Experimental device for measuring performance of liquid metal

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of liquid metal measurement, and particularly discloses an experimental device for measuring liquid metal performance, which comprises a transmission imaging assembly, a vacuum assembly, a liquid metal loading assembly, a temperature sensor, a heating assembly and a cooling assembly, the liquid metal loading assembly is used for loading liquid metal, the vacuum assembly is used for providing a vacuum environment for the liquid metal during an experiment, the heating assembly is connected with the liquid metal loading assembly, the temperature sensor is arranged right opposite to the liquid metal loading assembly, the transmission imaging assembly is arranged right opposite to the vacuum assembly, and the cooling assembly is connected with the liquid metal loading assembly. According to the invention, the thermal conductivity of the liquid metal can be detected at different temperatures and different film thicknesses, and the influence of temperature rise change on the form of the liquid metal can be detected; detecting the contact thermal resistance of the liquid metal; and the dripping conditions of the liquid metal under different working conditions are detected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of liquid metal measurement, in particular to an experimental device for measuring liquid metal properties. Background Art

[0002] As electronic devices continue to miniaturize and integrate, the heat flux density per unit area is increasing dramatically. The inability to effectively dissipate heat can lead to decreased device performance, shortened lifespan, and even malfunction. As the key medium connecting heat-generating devices and heat sinks, the performance of thermal interface materials (TIMs) directly impacts heat dissipation, and contact thermal resistance is a key performance indicator for measuring TIMs.

[0003] Liquid metal, with its excellent properties such as high thermal conductivity and low viscosity, has become a highly promising new generation of thermal interface materials. For example, the thermal conductivity of gallium-based liquid metal can reach 20-30W / (m•K), which is much higher than traditional thermal interface materials such as silicone grease. It can effectively reduce contact thermal resistance and improve heat dissipation efficiency. However, in actual use, the thermal conductivity of liquid metal varies at different film thicknesses and temperatures, and its contact thermal resistance exhibits a complex variation pattern. At the same time, it may detach from the thermal interface under the action of gravity. Liquid metals such as indium gallium solutions undergo infiltration reactions with high thermal conductivity solid metals such as copper and aluminum, making them embrittled and causing damage to the device. Existing test equipment on the market is difficult to fully and accurately simulate actual working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an experimental device for measuring the properties of liquid metal, which can detect the thermal conductivity of liquid metal at different temperatures and different film thicknesses, detect the impact of temperature rise changes on the morphology of liquid metal; detect the contact thermal resistance of liquid metal; and detect the situation when liquid metal drips under different working conditions.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: An experimental device for measuring the properties of liquid metal, comprising a transmission imaging component, a vacuum component, a liquid metal loading component, a temperature sensor, a heating component and a cooling component, wherein the liquid metal loading component is connected to the vacuum component and is used to load liquid metal, and the vacuum component is used to provide a vacuum environment for the liquid metal during experiments, the heating component is connected to the liquid metal loading component and is used to heat the liquid metal in the liquid metal loading component, the temperature sensor is arranged opposite the liquid metal loading component and is used to detect the temperature of the liquid metal in the liquid metal loading component, the transmission imaging component is arranged opposite the vacuum component and is used to image the liquid metal in the liquid metal loading component, and the cooling component is connected to the liquid metal loading component and is used to cool the liquid metal loading component.

[0006] In a further solution, the vacuum component includes a box body and an exhaust component. The interior of the box body has a cavity, the liquid metal loading component is located in the cavity, the exhaust component is connected to one side of the box body, the exhaust component is used to vacuum the cavity, and a terminal interface is provided on the box body, and the terminal interface is used for wiring the temperature sensor and the heating component.

[0007] In a further solution, the vacuum assembly includes a knob, a flange tube, a vacuum cylinder, a pipe joint, a sealing assembly, a pull rod and a plug. One end of the pipe joint is connected to the box body, and the other end of the pipe joint is connected to one end of the vacuum cylinder. One end of the pull rod is slidably connected in the vacuum cylinder and is detachably connected to the plug. The other end of the pull rod extends out of the vacuum cylinder and is connected to the knob. The sliding distance between the pull rod and the vacuum cylinder is limited by the length of the slide groove set between the two. The plug is slidably connected in the channel connecting the pipe joint and the box body, and is limited to the pipe joint by the step in the pipe joint. The flange pipe is connected to the middle part of the vacuum cylinder. The two sides of the sealing assembly are respectively connected to the pull rod and the other end of the vacuum cylinder. The sealing assembly is used for sliding sealing between the pull rod and the vacuum cylinder.

[0008] In a further solution, the pipe joint includes a threaded tube, a locking nut and a sealing gasket. The locking nut is slidably connected to the end of the vacuum cylinder away from the knob, and is slidably limited by the protrusions and slide grooves set between the locking nut and the vacuum cylinder. The sealing gasket is set on the end face of the slide groove inside the vacuum cylinder. One end of the threaded tube is sealed with the box body, and the other end is threadedly connected to the locking nut, and is sealed with the end of the vacuum cylinder away from the knob through the sealing gasket. The plug is slidably connected in the threaded tube and is slidably sealed by the O-ring between the two.

[0009] In a further solution, the cooling assembly includes a water-cooled cover plate, an adjusting rod, a heat conducting belt, a pressure plate and a limiting structure. The water-cooled cover plate is provided with a water-cooling channel, and the water-cooling channel is connected in series with a water inlet and a water outlet. The water-cooled cover plate is used to seal the end of the box body. The adjusting rod passes through the water-cooled cover plate and extends into the box body. One end of the adjusting rod extending into the box body is connected to the pressure plate, one end of the heat conducting belt is connected to the pressure plate, and the other end of the heat conducting belt is connected to the liquid metal loading assembly. The limiting structure is connected to the water-cooled cover plate, and the adjusting rod moves relative to the water-cooled cover plate through the limiting structure. The liquid metal loading assembly transfers heat through the heat conducting belt, and the heat conducting belt is moved by the adjusting rod to fit or separate from the water-cooled cover plate.

[0010] In a further solution, the limiting structure includes a fixed seat, a top screw, a dynamic seal and a limiting plate, a slide groove is provided on the fixed seat, the fixed seat is connected to the water-cooled cover plate, and the adjusting rod passes through the slide groove, the top screw is threadedly connected to the fixed seat, the adjusting rod is pressed against the slide groove by the top screw, the dynamic seal is connected between the slide groove and the adjusting rod, the adjusting rod is slidably sealed with the slide groove through the dynamic seal, the limiting plate is provided below the pressure plate and connected to the bottom of the water-cooled cover plate, and the pressure plate is limited to the downward position by the limiting plate.

[0011] In a further scheme, the liquid metal loading assembly includes a heat-conducting support plate, an experimental plate, a liquid metal splint, a liquid metal thickness limiting plate and a suspension bracket. The liquid metal thickness limiting plate is clamped between the experimental plate and the liquid metal splint. The experimental plate and the liquid metal splint are respectively fixed on the experimental plate pressure plate and the heat-conducting support plate. The liquid metal splint can conduct heat through the heat-conducting support plate. The experimental plate pressure plate is connected to the suspension bracket, and the suspension bracket is connected to the water-cooled cover plate. After the experimental plate pressure plate and the heat-conducting support plate are connected to each other, they are fixed in the box through the suspension bracket and the water-cooled cover plate. The heat-conducting belt is connected to the heat-conducting support plate, and the heat-conducting support plate conducts heat through the heat-conducting belt.

[0012] In a further solution, the heating assembly includes a heating plate and a heating plate pressure plate. There are multiple heating plates, which are respectively connected to the heat-conducting support plate and the experimental plate pressure plate, and are pressed tightly against the heat-conducting support plate and the experimental plate pressure plate through the heating plate pressure plate on the outside of the heating plate. The heating plate can heat the liquid metal splint and the experimental plate through the heat-conducting support plate and the experimental plate pressure plate.

[0013] In a further solution, the liquid metal loading assembly also includes a landing frame and a collection tank. The landing frame is connected between the water-cooled cover plate and the box body. The collection tank is arranged below the liquid metal thickness limiting plate and is fixed inside the box body by connecting to the landing frame. The collection tank is used to collect liquid metal dripping during the experiment.

[0014] In a further solution, the temperature sensor is connected to a sensor pressing plate, and the sensor pressing plate is connected to a side of the heat-conducting support plate and the experimental plate pressing plate away from the liquid metal thickness limiting plate.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention controls the temperature of the liquid metal in the liquid metal loading assembly at different levels through a heating assembly and a cooling assembly, and provides a vacuum-like environment for the liquid metal loaded in the liquid metal loading assembly through a vacuum assembly to reduce gas interference, thereby facilitating precise control of temperature and pressure, ensuring test accuracy, and verifying the heat transfer performance of liquid metal in special scenarios such as the aerospace field. The temperature of the liquid metal loading assembly is detected by a temperature sensor, and the obtained temperature is converted into the thermal conductivity of the liquid metal to evaluate the relative quality of its heat transfer performance. The liquid metal in the liquid metal loading assembly is subjected to transmission imaging by a transmission imaging assembly to detect dripping.

[0016] The vacuum assembly of the present invention is composed of a box body and an exhaust assembly. The exhaust assembly is composed of a knob, a flange pipe, an exhaust cylinder, a pipe joint, a sealing assembly, a pull rod and a plug. The overall structure is simple and can meet the vacuum degree requirements of the box body.

[0017] The liquid metal loading assembly of the present invention includes a heat-conducting support plate, an experimental plate pressure plate, an experimental plate, a liquid metal splint, a liquid metal thickness limiting plate and a suspension frame, which can realize the loading of the experimental liquid metal, facilitate its assembly into the box, and facilitate transmission imaging of it.

[0018] The present invention can conduct heat that interferes with experimental data through the water cooling component by laminating the heat conducting belt with the water cooling cover plate, so that the temperature sensor can measure the heat value transferred by the liquid metal as much as possible.

[0019] The present invention can realize the detection of liquid metals with different film thicknesses by selecting the thickness of the liquid metal thickness limiting plate.

[0020] The overall structural design of the present invention is reasonable, meets the experimental requirements, and can ensure the success rate and safety of the experiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the exterior of a vacuum assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the pull rod in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the threaded pipe in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a connection with a pressure plate in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 51 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the adjusting rod of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the collecting tank in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the explosion of the liquid metal loading assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure: 1, exhaust assembly; 2, pipe joint; 3, cooling assembly; 4, handle; 5, box; 6, bottom plate; 7, transmission window; 8, observation window; 9, liquid metal loading assembly; 10, collection tank; 11, landing stand; 101, knob; 102, spacer ring; 103, flange pipe; 104, sealing gasket; 105, locking nut; 106, exhaust cylinder; 107, pull rod; 108, PTFE sealing ring; 109, sealing locking clamp; 201, plug; 202, threaded pipe; 203, static sealing ring; 204, O-ring; 301, water cooling Cover plate; 302, top screw; 303, adjusting rod; 304, adjusting nut; 305, flat washer; 306, fixing seat; 307, terminal interface; 308, water inlet; 309, water outlet; 310, belt pressure plate; 311, limit plate; 312, hexagon socket screw plug; 901, heating plate pressure plate; 902, heating plate; 903, experimental board pressure plate; 904, experimental board; 905, suspension bracket; 906, thermal conductive belt; 907, liquid metal splint; 908, liquid metal thickness limit plate; 909, sensor pressure plate; 910, thermal conductive support plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] See Figure 1 As shown, an experimental device for measuring the properties of liquid metal includes a transmission imaging component, a vacuum component, a liquid metal loading component 9, a temperature sensor, a heating component and a cooling component 3. The exterior of the vacuum component is as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the liquid metal loading component 9 is as shown Figure 6 As shown, the cooling component 3 is as Figure 4 As shown, the heating component is Figure 7As shown, the liquid metal loading component 9 is connected to the vacuum component, the liquid metal loading component 9 is used to load liquid metal, the vacuum component is used to provide a vacuum environment for the liquid metal during the experiment, the heating component is connected to the liquid metal loading component 9, the heating component is used to heat the liquid metal in the liquid metal loading component 9, the temperature sensor is set opposite to the liquid metal loading component 9, the temperature sensors are used to detect the temperature of the experimental plate and the liquid metal splint in the liquid metal loading component 9, the transmission imaging component is set opposite to the vacuum component, the transmission imaging component is used to image the liquid metal in the liquid metal loading component 9, the cooling component 3 is connected to the liquid metal loading component 9, the cooling component 3 is used to cool the heat-conducting support plate 910 and the liquid metal splint 907 in the experimental mode of measuring the liquid metal contact thermal resistance.

[0026] It is conceivable that the arrangement of the cooling component 3 and the vacuum component can be more than Figure 1 In the manner shown in , for example, a water-cooling pipe can be designed to surround the bottom plate 6, and the remaining parts can be arranged accordingly.

[0027] Its working principle is to control the temperature of the liquid metal in the liquid metal loading component 9 at different levels through the heating component and the cooling component 3, and to provide a vacuum-like environment for the liquid metal loaded in the liquid metal loading component 9 through the vacuum component to reduce gas interference, so as to facilitate precise control of temperature and pressure, ensure test accuracy, and verify the heat transfer performance of liquid metal in special scenarios such as the aerospace field. The temperature of the liquid metal loading component 9 is detected by a temperature sensor, and the temperature is converted into the thermal conductivity of the liquid metal to evaluate the relative quality of its heat transfer performance. The liquid metal in the liquid metal loading component 9 is imaged through transmission imaging to detect dripping.

[0028] In some embodiments, the vacuum assembly includes a box body 5 and an air extraction assembly 1, and the interior of the box body 5 has a cavity, such as Figure 6 The liquid metal loading assembly 9 is located in the cavity, and the vacuum assembly 1 is connected to one side of the box body 5. The vacuum assembly 1 is used to vacuum the cavity. The box body 5 is provided with Figure 4 Terminal interface 307 is shown. This is used for wiring the temperature sensor and heating assembly. The vacuum assembly 1 evacuates the housing 5, and the terminal interface 307 seals the wiring area within the housing 5, maintaining a vacuum environment within the housing 5. Wiring harnesses within the cavity, such as the temperature sensor harness and the ceramic heater 902 harness, are routed through terminal interface 307, maintaining the vacuum within the cavity.

[0029] In some embodiments, as Figure 2As shown, the exhaust assembly 1 includes a knob 101, a flange tube 103, an exhaust cylinder 106, a pipe joint 2, a sealing assembly, a pull rod 107 and a plug 201. One end of the pipe joint 2 is connected to the box 5, and the other end of the pipe joint 2 is connected to one end of the exhaust cylinder. The pipe joint 2 and the plug 201 are as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, one end of the pull rod 107 is slidably connected in the vacuum cylinder and is detachably connected to the plug 201. The other end of the pull rod 107 extends out of the vacuum cylinder and is connected to the knob 101. The sliding distance between the pull rod 107 and the vacuum cylinder 106 is limited by the length of the slide groove set between the two. The plug 201 is slidably connected in the channel connecting the pipe joint 2 and the box body 5, and is limited to the pipe joint 2 by the step in the pipe joint 2. The flange pipe 103 is connected to the middle of the vacuum cylinder 106. The two sides of the sealing assembly are respectively connected to the pull rod 107 and the other end of the vacuum cylinder 106. The sealing assembly is used for sliding sealing between the pull rod 107 and the vacuum cylinder 106. The upper flange of the flange tube 103 can adopt a KF40 flange, and its lower tube body can be welded to the wall of the vacuum cylinder 106 to facilitate the connection of the vacuum pump. The sealing assembly may include a PTFE sealing ring 108, a spacer ring 102 and a sealing locking hoop 109, both of which are sequentially arranged between the pull rod 107 and the vacuum cylinder 106. The sealing locking hoop 109 is threadedly connected to the end of the vacuum cylinder 106 close to the knob 101, and the sealing ring and the spacer ring 102 are sealed and installed on the end of the vacuum cylinder 106 close to the knob 101 through the boss. The sealing locking hoop 109 presses the PTFE sealing ring 108 against the inner wall of the vacuum cylinder 106, and contacts the inner wall of the vacuum cylinder 106 through deformation, thereby playing a sealing role when pumping. The advantages of using PTFE material are, first, the friction coefficient is low, and it is more labor-saving to pull and pull the pull rod 107; second, the compression deformation characteristics of PTFE are utilized to achieve a sealing effect on the vacuum inside the cavity. This can prevent external gas from affecting the vacuum environment in the box body 5. By pulling the pull rod 107 through the knob 101, the plug 201 is driven to move, thereby opening the flange pipe 103. The vacuum pump is connected to the flange pipe 103 to evacuate the box body 5. When the preset required vacuum degree is reached, the pull rod 107 is pushed by the knob 101 to drive the plug 201 to seal the pipe joint 2 and stop vacuuming. A limiting boss is designed on the side where the head of the pull rod 107 is connected to the vacuum cylinder 106. The function of the pull rod 107 is to pull the plug 201 out and over the flange pipe 103. The limiting boss contacts the bottom of the corresponding slide groove on the inner wall of the vacuum cylinder 106, limiting the sliding distance and maximizing the vacuuming efficiency.

[0030] In some embodiments, the pipe joint 2 includes a threaded tube 202, a locking nut 105 and a sealing gasket 104. The locking nut 105 is slidably connected to the end of the vacuum cylinder 106 away from the knob 101, and is slidably limited by the protrusions and slide grooves set between the locking nut 105 and the vacuum cylinder 106. The sealing gasket 104 is set on the end face of the slide groove inside the vacuum cylinder 106. One end of the threaded tube 202 is sealed with the box body 5, such as through a static sealing ring 203. The other end is threadedly connected to the locking nut 105, and is sealed with the end of the vacuum cylinder 106 away from the knob 101 through the sealing gasket 104. The plug 201 is slidably connected in the threaded tube 202 and is slidably sealed by the O-ring 204 between the two. The sealing gasket 104 can be a sealing gasket 104 with a rectangular cross-section, and two O-rings 204 can be selected. When vacuuming, the locking nut 105 presses the sealing gasket 104 to seal the threaded tube 202 and the air outside the tube. The interior of the pipe joint 2 is in the form of a through hole, and the head of the pull rod 107 can be threaded into the plug 201 to achieve a detachable connection between the two. In this way, the pull rod 107 and the vacuum cylinder 106 can be disassembled as a whole. Under the action of the O-ring 204 and the negative pressure of the atmosphere, the plug 201 presses the inner wall of the threaded tube 202 to ensure the vacuum degree inside the cavity.

[0031] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 As shown, the cooling assembly 3 includes a water-cooled cover plate 301, an adjusting rod 303, a heat conducting belt 906, a pressure plate 310 and a limiting structure. The water-cooled cover plate 301 has a water cooling channel, and the water cooling channel is connected in series with a water inlet 308 and a water outlet 309, wherein the heat conducting belt 906 is as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown in FIG, the water-cooled cover plate 301 is used to seal Figure 1 At the end of the box body 5 shown in FIG, the adjusting rod 303 passes through the water-cooled cover plate 301 and extends into the box body 5. One end of the adjusting rod 303 extending into the box body 5 is connected to the pressure plate 310. One end of the heat conducting belt 906 is connected to the pressure plate 310. The other end of the heat conducting belt 906 is connected to the pressure plate 310. Figure 6The liquid metal loading assembly 9 is connected, the limiting structure is connected to the water-cooled cover plate 301, and the adjusting rod 303 is relatively limited and moved with the water-cooled cover plate 301 through the limiting structure. The liquid metal loading assembly 9 transfers heat through the conductive belt 906, and the conductive belt 906 is moved by the adjusting rod 303 to fit or separate from the water-cooled cover plate 301. The water-cooling cover plate 301 can be made of copper or other materials with good thermal conductivity and is formed in one piece. The water-cooling channel can also be installed with a hexagonal screw plug 312 for draining water. The water-cooling channel can drill an "F"-shaped hole inside the water-cooling cover plate 301, and the water inlet 308 and the water outlet 309 are connected to the same side of the upper end of the "F"-shaped hole in sequence. The hexagonal screw plug 312 is connected to the lower end of the "F"-shaped hole. The water inlet 308 and the water outlet 309 are connected to the pagoda joint and connected to the external circulation water pipe. The through-hole is blocked with the hexagonal screw plug 312 to ensure that water flows inside the water-cooling cover plate 301. This one-piece processing method greatly reduces the processing cost while ensuring sufficient heat dissipation. The traditional design of vacuum brazing oxygen-free copper tubes has a high brazing cost on the one hand, and the split cooling efficiency is not as high as that of one-piece processing on the other hand. At the same time, the water-cooled cover plate 301 is also used as an end cover. A sealing groove is provided on the side in contact with the box body 5 of the vacuum assembly for placing a sealing ring. After being tightened, the vacuum state in the cavity can be maintained. The material used is oxygen-free copper with high thermal conductivity. In order to prevent reaction with liquid metals such as indium gallium solution, the surface needs to be nickel-plated.

[0032] The limiting structure includes a fixing seat 306, a top screw 302, a dynamic seal and a limiting plate 311. A slide groove is provided on the fixing seat 306. The fixing seat 306 is connected to the water-cooled cover plate 301, and an adjusting rod 303 passes through the slide groove. The top screw 302 is threadedly connected to the fixing seat 306. The adjusting rod 303 is pressed tightly in the slide groove through the top screw 302. The dynamic seal is connected between the slide groove and the adjusting rod 303. The adjusting rod 303 is slidably sealed with the slide groove through the dynamic seal. The limiting plate 311 is provided below the pressure plate 310 and is connected to the bottom of the water-cooled cover plate 301. The dynamic seal can be a fluororubber sealing ring. The pressure plate 310 is limited to the downward position by the limiting plate. The circumferential surface of the adjustment rod 303 is provided with a sealing groove for installing a fluororubber sealing ring, ensuring that the vacuum level within the chamber 5 is not disrupted during the adjustment rod 303's upward and downward movement. The upper end of the adjustment rod 303 is connected to an adjustment nut 304, which is locked to a fixed seat 306 via a flat washer 305. This serves to limit the upper position of the adjustment rod 303. Rotating the adjustment nut 304 controls the movement of the adjustment rod 303. The lower end is connected to a belt pressure plate 310. The upward and downward movement of the adjustment rod 303 drives the belt pressure plate 310 to move, thereby controlling the contact and separation of the heat conducting belt 906 with the water-cooled cover plate 301. The heat conducting belt 906 can be woven from a heat conducting copper braid. To prevent the adjustment nut 304 from being rotated too far, causing the fluororubber sealing ring on the adjustment rod 303 to separate from the water-cooled cover plate 301 and disrupting the vacuum, a limit device, namely a limit plate 311, is required to ensure that the belt pressure plate 310 moves within a certain range of travel. The upper circumferential surface of the adjusting rod 303 is flattened. This flattening provides a clamping surface for the tool pliers, preventing the adjusting rod 303 from rotating when the adjusting nut 304 is tightened. Furthermore, it acts as a limiter, i.e., when the adjusting rod 303 reaches a certain position, the locking screw 302 abuts against the flattened surface, preventing the adjusting rod 303 from rotating on its own. It is conceivable that the upper and lower limit movement of the belt pressure plate 310 by adjusting the adjusting rod 303 could be achieved without the adjusting nut 304 and the flat washer 305, such as by clamping the adjusting rod 303 with a clamp to control its upper and lower movement. This should also be within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 As shown, considering the weight of the entire device, handles 4 are designed on both sides of the cavity to facilitate overall transportation. It should be noted that the threaded holes cannot penetrate the vacuum components. The bottom of the box body 5 can be detachably connected to the bottom plate 6 to form a seal. A sealing groove is opened on the contact side for placing a sealing ring, which is used to maintain the vacuum state in the cavity after tightening.

[0034] In some embodiments, the transmission imaging assembly can utilize an in-situ X-ray transilluminator. The cavity of housing 5 has four sealed windows, divided into a transmission window 7 and an observation window 8. In the micro-nano engineering laboratory, X-rays from a scanning microscope penetrate transmission windows 7 and illuminate the liquid metal loading assembly, enabling real-time observation of the liquid metal state and enhancing imaging. To ensure optimal brightness during observation, transmission window 7 should be constructed from a material with good contrast. PEEK is used in this device. Side observation window 8, sealed from H-K9L, allows for visual observation of the liquid metal dripping.

[0035] In some embodiments, as Figure 6 The liquid metal loading assembly 9 shown includes the following Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the heat-conducting support plate 910, the experimental plate pressing plate 903, the experimental plate 904, the liquid metal splint 907, the liquid metal thickness limiting plate 908 and the suspension bracket 905, the liquid metal thickness limiting plate 908 is clamped between the experimental plate 904 and the liquid metal splint 907, the experimental plate 904 and the liquid metal splint 907 are respectively fixed on the experimental plate pressing plate 903 and the heat-conducting support plate 910, the liquid metal splint 907 conducts heat through the heat-conducting support plate 910, the experimental plate pressing plate 903 is connected to the suspension bracket 905, the suspension bracket 905 is connected to the water-cooled cover plate 301, the experimental plate 904 and the liquid metal splint 907 are respectively connected to the experimental plate pressing plate 903 and the heat-conducting support plate 910, and then fixed in the box 5 through the suspension bracket 905 and the water-cooled cover plate 301, the heat-conducting belt 906 is connected to the heat-conducting support plate 910, and the heat-conducting support plate 910 conducts heat through the heat-conducting belt 906.

[0036] The heating assembly includes a heater 902 and a heater pressing plate 901. The heater 902 is positioned between the heater pressing plate 901, the heat-conducting support plate 910, and the experimental board pressing plate 903. The heater 902 is pressed against the heat-conducting support plate 910 and the experimental board pressing plate 903 by the heater pressing plate 901. The heater 902 heats the liquid metal clamp 907 and the experimental board 904 through the heat-conducting support plate 910 and the experimental board pressing plate 903. The number and area of ​​the heater 902 can be adjusted as required.

[0037] The heating plate 902 can be a ceramic heating plate 902, the thermal support plate 910 and the test plate pressure plate 903 are nickel-plated oxygen-free copper plates, the liquid metal clamping plate 907 is a nickel-plated aluminum plate, and the liquid metal thickness limiting plate 908 is a stainless steel sheet. The test plate 904 is a test plate used to study the thermal conductivity of liquid metal. The nickel-plated aluminum plate has excellent X-ray transmittance and good thermal conductivity, which can more accurately detect the real-time temperature of the liquid metal and better observe the morphological changes of the liquid metal under a scanning microscope. The stainless steel sheet is sandwiched between the nickel-plated aluminum plate and the test plate. Stainless steel does not react with liquid metals such as indium gallium solutions.

[0038] It can be imagined that the above materials can also be selected according to their required performance, and they are not listed in detail.

[0039] like Figure 6 As shown, the liquid metal loading assembly 9 also includes a footrest 11 and a collection tank 10. The footrest 11 is connected between the water-cooled cover plate 301 and the housing 5. The collection tank 10 is located below the liquid metal thickness limiting plate 908 and is fixed to the interior of the housing 5 through its connection to the footrest 11. The collection tank 10 is used to collect liquid metal that drips during the experiment. Because liquid metal is corrosive, direct contact with metals with higher thermal conductivity, such as pure copper and aluminum alloys, will cause diffusion reactions, resulting in embrittlement of pure copper and aluminum alloys. Therefore, it is necessary to centrally collect the liquid metal that drips during the experiment. In this invention, the collection tank 10 can be made of PEEK. The liquid metal is guided through the guide grooves on the nickel-plated aluminum plate and drips into the collection tank 10 under the action of gravity. At the same time, both ends are connected to the footrest 11 to enhance the stability of the footrest 11. When the liquid metal loading assembly 9 needs to be operated, the screws of the water-cooled cover plate 301 can be directly removed, the entire assembly can be removed from the cavity of the housing 5, and the footrest 11 can be placed on the laboratory bench.

[0040] The temperature sensors are connected to sensor platen 909, which is connected to the side of thermal support plate 910 and experiment platen 903 away from the liquid metal thickness limiting plate 908. The temperature sensors on both sides can be installed in the corresponding slots on the temperature sensor platen 909, pressing the temperature sensors against the geometric center of the liquid metal clamping plate 907 and experiment plate 904 to monitor the temperature of these two locations in real time.

[0041] The thickness of the liquid metal in the experiment can be controlled by selecting liquid metal thickness limiting plates 908 of different thicknesses. Generally, the liquid metal is dripped onto the inner surface of the experimental plate 904 and the liquid metal clamp 907 using a dispensing machine (similar to a syringe). The surface tension of the liquid metal evenly spreads the experimental surface until it overflows. This can accurately guarantee the thickness of the liquid metal film and is relatively low in cost. In the experimental mode of the effect of temperature rise on the morphology of liquid metal, the heat conducting belt 906 is first separated from the water-cooled cover plate 301. The four ceramic heating plates 902 on the heat conducting support plate 910 and the experimental plate pressure plate 903 are simultaneously operated or stopped. The heating plates 902 are operated to introduce heat to the liquid metal clamp 907 and the experimental plate 904, heating the liquid metal in the sandwich as a whole. The changes in the liquid metal morphology with temperature rise are observed in real time through the transmission imaging component. In the experimental mode for detecting the contact thermal resistance of liquid metal, the heating plate 902 on one side of the heat-conducting support plate 910 stops working, and the heating plate 902 on the side of the experimental plate pressure plate 903 starts working. At the same time, the adjusting rod 303 is screwed to lift the heat-conducting belt 906 with the pressure plate 310, so that the heat-conducting belt 906 is in contact with the water-cooled cover plate 301. The heat that interferes with the experimental data is discharged through the water-cooling component, so that the temperature sensor can measure the heat value transferred by the liquid metal as much as possible. The thermal resistance of the liquid metal can be calculated based on the data from the temperature sensors on both sides of the center.

[0042] Throughout this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "example," or "specific example" indicate that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0043] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. An experimental device for measuring the properties of liquid metal, characterized in that: The invention comprises a transmission imaging component, a vacuum component, a liquid metal loading component (9), a temperature sensor, a heating component and a cooling component (3), wherein the liquid metal loading component (9) is connected to the vacuum component, the liquid metal loading component (9) is used to load liquid metal, the vacuum component is used to provide a vacuum environment for the liquid metal during the experiment, the heating component is connected to the liquid metal loading component (9), the heating component is used to heat the liquid metal in the liquid metal loading component (9), the temperature sensor is arranged opposite to the liquid metal loading component (9), the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the liquid metal in the liquid metal loading component (9), the transmission imaging component is arranged opposite to the vacuum component, the transmission imaging component is used to image the liquid metal in the liquid metal loading component (9), the cooling component (3) is connected to the liquid metal loading component (9), and the cooling component (3) is used to cool the liquid metal loading component (9).

2. The experimental device for measuring liquid metal properties according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum assembly comprises a box (5) and an exhaust assembly (1); the box (5) has a cavity inside, the liquid metal loading assembly (9) is located in the cavity, the exhaust assembly (1) is connected to one side of the box (5), and the exhaust assembly (1) is used to evacuate the cavity; the box (5) is provided with a terminal interface (307), and the terminal interface (307) is used for connecting a temperature sensor and a heating assembly.

3. The experimental device for measuring liquid metal properties according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vacuum assembly (1) includes a knob (101), a flange tube (103), a vacuum cylinder (106), a pipe joint (2), a sealing assembly, a pull rod (107) and a plug (201), one end of the pipe joint (2) is connected to the box (5), the other end of the pipe joint (2) is connected to one end of the vacuum cylinder, one end of the pull rod (107) is slidably connected in the vacuum cylinder and is detachably connected to the plug (201), the other end of the pull rod (107) extends out of the vacuum cylinder and is connected to the knob (101), the pull rod (107) ) and the vacuum cylinder (106) is limited by the length of the slide groove set between the two, the plug (201) is slidably connected in the channel connecting the pipe joint (2) and the box body (5), and is limited to the pipe joint (2) by the step in the pipe joint (2), the flange pipe (103) is connected to the middle of the vacuum cylinder (106), and the two sides of the sealing assembly are respectively connected to the pull rod (107) and the other end of the vacuum cylinder (106), and the sealing assembly is used for sliding sealing between the pull rod (107) and the vacuum cylinder (106).

4. The experimental device for measuring liquid metal properties according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pipe joint (2) comprises a threaded tube (202), a locking nut (105) and a sealing gasket (104); the locking nut (105) is slidably connected to the end of the vacuum cylinder (106) away from the knob (101), and is slidably limited by a protrusion and a slide groove provided between the locking nut (105) and the vacuum cylinder (106); the sealing gasket (104) is provided on the end face of the slide groove inside the vacuum cylinder (106); one end of the threaded tube (202) is sealed to the box body (5), and the other end is threadedly connected to the locking nut (105), and is sealed to the end of the vacuum cylinder (106) away from the knob (101) through the sealing gasket (104); the plug (201) is slidably connected to the threaded tube (202) and is slidably sealed by an O-ring (204) between the two.

5. The experimental device for measuring liquid metal properties according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling assembly (3) includes a water-cooling cover plate (301), an adjusting rod (303), a heat conducting belt (906), a pressure plate (310) and a limiting structure. The water-cooling cover plate (301) has a water-cooling channel, and the water-cooling channel is connected in series with a water inlet (308) and a water outlet (309). The water-cooling cover plate (301) is used to seal the end of the box body (5). The adjusting rod (303) passes through the water-cooling cover plate (301) and extends into the box body (5). One end of the adjusting rod (303) extending into the box body (5) is connected to the pressure plate (310). The plate (310) is provided with a heat conducting belt (906), one end of the heat conducting belt (906) is connected to the pressure plate (310), the other end of the heat conducting belt (906) is connected to the liquid metal loading assembly (9), the limiting structure is connected to the water-cooled cover plate (301), the regulating rod (303) is relatively limited and moved with the water-cooled cover plate (301) through the limiting structure, the liquid metal loading assembly (9) transfers heat through the heat conducting belt (906), and the heat conducting belt (906) is moved by the regulating rod (303) to be attached to or separated from the water-cooled cover plate (301).

6. The experimental device for measuring liquid metal properties according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting structure includes a fixed seat (306), a top screw (302), a dynamic seal and a limiting plate (311), wherein a slide groove is provided on the fixed seat (306), the fixed seat (306) is connected to the water-cooled cover plate (301), and the adjusting rod (303) passes through the slide groove, the top screw (302) is threadedly connected to the fixed seat (306), the adjusting rod (303) is pressed against the slide groove by the top screw (302), the dynamic seal is connected between the slide groove and the adjusting rod (303), the adjusting rod (303) is slidably sealed with the slide groove by the dynamic seal, the limiting plate (311) is provided below the pressure plate (310) and connected to the bottom of the water-cooled cover plate (301), and the pressure plate (310) is limited to a downward position by a limiting plate.

7. The experimental device for measuring liquid metal properties according to claim 5, characterized in that: The liquid metal loading assembly (9) comprises a heat-conducting support plate (910), an experimental plate pressure plate (903), an experimental plate (904), a liquid metal clamping plate (907), a liquid metal thickness limiting plate (908) and a suspension frame (905), wherein the liquid metal thickness limiting plate (908) is clamped between the experimental plate (904) and the liquid metal clamping plate (907), and the experimental plate (904) and the liquid metal clamping plate (907) are respectively fixed on the experimental plate pressure plate (903) and the heat-conducting support plate (910). The metal clamping plate (907) conducts heat through the heat-conducting support plate (910), the experimental plate pressing plate (903) is connected to the suspension frame (905), the suspension frame (905) is connected to the water-cooled cover plate (301), the experimental plate pressing plate (903) and the heat-conducting support plate (910) are connected to each other and then fixed in the box (5) through the suspension frame (905) and the water-cooled cover plate (301), the heat-conducting belt (906) is connected to the heat-conducting support plate (910), and the heat-conducting support plate (910) conducts heat through the heat-conducting belt (906).

8. The experimental device for measuring liquid metal properties according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heating assembly includes a heating plate (902) and a heating plate pressing plate (901), wherein the heating plates (902) are multiple and are respectively connected to the heat-conducting support plate (910) and the experimental plate pressing plate (903), and the heating plate pressing plate (901) outside the heating plate (902) is pressed against the heat-conducting support plate (910) and the experimental plate pressing plate (903), and the heating plate (902) can heat the liquid metal clamp (907) and the experimental plate (904) through the heat-conducting support plate (910) and the experimental plate pressing plate (903).

9. The experimental device for measuring liquid metal properties according to claim 5, characterized in that: The liquid metal loading assembly (9) further comprises a landing frame (11) and a collecting tank (10), wherein the landing frame (11) is connected between the water-cooled cover plate (301) and the box body (5), and the collecting tank (10) is arranged below the liquid metal thickness limiting plate (908) and is fixed inside the box body (5) by being connected to the landing frame (11). The collecting tank (10) is used to collect the liquid metal dripping during the experiment.

10. The experimental device for measuring liquid metal properties according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor is connected to a sensor pressing plate (909), and the sensor pressing plate (909) is respectively connected to a side of the heat-conducting support plate (910) and the experimental plate pressing plate (903) away from the liquid metal thickness limiting plate (908).

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