way valve 19 is provided at the gap between the bottom of the piston cylinder 1 and the guide cylinder 24 and the blowing cylinder 3;

[0040] Furthermore, a hose 10 is provided at the front end of the fixing block 9; a damping ball 5 is provided at the front end of the hose 10; a sampling barrel 6 is provided at the front end of the damping ball 5; the front end of the sampling barrel 6 is detachably connected to a sampling head 7; a plurality of negative pressure holes 8 are provided in a circumferential array on the outside of the sampling head 7; when the negative pressure holes 8 form a negative pressure in the sampling barrel 6, the sample in the respiratory tract can be effectively drawn, ensuring the efficiency and uniformity of the sample drawing while avoiding damage to the respiratory mucosa;

[0041] Furthermore, a negative pressure one-way valve 20 is provided inside the fixing block 9;

[0042] Furthermore, the front end of the rotating cylinder 23 is provided with a ball groove 22 for rotatably connecting the damping ball 5, and the inner surface of the rear end is provided with a corresponding spiral protrusion to match the spiral groove 11 at the front end of the push cylinder 12;

[0043] The hose 10 at the front end of the fixed block 9 has good flexibility, which can buffer the external force during the sampling process to a certain extent, and can rotate with the rotating drum 23, while ensuring the transmission of the sample and the airflow. The front end of the hose 10 is connected to the damping ball 5, which has certain damping characteristics. It can not only enable the sampling barrel 6 to rotate flexibly at multiple angles, but also remain stable after rotating to a specific position, which is convenient for accurate sampling. The front end of the damping ball 5 is connected to the sampling barrel 6, and the front end of the sampling barrel 6 is detachably connected to the sampling head 7, which is convenient for replacing the sampling head 7 according to different sampling requirements, and also convenient for cleaning and disinfection of the sampling head 7;

[0044] In this embodiment, the working principle of the device is as follows: hold the handle 18, adjust the position of the damping ball 5 in the ball groove 22 as needed, so that the sampling cylinder 6 is tilted at a certain angle, push the piston handle 17, and the piston head 15 moves forward in the piston cylinder 1. Since a blowing one-way valve 19 is provided at the gap between the guide cylinder 24 and the blower cylinder 3 at the bottom of the piston cylinder 1, the one-way valve is opened at this time, and the gas in the piston cylinder 1 is squeezed and flows to the blower cylinder 3 and blown out through the blowing port 4 of the array outside the blower cylinder 3; the blown air flow acts evenly on the oral cavity, diluting the microorganisms in the oral cavity, reducing the interference of upper respiratory tract colonization bacteria on subsequent sample collection, and completing the pretreatment work before sampling;

[0045] After reaching the sampling position, the piston handle 17 is released. Under the elastic return action of the spring 14, the piston rod 16 is driven to make the piston head 15 slide backward in the piston cylinder 1. The internal volume of the piston cylinder 1 increases to form a negative pressure. The negative pressure one-way valve 20 inside the fixed block 9 opens. The outside air can only enter the piston cylinder 1 through the negative pressure hole 8 of the sampling head 7, the sampling cylinder 6, and the hose 10. In this process, the sample in the respiratory tract is sucked into the sampling cylinder 6 through the negative pressure holes 8 of the circumferential array of the sampling head 7 under the action of negative pressure, thereby realizing sample collection;

[0046] During the movement of the piston head 15, the push block 13 is pushed, and then the push cylinder 12 moves forward along the guide cylinder 24. The spiral groove 11 at the front end of the push cylinder 12 cooperates with the spiral protrusion on the inner surface of the rear end of the rotating cylinder 23 to convert the linear motion of the push cylinder 12 into the rotational motion of the rotating cylinder 23. The ball groove 22 at the front end of the rotating cylinder 23 is rotationally connected to the damping ball 5. Therefore, when the rotating cylinder 23 rotates, it drives the damping ball 5 and the sampling cylinder 6 at the front end to rotate in a circle around the damping ball 5.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] In this embodiment, in order for the rotating drum 23 to rotate when the push drum 12 pushes, the spiral groove 11 and related structures must meet the following parameter setting conditions:

[0049] Direction of rotation: The spiral groove 11 at the front end of the push cylinder 12 and the spiral protrusion on the inner surface of the rear end of the rotating cylinder 23 must have the same direction of rotation to ensure that when the push cylinder 12 moves linearly, the spiral structure generates a rotational driving force through meshing. The lead of the spiral groove 11 must be consistent with the lead of the spiral protrusion of the rotating cylinder 23 to ensure efficient force transmission when the two are in contact and avoid slipping or jamming.

[0050] Helix angle: The helix angle of the spiral groove 11 should generally be between 15° and 45°. A too small angle will result in insufficient rotational driving force, requiring greater thrust to drive the drum 23. A too large angle will cause excessive axial force loss in the push drum 12, affecting the rotational stability of the drum 23. The contact surface material of the spiral groove 11 and the spiral protrusion must have an appropriate friction coefficient to avoid operation jamming due to excessive friction, or idling due to too little friction.

[0051] Dimensions: The outer diameter of the push cylinder 12 must be sufficiently well-matched with the inner diameter of the rotating cylinder 23 to ensure that the axes are aligned when the spiral structure is engaged and to avoid jamming caused by eccentricity. The maximum axial movement distance of the push cylinder 12 must be less than the effective length of the spiral groove 11 to prevent the spiral protrusion from detaching from the spiral groove 11 and causing the rotation to be interrupted.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] In this embodiment, the core function of the spring 14 is to provide a reset driving force for the piston assembly. One end of the spring 14 is fixed to the bottom of the piston cylinder 1, and the other end is connected to the piston head 15. The spring 14 is usually in a pre-compressed state, so that the piston head 15 is maintained at the rear end limit position of the piston cylinder 1. At this time, the space in the piston cylinder 1 is maximized, providing a volume basis for the formation of negative pressure.

[0054] When the push block 13 is operated to push the push cylinder 12 forward, the rotating cylinder 23 rotates due to the engagement of the spiral groove 11, driving the damping ball 5 and the sampling head 7 to rotate. At this time, the piston head 15 moves outward under the elastic force of the spring 14, and the volume inside the piston cylinder 1 increases, forming a negative pressure. The negative pressure one-way valve 20 opens, and the external air is sucked into the sampling cylinder 6 through the hose 10 and the negative pressure hole 8 of the sampling head 7, completing the sampling;

[0055] When the piston moves outward under the action of spring 14, the negative pressure resistance (F p ) and the spring force (F) of spring 14 must satisfy: F ≥ F p +F f ;

[0056] Where: F = k·(χ0+χ), k is the elastic coefficient, χ0 is the pre-compression, and χ is the displacement;

[0057] F p =P·S, P is the negative pressure value, S is the piston cross-sectional area;

[0058] F f is the friction between the piston and the cylinder wall;

[0059] In summary, k·(χ0+χ)≥P·S+F f ,Right now Therefore, when the elastic coefficient of the spring 14 and the piston area are fixed, the greater the preload force, the higher the maximum negative pressure value that can be generated.

[0060] In summary, the present invention cooperates with the piston head 15 and the one-way valve. When the piston is pulled, the negative pressure one-way valve 20 opens, so that negative pressure is formed in the sampling tube 6, which can stably and accurately absorb the sample, avoiding insufficient sample collection due to insufficient negative pressure, or excessive negative pressure that damages the respiratory mucosa of children; when the piston is pushed, the blowing one-way valve 19 opens, and the blowing port 4 of the blower tube 3 can blow out airflow, thereby diluting the microorganisms in the oral cavity, reducing the interference of upper respiratory tract colonization bacteria on the sample, and improving the accuracy of sample detection. The two functions of blowing and negative pressure suction can be switched by push-pull operation, which is simple and flexible to operate.

[0061] At the same time, the front end sampling tube 6 is connected to the rotating cylinder 23 through the damping ball 5. The spiral protrusion on the inner surface of the rear end of the rotating cylinder 23 cooperates with the spiral groove 11 at the front end of the push cylinder 12. When the push handle 2 is pushed to move the push cylinder 12, the rotating cylinder 23 can be driven to rotate, and then the sampling cylinder 6 can be driven to rotate in a circle around the damping ball 5 to achieve multi-angle and all-round rotational sampling, thereby adapting to the complex physiological curvature of the children's respiratory tract, allowing doctors to accurately reach the tricky lesion area, greatly improving the sampling efficiency, and reducing unnecessary harm to children.

[0062] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only the specific implementation methods described.

Claims

1. A bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children, characterized in that: include: piston cylinder; A hole is provided at the center of the front end of the piston cylinder to be fixedly connected to a fixed block, a push handle is provided on the outside, the rear end is internally slidably connected to the piston head, and a handle is provided at the bottom; a hair dryer is provided at the front end of the push handle; a plurality of blowing ports are arranged in an array on the outside of the hair dryer, and the front end is rotatably connected to a rotating cylinder; a spring is provided at the front end of the piston head to be fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston cylinder, and a piston rod is provided at the rear end to be fixedly connected to the piston handle.

2. A bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end of the fixed block is provided with a guide cylinder which is slidably connected to the push cylinder; the front end of the push cylinder is provided with a spiral groove, and the rear end is provided with a push block.

3. A bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the push handle is provided with a push groove which is slidably connected to the push block.

4. A bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blowing one-way valve is arranged at the gap between the guide cylinder and the blowing cylinder at the bottom of the piston cylinder.

5. A bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children according to claim 2, characterized in that: A hose is provided at the front end of the fixed block; a damping ball is provided at the front end of the hose; a sampling barrel is provided at the front end of the damping ball; the front end of the sampling barrel is detachably connected to a sampling head; and a plurality of negative pressure holes are provided in a circumferential array outside the sampling head.

6. A bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children according to claim 5, characterized in that: A negative pressure one-way valve is arranged inside the fixing block.

7. A bronchopneumonia sampling device suitable for children according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the rotating cylinder is provided with a ball groove for rotationally connecting the damping ball, and the inner surface of the rear end is provided with a corresponding spiral protrusion to match the spiral groove at the front end of the push cylinder.

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