Composition for improving food calling of aquatic products and preparation method of composition

Abstract

The invention relates to a composition for improving food calling of aquatic products and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of feeds, the composition comprises the following raw materials: cereal powder, inorganic powder, field snail meat powder, vegetable oil, vital gluten, egg oil and yeast nucleotide; the cereal powder comprises puffed glutinous rice flour, puffed pea flour and barley malt flour, the inorganic powder comprises tricalcium phosphate and titanium dioxide, and the vegetable oil comprises purple perilla seed oil. The puffed glutinous rice flour, the puffed pea meal, the tricalcium phosphate and the titanium dioxide are selected as visual food calling components, so that the speed of the fish school positioning feed is effectively increased; meanwhile, the field snail meat powder, the egg yolk oil, the purple perilla seed oil and the barley malt flour can synergistically promote continuous ingestion of the aquatic animals from different dimensions of stimulating smell, increasing palatability, stimulating taste and promoting intestinal absorption; in addition, the selected egg yolk oil also has adhesive force, and the gluten powder is added and compounded with the egg yolk oil, so that the dissolution rate of the composition in water can be reduced, and the composition has the special performance for aquatic products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of feed, and in particular relates to a composition for improving aquatic feeding attraction and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of aquaculture, the performance of attractant compositions directly affects the feeding efficiency, growth rate and economic benefits of aquatic animals. There are two prominent problems with the aquatic attractant compositions currently on the market: first, the attractant effect is poor. Most products rely on a single or a few traditional attractant ingredients, such as amino acids and nucleotides, which are difficult to match the olfactory and taste preferences of different aquatic animals at different growth stages, resulting in a narrow attractant range and weak attraction. Aquatic animals have low feeding enthusiasm, and are prone to excessive residual bait and decreased feed utilization. Second, the solubility in water is high. Due to the lack of reasonable formula raw material design and preparation technology, the composition quickly disperses and dissolves after being put into the water, and a large amount of effective ingredients are lost in a short period of time. This not only reduces the duration of the attractant effect, but may also have adverse effects on the water environment due to excessive local concentrations, while increasing the cost of breeding.

[0003] Therefore, developing an aquatic attractant composition that can significantly improve the attractant effect and reduce the solubility in water has become a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved in the current aquaculture field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composition for improving aquatic feeding and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problems of poor feeding effect and high solubility in water in existing aquatic compositions.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The first aspect of the present application provides a composition for improving aquatic feeding attraction, comprising the following raw materials:

[0007] Cereal powder, inorganic powder, snail meat powder, vegetable oil, gluten, egg yolk oil, yeast nucleotide;

[0008] Snail meat powder is rich in protein, amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids, which can release fishy and fragrant substances in water and activate the olfactory sacs of fish;

[0009] Egg yolk oil contains lecithin, fat-soluble vitamins, and fatty acids. During its slow release in water, egg yolk oil releases an aroma similar to animal fat, which is naturally attractive to fish. In addition, the oil properties of egg yolk oil can coat feed particles, reduce powderiness, and improve the taste. In particular, it can enhance the stability of aquatic feed in water and reduce the degree of feed disintegration in water.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the composition for improving aquatic feeding attractant comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0011] 47-60 parts by weight of cereal powder, 3.2-5.5 parts by weight of inorganic powder, 6-11 parts by weight of snail meat powder, 5-10 parts by weight of vegetable oil, 10-13 parts by weight of gluten, 4-7 parts by weight of egg yolk oil, and 0.05-0.06 parts by weight of yeast nucleotide.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the cereal powder comprises puffed glutinous rice flour, puffed pea flour and barley malt flour;

[0013] Puffed glutinous rice flour has a light yellow base tone. After puffing, the glutinous rice flour has a honeycomb structure and slowly expands when immersed in water, creating a "cloudy" appearance that increases suspension time and diffusion area.

[0014] Puffed pea flour has a milky white base and can provide high-quality plant protein and crude fiber. It dissolves slowly in water and can prolong the duration of visual stimulation.

[0015] Barley malt powder is rich in digestive enzymes such as amylase and invertase, which can enhance the intestine's ability to absorb nutrients in feed, indirectly enhance appetite by improving absorption efficiency, and thus promote food intake.

[0016] Furthermore, the cereal powder comprises 22-28 parts by weight of puffed glutinous rice flour, 14-20 parts by weight of puffed pea flour, and 8-15 parts by weight of barley malt powder.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the inorganic powder includes tricalcium phosphate and titanium dioxide;

[0018] Tricalcium phosphate has a high refractive index and can reflect light to provide a certain brightening effect. In addition, tricalcium phosphate also has good anti-caking ability;

[0019] Titanium dioxide has the property of reflecting light, providing high brightness and improving the long-distance visibility of feed in turbid water.

[0020] Furthermore, the inorganic powder includes 2-4 parts by weight of tricalcium phosphate and 1-1.5 parts by weight of titanium dioxide.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the vegetable oil includes perilla seed oil;

[0022] Perilla seed oil is rich in active ingredients such as volatile oil, perilla aldehyde, limonene, etc., which can stimulate the taste sense of aquatic animals and enhance their appetite.

[0023] The second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing a composition for improving aquatic feeding attractant, comprising the following steps:

[0024] (1) Premixing cereal powder, inorganic powder, snail meat powder, gluten powder, and yeast nucleotide to obtain a mixture A, and controlling the temperature to mix vegetable oil and egg yolk oil to obtain a mixture B;

[0025] (2) Evenly spraying mixture B into mixture A while stirring, and continuing to stir after spraying to obtain mixture C;

[0026] (3) The mixed material C is extruded and granulated, and then dried to obtain a finished composite material.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the premixing time in step (1) is 3-5 minutes, and the temperature of the temperature control is 40-45°C.

[0028] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the stirring time in step (2) is 5-10 minutes.

[0029] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the extrusion speed of the extrusion granulation in step (3) is 60-65 r / min, and the granulation template is 0.25 mm; the drying is to control the moisture content of the mixture C to 6-10%.

[0030] The third aspect of the present application provides an application of a composition for improving aquatic attractant in the preparation of feed, wherein the composition is added at 1-2.5% of the total mass of the feed.

[0031] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0032] (1) The present application selects puffed glutinous rice flour, puffed pea flour, tricalcium phosphate and titanium dioxide as visual attractant components, with a white-light yellow color as the base color, which most fish can see and like to eat, supplemented by tricalcium phosphate that can provide a brightening effect and titanium dioxide that can reflect light, so that fish can see the feed from a distance even in relatively turbid waters, thereby effectively stimulating the fish's interest in eating; in addition, titanium dioxide has the disadvantages of a large specific gravity and easy sinking. The glutinous rice flour and pea flour designed and added in the present application are both puffed types, which can complement it and form a floating and flickering micro-dynamic visual stimulation effect in the water, effectively accelerating the speed at which fish locate the feed;

[0033] At the same time, the present application also adds snail meat powder, egg yolk oil, perilla seed oil, barley malt powder and yeast nucleotides, which synergistically promote the continuous feeding of aquatic animals from different dimensions of stimulating smell, increasing palatability, stimulating taste and promoting intestinal absorption. Therefore, the finished composition prepared thereby can have an excellent food-inducing effect.

[0034] (2) The egg yolk oil selected in the present application has a certain adhesive ability in addition to the effect of increasing palatability. However, the adhesive ability of a single egg yolk oil is difficult to stably adhere to all the raw materials of the composition. Therefore, the present application also adds gluten powder which has high viscoelasticity after contact with water to prevent water from quickly penetrating into the interior of the appetizing composition. The egg yolk oil, as a natural hydrophobic substance, can fill the tiny pores of the gluten protein network and cover the surface of the gluten powder to form a continuous hydrophobic film, further reducing the penetration of water molecules. Therefore, the finished composition obtained in this way can reduce the solubility rate in water and has good aquatic product-specific performance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] The snail meat powder used in this application is fresh edible snail meat obtained by conventional refrigeration, freezing, steaming, drying, crushing and grinding; the remaining raw materials are commercially available, among which the puffed glutinous rice flour and puffed pea flour are purchased from Jiangshan Wugu Manor Food Co., Ltd.; the above will not be repeated in the following.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A composition for improving aquatic product attractant, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0039] 47 parts by weight of cereal powder, 4 parts by weight of inorganic powder, 6 parts by weight of snail meat powder, 7.5 parts by weight of vegetable oil, 13 parts by weight of gluten, 7 parts by weight of egg yolk oil, and 0.06 parts by weight of yeast nucleotides;

[0040] The cereal powder comprises 22 parts by weight of puffed glutinous rice flour, 17 parts by weight of puffed pea flour, and 8 parts by weight of barley malt powder;

[0041] The inorganic powder includes 3 parts by weight of tricalcium phosphate and 1 part by weight of titanium dioxide;

[0042] The vegetable oil includes perilla seed oil;

[0043] The method for preparing the composition for improving aquatic product feeding attractant comprises the following steps:

[0044] (1) Grain powder, inorganic powder, snail meat powder, gluten powder and yeast nucleotide were premixed for 3 minutes to obtain mixture A, and vegetable oil and egg yolk oil were mixed at a temperature of 42.5°C to obtain mixture B;

[0045] (2) Evenly spraying Mixture B into Mixture A while stirring, and continuing to stir for 5 minutes after spraying to obtain Mixture C;

[0046] (3) extruding and granulating the mixed material C, and drying to obtain a finished composition;

[0047] The extrusion speed of the extrusion granulation is 62.5 r / min, and the granulation template is 0.25 mm; the drying is to control the moisture content of the mixture C to 6%.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] A composition for improving aquatic product attractant, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0050] 54 parts by weight of cereal powder, 3.2 parts by weight of inorganic powder, 11 parts by weight of snail meat powder, 5 parts by weight of vegetable oil, 10 parts by weight of gluten, 5.5 parts by weight of egg yolk oil, and 0.05 parts by weight of yeast nucleotides;

[0051] The cereal powder comprises 25 parts by weight of puffed glutinous rice flour, 14 parts by weight of puffed pea flour, and 15 parts by weight of barley malt powder;

[0052] The inorganic powder includes 2 parts by weight of tricalcium phosphate and 1.2 parts by weight of titanium dioxide;

[0053] The vegetable oil includes perilla seed oil;

[0054] The method for preparing the composition for improving aquatic product feeding attractant comprises the following steps:

[0055] (1) Grain powder, inorganic powder, snail meat powder, gluten powder and yeast nucleotide were premixed for 5 minutes to obtain mixture A, and vegetable oil and egg yolk oil were mixed at a temperature of 40°C to obtain mixture B;

[0056] (2) Evenly spraying Mixture B into Mixture A while stirring, and continuing to stir for 7.5 minutes after spraying to obtain Mixture C;

[0057] (3) extruding and granulating the mixed material C, and drying to obtain a finished composition;

[0058] The extrusion speed of the extrusion granulation is 65 r / min, and the granulation template is 0.25 mm; the drying is to control the moisture content of the mixture C to 8%.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] A composition for improving aquatic product attractant, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0061] 59.5 parts by weight of cereal powder, 5.5 parts by weight of inorganic powder, 8.5 parts by weight of snail meat powder, 10 parts by weight of vegetable oil, 11 parts by weight of gluten, 4 parts by weight of egg yolk oil, and 0.055 parts by weight of yeast nucleotides;

[0062] The cereal powder comprises 28 parts by weight of puffed glutinous rice flour, 20 parts by weight of puffed pea flour, and 11.5 parts by weight of barley malt powder;

[0063] The inorganic powder includes 4 parts by weight of tricalcium phosphate and 1.5 parts by weight of titanium dioxide;

[0064] The vegetable oil includes perilla seed oil;

[0065] The method for preparing the composition for improving aquatic product feeding attractant comprises the following steps:

[0066] (1) Grain powder, inorganic powder, snail meat powder, gluten powder and yeast nucleotide were premixed for 4 minutes to obtain mixture A, and vegetable oil and egg yolk oil were mixed at a temperature of 45°C to obtain mixture B;

[0067] (2) Evenly spraying Mixture B into Mixture A while stirring, and continuing to stir for 10 minutes after spraying to obtain Mixture C;

[0068] (3) extruding and granulating the mixed material C, and drying to obtain a finished composition;

[0069] The extrusion speed of the extrusion granulation is 60 r / min, and the granulation template is 0.25 mm; the drying is to control the moisture content of the mixture C to 10%.

[0070] Comparative Example 1

[0071] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in Comparative Example 1, no puffed glutinous rice flour is added, and the missing mass is supplemented with puffed pea flour, tricalcium phosphate and titanium dioxide in a weight ratio of 17:3:1, and the rest remain unchanged.

[0072] Comparative Example 2

[0073] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in Comparative Example 2, no puffed pea flour is added, and the missing mass is supplemented with puffed glutinous rice flour, tricalcium phosphate and titanium dioxide in a weight ratio of 22:3:1, and the rest remain unchanged.

[0074] Comparative Example 3

[0075] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in Comparative Example 3, no tricalcium phosphate is added, and the missing mass is supplemented with puffed glutinous rice flour, puffed pea flour and titanium dioxide in a weight ratio of 22:17:1, and the rest remain unchanged.

[0076] Comparative Example 4

[0077] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in Comparative Example 4, titanium dioxide is not added, and the missing mass is supplemented with puffed glutinous rice flour, puffed pea flour and tricalcium phosphate in a weight ratio of 22:17:3, and the rest remain unchanged.

[0078] Comparative Example 5

[0079] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in Comparative Example 5, no snail meat powder is added, and the missing mass is supplemented with egg yolk oil, perilla seed oil and barley malt powder in a weight ratio of 7:7.5:8, and the rest remain unchanged.

[0080] Comparative Example 6

[0081] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in Comparative Example 6, no egg yolk oil is added, and the missing mass is supplemented with snail meat powder, perilla seed oil and barley malt powder in a weight ratio of 6:7.5:8, and the rest remain unchanged.

[0082] Comparative Example 7

[0083] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in Comparative Example 7, no perilla seed oil is added, and the missing mass is supplemented with snail meat powder, egg yolk oil and in a weight ratio of 6:7:8, and the rest remain unchanged.

[0084] Comparative Example 8

[0085] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in Comparative Example 8, no barley malt powder is added, and the missing mass is supplemented with snail meat powder, egg yolk oil and perilla seed oil in a weight ratio of 6:7:7.5, and the rest remain unchanged.

[0086] Comparative Example 9

[0087] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in Comparative Example 9, no egg yolk oil is added, the missing mass is supplemented with gluten, and the rest remains unchanged.

[0088] Comparative Example 10

[0089] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in Comparative Example 10, no gluten is added, the missing mass is supplemented with egg yolk oil, and the rest remains unchanged.

[0090] Test Example 1

[0091] The crucian carp used in the test examples were all juvenile crucian carp with good vitality, neat body specifications, and a mass of 30±2g. The juvenile fish were randomly divided into 11 cubic culture ponds with a side length of 2m, with 50 fish in each pond, and were fasted for 24 hours before the test. During the experiment, sewage was discharged every day, microporous aeration was carried out 24 hours a day, water was changed once a day, and about 1 / 3 of the water was changed every day. The dissolved oxygen was maintained at more than 6.0 mg / L. The experimental water was fully aerated tap water with a water temperature of 23°C. The test period was 30 days, and the feeding amount was 5% of the body weight. The finished feed prepared by adding the attractant composition prepared by Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-8 was fed to 11 culture ponds twice a day (8:00, 17:00) (feed ingredients in each group: 35wt% soybean meal, 30wt% bran, 20wt% rapeseed meal wt%, cottonseed meal 12wt%, premix 0.5wt% (premix comes from Guangdong Xintun Biotechnology Co., Ltd., the product name is miscellaneous fish compound premix feed) and monocalcium phosphate 0.5wt%, attractant composition 2wt%), of which 60% of the feed amount of the day was fed at 8:00, and 40% of the feed amount of the day was fed at 17:00. After each feeding, the remaining bait was fished out and dried to constant weight 3 hours later. The average food intake of each group and each tail per day was calculated, and the total average food intake of each group and each tail during the 30-day test period was added up. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0092] Table 1

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] From the comparison of the data of Comparative Examples 1-4 and Examples 1-3 in Table 1, it can be seen that the puffed glutinous rice flour, puffed pea flour, tricalcium phosphate and titanium dioxide selected in the present application as visual attractant components can effectively accelerate the speed of fish locating feed and increase food intake; and from the comparison of the data of Comparative Examples 5-8 and Examples 1-3, it can be seen that the snail meat powder, egg yolk oil, perilla seed oil and barley malt powder selected in the present application can effectively promote the continuous feeding of aquatic animals from different dimensions of stimulating smell, increasing palatability, stimulating taste and promoting intestinal absorption. Therefore, the finished composition obtained thereby can have an excellent attractant effect.

[0096] Test Example 2

[0097] The unwashed compositions obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 9-10 were weighed respectively, and then dried in an oven at 105°C for 24 hours to constant weight, and the moisture content X was calculated. In this test example, two different experimental groups were set up for each Example or Comparative Example group, and each group included three parallel experiments. Each group weighed the same M1 weight (5g) of the composition and immersed it in seawater at a water temperature of 24°C. The compositions were taken out after soaking for 1 hour and 10 hours, respectively, and dried in an oven at 105°C for 24 hours to constant weight M2. The solubility rate was calculated according to the following formula:

[0098] S(%)={[M1×(1-X)-M2] / [M1×(1-X)]}×100%;

[0099] Where:

[0100] S is the solubility rate, %;

[0101] X is the moisture content, %;

[0102] M1 is the initial mass of the composition, g;

[0103] M2 is the mass after soaking for a specific time and drying for 24 hours to constant weight, g;

[0104] The results are shown in Table 2.

[0105] Table 2

[0106]

[0107] As can be seen from Table 2, the finished composition prepared in this application has a low solubility in water. This is because the composition incorporates egg yolk oil and gluten, with gluten preventing water from rapidly penetrating the interior of the attractant composition. The egg yolk oil fills the tiny pores of the gluten protein network and covers the gluten surface to form a continuous hydrophobic film, further reducing the penetration of water molecules. Therefore, the finished composition prepared in this manner can reduce its solubility in water and possess excellent aquatic-specific properties.

[0108] Throughout the specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "example," or "specific example" indicate that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0109] The above content is merely an example and explanation of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composition for improving aquatic food attraction, characterized in that: Including the following raw materials: Cereal powder, inorganic powder, snail meat powder, vegetable oil, gluten powder, egg yolk oil, yeast nucleotides.

2. The aquatic feeding attractant composition according to claim 1, wherein The composition for improving aquatic food attraction comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 47-60 parts by weight of cereal powder, 3.2-5.5 parts by weight of inorganic powder, 6-11 parts by weight of snail meat powder, 5-10 parts by weight of vegetable oil, 10-13 parts by weight of gluten, 4-7 parts by weight of egg yolk oil, and 0.05-0.06 parts by weight of yeast nucleotide.

3. The aquatic feeding attractant composition according to claim 1, wherein The cereal powder comprises puffed glutinous rice flour, puffed pea flour and barley malt flour.

4. The aquatic feeding attractant composition according to claim 3, characterized in that The cereal powder comprises 22-28 parts by weight of puffed glutinous rice flour, 14-20 parts by weight of puffed pea flour, and 8-15 parts by weight of barley malt powder.

5. The composition for improving aquatic feeding according to claim 1, wherein The inorganic powder includes tricalcium phosphate and titanium dioxide.

6. The composition for improving aquatic feeding according to claim 5, wherein The inorganic powder includes 2-4 parts by weight of tricalcium phosphate and 1-1.5 parts by weight of titanium dioxide.

7. The composition for improving aquatic feeding according to claim 1, wherein The vegetable oil includes perilla seed oil.

8. A method for preparing the composition for improving aquatic feeding attractant according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Premixing cereal powder, inorganic powder, snail meat powder, gluten powder, and yeast nucleotide to obtain a mixture A, and controlling the temperature to mix vegetable oil and egg yolk oil to obtain a mixture B; (2) Evenly spraying mixture B into mixture A while stirring, and continuing to stir after spraying to obtain mixture C; (3) The mixed material C is extruded and granulated, and then dried to obtain a finished composite material.

9. The method for preparing the composition for improving aquatic feeding attractant according to claim 8, wherein: The premixing time in step (1) is 3-5 minutes, and the temperature of the temperature control is 40-45° C.; the stirring time in step (2) is 5-10 minutes.

10. The method for preparing the composition for improving aquatic feeding according to claim 8, wherein: The extrusion speed of the extrusion granulation in step (3) is 60-65 r / min, and the granulation template is 0.25 mm; the drying is to control the moisture content of the mixture C to 6-10%.

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