Vertical shaft tunneling device with supporting structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical shaft tunneling device with a supporting structure, and relates to the technical field of vertical shaft tunneling. In order to solve the problems that an existing device is low in tunneling efficiency, poor in supporting stability, inflexible in depth adjustment and the like, the vertical shaft tunneling device with the supporting structure comprises a tunneling assembly and further comprises a supporting assembly fixed to the upper portion of a vertical shaft, and an adjusting assembly is connected to the supporting assembly; the depth exploration assembly slidably penetrates through the center of the supporting assembly and is connected with the adjusting assembly, and the center of the supporting assembly and the center of the adjusting assembly are kept coaxially aligned; the tunneling assembly is connected to the tail end of the depth exploration assembly; the adjusting assembly is matched with the depth exploration assembly to achieve adjustment of the first depth, the second depth and the third depth of the tunneling assembly in the tunneling direction. Flexible adjustment, safety and stability of vertical shaft tunneling operation are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of vertical shaft excavation, and in particular to a vertical shaft excavation device with a supporting structure. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern industry and infrastructure, shaft excavation technology plays a vital role in mining, urban subway construction, and deep foundation pit engineering. Traditional shaft excavation methods typically rely on manual operation or mechanical equipment, but they suffer from low efficiency, insufficient safety, and limited adaptability. This is especially true in complex geological conditions or deep excavation operations, where precise depth control and structural stability are difficult to achieve.

[0003] Existing technologies improve construction safety with some shaft boring equipment using support structures. However, these equipment's adjustment mechanisms are relatively simple, making them inadequate for varying depths and strata. For example, existing equipment often utilizes fixed supports or simple lifting systems, lacking flexible height and depth adjustment capabilities. This makes it difficult to meet engineering requirements in deep or multi-level construction. Furthermore, traditional equipment lacks the ability to coordinate mud and debris handling with equipment stability during excavation, making it prone to vibration or displacement that can lead to interruptions or structural damage.

[0004] Furthermore, most conventional tunneling equipment utilizes fixed support structures, lacking the flexibility to adjust height and adapt to depth. This makes it unable to cope with varying working depths and geological conditions, which can easily lead to support failure or limited tunneling speed. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of shaft tunneling device with a support structure. This device, through modular design and multi-mode adjustment, can achieve efficient and safe tunneling at varying depths and geological conditions, while also improving support stability and construction adaptability to meet the diverse needs of modern engineering construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above-mentioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a shaft excavation device with a support structure to effectively solve the problems existing in the prior art, such as low excavation efficiency, poor support stability, and inflexible depth adjustment, so as to ensure the efficiency, safety and stability of shaft excavation operations.

[0006] The key concept behind this technical solution is to develop an efficient, safe, and adaptable shaft boring device with a support structure through modular design and a multifunctional linkage mechanism. This approach addresses the shortcomings of traditional boring equipment in depth adjustment, stability, and adaptability. The core of this technical solution lies in the integration of support, adjustment, depth exploration, and boring components to enable flexible switching between three operating modes.

[0007] First, the support assembly provides stable support through multiple symmetrically arranged adjustment rods and a cross frame, which, in conjunction with the power output of the power components, ensures the structural stability of the device under complex geological conditions. Second, the adjustment assembly uses a sliding connection between a slider and a screw rod. Combined with the folding frame and retractable height adjustment rod of the height adjustment assembly, precise height and angle adjustment is achieved, and the adapter plate is linked to adjust the spatial position of the depth exploration assembly and the tunneling assembly. Third, the depth exploration assembly dynamically adapts to different tunneling depth requirements through the telescopic function of the telescopic control rod, working synchronously with the adjustment assembly. Finally, the tunneling assembly achieves efficient excavation and mud handling through the design of the sliding assembly, connecting assembly, and tunneling equipment.

[0008] This technical solution ensures close coordination between components through threaded connections and articulated structures, enabling adjustment to three excavation depths (primary, secondary, and tertiary) to meet diverse construction requirements. The overall design emphasizes the integration of mechanical transmission and electronic control, significantly improving the device's accuracy, stability, and construction efficiency, providing a reliable solution for complex shaft projects.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a shaft excavation device with a support structure, characterized in that it includes a tunneling assembly, and further includes: a support assembly fixed above the shaft, the support assembly being connected to an adjustment assembly; a depth exploration assembly sliding through the center of the support assembly and connected to the adjustment assembly, the center of the support assembly and the center of the adjustment assembly being coaxially aligned; and a tunneling assembly connected to the end of the depth exploration assembly; Among them, the adjustment component cooperates with the depth exploration component to realize the adjustment of the first depth, second depth and third depth of the excavation component in the excavation direction.

[0010] Taking into account the need to achieve stability of the device during construction at different depths, based on this technical idea, the above structure is further refined.

[0011] In order to ensure the stability of the support structure, the support assembly further includes: The cross frame also has a connecting ring at its central intersection, and a power piece is provided at each of the four diagonal points of the cross frame, and each power piece is connected to the connecting ring via a screw rod; Adjustment components are respectively arranged below the four diagonal corners of the cross frame, and the adjustment components are located on the top edge of the shaft.

[0012] In order to achieve dynamic adjustment of the excavation depth, the adjustment components further include: There are four sliders, which pass through the cross beams of the cross frame and are connected to the screw rods respectively; there are four height adjustment components, one end of which is hinged to the lower part of the four sliders respectively, and the other end is hinged to the adapter plate, which is located directly below the connecting ring.

[0013] In order to maintain the stability of the device, further, the hinge directions of the two ends of the four height adjustment components are located in the same direction as the central horizontal axis of the beam directly above them.

[0014] In order to adjust the excavation depth, the height adjustment component further includes: a folding frame, one end of which is hinged to the slider; The height adjustment rod is telescopically arranged inside the folding frame. The height adjustment rod can move along the internal guide rail of the folding frame, and the end portion of the height adjustment rod is hinged to the adapter plate.

[0015] Going a step further, let’s explore the components in depth: A telescopic control rod is provided on the adapter plate, with its top portion passing through the central intersection of the cross frame and its bottom portion passing through the adapter plate to the bottom thereof and connected to the tunneling assembly; The power source is arranged on the telescopic control rod to drive the telescopic control rod to extend and retract.

[0016] Furthermore, the first depth is the distance that the excavation assembly excavates when the power source drives the telescopic control rod to move downward; the second depth is the distance that the excavation assembly excavates when the slider moves from the far end to the proximal end of the screw rod and the height adjustment assembly is synchronously converted from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction; the third depth is the distance that the excavation assembly excavates when the top of the height adjustment rod moves along the internal guide rail of the folding frame to the end of the guide rail.

[0017] In order to achieve efficient excavation and mud residue treatment, further: the excavation component includes: a sliding component, on which two symmetrically arranged connecting components are slidably connected, and each connecting component is provided with an excavation device.

[0018] Furthermore, the sliding assembly includes: a connecting plate, which is arranged at the end of the telescopic control rod and has a first drive motor arranged at its lower part; a locking plate, which is connected to the lower part of the first drive motor and has a sliding bar symmetrically connected at each end.

[0019] Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for adjusting the excavation depth of a shaft excavation device with a support structure, comprising the following steps: S1, first depth excavation The slider is located in the initial position of the beam, the height adjustment assembly is set parallel to the beam, and the height adjustment rod is located inside the folding frame. The excavation equipment is started, and the telescopic control rod is driven by the power source to adjust, and gradually adjusted to the maximum length to complete the excavation of the first depth.

[0020] S2, second depth excavation Based on mode 1, the power part is started. As the screw rod rotates, the slider begins to slide and gradually moves to the rightmost end of the beam. The height adjustment assembly is perpendicular to the beam body, completing the excavation to the second depth. S3, third depth excavation The height adjustment rod moves along the inner guide rail of the folding frame to the end of the guide rail to complete the excavation to the third depth.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Improved Construction Efficiency and Adaptability: This invention achieves flexible switching between three excavation depths through the coordinated design of the adjustment component and the depth exploration component. This adaptability accommodates a variety of excavation requirements, including shallow, intermediate, and deep depths, significantly improving construction efficiency. Compared to existing technologies that rely on single fixed supports or lifting systems, this device, through the precise adjustment of a slider and height adjustment lever, rapidly adapts to varying geological conditions and depth requirements, reducing construction interruptions and adjustment time, improving overall operational efficiency, and meeting the diverse needs of complex shaft projects.

[0022] 2. Enhanced Structural Stability and Safety: This invention utilizes a cross-frame consisting of four beams and symmetrically arranged adjustment rods to form a support assembly. Connecting rings evenly distribute mechanical loads, significantly enhancing the stability of the device during excavation. Compared to traditional equipment prone to structural damage due to vibration or displacement, this device, through the synergistic effect of the drive assembly and threaded connections, ensures dynamic balance during construction, reduces safety risks, and improves operational reliability in complex geological conditions.

[0023] 3. Optimized Depth Control and Mud Handling: This invention utilizes a telescopic control lever in the depth exploration assembly to achieve precise dynamic adjustment of the excavation depth. Furthermore, the excavation assembly is equipped with a mud pumping pipe to efficiently handle the mud generated during excavation. Compared to existing technologies that suffer from inaccurate depth control and inefficient mud handling, this device, through the combination of electronic control and mechanical transmission, improves depth adjustment precision and mud handling capacity, reduces construction pollution, and enhances excavation quality and environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0025] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of a vertical shaft excavation device with a supporting structure according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support assembly and the adjustment assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 is a state diagram of the first depth of the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 cross-section; Figure 5 is a state diagram of the third depth of the present invention; Figure 6is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the support assembly and the adjustment assembly; Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the slider; Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the transfer plate; Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the height adjustment component; Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tunneling assembly; Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tunneling assembly; Figure 12 The product of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 13 The product of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 14 The product of the present invention Figure 3 ; Figure 15 The product of the present invention Figure 4 ; In the figure: 1. Support assembly; 11. Adjustment assembly; 111. Base; 112. Motor; 113. Telescopic adjustment rod; 114. Connecting piece; 12. Crossbeam; 121. Connecting ring; 122. Slide; 13. Drive assembly; 131. Power piece; 132. Screw; 2. Adjustment assembly; 21. Slider; 22. Height adjustment assembly; 221. Folding frame; 222. Height adjustment rod; 23. Adapter plate; 3. Depth exploration assembly; 31. Telescopic control rod; 32. Power source; 4. Excavation assembly; 41. Sliding assembly; 411. Connecting plate; 412. Sliding bar; 413. First drive motor; 414. Locking plate; 42. Connecting assembly; 421. Drive; 422. Connecting seat; 43. Excavation equipment; 431. Mud conveying pipe; 432. Second drive motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0028] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Example 1

[0029] Combine Figures 1 to 15 The present invention discloses a vertical shaft excavation device with a support structure. The vertical shaft excavation device with a support structure includes a tunneling component 4, and also includes: a support component 1, which is fixed above the vertical shaft, and an adjustment component 2 is connected to the support component 1; a depth exploration component 3, which slides through the center of the support component 1 and is connected to the adjustment component 2, and the center of the support component 1 and the center of the adjustment component 2 are kept coaxially aligned; the tunneling component 4 is connected to the end of the depth exploration component 3; wherein the adjustment component 2 cooperates with the depth exploration component 3 to realize the adjustment of the first depth, second depth and third depth of the tunneling component 4 in the excavation direction.

[0030] like Figure 1 The support assembly 1 includes a cross frame, and a connecting ring 121 is provided at the central intersection thereof. At the same time, a power piece 131 is provided at each of the four diagonal corners of the cross frame, and each power piece 131 is connected to the connecting ring 121 through a screw rod 132; and an adjustment assembly 11 is provided below each of the four diagonal corners of the cross frame, and the adjustment assembly 11 is located at the top edge of the shaft.

[0031] Four adjustment assemblies 11 are symmetrically distributed along the top edge of the shaft. The bottom of each adjustment assembly 11 is bolted or welded to the ground, ensuring the stability of the entire support structure. Made of high-strength steel, the adjustment assemblies 11 possess sufficient rigidity and load-bearing capacity to withstand the vertical and lateral forces generated during excavation.

[0032] Specifically, the adjustment assembly 11 includes a base 111, a motor 112, a telescopic adjustment rod 113, and a connector 114. The base 111 is fixed to the floor of the shaft, providing a stable support base for the adjustment assembly 11 to prevent displacement during operation. The motor 112 is located above the base 111 and drives the telescopic adjustment rod 113 to extend and retract vertically. A connector 114 is provided at the top of the telescopic adjustment rod 113. This connector 114 secures the adjustment assembly 11 to the crossbeam 12 via a locking mechanism, ensuring the stability and adjustability of the crossbeam 12.

[0033] Specifically, the cross frame also includes multiple crossbeams 12. In this embodiment, four crossbeams 12 are preferably arranged in an "X" configuration at the top of the shaft. The centers of the four crossbeams 12 are interconnected by connecting rings 121, forming a stable frame structure. Connecting rings 121 are circular steel rings with a central through-hole to facilitate the subsequent installation and movement of the tunneling assembly 4. One end of each crossbeam 12 is bolted to the top of the corresponding adjustment assembly 11, and the other end is fixed to the connecting ring 121, ensuring the overall rigidity of the "X" structure.

[0034] Specifically, each crossbeam 12 is provided with a chute 122 extending along the length of the crossbeam 12, preferably having a length of 70%-80% of the total length of the crossbeam 12. The inner wall of the chute 122 is smooth and coated with a lubricating coating to reduce frictional resistance when the adjustment assembly 2 slides within the chute 122.

[0035] like Figure 2 A drive assembly 13 is provided along the length of the beam 12. The drive assembly 13 comprises a power member 131 and a screw 132. The power member 131 is fixed to the end of the upper surface of the beam 12 and is preferably a servo motor 112 that provides stable rotational power. The power member 131 is connected to the screw 132 via a speed reducer to ensure that the output torque meets the drive requirements.

[0036] Specifically, the screw rod 132 is arranged along the length direction of the beam 12, one end of which is connected to the output shaft of the power member 131 through a coupling, and the other end is rotatably connected to the other end of the upper surface of the beam 12 through a bearing. The screw rod 132 adopts a high-precision thread design, and the pitch is preferably 5 mm to achieve smooth movement of the adjustment component 2. The screw rod 132 and the slider 21 in the adjustment component 2 are matched with a nut. When the power member 131 drives the screw rod 132 to rotate, the nut drives the slider 21 to slide along the slide groove 122, thereby achieving precise displacement of the adjustment component 2. After the power member 131 of the driving assembly is started, the driving screw rod 132 rotates, thereby pushing the adjustment component 2 to slide along the slide groove 122, thereby achieving height or position adjustment of the excavation device.

[0037] Specifically, the adjustment assembly 2 includes four sliders 21, a height adjustment assembly 22, and an adapter plate 23. Each slider 21 is threaded onto a screw rod 132. Made of high-strength alloy steel, the sliders 21 are internally fitted with a nut structure that mates with the threads of the screw rod 132, ensuring smooth movement as the screw rod 132 rotates. The upper portions of the four sliders 21 extend through the slots 122 on the four crossbeams 12 of the cross frame, allowing them to slide freely along the axial direction of the crossbeam 12. The bottoms of the sliders 21 are provided with hinged seats for connecting to the height adjustment assembly 22.

[0038] Specifically, four height adjustment assemblies 22 are provided, one end of each of the four height adjustment assemblies 22 being hinged to the lower portion of the four sliders 21, and the other end being hinged to the adapter plate 23, which is located directly below the connecting ring 121. The height adjustment assembly 22 includes a folding frame 221 and a height adjustment rod 222, which work together to achieve flexible height adjustment.

[0039] Specifically, the folding frame 221 is a rectangular frame, preferably made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy for both strength and lightness. One end of the frame is connected to a hinged seat at the bottom of the slider 21 via a hinge pin, allowing the folding frame 221 to rotate relative to the slider 21 to accommodate different angles. A guide rail structure is provided within the folding frame 221, extending along its length.

[0040] like Figure 9 The height adjustment rod 222 is a telescopic rod that can be precisely adjusted in length via a hydraulic or pneumatic drive. The height adjustment rod 222 is located within the folding frame 221. Its outer tube is fixed to the upper portion of the folding frame 221, while its inner tube can extend along the length of the guide rails of the folding frame 221. The lower end of the inner tube is connected to the adapter plate 23 via a hinge pin, allowing the adapter plate 23 to be adjusted within a small range of angle relative to the inner tube.

[0041] Specifically, the adapter plate 23 is a circular steel plate. The hinged structure of the adapter plate 23 allows it to be adjusted in a small range of angle relative to the height adjustment rod 222. A through hole is provided in the center of the adapter plate 23 to facilitate the passage of the depth exploration component 3.

[0042] Specifically, the folding frame 221 and the height adjustment rod 222 together form a precise height adjustment system. When the height needs to be adjusted, the slider 21 drives the folding frame 221 to adjust via the sliding screw 132. The folding frame 221 changes its angle through its hinge structure, thereby adjusting the vertical position of the height adjustment rod 222. Example 2

[0043] refer to Figures 1-15 Unlike the first embodiment, the present invention also includes a depth exploration assembly 3, which includes a telescopic control rod 31. This multi-stage telescopic rod 31 is preferably made of high-strength alloy steel to ensure sufficient rigidity and compressive strength. The total length of the telescopic control rod 31 is adjustable, preferably within a range of .0 to .0 meters, adapting to a variety of construction scenarios, from shallow to deep excavation.

[0044] Specifically, the top of the telescopic control rod 31 is fixedly connected to a power source 32. The power source 32 is preferably a hydraulic pump station or an electric servo motor 112 with a rated power of 2.0 kilowatts, which can provide stable power output. The power source 32 is connected to the drive system inside the telescopic control rod 31 via a pipe or cable.

[0045] Specifically, the telescopic control rod 31 slides through the interior of the connecting ring 121 of the support assembly 1. The inner bore of the connecting ring 121 is equipped with a sliding bearing or lubricating bushing, whose inner diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the telescopic control rod 31. This reduces sliding friction and ensures smooth movement of the telescopic control rod 31. The middle portion of the telescopic control rod 31 is welded or bolted to the adapter plate 23 of the adjustment assembly 2. The adapter plate 23 serves as a connecting hub, linking the movement of the telescopic control rod 31 with that of the height adjustment assembly 22.

[0046] Specifically, the lower part of the telescopic control rod 31 is connected to the excavation assembly 4, preferably through a flange or a quick connector to achieve a detachable connection to facilitate the installation and maintenance of the excavation equipment 43. The connection structure at the lower part of the telescopic control rod 31 is provided with a shock-absorbing pad to absorb vibrations generated during the excavation process.

[0047] Specifically, when the height of the height adjustment assembly 22 changes due to the sliding of the slider 21, the adapter plate 23 adjusts its position accordingly, thereby causing the connected telescopic control rod 31 to move accordingly. This connection ensures precise control of the depth exploration assembly 3 and synchronizes the movement of the telescopic control rod 31 with the adjustment of the height adjustment assembly 22.

[0048] Through this design, the telescopic control rod 31 can not only independently adjust the depth, but also adapt to changes from the adapter plate 23 at any time, so that the entire tunneling device remains stable during the adjustment process and can accurately control the depth in the shaft. Example 3

[0049] refer to Figures 1-15 , which is different from the above-mentioned embodiments 1 and 2, a tunneling assembly 4 is provided at the bottom of the telescopic control rod 31, and the tunneling assembly 4 includes a sliding assembly 41, a connecting assembly 42 and a tunneling device 43; like Figure 10 The sliding component 41 is slidably connected to two symmetrically arranged connecting components 42, and each connecting component 42 is fixedly provided with a tunneling device 43, thereby realizing bilaterally symmetrical tunneling and improving construction efficiency.

[0050] Specifically, the sliding assembly 41 includes a connecting plate 411, which is fixed to the end of the telescopic control rod 31 and supports the entire sliding assembly 41. A first drive motor 413 is connected to the lower portion of the connecting plate 411, and a locking plate 414 is located below the first drive motor 413. Sliding bars 412 are symmetrically connected to the locking plate 414 on both sides, forming a stable sliding track structure. The first drive motor 413 rotates the locking plate 414 and its connected sliding bar 412, thereby adjusting the operating direction of the tunneling equipment 43.

[0051] Specifically, the connecting assembly 42 includes a driver 421 and a connecting base 422. The connecting base 422 is mounted on the sliding bar 412 via a sliding connection, allowing it to slide freely along the sliding bar 412. A driver 421 is provided on the side of the connecting base 422. The driver 421 drives the connecting base 422 to slide along the sliding bar 412 through power output, thereby adjusting the horizontal position of the tunneling equipment 43.

[0052] Specifically, the lower portion of the connecting base 422 is fixedly connected to a tunneling device 43. The tunneling device 43 is equipped with a sludge conveying pipe 431 and a second drive motor 432. The sludge conveying pipe 431 is used to pump the slurry formed by the mixture of soil and water to the surface during the tunneling process for mud-water separation. The second drive motor 432 provides power to the tunneling device 43, driving the tunneling tool to excavate the soil and ensure efficient and continuous tunneling operations.

[0053] In this embodiment, the sliding assembly 41 achieves rotation and positioning adjustment of the tunneling device 43 through the coordinated action of a first drive motor 413 and a locking disc 414. Two symmetrically arranged connecting assemblies 42, driven by a driver 421, drive a connecting seat 422 along a sliding bar 412, enabling the two tunneling devices 43 to operate synchronously or independently, adapting to tunneling requirements in diverse geological conditions. The sludge conveying pipe 431 and second drive motor 432 equipped with the tunneling device 43 further enhance mud handling capacity and tunneling efficiency, enhancing the device's applicability in complex construction environments.

[0054] It is worth noting that the adjustment component 2 cooperates with the depth exploration component 3 to realize the adjustment of the first depth, the second depth and the third depth of the excavation component 4 in the excavation direction.

[0055] Among them, the first depth is the distance that the excavation assembly 4 excavates when the power source 32 drives the telescopic control rod 31 to move downward; the second depth is the distance that the excavation assembly 4 excavates when the slider 21 moves from the distal end to the proximal end of the screw rod 132 and the height adjustment assembly 22 is synchronously converted from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction; the third depth is the distance that the excavation assembly 4 excavates when the top of the height adjustment rod 222 moves along the internal guide rail of the folding frame 221 to the end of the guide rail. Example 4

[0056] refer to Figures 1-15 , different from the above embodiment, the working process of a shaft excavation device with a supporting structure is as follows: S1, first depth excavation In the initial operating state, the slider 21 is positioned at the starting position of the beam 12, and the height adjustment assembly 22 is arranged parallel to the beam 12, ensuring the device is at a low operating height. At this point, the height adjustment rod 222 is completely retracted within the folding frame 221, maintaining its minimum length. The tunneling equipment 43 is activated, and excavation operations begin. Simultaneously, the power source 32 drives the telescopic control rod 31, which is gradually extended to its maximum length, thereby adjusting the tunneling assembly 4 to the first depth position, completing shallow excavation operations. This stage is suitable for excavation in shallow strata and ensures stable system operation.

[0057] S2, second depth excavation After excavation reaches the first depth, the drive assembly's power element 131 is activated, rotating the screw 132. As the screw 132 rotates, the slider 21 slides along the guide slot 122 of the beam 12, gradually moving to its rightmost position. At this point, the angle of the height adjustment assembly 22 changes, maintaining a perpendicular position relative to the beam. At this stage, the sliding movement of the slider 21 achieves the second excavation depth, adapting to the needs of deeper strata.

[0058] S3, third depth excavation After excavation has progressed to the second depth, the height adjustment rod 222 is further adjusted. It slides along the guide rail within the folding frame 221, gradually moving to the end of the rail and reaching its maximum extension. At this point, the excavation equipment 43, supported by the sliding assembly 41 and the connecting assembly 42, continues to excavate efficiently. The sludge conveying pipe 431 processes the slurry generated at depth, ensuring smooth construction. This stage, through the extension of the height adjustment rod 222, achieves excavation to the third depth, meeting the requirements for deep-layer construction in complex geological conditions.

[0059] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention; therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is limited by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention, and any figure signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0060] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shaft excavation device with a support structure, comprising an excavation assembly (4), characterized in that: Also includes: A support assembly (1) is fixed above the shaft, and an adjustment assembly (2) is connected to the support assembly (1); The depth exploration component (3) slides through the center of the support component (1) and is connected to the adjustment component (2), and the center of the support component (1) and the center of the adjustment component (2) are kept coaxially aligned; A tunneling assembly (4) connected to the end of the depth exploration assembly (3); The adjustment component (2) cooperates with the depth exploration component (3) to achieve the adjustment of the first depth, the second depth and the third depth of the excavation component (4) in the excavation direction.

2. A shaft excavation device with a supporting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly (1) comprises: The cross frame also has a connecting ring (121) at its central intersection, and a power piece (131) is provided at each of the four diagonal positions of the cross frame. Each power piece (131) is connected to the connecting ring (121) via a screw rod (132); Adjustment components (11) are respectively provided below the four diagonal corners of the cross frame, and the adjustment components (11) are located on the top edge of the shaft.

3. A shaft excavation device with a supporting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment component (2) includes: There are four sliders (21), each of which passes through the cross beam (12) of the cross frame and is connected to the screw rod (132). Four height adjustment components (22) are provided. One end of each of the four height adjustment components (22) is hinged to the lower portion of each of the four sliders (21), and the other end is hinged to the adapter plate (23). The adapter plate (23) is located directly below the connecting ring (121).

4. A shaft boring device with a supporting structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hinge directions of the two ends of the four height adjustment components (22) are in the same direction as the central horizontal axis of the crossbeam (12) directly above them.

5. A shaft boring device with a supporting structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The height adjustment assembly (22) includes: A folding frame (221), one end of which is hinged to the slider (21); The height adjustment rod (222) is telescopically arranged inside the folding frame (221). The height adjustment rod (222) can move along the internal guide rail of the folding frame (221), and its end is hinged to the adapter plate (23).

6. The vertical shaft excavation device with a supporting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Deep Exploration Components (3): A telescopic control rod (31) is provided on the adapter plate (23), with its top extending through the central intersection of the cross frame and its bottom extending from the adapter plate (23) to below the adapter plate and connected to the tunneling assembly (4); A power source (32) is provided on the telescopic control rod (31) to drive the telescopic control rod (31) to extend and retract.

7. The vertical shaft excavation device with a supporting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first depth is the distance that the excavation assembly (4) excavates when the power source (32) drives the telescopic control rod (31) to move downward; The second depth is the distance that the excavation component (4) excavates when the slider (21) moves from the distal end to the proximal end of the screw rod (132) and the height adjustment component (22) is synchronously converted from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction; The third depth is the distance that the excavation assembly (4) excavates when the top of the height adjustment rod (222) moves along the inner guide rail of the folding frame (221) to the end of the guide rail.

8. A shaft boring device with a supporting structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tunneling assembly (4) comprises: The sliding assembly (41) is slidably connected to two symmetrically arranged connecting assemblies (42), and each connecting assembly (42) is provided with a tunneling device (43).

9. A shaft boring device with a supporting structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sliding assembly (41) comprises: A connecting plate (411) is provided at the end of the telescopic control rod (31), and a first driving motor (413) is provided at the lower portion thereof; The locking disk (414) is connected to the lower part of the first driving motor (413), and has a sliding bar (412) symmetrically connected to each of its two ends.

10. A method for adjusting the excavation depth of a shaft excavation device with a support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, first depth excavation The slider (21) is located at the initial position of the beam (12), the height adjustment assembly (22) is arranged parallel to the beam (12), and the height adjustment rod (222) is located inside the folding frame (221). The excavation equipment (43) is started, and the telescopic control rod (31) is driven by the power source (32) to adjust and gradually adjust to the maximum length to complete the excavation to the first depth; S2, second depth excavation On the basis of mode 1, the power member (131) is started, and as the screw rod (132) rotates, the slider (21) starts to slide and gradually moves to the rightmost end of the beam (12), and the height adjustment component (22) is perpendicular to the beam body, completing the excavation of the second depth; S3, third depth excavation The height adjustment rod (222) moves along the inner guide rail of the folding frame (221) to the end of the guide rail, completing the excavation to the third depth.

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