Anti-fatigue wind driven generator blade structure based on flexible material

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of generator blades, and particularly discloses an anti-fatigue wind driven generator blade structure based on a flexible material, which comprises a mounting element, and the mounting element comprises a blade body; the blocking element is located on the side wall of the blade body, the blocking element comprises a plurality of exhaust notches formed in the blade body, and the blocking element selectively closes or opens the exhaust notches under the action of wind pressure; the cleaning element is located on the side wall of the blade body, intelligent opening and closing of the air exhaust notch are achieved through dynamic balance of spring pre-tightening force and air pressure, and the complete pneumatic appearance of the blade is maintained; the situation that due to the linear characteristic of a continuous pneumatic connection spring caused by traditional fixed hole opening, the drainage area and the air pressure are in positive correlation is avoided, accurate adjustment of the pressure relief threshold value within the range can be achieved, and due to the flexible contact design of a plugging column and an exhaust notch, the environment self-adaption capacity of microcracks caused by rigid impact is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of generator blades, in particular to a fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials. Background Art

[0002] Wind turbine blades are the core components of wind energy conversion systems, and their performance directly impacts power generation efficiency and equipment lifespan. Traditional blades are mostly made of rigid materials (such as glass fiber reinforced composites). While these materials offer high strength, they are susceptible to structural fatigue and stress concentration in strong winds or turbulent conditions, leading to crack propagation and even breakage. Furthermore, existing blades are mostly one-piece designs lacking effective dynamic pressure relief mechanisms. When subjected to extreme wind loads, excessive wind pressure can directly damage the blade structure, increasing maintenance costs and safety risks.

[0003] To solve the above problems, some improvement plans have proposed flexible material blades or local opening designs, but the existing opening structures are mostly fixed and cannot dynamically adjust the discharge volume according to the wind pressure, resulting in a decrease in aerodynamic efficiency at low wind speeds and the risk of structural overload in strong winds; the connection between the flexible blades and the tower is prone to loosening due to dynamic loads and lacks multi-stage clamping and elastic buffering design. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing opening structure of wind turbine blades is mostly fixed, and the leakage flow cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the wind pressure, resulting in a decrease in aerodynamic efficiency at low wind speeds.

[0005] The above technical problem is solved by the following technical solution: The present invention proposes a fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials, which includes a mounting element, and the mounting element includes a blade body;

[0006] a blocking element, the blocking element being located on a side wall of the blade body, the blocking element comprising a plurality of exhaust recesses formed on the blade body, the blocking element selectively closing or opening the exhaust recesses under the action of wind pressure; and

[0007] A cleaning element is located on the side wall of the blade body.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials described in the present invention: the mounting element includes a mounting seat arranged at the end of the blade body, a mounting rod is provided at the bottom end of the mounting seat, and a mounting groove is provided in the triangular area of ​​the mounting seat, and the blade body is connected by a first fixing bolt.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials described in the present invention: a support frame is provided at the lower end of the blade body, the end of the support frame is connected to the mounting rod, a connecting groove is provided in the center of the mounting seat, and a movable clamping assembly is provided inside the connecting groove for clamping the blade body.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials of the present invention: the clamping assembly includes a first motor mounted on a fixing block arranged in the connecting groove, and the first motor drives a one-way screw.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials described in the present invention: the one-way screw is fixed by a bearing seat and is threadedly connected to a sliding block, a limit block is provided on the top of the sliding block, and the limit block passes through the connecting groove and abuts against the blade body.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials described in the present invention: the side wall of the mounting rod is provided with a connecting sleeve, the outer end of which is provided with a second mounting plate, and the second mounting plate is connected to the support frame through a second fixing bolt.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials described in the present invention: the blocking element also includes a blocking column arranged at the bottom of the blade body, the blocking column is located at the top of the connecting plate, a connecting recess is opened on one side of the support frame, and the connecting plate is placed in the connecting recess.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials described in the present invention: a fixing rod is installed at the bottom end of the blade body, and the fixing rod is slidably connected to the connecting plate. A connecting spring is sleeved on the fixing rod, and the two ends of the connecting spring are respectively connected to the connecting plate and the blade body. A first mounting plate is provided at the bottom of the mounting rod, and connecting blocks are provided at the four corners of the first mounting plate, and a mounting block with a mounting hole is provided at the outer end of the connecting block.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials described in the present invention: the cleaning element includes a sealing cover arranged at the opening of the connecting groove, a driving rotating rod is installed in the sealing cover, and the outer end of the rotating rod is connected to a rotating frame with a cleaning brush.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials described in the present invention: a second motor is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the sealing cover, the second motor drives a driving gear, the driving gear engages a driven gear, and the driven gear is connected to a rotating rod.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: through the dynamic balance between the spring preload and the wind pressure, the intelligent opening and closing of the exhaust recess is realized, the complete aerodynamic shape of the blade is maintained, and the continuous pneumatic connection caused by the traditional fixed opening is avoided. The linear characteristics of the spring make the discharge area positively correlated with the wind pressure, and the precise adjustment of the pressure relief threshold within the range can be achieved. The flexible contact design of the sealing column and the exhaust recess avoids the microcracks caused by rigid impact and has the ability to adapt to the environment. The blade body is clamped and installed by the clamping assembly installed inside the installation groove, and the blade body is strengthened in conjunction with the support frame, so that the installed blade body can be guaranteed to be stably supported, thereby facilitating the fixed installation of the blade body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Among them:

[0019] Figure 1 The overall three-dimensional structural diagram of the fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials is shown;

[0020] Figure 2 A top view of a fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials is shown;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure inside the connection groove of a fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials is shown;

[0022] Figure 4 A front cross-sectional view of a fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials is shown;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point C in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The terms used in the present invention are those commonly used in the art in view of the functions of the present invention, but these terms may vary according to the intentions of those skilled in the art, precedents, or new technologies in the art. In addition, specific terms may be selected by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the present invention. Therefore, the terms used in the specification should not be understood as simple names, but rather as the meanings of the terms and the overall description of the present invention.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 This embodiment provides a fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials, including: during normal power generation, the mounting element 1 provides stable support, the blocking element 2 maintains sealing, and the cleaning element 3 operates intermittently; when encountering strong winds, the blocking element 2 starts pressure relief first, and the clamping component 18 of the mounting element 1 automatically increases the clamping force; when the wind recovers, each element automatically resets, and the cleaning element 3 accelerates the removal of foreign matter that enters during the pressure relief process.

[0027] The mounting element 1 includes a blade body 11, a mounting seat 12 and a mounting rod 13 forming a main load-bearing frame. The root of the blade body 11 is fixed by a mounting groove 14 and a first fixing bolt 15. The support frame 16 forms a triangular stable structure, which transfers the blade load to the mounting rod 13 to prevent excessive deformation of the flexible blade.

[0028] The blocking element 2 is located on the side wall of the blade body 11. The blocking element 2 includes a plurality of exhaust recesses 21 opened on the blade body 11. The blocking element 2 selectively closes or opens the exhaust recesses 21 under the action of wind pressure; and the cleaning element 3 is located on the side wall of the blade body 11.

[0029] When the wind speed is less than the set threshold, the connecting spring 25 pushes the blocking column 22 to completely close the exhaust recess 21, maintaining the complete aerodynamic shape of the blade. When the wind speed is greater than the set threshold, the wind pressure overcomes the spring force to push open the blocking column 22, and the airflow escapes through the exhaust recess 21 (the pressure relief efficiency is positively correlated with the total area of ​​the recess). After the wind pressure decreases, the spring force drives the blocking column 22 to reseal the recess. The entire process does not require external control.

[0030] Maintenance requires that the second motor 35 drives the rotating frame 34 to perform circular motion through the gear set, and the cleaning brush 33 removes attachments on the surface of the blade by contact cleaning. Periodic operation prevents the accumulation of dust, ice and snow, and maintains the surface smoothness of the blade (roughness Ra≤3.2μm). The sealing cover 31 forms an IP54 protection level to ensure that the driving components can operate reliably in harsh environments.

[0031] Reference Figure 1-Figure 5 As an optional embodiment, the mounting element 1 includes a mounting seat 12 arranged at the end of the blade body 11, a mounting rod 13 is provided at the bottom end of the mounting seat 12, a mounting groove 14 is opened in the triangular area of ​​the mounting seat 12, and the blade body 11 is connected by a first fixing bolt 15.

[0032] A support frame 16 is provided at the lower end of the blade body 11 , and the end of the support frame 16 is connected to the mounting rod 13 . A connecting groove 17 is provided in the center of the mounting seat 12 , and a movable clamping assembly 18 is provided inside the connecting groove 17 for clamping the blade body 11 .

[0033] The clamping assembly 18 includes a first motor 182 mounted on a fixed block 181 disposed within the connecting groove 17. The first motor 182 drives a one-way screw 183. The one-way screw 183 is fixed by a bearing seat 184 and is threadedly connected to a sliding block 185. A limit block 186 is provided on the top of the sliding block 185. The limit block 186 passes through the connecting groove 17 and abuts the blade body 11.

[0034] A connecting sleeve 19 is provided on the side wall of the mounting rod 13 , and a second mounting plate A is provided on the outer end thereof. The second mounting plate A is connected to the support frame 16 via a second fixing bolt.

[0035] The root of the blade body 11 is rigidly connected through the triangular area mounting groove 14 of the mounting seat 12 and the first fixing bolt 15. The support frame 16 constitutes a triangular stable frame. A force conduction path is formed through the second mounting plate A and the second fixing bolt and the mounting rod 13. The mobile clamping assembly 18 provides an adjustable radial clamping force. After the first motor 182 is started, it drives the one-way screw 183 to rotate. The rotating one-way screw 183 pushes the sliding block 185 to move axially. The sliding block 185 drives the limit block 186 to extend radially, and the clamping force applied to the blade body 11. The clamping assembly maintains the basic clamping force to ensure the blade positioning. The control system increases the motor power to resist wind vibration. The motor reverses to release the clamping, and the limit block 186 retracts into the connecting groove 17.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 In one embodiment provided in the present application, the blocking element 2 also includes a blocking column 22 arranged at the bottom of the blade body 11, the blocking column 22 is located at the top of the connecting plate 23, a connecting recess B is opened on one side of the support frame 16, and the connecting plate 23 is placed in the connecting recess B.

[0037] A fixing rod 24 is installed at the bottom end of the blade body 11, and the fixing rod 24 is slidably connected to the connecting plate 23. A connecting spring 25 is sleeved on the fixing rod 24, and the two ends of the connecting spring 25 are respectively connected to the connecting plate 23 and the blade body 11. A first mounting plate 29 is provided at the bottom of the mounting rod 13, and connecting blocks 26 are provided at the four corners of the first mounting plate 29. A mounting block 28 with a mounting hole 27 is provided at the outer end of the connecting block 26.

[0038] The pre-tightening force of the connecting spring 25 (elastic coefficient 50-80N / mm) pushes the connecting plate 23, so that the blocking column 22 is completely embedded in the exhaust recess 21, forming an airtight seal (leakage rate <0.5%)

[0039] When wind pressure exceeds a set threshold (≥800Pa), the airflow pressure overcomes the spring force, pushing the blocking column 22 axially along the fixed rod 24 (stroke 10-15mm), opening the pressure relief channel. The compression of the connecting spring 25 changes linearly with the wind pressure, achieving continuous adjustment of the relief area. The sliding fit between the fixed rod 24 and the connecting plate 23 ensures a precise movement trajectory. When the wind pressure decreases, the spring force drives the blocking column 22 to automatically reset, with a reset time of less than 0.5s.

[0040] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 In one embodiment provided in the present application, the cleaning element 3 includes a sealing cover 31 arranged at the opening of the connecting groove 17, a driving rotating rod 32 is installed in the sealing cover 31, and the outer end of the rotating rod 32 is connected to a rotating frame 34 with a cleaning brush 33.

[0041] A second motor 35 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the sealing cover 31 . The second motor 35 drives a driving gear 36 . The driving gear 36 engages with a driven gear 37 . The driven gear 37 is connected to the rotating rod 32 .

[0042] It should be noted that the blade body 11 rotates to generate electricity under normal wind pressure. At this time, the blocking column 22 is tightly attached to the exhaust recess 21 under the elastic force of the connecting spring 25, forming a sealed state to ensure that the aerodynamic efficiency of the blade is maximized. When encountering strong winds, the wind pressure pushes the blocking column 22 through the exhaust recess 21, overcoming the elastic force of the connecting spring 25 and separating the blocking column 22 from the exhaust recess 21. The strong wind airflow escapes from the exhaust recess 21, reducing the surface pressure of the blade and preventing the flexible blade from being damaged by overload fatigue. The blade body 11 is rigidly connected to the mounting seat 12 through the mounting groove 14 and the first fixing bolt 15, and the support frame 16 is further reinforced with the mounting rod 13 by the second fixing bolt to form a dual stable structure. The first motor 182 drives the one-way screw 183 to rotate, driving the sliding block 185 and the limit block 186 to move radially, so that the limit block 186 presses the top of the blade body 11 to prevent the blade from loosening under rotation or strong wind. A second motor 35 drives the rotating rod 32 via a driving gear 36 and a driven gear 37, which in turn drives the rotating frame 34 and cleaning brush 33 to slide along the blade surface, removing dust and ice and maintaining the blade's aerodynamic performance. A sealing cover 31 protects the drive assembly motor and gears from wind and rain, extending their service life.

[0043] Finally, it should be pointed out that the methods and devices described in detail above are merely embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials, characterized by: include, A mounting element (1), the mounting element (1) comprising a blade body (11); a blocking element (2), the blocking element (2) being located on a side wall of the blade body (11), the blocking element (2) comprising a plurality of exhaust recesses (21) formed on the blade body (11), the blocking element (2) selectively closing or opening the exhaust recesses (21) under the action of wind pressure; and A cleaning element (3) is located on the side wall of the blade body (11).

2. The fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting element (1) comprises a mounting seat (12) arranged at the end of the blade body (11); a mounting rod (13) is provided at the bottom end of the mounting seat (12); a mounting groove (14) is provided in a triangular area of ​​the mounting seat (12), and the blade body (11) is connected via a first fixing bolt (15).

3. The fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: A support frame (16) is provided at the lower end of the blade body (11), the end of the support frame (16) is connected to the mounting rod (13), a connecting groove (17) is provided at the center of the mounting seat (12), and a movable clamping assembly (18) is provided inside the connecting groove (17) for clamping the blade body (11).

4. The fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (18) comprises a fixing block (181) disposed in the connecting groove (17) on which a first motor (182) is mounted, and the first motor (182) drives a one-way screw (183).

5. The fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The one-way screw (183) is fixed by a bearing seat (184) and is threadedly connected to a sliding block (185). A limit block (186) is provided on the top of the sliding block (185). The limit block (186) passes through the connecting groove (17) and abuts against the blade body (11).

6. The fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side wall of the mounting rod (13) is provided with a connecting sleeve (19), the outer end of which is provided with a second mounting plate (A), and the second mounting plate (A) is connected to the support frame (16) via a second fixing bolt.

7. The fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: The blocking element (2) further comprises a blocking column (22) arranged at the bottom of the blade body (11), the blocking column (22) being located at the top end of the connecting plate (23), a connecting recess (B) being provided on one side of the support frame (16), and the connecting plate (23) being placed in the connecting recess (B).

8. The fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: A fixing rod (24) is installed at the bottom end of the blade body (11), and the fixing rod (24) is slidably connected to the connecting plate (23). A connecting spring (25) is sleeved on the fixing rod (24), and the two ends of the connecting spring (25) are respectively connected to the connecting plate (23) and the blade body (11). A first mounting plate (29) is provided at the bottom of the mounting rod (13), and connecting blocks (26) are provided at the four corners of the first mounting plate (29). The outer end of the connecting block (26) is provided with a mounting block (28) with a mounting hole (27).

9. The fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cleaning element (3) comprises a sealing cover (31) arranged at the opening of the connecting groove (17), a driving rotating rod (32) is installed in the sealing cover (31), and the outer end of the rotating rod (32) is connected to a rotating frame (34) with a cleaning brush (33).

10. The fatigue-resistant wind turbine blade structure based on flexible materials according to claim 9, characterized in that: A second motor (35) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the sealing cover (31), the second motor (35) drives a driving gear (36), the driving gear (36) engages with a driven gear (37), and the driven gear (37) is connected to a rotating rod (32).

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