Water conservancy and hydropower engineering underground cavern high and thin rock wall excavation equipment and method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses hydraulic and hydro-power engineering underground cavern high and thin rock wall excavation equipment and a method thereof.The hydraulic and hydro-power engineering underground cavern high and thin rock wall excavation equipment comprises an insertion pipe, a suction mechanism, an air blowing mechanism, an exhaust mechanism, a filtering mechanism and a sealing mechanism, the insertion pipe is used for being inserted into an excavated pile hole, and the suction mechanism is used for pumping out gravel at the bottom of an inner cavity of the insertion pipe; the air-blowing mechanism is used for blowing air to the bottom of an inner cavity of the insertion pipe for pressurization, the exhaust mechanism is used for exhausting compressed air generated by the air-blowing mechanism, the filtering mechanism is used for preventing gravel from being exhausted out of the insertion pipe through the exhaust mechanism, and the sealing mechanism is used for sealing the suction mechanism and the insertion pipe. By means of the arrangement of the suction mechanism and the air blowing mechanism, compressed air can enter the bottom of the insertion pipe, the upward moving tendency of broken stone is increased, the broken stone can be stably pumped out, and the pumped broken stone can be discharged into the insertion pipe and located at the top end of a guide cover to be collected; and the stability of gravel suction and collection is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pile hole excavation, and in particular to equipment and a method for excavating high and thin rock walls in underground caverns of water conservancy and hydropower projects. Background Art

[0002] During the excavation process of the high and thin rock wall of the underground cavern of the water conservancy and hydropower project, it is necessary to first excavate the pile hole of the high and thin rock wall. After the pile hole is excavated, the gravel in the pile hole needs to be cleaned. Generally, a slag extractor is directly connected to the pile hole so that the gravel in the pile hole can be sucked out. However, the suction force of the slag extractor is certain, and it cannot guarantee that the gravel in the pile hole is stably sucked out. At the same time, the sucked out gravel is not easy to handle. If it is discharged directly, the inertia of the gravel will cause the gravel to splash out at the outlet of the slag extractor, which is dangerous. For this reason, we propose an excavation equipment and method for the high and thin rock wall of the underground cavern of the water conservancy and hydropower project that can stably extract gravel. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for excavating high and thin rock walls of underground caverns in water conservancy and hydropower projects, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an apparatus for excavating high and thin rock walls in underground caverns of water conservancy and hydropower projects, comprising:

[0005] An insertion tube, the insertion tube being used to be inserted into the excavated pile hole;

[0006] A suction mechanism, the suction mechanism being used to extract gravel from the bottom of the inner cavity of the insertion tube;

[0007] An air blowing mechanism, the air blowing mechanism being used to blow air and pressurize the bottom of the inner cavity of the insertion tube;

[0008] An exhaust mechanism, the exhaust mechanism being used to discharge the compressed air generated by the inflation mechanism;

[0009] a filtering mechanism for preventing gravel from being discharged from the insertion tube through the exhaust mechanism;

[0010] The sealing mechanism is used to seal between the suction mechanism and the insertion tube.

[0011] Preferably, the suction mechanism includes a slag extractor, the inner wall of the insertion tube is movably connected with a resistance tube, the top of the resistance tube is provided with a guide cover, the top of the guide cover is provided with a resistance tube, and the input end of the slag extractor is provided with a first connecting tube, which is connected to the suction tube.

[0012] Preferably, a positioning plate is provided at the top of the insertion tube, the suction tube is fixedly connected to the top of the positioning plate, the top of the positioning plate is fixedly connected to the stone removal pipe, and the output end of the slag extractor is provided with a second connecting pipe, which is connected to the stone removal pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the top end of the insertion tube is fixedly connected with a plurality of bolts, the bottom end of the positioning plate is provided with a plurality of sockets, the outer walls of the plurality of bolts are movably connected with the inner walls of the plurality of sockets, and the outer walls of the bolts are threadedly sleeved with nuts.

[0014] Preferably, the inflation mechanism includes an air pump and a ventilation groove, the ventilation groove is opened inside the insertion tube, the outlet of the ventilation groove is set at the bottom of the inner wall of the insertion tube, the inlet of the ventilation groove is fixedly connected with an air inlet pipe, and the output end of the air pump is provided with a third connecting pipe, and the third connecting pipe is connected to the air inlet pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the exhaust mechanism includes a connecting hole, which is opened at the top of the inner wall of the insertion tube, a connecting groove is opened inside the insertion tube, and an exhaust hole is opened at the top of the outer wall of the insertion tube, and the interior of the connecting groove is respectively connected to the interior of the connecting hole and the exhaust hole.

[0016] Preferably, the sealing mechanism includes an annular groove and a rubber ring, the annular groove is provided with an inner wall of the insertion tube, the rubber ring is arranged on the side of the inner wall of the annular groove, a connecting hole is provided between the annular groove and the connecting groove, the inner wall of the connecting groove is slidably connected with a piston column, and a first spring is provided between the bottom end of the piston column and the inner wall of the connecting groove.

[0017] Preferably, the inner wall of the communicating groove is provided with a first movable hole, the inner wall of the first movable hole is movably connected with a first movable rod, the outer wall of the abutting tube is provided with a positioning hole, the position of the positioning hole is relatively relative to the position of the first movable rod, the end of the first movable rod close to the communicating groove is fixedly connected with a hemispherical block, a card slot is provided on one side of the piston column, the inner wall of the card slot is provided with an inclined surface, the inner wall of the first movable hole is provided with a movable groove, the inner wall of the movable groove is slidably connected to a limiting ring, a second spring is provided on one side of the limiting ring, and the second spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the first movable rod.

[0018] Preferably, the filter mechanism includes a fixing plate, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the communicating hole, a plurality of filter holes are opened on one side of the fixing plate, a fixing bar is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the communicating hole, a second movable hole is opened in the middle of the fixing bar, the inner wall of the second movable hole is movably inserted and connected with a second movable rod, one end of the second movable rod is fixedly connected to the movable bar, a plurality of insertion rods are fixedly connected to one side of the movable bar, and the positions of the plurality of insertion rods correspond to the positions of the plurality of filter holes, the other side of the fixing bar is fixedly connected to the outer cover, one end of the outer cover is rotatably connected to the rotating rod, one end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the fan blade, the other end of the second movable rod is opened with a slot, the rotating rod is inserted into the inner wall of the slot, the inner wall of the slot is symmetrically fixedly connected with the first extrusion hemisphere, and the other end of the rotating rod is symmetrically fixedly connected with the second extrusion hemisphere, the end of the second movable rod is fixedly sleeved on the limiting frame, the outer wall of the limiting frame is slidably connected to the inner wall of the outer cover, a third spring is arranged between the limiting frame and the fixing bar, and the third spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the second movable rod.

[0019] The present invention also provides a method for excavating high and thin rock walls in underground caverns of water conservancy and hydropower projects, comprising the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: After the pile hole is excavated, insert the insertion tube into the pile hole until the insertion tube touches the bottom of the pile hole. At this time, the gravel in the pile hole is squeezed into the insertion tube. Then insert the insertion tube into the insertion tube until the positioning plate touches the top of the insertion tube, so that multiple bolts are inserted into the corresponding sockets, and tighten the nuts on the multiple sockets. Then, flange-connect the third connecting pipe on the air pump with the air inlet pipe, flange-connect the first connecting pipe on the slag extractor with the suction pipe, and flange-connect the second connecting pipe on the slag extractor with the stone discharge pipe to complete the assembly of the equipment.

[0021] Step 2: Start the slag extractor, which generates suction in the suction pipe. Under the connection between the guide cover and the push pipe, suction is generated at the bottom of the insertion pipe. At the same time, the air pump is started to blow compressed air into the ventilation groove. The compressed air enters the bottom of the insertion pipe, so that the crushed stone moves upward under the action of compressed air and suction, passes through the push pipe and the suction pipe inside the guide cover, and then enters the interior of the insertion pipe along the first connecting pipe, the slag extractor, the push pipe and the stone discharge pipe, and falls to the top of the guide cover;

[0022] Step 3: Compressed air flows along the suction pipe, the first connecting pipe, the slag extractor, the push pipe and the stone discharge pipe into the connecting hole and into the connecting groove. The gas squeezes the piston rod in the connecting groove, and the piston rod squeezes the first spring so that the air in the connecting groove is compressed until the exhaust hole is connected with the connecting groove. At the same time, the piston rod moves downward, squeezing the air at the bottom of the connecting groove into the connecting hole, and then into the annular groove along the connecting hole, increasing the pressure in the annular groove, so that the rubber ring is inflated and pressed against the outer wall of the push pipe. At the same time, the piston rod moves downward, squeezing the inclined surface against the hemispherical block. The rotation of the rotating rod will cause the second extrusion hemisphere to intermittently squeeze the first extrusion hemisphere, and the third spring will always squeeze the limit frame, so that the second movable rod can move back and forth, so that the insertion rod is continuously inserted into the filter hole, thereby squeezing out the gravel blocked in the filter hole.

[0023] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0024] (1) The present invention utilizes the arrangement of the suction mechanism and the air blowing mechanism so that the compressed gas can enter the bottom of the insertion tube, thereby increasing the tendency of the gravel to move upward, so that the gravel can be stably extracted, and the extracted gravel can be discharged into the interior of the insertion tube and collected at the top of the guide cover, thereby ensuring the stability of the gravel suction and collection;

[0025] (2) The present invention utilizes the setting of the exhaust mechanism, and then through the cooperation of the piston column, the inclined surface, the hemispherical block and the first movable rod, the first movable rod can be inserted into the positioning hole to position the pipe, thereby preventing the falling gravel from hitting the guide cover and generating a large thrust that causes the guide cover to separate from the suction pipe, thereby improving the working stability of the suction mechanism;

[0026] (3) The present invention utilizes the setting of the filter mechanism to prevent the gravel from being discharged through the exhaust mechanism. At the same time, with the cooperation of the fan blades, the rotating rod, the second movable rod, the first squeezing hemisphere and the second squeezing hemisphere, the movable bar drives the multiple insertion rods to move back and forth, thereby squeezing out the gravel stuck in the filter hole and avoiding clogging of the filter mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the abutment tube of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point A.

[0030] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point B.

[0031] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point C.

[0032] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point D.

[0033] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at E.

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotating rod of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 101, insertion tube; 201, push tube; 202, guide cover; 203, suction tube; 204, positioning plate; 205, bolt; 206, socket; 207, nut; 208, slag extractor; 209, first connecting tube; 210, second connecting tube; 211, stone removal tube; 301, ventilation groove; 302, air inlet pipe; 304, air pump; 305, third connecting tube; 401, first movable hole; 402, first movable rod; 403, positioning hole; 501, connecting hole; 502, connecting groove; 503, exhaust hole; 504, piston rod; 505, slot ; 506, inclined plane; 507, hemispherical block; 508, first spring; 509, movable groove; 510, limiting ring; 511, second spring; 601, annular groove; 602, rubber ring; 603, connecting hole; 701, fixing plate; 702, filter hole; 703, movable bar; 704, plug rod; 705, fixing bar; 706, second movable hole; 707, second movable rod; 708, outer cover; 709, rotating rod; 710, fan blade; 711, slot; 712, first extrusion hemisphere; 713, second extrusion hemisphere; 714, limiting frame; 715, third spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The present invention provides Figure 1-8 The device for excavating high and thin rock walls of underground caverns in water conservancy and hydropower projects shown includes:

[0038] Insertion tube 101 is used to be inserted into the pile hole after excavation. After the pile hole is completed, the insertion tube 101 is inserted into the pile hole by an external lifting mechanism until the insertion tube 101 rests against the bottom of the pile hole. At the same time, under the pressure of the insertion tube 101, the gravel in the pile hole is squeezed into the insertion tube 101;

[0039] A suction mechanism is used to extract gravel from the bottom of the inner cavity of the insertion tube 101. The suction mechanism generates suction at the bottom of the insertion tube 101, causing the gravel to tend to move upward;

[0040] The air blowing mechanism is used to blow air and pressurize the bottom of the inner cavity of the insertion tube 101, thereby generating a thrust on the gravel at the bottom of the insertion tube 101, increasing the tendency of the gravel to move upward and improving the suction effect of the suction mechanism;

[0041] Exhaust mechanism, the exhaust mechanism is used to discharge the compressed air generated by the blowing mechanism;

[0042] A filtering mechanism, the filtering mechanism is used to prevent gravel from being discharged from the insertion tube 101 through the exhaust mechanism;

[0043] A sealing mechanism, which is used to seal between the suction mechanism and the insertion tube 101;

[0044] Preferably, the suction mechanism includes a slag extractor 208, an inner wall of the insertion tube 101 is movably connected with an anti-tube 201, a guide cover 202 is provided at the top of the anti-tube 201, and the top of the guide cover 202 is provided with the anti-tube 201. A first connecting pipe 209 is provided at the input end of the slag extractor 208, and the first connecting pipe 209 is connected to the suction pipe 203. When the slag extractor 208 is operated, suction is generated in the suction pipe 203, and then suction is generated at the bottom of the insertion tube 101 through the connection between the guide cover 202 and the anti-tube 201.

[0045] Furthermore, a positioning plate 204 is provided at the top of the insertion tube 101, and the suction tube 203 is fixedly inserted and connected to the top of the positioning plate 204. A stone discharge pipe 211 is fixedly inserted and connected to the top of the positioning plate 204. A second connecting pipe 210 is provided at the output end of the slag extractor 208. The second connecting pipe 210 is connected to the stone discharge pipe 211. The crushed stones sucked up by the slag extractor 208 enter the second connecting pipe 210 through the slag extractor 208, and then fall into the insertion tube 101 through the stone discharge pipe 211. The crushed stones are blocked by the guide cover 202, so that the crushed stones are accumulated at the top of the guide cover 202. After the suction work is completed, the suction tube 203 is moved upward to drive the guide cover 202 to move upward, so that the crushed stones can be moved upward until they are discharged through the top opening of the insertion tube 101.

[0046] Furthermore, the top of the insertion tube 101 is fixedly connected with a plurality of bolts 205, and the bottom end of the positioning plate 204 is provided with a plurality of insertion holes 206. The outer walls of the plurality of bolts 205 are movably connected with the inner walls of the plurality of insertion holes 206, and the outer walls of the bolts 205 are threadedly sleeved with nuts 207. After the push tube 201 is inserted into the insertion tube 101, until the positioning plate 204 reaches the top of the insertion tube 101, the plurality of bolts 205 are inserted into the corresponding insertion holes 206, and the nuts 207 are tightened on the plurality of insertion holes 206, and the first connecting pipe 209 on the slag extractor 208 is flange-connected to the suction pipe 203, and the second connecting pipe 210 on the slag extractor 208 is flange-connected to the stone discharge pipe 211;

[0047] Furthermore, the air blowing mechanism includes an air pump 304 and an air vent 301. The air vent 301 is provided inside the insertion tube 101. The outlet of the air vent 301 is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the insertion tube 101. The inlet of the air vent 301 is fixedly connected with the air inlet pipe 302. The output end of the air pump 304 is provided with a third connecting pipe 305. The third connecting pipe 305 is connected to the air inlet pipe 302, so that the air pump 304 generates compressed gas when it is operated, and the compressed gas is discharged into the bottom of the insertion tube 101, so that the gravel can be stably extracted through the slag extractor 208. The slag extractor 208 and the air pump 304 are respectively electrically connected to the external power supply through an external switch, which is convenient for the operator to control the slag extractor 208 and the air pump 304, thereby improving the safety and convenience of the operation of the slag extractor 208 and the air pump 304.

[0048] Furthermore, the exhaust mechanism includes a connecting hole 501, which is provided at the top of the inner wall of the insertion tube 101. A connecting groove 502 is provided inside the insertion tube 101, and an exhaust hole 503 is provided at the top of the outer wall of the insertion tube 101. The interior of the connecting groove 502 is connected to the interiors of the connecting hole 501 and the exhaust hole 503 respectively. After the compressed air enters the insertion tube 101 through the abutting pipe 201, the guide cover 202, the suction pipe 203, the first connecting pipe 209, the slag extractor 208, the second connecting pipe 210 and the stone discharge pipe 211 in sequence, the compressed gas enters the connecting groove 502 through the connecting hole 501 and is then discharged through the exhaust hole 503.

[0049] Preferably, the sealing mechanism includes an annular groove 601 and a rubber ring 602. The annular groove 601 is provided with an inner wall of the insertion tube 101. The rubber ring 602 is provided on the side of the inner wall of the annular groove 601. A connecting hole 603 is provided between the annular groove 601 and the connecting groove 502. The inner wall of the connecting groove 502 is slidably connected with a piston column 504. A first spring 508 is provided between the bottom end of the piston column 504 and the inner wall of the connecting groove 502. When the compressed gas enters the connecting groove 502 through the connecting hole 501, the piston column 504 in the connecting groove 502 is pressed. The piston rod 504 is squeezed and moves downward until the connecting groove 502 is connected to the exhaust hole 503. The piston rod 504 compresses the first spring 508 during the downward movement. At the same time, the air at the bottom of the connecting groove 502 is squeezed during the downward movement of the piston rod 504, and the air is pressed into the connecting hole 603 and into the annular groove 601 along the connecting hole 603, so that the rubber ring 602 bulges and fits tightly against the push tube 201, thereby sealing the space between the push tube 201 and the insertion tube 101 and preventing the air from being discharged through the push tube 201 and the insertion tube 101.

[0050] Furthermore, a first movable hole 401 is provided on the inner wall of the connecting groove 502, and a first movable rod 402 is movably inserted into the inner wall of the first movable hole 401. A positioning hole 403 is provided on the outer wall of the abutting tube 201. The positioning hole 403 is positioned relatively to the first movable rod 402. A hemispherical block 507 is fixedly connected to one end of the first movable rod 402 close to the connecting groove 502. A slot 505 is provided on one side of the piston column 504. An inclined surface 506 is provided on the inner wall of the slot 505. A movable groove 509 is provided on the inner wall of the first movable hole 401. The inner wall is slidably connected to a limit ring 510. A second spring 511 is provided on one side of the limit ring 510. The second spring 511 is sleeved on the outer wall of the first movable rod 402. When the piston column 504 moves down through the layer, the inclined surface 506 squeezes the hemispherical block 507, causing the hemispherical block 507 to move, thereby inserting the first movable rod 402 into the positioning hole 403. The pipe 201 can be positioned to prevent falling debris from hitting the guide cover 202 and generating a large thrust that causes the guide cover 202 to separate from the suction pipe 203, thereby improving the stability of the suction mechanism.

[0051] Preferably, the filtering mechanism includes a fixing plate 701, the fixing plate 701 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting hole 501, a plurality of filter holes 702 are opened on one side of the fixing plate 701, a fixing bar 705 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting hole 501, a second movable hole 706 is opened in the middle of the fixing bar 705, a second movable rod 707 is movably inserted and connected to the inner wall of the second movable hole 706, one end of the second movable rod 707 is fixedly connected to the movable bar 703, a plurality of plug rods 704 are fixedly connected to one side of the movable bar 703, and the plurality of plug rods 704 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting hole 501. The position corresponds to the position of the plurality of filter holes 702. The other side of the fixing bar 705 is fixedly connected to the outer cover 708. One end of the outer cover 708 is rotatably connected to the rotating rod 709. One end of the rotating rod 709 is fixedly connected to the fan blade 710. The other end of the second movable rod 707 is provided with a slot 711. The rotating rod 709 is inserted into the inner wall of the slot 711. The inner wall of the slot 711 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the first extrusion hemisphere 712. The other end of the rotating rod 709 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the second extrusion hemisphere 713. The end of the second movable rod 707 is fixed. The limiting frame 714 is sleeved, and the outer wall of the limiting frame 714 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the outer cover 708. A third spring 715 is provided between the limiting frame 714 and the fixing bar 705. The third spring 715 is sleeved on the outer wall of the second movable rod 707. At the same time, when the gas enters the connecting hole 501, it will drive the fan blade 710 to rotate. The rotation of the fan blade 710 drives the rotating rod 709 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating rod 709 will cause the second extrusion hemisphere 713 to intermittently squeeze the first extrusion hemisphere 712, and the third spring 715 will always squeeze the limiting frame 714. The pressure is applied to the second movable rod 707 so that the second movable rod 707 can move back and forth, thereby allowing the insertion rod 704 to be continuously inserted into the filter hole 702, thereby squeezing out the gravel blocked in the filter hole 702. The inner wall of the outer cover 708 limits the limit frame 714, so that the limit frame 714 cannot rotate in the outer cover 708, thereby preventing the second movable rod 707 from rotating. The plurality of filter holes 702 can be arranged in a cross shape as a whole, and the movable bar 703 is also arranged in a cross shape, so that the compressed gas can be stably blown to the fan blades 710 to drive the fan blades 710 to rotate;

[0052] The present invention also provides a method for excavating high and thin rock walls in underground caverns of water conservancy and hydropower projects, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: After the pile hole is excavated, the insertion tube 101 is inserted into the pile hole until the insertion tube 101 is against the bottom of the pile hole. At this time, the gravel in the pile hole is squeezed into the insertion tube 101, and then the push tube 201 is inserted into the insertion tube 101 until the positioning plate 204 is against the top of the insertion tube 101, so that multiple bolts 205 are inserted into the corresponding sockets 206, and the nuts 207 are tightened on the multiple sockets 206. Then, the third connecting pipe 305 on the air pump 304 is flange-connected with the air inlet pipe 302, and the first connecting pipe 209 on the slag extractor 208 is flange-connected with the suction pipe 203, and the second connecting pipe 210 on the slag extractor 208 is flange-connected with the stone discharge pipe 211, and the equipment assembly is completed;

[0054] Step 2: Start the slag extractor 208. The slag extractor 208 generates suction in the suction pipe 203. Under the connection between the guide cover 202 and the push pipe 201, suction is generated at the bottom of the insertion pipe 101. At the same time, the air pump 304 is started to blow compressed air into the ventilation groove 301. The compressed air enters the bottom of the insertion pipe 101, so that the crushed stones move upward under the action of the compressed air and suction, and pass through the push pipe 201 and the suction pipe 203 in the guide cover 202. Then, along the first connecting pipe 209, the slag extractor 208, the push pipe 201 and the stone discharge pipe 211, they enter the interior of the insertion pipe 101 and fall to the top of the guide cover 202.

[0055] Step 3: Compressed air flows along the suction pipe 203, the first connecting pipe 209, the slag extractor 208, the push pipe 201 and the stone discharge pipe 211 into the connecting hole 501 and into the connecting groove 502. The gas squeezes the piston column 504 in the connecting groove 502. The piston column 504 squeezes the first spring 508 so that the air in the connecting groove 502 is compressed until the exhaust hole 503 is connected with the connecting groove 502. At the same time, the piston column 504 moves downward, squeezing the air at the bottom of the connecting groove 502 into the connecting hole 603, and then squeezing it into the annular groove 601 along the connecting hole 603, so that the pressure in the annular groove 601 increases, which can make the rubber ring 602 inflated and close to the outer wall of the push pipe 201. At the same time, the piston column 504 moves downward, so that the inclined surface 506 is split in half. The ball block 507 is squeezed, thereby causing the first movable rod 402 to move. The movement of the first movable rod 402 drives the limit ring 510 to move, causing the second spring 511 to be compressed until the first movable rod 402 is inserted into the positioning hole 403, so that the abutment tube 201 in the insertion tube 101 can be positioned. At the same time, when the gas enters the connecting hole 501, it will drive the fan blade 710 to rotate. The rotation of the fan blade 710 drives the rotating rod 709 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating rod 709 will cause the second squeezing hemisphere 713 to intermittently squeeze the first squeezing hemisphere 712, and the third spring 715 keeps squeezing the limit frame 714, so that the second movable rod 707 can move back and forth, so that the insertion rod 704 is continuously inserted into the filter hole 702, thereby squeezing out the gravel blocked in the filter hole 702.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high and thin rock wall excavation equipment for underground caverns of water conservancy and hydropower projects, characterized by: include: An insertion tube (101), the insertion tube (101) being used for being inserted into the excavated pile hole; A suction mechanism, the suction mechanism being used to extract gravel from the bottom of the inner cavity of the insertion tube (101); An air blowing mechanism, the air blowing mechanism being used to blow air and pressurize the bottom of the inner cavity of the insertion tube (101); An exhaust mechanism, the exhaust mechanism being used to discharge the compressed air generated by the inflation mechanism; A filtering mechanism, the filtering mechanism being used to prevent gravel from being discharged from the insertion tube (101) through the exhaust mechanism; A sealing mechanism is provided, wherein the sealing mechanism is used to seal between the suction mechanism and the insertion tube (101).

2. The high and thin rock wall excavation equipment for underground caverns of water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The suction mechanism comprises a slag extractor (208), the inner wall of the insertion tube (101) is movably connected with a push-on tube (201), the top end of the push-on tube (201) is provided with a guide cover (202), the top end of the guide cover (202) is provided with a push-on tube (201), and the input end of the slag extractor (208) is provided with a first connecting tube (209), which is connected to the suction tube (203).

3. The high and thin rock wall excavation equipment for underground caverns of water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The top end of the insertion tube (101) is provided with a positioning plate (204), the suction tube (203) is fixedly inserted and connected to the top end of the positioning plate (204), the top end of the positioning plate (204) is fixedly inserted and connected to a stone removal pipe (211), and the output end of the slag extractor (208) is provided with a second connecting pipe (210), and the second connecting pipe (210) is connected to the stone removal pipe (211).

4. The high and thin rock wall excavation equipment for underground caverns of water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The top end of the insertion tube (101) is fixedly connected with a plurality of bolts (205), and the bottom end of the positioning plate (204) is provided with a plurality of insertion holes (206). The outer walls of the plurality of bolts (205) are movably connected with the inner walls of the plurality of insertion holes (206), and the outer walls of the bolts (205) are threadedly sleeved with nuts (207).

5. The high and thin rock wall excavation equipment for underground caverns of water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inflation mechanism comprises an air pump (304) and a ventilation groove (301), wherein the ventilation groove (301) is provided inside the insertion tube (101), the outlet of the ventilation groove (301) is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the insertion tube (101), the inlet of the ventilation groove (301) is fixedly connected with an air intake pipe (302), and the output end of the air pump (304) is provided with a third connecting pipe (305), and the third connecting pipe (305) is connected to the air intake pipe (302).

6. The high and thin rock wall excavation equipment for underground caverns of water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 2, characterized in that: The exhaust mechanism comprises a connecting hole (501), the connecting hole (501) is opened at the top of the inner wall of the insertion tube (101), a connecting groove (502) is opened inside the insertion tube (101), an exhaust hole (503) is opened at the top of the outer wall of the insertion tube (101), and the interior of the connecting groove (502) is respectively connected to the interiors of the connecting hole (501) and the exhaust hole (503).

7. The high and thin rock wall excavation equipment for underground caverns of water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sealing mechanism comprises an annular groove (601) and a rubber ring (602); the annular groove (601) is provided with an inner wall of the insertion tube (101); the rubber ring (602) is arranged on the side of the inner wall of the annular groove (601); a connecting hole (603) is provided between the annular groove (601) and the connecting groove (502); a piston column (504) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting groove (502); and a first spring (508) is provided between the bottom end of the piston column (504) and the inner wall of the connecting groove (502).

8. The high and thin rock wall excavation equipment for underground caverns of water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner wall of the connecting groove (502) is provided with a first movable hole (401), and the inner wall of the first movable hole (401) is movably connected with a first movable rod (402). The outer wall of the abutting tube (201) is provided with a positioning hole (403), and the position of the positioning hole (403) is relatively large with respect to the position of the first movable rod (402). One end of the first movable rod (402) close to the connecting groove (502) is fixedly connected with a hemispherical block (507). A clamping groove (505) is provided on one side of the piston column (504), and an inclined surface (506) is provided on the inner wall of the clamping groove (505). A movable groove (509) is provided on the inner wall of the first movable hole (401), and the inner wall of the movable groove (509) is slidably connected with a limiting ring (510). A second spring (511) is provided on one side of the limiting ring (510), and the second spring (511) is sleeved on the outer wall of the first movable rod (402).

9. The high and thin rock wall excavation equipment for underground caverns of water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filtering mechanism comprises a fixing plate (701), the fixing plate (701) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the communicating hole (501), a plurality of filter holes (702) are provided on one side of the fixing plate (701), a fixing bar (705) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the communicating hole (501), a second movable hole (706) is provided in the middle of the fixing bar (705), a second movable rod (707) is movably inserted and connected to the inner wall of the second movable hole (706), one end of the second movable rod (707) is fixedly connected to the movable bar (703), a plurality of insertion rods (704) are fixedly connected to one side of the movable bar (703), the positions of the plurality of insertion rods (704) correspond to the positions of the plurality of filter holes (702), the other side of the fixing bar (705) is fixedly connected to the outer cover (708), the outer cover (709) is fixedly connected to the outer cover (710), and the outer cover (709) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second movable hole (706). 08), one end of the rotating rod (709) is rotatably connected to a rotating rod (709), one end of the rotating rod (709) is fixedly connected to a fan blade (710), the other end of the second movable rod (707) is provided with a slot (711), the rotating rod (709) is inserted into the inner wall of the slot (711), the inner wall of the slot (711) is symmetrically fixedly connected to a first extrusion hemisphere (712), the other end of the rotating rod (709) is symmetrically fixedly connected to a second extrusion hemisphere (713), the end of the second movable rod (707) is fixedly sleeved on a limit frame (714), the outer wall of the limit frame (714) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the outer cover (708), a third spring (715) is provided between the limit frame (714) and the fixed bar (705), and the third spring (715) is sleeved on the outer wall of the second movable rod (707).

10. A method for excavating high and thin rock walls in underground caverns of water conservancy and hydropower projects according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: After the pile hole is excavated, the insertion tube (101) is inserted into the pile hole until the insertion tube (101) is against the bottom of the pile hole. At this time, the gravel in the pile hole is squeezed into the insertion tube (101), and then the push tube (201) is inserted into the insertion tube (101) until the positioning plate (204) is against the top of the insertion tube (101), so that multiple bolts (205) are inserted into the corresponding sockets (206), and nuts (207) are tightened on the multiple sockets (206). Then, the third connecting tube (305) on the air pump (304) is flange-connected with the air inlet pipe (302), and the first connecting tube (209) on the slag extractor (208) is flange-connected with the suction pipe (203), and the second connecting tube (210) on the slag extractor (208) is flange-connected with the stone discharge pipe (211), and the equipment is assembled; Step 2: Start the slag extractor (208), which generates suction in the suction pipe (203) and generates suction at the bottom of the insertion pipe (101) under the connection between the guide cover (202) and the push pipe (201). At the same time, start the air pump (304), so that the air pump (304) blows compressed air into the ventilation groove (301). The compressed air enters the bottom of the insertion pipe (101), so that the crushed stone moves upward under the action of the compressed air and the suction force, and passes through the push pipe (201) and the guide cover (202) into the suction pipe (203), and then enters the interior of the insertion pipe (101) along the first connecting pipe (209), the slag extractor (208), the push pipe (201) and the stone discharge pipe (211), and falls to the top of the guide cover (202); Step 3: Compressed air flows along the suction pipe (203), the first connecting pipe (209), the slag extractor (208), the push pipe (201) and the stone discharge pipe (211) into the communicating hole (501) and into the communicating groove (502). The gas squeezes the piston column (504) in the communicating groove (502). The squeezing of the piston column (504) compresses the first spring (508) until the exhaust hole (503) is connected to the communicating groove (502). The gas in the connecting groove (502) is discharged, and at the same time, the piston rod (504) moves downward, which squeezes the air at the bottom of the connecting groove (502) into the connecting hole (603), and then squeezes it into the annular groove (601) along the connecting hole (603), so that the pressure in the annular groove (601) increases, which can make the rubber ring (602) inflated and close to the outer wall of the tube (201). At the same time, the piston rod (504) moves downward, so that the inclined surface (506) The hemisphere block (507) is squeezed, thereby causing the first movable rod (402) to move. The movement of the first movable rod (402) drives the limiting ring (510) to move, causing the second spring (511) to be compressed until the first movable rod (402) is inserted into the positioning hole (403). The abutment tube (201) in the insertion tube (101) can be positioned. At the same time, when the gas enters the connecting hole (501), the fan blade (710) is driven to rotate. The rotation of the fan blade (710) drives the rotating rod (709) to rotate. The rotation of the rotating rod (709) causes the second squeezing hemisphere (713) to intermittently squeeze the first squeezing hemisphere (712). The third spring (715) continuously squeezes the limiting frame (714), allowing the second movable rod (707) to move back and forth, thereby causing the insertion rod (704) to continuously insert into the filter hole (702), thereby squeezing out the gravel blocked in the filter hole (702).

Images