Novel dust falling material with strong wettability and high strength and toughness and preparation method of novel dust falling material

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel dust falling material with strong wettability and high strength and toughness and a preparation method thereof. The novel dust falling material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of pectin, 10-35 parts of acrylamide, 1-2.5 parts of an initiator, 0.06-0.1 part of sodium periodate, 20-60 parts of bentonite, 8-12 parts of a wetting agent and 1000-3000 parts of water. According to the dust suppressant, the remarkable advantages of performance breakthrough, environment friendliness and economic optimization are achieved through the synergistic effect of multiple components, it is measured through experiments that the dust suppressant can form a solidified shell layer with toughness and strength on the surface of a coal sample, and the dust suppressant has the unique double-water-locking mechanism that polymer carboxyl chemical bonding water molecules and bound water physically adsorbed between bentonite layers are combined, so that the dust suppressant has the good dust suppressant effect on the surface of the coal sample. A good water loss rate can be maintained in a high-temperature drought environment, and the dust suppression efficiency can be improved due to the rapid film forming characteristic. A solidified layer with a complete structure is formed after drying, pulverized coal is effectively prevented from loosening, the inhibition rates of PM2.5 and PM10 both exceed 95%, and the efficient and lasting dust suppression effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of dust suppressants, and in particular to a novel dust suppression material with strong wettability and high toughness and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The most widely used dust suppression technology currently is spray dust suppression. While it has the significant advantages of simple operation and relatively low cost, it also exposes a number of inherent defects: in areas with dry air and high wind speeds, water mist is very easy to evaporate or be blown away by wind currents, which severely limits the effective coverage range and residence time. Frequent spraying operations are required to maintain surface moistening, which not only consumes a lot of manpower and water resources but also increases the complexity of system management. In addition, the surface of coal dust particles is generally hydrophobic, and traditional spray dust suppression using only water mist has a poor wetting effect on coal molecules. With the continuous advancement of dust suppression technology, chemical dust suppressants have gradually been applied to coal dust suppression technology. However, conventional dust suppression materials have the defects of poor wetting and capture effect, low crust hardness and toughness, and easy breakage, making it difficult to achieve the ideal dust suppression effect. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the shortcomings in the existing technology, the first purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of dust reduction material with strong wettability and high strength and toughness. The second purpose is to provide a preparation method of a new type of dust reduction material with strong wettability and high strength and toughness, so that the dust reduction material can not only have good wettability but also effectively agglomerate coal dust and effectively consolidate to form a hard shell with certain strength and toughness, thereby greatly improving the overall dust reduction efficiency and the safety level of the working environment.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned first purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a new type of dust reduction material with strong wettability and high strength and toughness, characterized in that it is made of the following raw materials and water in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of pectin, 10-35 parts of acrylamide, 1-2.5 parts of initiator, 0.06-0.1 parts of sodium periodate, 20-60 parts of bentonite, and 8-12 parts of wetting agent.

[0005] In the above scheme: the initiator is potassium persulfate.

[0006] In the above scheme: the wetting agent is dodecyl dimethyl amine oxide.

[0007] In the above scheme, the water is distilled water, and the amount of water is 200 parts.

[0008] The second object of the present invention is achieved as follows: a method for preparing a novel dust suppression material with strong wettability and high toughness, characterized in that the material is prepared according to the following steps:

[0009] (1) Add pectin and some water to a reaction vessel and stir until fully dissolved;

[0010] Add acrylamide monomer and initiator to two other containers respectively, add water to dissolve, add the dissolved acrylamide solution to the reaction container containing the pectin solution, increase the temperature, and quickly inject the dissolved potassium persulfate solution into the reaction mixture with a syringe. Keep the temperature to react, and seal the reaction container during the reaction to prevent pectin oxidation, thereby obtaining a mixed solution I;

[0011] (2) After the mixed solution I is cooled to room temperature, anhydrous ethanol is slowly poured into the mixed solution I, and the mixture is allowed to stand for complete precipitation, followed by solid-liquid separation and drying to constant weight to obtain modified pectin; the modified pectin is dissolved in distilled water, and sodium periodate is added to the modified pectin solution, and the mixture is stirred at room temperature in the dark to obtain mixed solution II;

[0012] (3) Add bentonite to mixed solution II, stir at high speed to react, adjust the pH to 6-8, and finally add a wetting agent and mix evenly to obtain a dust suppressant solution. Use sodium hydroxide or glacial acetic acid to adjust the pH.

[0013] In step (1), the reaction temperature is 70-90° C. and the reaction time is 2-3 h.

[0014] The amount of anhydrous ethanol added is 3 times the volume of mixed solution I.

[0015] In step (2), the reaction time is 5-6 h.

[0016] In step (3), the stirring speed is 450-500 rpm, and the stirring time is 25-30 min.

[0017] Pectin is a polysaccharide found abundantly in plant cell walls and linings. It is a readily available, green resource. Due to the presence of hydrophobic proteins and ferulic acid, pectin exhibits amphiphilic properties, capable of reducing surface tension in aqueous solutions. Compared to other polysaccharide polymers, pectin exhibits greater water solubility and lower viscosity, making it more suitable for spraying in coal mines. Pectin also possesses a certain degree of viscosity and water retention, making it suitable as a binder.

[0018] Acrylamide is a white crystalline powder, a common grafting monomer used in graft copolymerization reactions. It contains a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) and an amide group (-CONH2). The carbon-carbon double bond can form polyacrylamide. Furthermore, the carbon-carbon double bond can undergo addition reactions with the matrix under certain temperatures or other conditions. As a modified material, acrylamide can increase the wettability of the solution on coal and enhance the water absorption of dust.

[0019] Bentonite's multifunctionality stems from the charge imbalance and interlayer water permeability created by its montmorillonite layered structure, resulting in high water absorption and expansion, strong adsorption, and ion exchange capabilities. Bentonite is heat-resistant up to 300°C, maintaining its expansion and adsorption properties even at high temperatures. When mixed with water, it forms a high-viscosity paste with strong adhesion, making it irreplaceable in fields such as environmental protection, metallurgy, and building materials, demonstrating its unique value in extreme environments.

[0020] Reaction equation of the present invention is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] The initiator potassium persulfate ionizes under high heat, generating monovalent anionic hydrogen sulfate radicals. Simultaneously, the hydroxyl groups on the pectin matrix ionize in water to release hydrogen ions, generating corresponding alcohol oxygen radicals, which serve as active sites for grafting modification. Acrylamide, on the other hand, is susceptible to crosslinking due to its carbon-carbon double bonds. Two or more acrylamides self-polymerize to form polyacrylamide. These large free radicals act as branches and graft onto the pectin molecular chain, forming a graft copolymer.

[0023] Sodium periodate selectively oxidizes adjacent cis-diol structures, breaking the C-C bond and generating two molecules of aldehyde. Furthermore, the carboxyl, hydroxyl, and aldehyde (-COOH / -OH / -CHO) groups in the modified pectin form a hydrogen bond network with the -OH and Si-O-Si groups on the surface or edge of the bentonite. The aldehyde / carboxyl / hydroxyl synergistic system in the pectin forms multi-level hydrogen bonds with the bentonite.

[0024] Carboxyl and aldehyde groups strongly adsorb dust particles through hydrogen bonds and electrostatic effects. Bentonite absorbs water and expands to fill the gaps between dust particles. It cross-links with modified pectin to form a flexible hard shell, which has certain wind erosion resistance. Carboxyl and hydroxyl groups provide strong hydrophilic groups to adsorb environmental moisture. The interlayer structure of bentonite stores moisture, maintains surface moisture in dry environments, reduces spraying frequency, and improves water retention.

[0025] Beneficial Effects: Through the synergistic action of multiple components, this invention achieves significant advantages in performance breakthroughs, environmental friendliness, and economic optimization. Experimental measurements have shown that the dust suppressant of this invention can form a solidified shell on the surface of coal samples that combines toughness and strength. Its unique "double water-locking" mechanism—chemically bonded water molecules to the polymer carboxyl groups and physically adsorbed bound water between bentonite layers—maintains a good water loss rate in high-temperature, arid environments. Its rapid film-forming properties enhance dust suppression efficiency. After drying, this invention forms a structurally complete solidified layer that effectively prevents coal dust from loosening. The suppression rates for both PM2.5 and PM10 exceed 95%, achieving highly effective and long-lasting dust suppression. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1This is a comparison chart of the water retention rates of the examples and comparative examples tested in Experiment 1.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of the dust suppression efficiency of the examples and comparative examples tested in Experiment 2.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a process flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments:

[0030] Example 1

[0031] (1) In a three-necked flask, dissolve 0.1 g of pectin with 200 mL of distilled water, place it on a magnetic stirrer and stir for 20 minutes to ensure that the pectin is fully dissolved. Dissolve 1.5 g of acrylamide monomer and 0.1 g of potassium persulfate in two small beakers respectively. Add the dissolved acrylamide solution to the reaction bottle containing the pectin solution. Immerse the reaction bottle in a preheated constant temperature water bath and heat it to 70°C. Use a syringe to quickly inject the dissolved potassium persulfate solution into the preheated reaction mixture. During the reaction, seal the flask to prevent pectin oxidation. Continue heating in a water bath to maintain 70°C for 2 hours to obtain mixed solution I.

[0032] (2) After the mixture I is cooled to room temperature, slowly pour 3 times the volume of anhydrous ethanol into the mixture I. After standing for a period of time to allow complete precipitation, vacuum filter and dry in a vacuum oven at 50°C to constant weight to obtain modified pectin. Dissolve the modified pectin in 200 mL of distilled water, add 0.006 g of sodium periodate, and stir magnetically at room temperature in the dark for 5 h to obtain mixed solution II.

[0033] (3) Add 2 g of bentonite to the mixed solution II, stir at 450 rpm for 25 min, adjust the pH to 6-8, and finally add 0.8 g of wetting agent dodecyl dimethyl amine oxide and mix well to obtain a dust suppressant solution.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] (1) In a three-necked flask, dissolve 0.1 g of pectin with 200 mL of distilled water, place it on a magnetic stirrer and stir for 20 min to ensure that the pectin is fully dissolved. Dissolve 2.5 g of acrylamide monomer and 0.15 g of potassium persulfate in two small beakers respectively. Add the dissolved acrylamide solution to the reaction flask containing the pectin solution. Immerse the reaction flask in a preheated constant temperature water bath and heat it to 80°C. Use a syringe to quickly inject the dissolved potassium persulfate solution into the preheated reaction mixture. During the reaction, seal the flask to prevent pectin oxidation. Continue heating in a water bath for 2 h to obtain mixed solution I.

[0036] (2) After the mixture I is cooled to room temperature, slowly pour 3 times the volume of anhydrous ethanol into the mixture I. After standing for a period of time to allow complete precipitation, vacuum filter and dry in a vacuum oven at 50°C to constant weight to obtain modified pectin. Dissolve the modified pectin in 200 mL of distilled water, add 0.01 g of sodium periodate and stir magnetically at room temperature in the dark for 5 h to obtain mixture II.

[0037] (3) Add 4 g of bentonite to the mixed solution II, stir at 450 rpm for 25 min, adjust the pH to 6-8, and finally add 0.8 g of the wetting agent dodecyl dimethylamine oxide solution and mix well to obtain the dust suppressant solution.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] (1) In a three-necked flask, dissolve 0.1 g of pectin with 200 mL of distilled water, place it on a magnetic stirrer and stir for 20 min to ensure that the pectin is fully dissolved. Dissolve 3.5 g of acrylamide monomer and 0.2 g of potassium persulfate in two small beakers respectively. Add the dissolved acrylamide solution to the reaction flask containing the pectin solution. Immerse the reaction flask in a preheated constant temperature water bath and heat it to 80°C. Use a syringe to quickly inject the dissolved potassium persulfate solution into the preheated reaction mixture. During the reaction, seal the flask to prevent pectin oxidation. Continue heating in a water bath for 2 h to obtain mixed solution I.

[0040] (2) After the mixture I is cooled to room temperature, slowly pour 3 times the volume of anhydrous ethanol into the mixture I. After standing for a period of time to allow complete precipitation, vacuum filter and dry in a vacuum oven at 50°C to constant weight to obtain modified pectin. Dissolve the modified pectin in 200 mL of distilled water, add 0.008 g of sodium periodate and stir magnetically at room temperature in the dark for 5 h to obtain mixture II.

[0041] (3) Add 6 g of bentonite to the mixed solution II, continue stirring at 450 rpm for 25 min, adjust the pH to 6-8, and finally add 0.8 g of the wetting agent dodecyl dimethyl amine oxide solution and mix evenly to obtain the dust suppressant solution.

[0042] Example 4

[0043] (1) In a three-necked flask, dissolve 0.2 g of pectin with 200 mL of distilled water, place it on a magnetic stirrer and stir for 20 min to ensure that the pectin is fully dissolved. Dissolve 1.5 g of acrylamide monomer and 0.1 g of potassium persulfate in two small beakers respectively. Add the dissolved acrylamide solution to the reaction flask containing the pectin solution. Immerse the reaction flask in a preheated constant temperature water bath and heat it to 90 °C. Use a syringe to quickly inject the dissolved potassium persulfate solution into the preheated reaction mixture. During the reaction, seal the flask to prevent pectin oxidation. Continue heating in a water bath for 2.5 h to obtain mixed solution I.

[0044] (2) After the mixture I is cooled to room temperature, slowly pour 3 times the volume of anhydrous ethanol into the mixture I. After standing for a period of time to allow complete precipitation, vacuum filter and dry in a vacuum oven at 50°C to constant weight to obtain modified pectin. Dissolve the modified pectin in 200 mL of distilled water, add 0.01 g of sodium periodate and stir magnetically at room temperature in the dark for 5 h to obtain mixture II.

[0045] (3) Add 6 g of bentonite to the mixed solution II, stir at 450 rpm for 25 min, adjust the pH to 6-8, and finally add 1 g of wetting agent solution and mix evenly to obtain the dust suppressant solution.

[0046] Example 5

[0047] (1) In a three-necked flask, dissolve 0.2 g of pectin with 200 mL of distilled water, place it on a magnetic stirrer and stir for 20 min to ensure that the pectin is fully dissolved. Dissolve 2.5 g of acrylamide monomer and 0.15 g of potassium persulfate in two small beakers respectively. Add the dissolved acrylamide solution to the reaction flask containing the pectin solution. Immerse the reaction flask in a preheated constant temperature water bath and heat it to 90 °C. Use a syringe to quickly inject the dissolved potassium persulfate solution into the preheated reaction mixture. During the reaction, seal the flask to prevent pectin oxidation. Continue heating in a water bath for 3 h to obtain mixed solution I.

[0048] (2) After the mixture I is cooled to room temperature, slowly pour 3 times the volume of anhydrous ethanol into the mixture I. After standing for a period of time to allow complete precipitation, vacuum filter and dry in a vacuum oven at 50°C to constant weight to obtain modified pectin. Dissolve the modified pectin in 200 mL of distilled water, add 0.008 g of sodium periodate and stir magnetically at room temperature in the dark for 5 h to obtain mixture II.

[0049] (3) Add 2 g of bentonite to the mixed solution II, stir at 450 rpm for 25 min, adjust the pH to 6-8, and finally add 1 g of wetting agent solution and mix evenly to obtain the dust suppressant solution.

[0050] Example 6

[0051] (1) In a three-necked flask, dissolve 0.2 g of pectin with 200 mL of distilled water, place it on a magnetic stirrer and stir for 20 min to ensure that the pectin is fully dissolved. Dissolve 3.5 g of acrylamide monomer and 0.2 g of potassium persulfate in two small beakers respectively. Add the dissolved acrylamide solution to the reaction flask containing the pectin solution. Immerse the reaction flask in a preheated constant temperature water bath and heat it to 70°C. Use a syringe to quickly inject the dissolved potassium persulfate solution into the preheated reaction mixture. During the reaction, seal the flask to prevent pectin oxidation. Continue heating in a water bath for 3 h to obtain mixed solution I.

[0052] (2) After the mixture I is cooled to room temperature, slowly pour 3 times the volume of anhydrous ethanol into the mixture I. After standing for a period of time to allow complete precipitation, vacuum filter and dry in a vacuum oven at 50°C to constant weight to obtain modified pectin. Dissolve the modified pectin in 200 mL of distilled water, add 0.006 g of sodium periodate, and stir magnetically at room temperature in the dark for 5 h to obtain mixed solution II.

[0053] (3) Add 4 g of bentonite to the mixed solution II, stir at 450 rpm for 30 min, adjust the pH to 6-8, and finally add 1 g of wetting agent and mix evenly to obtain the dust suppressant solution.

[0054] Example 7

[0055] (1) In a three-necked flask, dissolve 0.3 g of pectin with 200 mL of distilled water, place it on a magnetic stirrer and stir for 20 min to ensure that the pectin is fully dissolved. Dissolve 1.5 g of acrylamide monomer and 0.15 g of potassium persulfate in two small beakers respectively. Add the dissolved acrylamide solution to the reaction flask containing the pectin solution. Immerse the reaction flask in a preheated constant temperature water bath and heat it to 70°C. Use a syringe to quickly inject the dissolved potassium persulfate solution into the preheated reaction mixture. During the reaction, seal the flask to prevent pectin oxidation. Continue heating in a water bath for 2 h to obtain mixed solution I.

[0056] (2) After the mixture I is cooled to room temperature, slowly pour 3 times the volume of anhydrous ethanol into the mixture I. After standing for a period of time to allow complete precipitation, vacuum filter and dry in a vacuum oven at 50°C to constant weight to obtain modified pectin. Take the modified pectin and dissolve it in 200 mL of distilled water. Add 0.008 g of sodium periodate and stir magnetically at room temperature in the dark for 5 h to obtain mixed solution II.

[0057] (3) Add 4 g of bentonite to the mixed solution II, stir at 500 rpm for 25 min, adjust the pH to 6-8, and finally add 1.2 g of wetting agent and mix evenly to obtain the dust suppressant solution.

[0058] Example 8

[0059] (1) In a three-necked flask, dissolve 0.3 g of pectin with 200 mL of distilled water, place it on a magnetic stirrer and stir for 20 min to ensure that the pectin is fully dissolved. Dissolve 2.5 g of acrylamide monomer and 0.2 g of potassium persulfate in two small beakers respectively. Add the dissolved acrylamide solution to the reaction flask containing the pectin solution. Immerse the reaction flask in a preheated constant temperature water bath and heat it to 80°C. Use a syringe to quickly inject the dissolved potassium persulfate solution into the preheated reaction mixture. During the reaction, seal the flask to prevent pectin oxidation. Continue heating in a water bath for 2.5 h to obtain mixed solution I.

[0060] (2) After the mixture I is cooled to room temperature, slowly pour 3 times the volume of anhydrous ethanol into the mixture I. After standing for a period of time to allow complete precipitation, vacuum filter and dry in a vacuum oven at 50°C to constant weight to obtain modified pectin. Dissolve the modified pectin in 200 mL of distilled water, add 0.006 g of sodium periodate, and stir magnetically at room temperature in the dark for 5 h to obtain mixed solution II.

[0061] (3) Add 6 g of bentonite to the mixed solution II, stir at 500 rpm for 25 min, adjust the pH to 6-8, and finally add 1.2 g of wetting agent and mix evenly to obtain the dust suppressant solution.

[0062] Example 9

[0063] (1) In a three-necked flask, dissolve 0.3 g of pectin with 200 mL of distilled water, place it on a magnetic stirrer and stir for 20 min to ensure that the pectin is fully dissolved. Dissolve 3.5 g of acrylamide monomer and 0.25 g of potassium persulfate in two small beakers respectively. Add the dissolved acrylamide solution to the reaction flask containing the pectin solution. Immerse the reaction flask in a preheated constant temperature water bath and heat it to 80 °C. Use a syringe to quickly inject the dissolved potassium persulfate solution into the preheated reaction mixture. During the reaction, seal the flask to prevent pectin oxidation. Continue heating in a water bath for 3 h to obtain mixed solution I.

[0064] (2) After the mixture I is cooled to room temperature, slowly pour 3 times the volume of anhydrous ethanol into the mixture I. After standing for a period of time to allow complete precipitation, vacuum filter and dry in a vacuum oven at 50°C to constant weight to obtain modified pectin. Dissolve the modified pectin in 200 mL of distilled water, add 0.01 g of sodium periodate and stir magnetically at room temperature in the dark for 5 h to obtain mixture II.

[0065] (3) Add 2 g of bentonite to the mixed solution II, stir at 450 rpm for 25 min, adjust the pH to 6-8, and finally add 1.2 g of wetting agent and mix evenly to obtain the dust suppressant solution.

[0066] Comparative Example 1

[0067] Add 200 mL of water and 0.2 g of pectin to a beaker and heat until uniformly dissolved.

[0068] Comparative Example 2

[0069] Add 200 mL of water to a beaker and weigh 1.2 g of dodecyl dimethylamine oxide and dissolve it evenly.

[0070] Comparative Example 3

[0071] (1) In a three-necked flask, dissolve 0.2 g of pectin with 200 mL of distilled water, place it on a magnetic stirrer and stir for 20 min to ensure that the pectin is fully dissolved. Dissolve 2.5 g of acrylamide monomer and 0.15 g of potassium persulfate in two small beakers respectively. Add the dissolved acrylamide solution to the reaction flask containing the pectin solution. Immerse the reaction flask in a preheated constant temperature water bath and heat it to 90 °C. Use a syringe to quickly inject the dissolved potassium persulfate solution into the preheated reaction mixture. During the reaction, seal the flask to prevent pectin oxidation. Continue heating in a water bath for 3 h to obtain mixed solution I.

[0072] (2) After the mixed solution I is cooled to room temperature, 3 times the volume of anhydrous ethanol is slowly poured into the mixed solution I. After standing for a period of time to allow complete precipitation, vacuum filtration is performed and then dried in a vacuum oven at 50°C to constant weight to obtain modified pectin. The modified pectin is dissolved in 200 mL of distilled water, 2 g of bentonite is added to the mixed solution, and the mixture is stirred at 450 rpm for 25 min. The pH is adjusted to 6-8. Finally, 1 g of the wetting agent solution is added and mixed evenly to obtain Comparative Example 3.

[0073] Comparative Example 4

[0074] (1) In a three-necked flask, dissolve 0.2 g of pectin with 200 mL of distilled water, place it on a magnetic stirrer and stir for 20 min to ensure that the pectin is fully dissolved. Dissolve 2.5 g of acrylamide monomer and 0.15 g of potassium persulfate in two small beakers respectively. Add the dissolved acrylamide solution to the reaction flask containing the pectin solution. Immerse the reaction flask in a preheated constant temperature water bath and heat it to 90 °C. Use a syringe to quickly inject the dissolved potassium persulfate solution into the preheated reaction mixture. During the reaction, seal the flask to prevent pectin oxidation. Continue heating in a water bath for 3 h to obtain mixed solution I.

[0075] (2) After the mixed solution I is cooled to room temperature, 3 times the volume of anhydrous ethanol is slowly poured into the mixed solution I. After standing for a period of time to allow complete precipitation, vacuum filtration is performed and the mixture is dried in a vacuum oven at 50°C to constant weight to obtain modified pectin. The modified pectin is dissolved in 200 mL of distilled water, 0.008 g of sodium periodate is added, and the mixture is magnetically stirred at room temperature in the dark for 5 h. 1 g of a wetting agent is added to obtain Comparative Example 4.

[0076] The effects of Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were examined through testing. Coal samples were prepared in accordance with the TB / T3210.1-2020 standard and screened with a 200-mesh standard sieve. The samples were dried in a drying oven at 50°C for 4 hours to remove moisture, and then allowed to stand at room temperature for 2 hours.

[0077] Test 1

[0078] The dust suppression materials prepared in Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were tested for evaporation resistance.

[0079] The test method is as follows: 10 g of coal dust is placed in a culture dish, and then 15 g of Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are sprayed respectively. Considering the operating temperature in the actual environment, two extreme temperatures are selected, a low temperature of 15°C and a high temperature of 50°C. The weight of the coal dust is then recorded every 1 hour until the weight gradually stabilizes.

[0080] The test results are as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0081] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that the rate of weight loss after spraying the coal dust of the Example is significantly lower than that of the coal dust of the Comparative Example. After evaporation for 6 hours at 15°C, the weight loss of Example 5 is only 7.2g. Comparing the weight and water loss rate of the coal dust sprayed with the Example and Comparative Example reveals that the water retention performance of the Example is the best. This is because the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups provide strong hydrophilic groups that absorb environmental moisture, and the bentonite interlayer structure stores moisture, maintaining surface moisture in a dry environment, reducing spraying frequency, and improving water retention. This shows that the dust suppressant of the present invention effectively wets, encapsulates, and bonds the entire coal, and has excellent water retention performance.

[0082] Test 2

[0083] The dust suppression properties of the dust suppressants prepared in Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were tested below.

[0084] The test method is as follows: a dust suppression test is conducted on a wind erosion simulation platform, an equal amount of coal powder is placed in a culture dish, and the wind speed is set to 8 m / s. First, a handheld laser particle counter is used to detect the original concentration β0 of PM2.5 and PM10 at this time. Subsequently, an equal amount of Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 is evenly sprayed into the culture dish. After complete drying, the handheld laser particle counter is used again to detect the PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations after spraying, and recorded as β1. The dust suppression rate is calculated according to the following formula.

[0085]

[0086] μ is the dust suppression rate (%), β0 is the original concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 (μg / m 3 ), β1 is the concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 after spraying dust suppressant (μg / m 3 ).

[0087] The test results are as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0088] Figure 2The results show that the dry coal sample treated with Comparative Example 2 has the lowest inhibition rate for PM2.5 and PM10, while the coal sample treated with Comparative Example 1 has a dust suppression rate of 53.96% for PM10. In comparison, the dust suppression rates of Examples 1-9 are significantly improved, with inhibition rates for PM2.5 and PM10 exceeding 95%. The dust suppression rates of the coal samples treated with Comparative Example 3 and the Comparative Example 2 are better than those of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 for PM10, but the dust suppression effect is significantly inferior to that of the Examples. This may be due to the cross-linking of bentonite and modified pectin to form a flexible hard shell, which indicates that the dust suppressant of the present invention forms a structurally complete solidified layer after drying, effectively preventing the loosening of coal powder and achieving a high-efficiency and long-lasting dust suppression effect.

[0089] It can be seen that the present invention can test the water retention performance and dust suppression efficiency of the developed dust reduction material by designing different ratios, so as to judge the actual dust suppression effect of the dust reduction material.

[0090] The dust suppression material prepared by the present invention can suppress dust with high efficiency, effectively solves the technical problems of poor wetting effect and low crust toughness of dust suppression materials in mining areas, and has good social benefits and considerable economic benefits.

[0091] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new dust suppression material with strong wettability and high toughness, characterized in that: The invention is prepared from the following raw materials and water in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of pectin, 10-35 parts of acrylamide, 1-2.5 parts of initiator, 0.06-0.1 parts of sodium periodate, 20-60 parts of bentonite and 8-12 parts of wetting agent.

2. The novel dust suppression material with strong wettability and high toughness according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initiator is potassium persulfate.

3. The novel dust suppression material with strong wettability and high toughness according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The wetting agent is dodecyl dimethyl amine oxide.

4. The novel dust suppression material with strong wettability and high toughness according to claim 3, characterized in that: Described water is selected distilled water, and the amount of water is 200 parts.

5. A method for preparing a novel dust suppression material with strong wettability and high toughness, characterized in that: Prepare as follows: (1) Add pectin and some water to a reaction vessel and stir until fully dissolved; Add acrylamide monomer and initiator to two other containers respectively, add water to dissolve, add the dissolved acrylamide solution to the reaction container containing the pectin solution, increase the temperature, and quickly inject the dissolved potassium persulfate solution into the reaction mixture with a syringe. Keep the temperature to react, and seal the reaction container during the reaction to prevent pectin oxidation, thereby obtaining a mixed solution I; (2) After the mixed solution I is cooled to room temperature, anhydrous ethanol is slowly poured into the mixed solution I, and the mixture is allowed to stand for complete precipitation, followed by solid-liquid separation and drying to constant weight to obtain modified pectin; the modified pectin is dissolved in distilled water, and sodium periodate is added to the modified pectin solution, and the mixture is stirred at room temperature in the dark to obtain mixed solution II; (3) Add bentonite to mixed solution II, stir at high speed to react, adjust the pH to 6-8, and finally add a wetting agent and mix evenly to obtain a dust suppressant solution.

6. The method for preparing the novel dust suppression material with strong wettability and high toughness according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (1), the reaction temperature is 70-90° C. and the reaction time is 2-3 h.

7. The method for preparing the novel dust suppression material with strong wettability and high toughness according to claim 6, characterized in that: The amount of anhydrous ethanol added is 3 times the volume of mixed solution I.

8. The method for preparing the novel dust suppression material with strong wettability and high toughness according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step (2), the reaction time is 5-6 h.

9. The method for preparing the novel dust suppression material with strong wettability and high toughness according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step (3), the stirring speed is 450-500 rpm, and the stirring time is 25-30 min.

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